Lisa welcome to the stage board member Vice President of global government relations. Bright light spread hi everyone, that was not very good applause are you all asleep after lunch . Come on. [applause] welcome everyone. It is great to have you here. My honor to welcome you here to the policy summit my name is kristen i run global government relations. I am very proud as well to serve on the board of directors. This is a great crowd we have here today i dont think everyone is all in from lunch everyone is chitchatting a little bit which is okay. We also have a lot of people online. Over 1000 people registered to participate in this. Which is awesome, very exciting that is testament and tech policy today. Its not a surprise or such interest concerning the level of speakers we have today. Its never a dull moment. There is no exception to that right now. This year is been a landmark year for innovation. The generative ai exploding onto the scene and grabbing everyones attention much to some of our dismay here 10 congressional bills each year for the next 10 years. Its an important Inflection Point men of the issues we are working on may truly determine the course of our future. Its a fitting weve taken advantage of the opportunity presented by state conference to bring together smart minds from all different backgrounds, professions and opinions to tackle these topics head on. So today we are going to be taking stock of some that majorr tech policy milestones that have transpired over the past year. We will the ai order known to some of us is the gift who never stops giving. The very people setting the vision for ai in the u. S. Federal government. We will also get an update on how the chips in science act is impacting main streets across america. Cybersecurity ai in particular stand at the forefront of todays digital landscape. Around the world the current state of cybersecurity reflects an evergrowing need for robust measures to safeguard our digital infrastructure. With Cyber Threats and increasingly sophisticated attacks continuing to pull over for a rate including the use of ai the imperative for collaboration viewed the public and private sector has never been more apparent. Which is why it, someone has been the cybersecurity world for many years i will not admit how many infants very large audience. I am thrilled we will hear today from not just one, but two of the worlds most for most Security Leaders this afternoon. I have the pleasure to meet one of them backstage a few moments ago the National Cyber directorate harry coker will be taking the stage momentarily. I have been lucky to have had the opportunity to a tent and host many forms as have you and work with trade associations over the years and i can tell you this event in this organization really do stand apart. Iti is truly comprehensive on tech policy covering the full tech waterfront of policy issues. And truly global. With the tremendous benefit the other 979 Member Companies these Member Companies many of whom are with us here today and the room. Great to see all of you here, welcome it. Our veritable whos who of top tech talent from across the rope so welcome we are glad to have you all here. I want to give a special welcome europe, asia, australia, south america, or anywhere else were really glad youre here with us today as well. Of course this event would not have been possible without the generous support of our sponsors and Member Companies. Let me give special thanks cognizant ericsson, mastercard, meta, organization nielsen sage, salesforce. For their sponsorship of todays program. I will now ask you to silence earphones, turn off your ringers but do not put them away. Well invite you to share the experience with your audiences. Tweet, post, gauge on social media however you would like. As we move through todays program. You will find us on twitter iti underscore tech tweet. Intersect 2024 so go ahead and post away all day long please. Will also be doing digital poles throughout the program you will need your phone to participate in those. You will see instruction showing up on the screen as we go. You will be able to scan the qr code or go to the pigeonholed web address and enter your code to join your submission will be anonymous we appreciate your participation. Set lets get the ball rolling its my great pleasure to welcome jason to the stage is president ceo of iti. Hope enters the keynote speaker. Getting us kicked off hi everybody its so great to see you i cant see any of you that the light were not shining and my face its great to see it we appreciate you taking time to be with us today its exciting days kristen noted we havent asked amazing lineup weve had some terrific speakers we have even more on behalf of the whole iti team thank you so much a ring with us today. Smite great honor to welcome our opening keynote speaker is going to start the intersect off for us. National cyber director harry. Harry is a graduate of the u. S. Naval academy of Postgraduate School in georgetown law center. Director has received numerous accolades from across his many years of service to our nation. Such as a National Intelligence distinguished Service Medal for Exceptional Service he has served as executive director of the nsa. He played a strategic role across the Intelligence Community including extensive experience as well marked by a leadership and digital innovation. And science and technology and n public affairs. Showcases his commitment to excellence and our nation is very lucky he has decided to return to service the cell is 6 feet in washington. I ask you all to please join me National Cyber director harry coker. Good afternoon. I am delighted to be