internet, allowing consumers and small businesses to have an equal playing field. but in u.s. telecom association vfcc, in your own opinion you went out of the way to dissent. this is the full d.c. court against you. the rules were upheld by a panel of judges appointed by presidents from both parties. here you relied on something else that you came up with called the major rules doctrine. and i know it's been mentioned in a 2015 case, but in claiming that the fcc lacked authority to issue net neutrality rules because they were in your words major. so again it feels to me like congress set up the fcc and the fcc is doing their job in a really complex policy matter. they put forward these rules on net neutrality and then you insert your judgment to say that they're unconstitutional. so tell me why i'm wrong. >> the major rules doctrine or major questions doctrine is rooted in supreme court