not approve these subpoenas. so basically, this is something that was done without the approval of the minority. the four russia investigations swurps bipartisan. they put out a statement announcing them. the three on the unmasking. it looks like they were driven by republicans and most likely devin nunes. >> so that does raise the question, right, if democrats weren't informed, weren't on board with those subpoenas when we're talking about the unmasking here, which is a serious issue, how much unilateral power does devin nunes have here when he is supposedly not involved with russian matters? >> in short, a lot. based on the committee rules, the chairman of the panel can issue any subpoena he wants on his own. now the committee rules also say the chairman is supposed to consult with democrats, the minority before he decides to move forward on any subpoena. and again, according to a senior aid on the panel, democrats were not informed of this move. but according to the committee rules, the chairman has unilateral power to issue subpoenas. and it looks like in this case, at least according to aides on the committee, that's exactly what happened.