at some risk. let me make sure i get this right. in your view, can congress restrict the removal of any official within the executive branch? >> under the supreme court precedent, which i have applied in times, humphries, congress historically has restricted the removal of independent agency heads and that is law that has been in place a long time. >> decades. >> on morrison, you may disagree with what i'm about to say. the reason i think justice kagan felt free to talk about morrison and i did as well is it seemed a one-off case about a statute that doesn't exist anymore and that humphries is the precedent on independent agencies. you may disagree with me on that. that's the promise that she spoke. that's the premise on which i spoke. i was not intending to do either of two things. i was not intending to say anything about humphries or say anything about traditional