the dow since 1931. look, bigger picture, the dow lost 5.6% for the year. the worst year for stocks since 2008. look, at the end of the day, stocks were bound to fall. you can't have a bull market run forever, but it's the way that stocks are declining that is causing real serious investor concern. specifically, this month has been punctuated by panic selling, and extreme volatility. investors are worried about what's ahead. they're trying to measure the prolonged impact of a trade war, a global economic slow down and dysfunction in washington, d.c. for the average person, we're seeing a decline in consumer confidence. bottom line, there are a lot of headwinds ahead in 2019 and investors are going to be pessimistic until they have reason not to be. >> as we know, investors like certainty. and you point out some reasons why there isn't certainty right now in a few fronts. cristina alesci, thank you so much. i want to bring in cnn's global economic analyst steve