the core. these days in order to get in touch with the islamic state all you need to do is have a twitter account. i've been able to speak to them. other reporters have been able to speak to them. and certainly americans, young americans have been radicalized just by getting in touch with them over twitter. once you are in their pipeline, you are then exposed to a series of propaganda messages that essentially teach you that as a muslim it is your duty to inflict harm on the infidels, meaning the rest of us, and they give you the tools to do that. the pipe bombs that you're describing that were found in the garage and that used the ignition that we saw during the boston marathon bombs, that i believe is a recipe that is widely available, including in al qaeda's "inspire" magazine. so all you need really is an ethernet cable or a wi-fi connection and you are then able to just find these things online. and put together the pieces to be able to carry it out. we saw elton simpson in may.