because they're hostile to the united states. long-term residents of the united states aren't in the same position. you quoted at the top, voting by noncitizens is quite common. it has persisted in the united states until the early part of the 20th century. >> tucker: it's not the same thing. it's a matter of intent? anyone who meets your definition of being not hostile to the united states as defined by you or other harvard law professors gets to vote. if putin were to say i'm not hostile to the united states i like a donald trump, i think he said that on stage on monday -- that would give him the right to influence our elections by your standard. >> the traditional test, arkansas was the last date to eliminate noncitizen voting in 1926, the traditional test was residency. when abe lincoln was elected on the backs of lots of noncitizen voters in illinois, i don't