religious fanaticism. radical islamic fundamentalists decided they want to rid the world of huge buddhas in the painted caves. they took them out with anti-aircraft missiles. and then the ancient islamic shrines in 2012. now it is isis. after they took control of mosul, they attacked mosul's library and the library in the university of mosul as well destroying books about everything other than islam in a bomb fire. now they're showing fighters using sledge hammers and drills to destroy very ancient artifacts.