instructed but not dispositive. the republicans tried to get andrew johnson before 1865 was out. they opened hearings in the house trying to find reasons to remove him from office. ultimately it failed by a very narrow margin in the senate. but they were really after him because he was trying to undo the implications of the verdict of the civil war. cut to nixon. andrew johnson was about politics. nixon, the reason he had to resign was they had him on tape. there was clear evidence of obstruction of justice, he was ordering one federal agency to stop, another federal agency, and we forget this, and we may end up with another element in this crisis. nixon fold the rule of law when the supreme court ruled 8-0 in july of 1984 that he had to hand everything over, he did, in fact, hand everything over. so he left after barry goldwater went down and said you don't