here and thank you, jason for that gracious introduction. He wondered who we were talking about but i will take it. I am excited to join well this afternoon to kick off this event i had a procedure i had my old left knee replaced two weeks ago so i may not build a kick this off in the fashion i would like too. I still cannot get into my dress shoes i hope you will forgive me for wearing air jordans. I heard i need to kick this thing off so i will take the power of any athlete especially the go to get it done. But, and all seriousness im honored to stand before you as a nation the second National Cyber director. Im particularly pleased to be here at the summit you all have been great collaborators were grateful to an organization like iti for helping to create opportunities for engagement that drives meaningful change. At the office of the National Cyber director we like to say engage early and often i will be here early in my tenure. Ive been in the job for a little over seven weeks and i have to tell you i was humbled but also quite excited to be called back to serve. I do not know any position could have brought me out of my second retirement due to the potential to make a Lasting Impact for our nation was an easy decision for me. After 43 years in the navy and the Intelligence Community it truly is a privilege to help new and tribute to the safety and the prosperity of the American People. But one thing you should know about me i love to solve harder problems that was a driving factor in my decision to return to Government Service and to quote the goat Michael Jordan obstacles dont have to stop you. If you run into a wall dont turn around and give up figure out how to climate and go through it or work around it. Our problems do energize me i grew up as a cold or sailor in the navy when our nations face the hard problem with the soviet union. Part of the Intelligence Community i was extremely proud to take on what we now refer to as the great power competition. Part of my contribution to those efforts included incorporating the open source enterprise into the agencies and into the centers. All of those challenges were hard with cybersecurity is a different kind of a hard problem. That stems from the threat which is very real and persistent. One example amongst many is the threat from the peoples republic of china. Last week i had the honor of testifying in front of the House Select Committee to focus on the Chinese Communist party with my colleagues from across the federal government in particular. Assistant director easterly fbi director wray my friend and former boss recently retired commander of u. S. Cyber command and director. It was an important moment for us to appear together to articulate the full measure of the threat posed by china. And to demonstrate coherence and collaboration across our federal enterprise. Cyber actors from the peoples republic of china are actively working to gain access into our nations Critical Infrastructure systems with the purpose of disruption or worse, destruction. In the early stages of Armed Conflict they want to disrupt our militarys ability to mobilize and to impact the systems that allow us to thrive in our increasingly digital world. Their intention is to drive home a point so many of us have known for years. In cyberspace and the private sector as well as the American People themselves are on the front lines. And as we all know the vast majority of Critical Infrastructure in our nation is owned and operated by the private sector. Folks, protecting and defending america from a growing number of Cyber Threats is a hard problem. Ensuring the short and longterm protections of a defense and resilience of the systems that underpin our increasingly digital way of life is a hard problem. In ensuring internet remains open, free, global and operable and importantly secure anchored in universal values that respect human rights and fundamental freedoms is a hard problem. Harder still is what we do about it. After all belligerent states have postured their military forces aggressively for millennia. America said plenty of success lastminute domain of cyberspace but as we said last week the risk we face within the cyberspace today is unacceptable. There are plenty of actions that we have, can, and will take to address counters normative behavior and the necessity to partner with so many of you in this room is absolute essential. How do we collectively how do we take the talent your organizations and channel our collective energy toward countering the growing number of malicious actors. How do we collectively the technology to create and make sure they are source how do we truly help local governments one of the more than 50000 public Water Systems spread across our great nation. Thankfully the present has started sat on the right foot. From the very beginning of this administration present by the mid cybersecurity priority. He brought in some outstanding people and some of them will be with you here today. My dear Friend National security advisor at the National Security council who will join you all later this afternoon has made incredible progress. 14028 pushing for the creation of cyber trust. And i would be remiss if i did not mention my white house colleague kobe, South Carolina but currently the director public engagement. Youll see him this afternoon for his outreach on behalf of the administrations key to strengthening our partnerships and delivering outcomes. At oh ncd we have been lucky to have had chris english setter organization on the right course. We were champions of this office and our mission. I am proud and lucky to build upon the foundation those two leaders said for us. We are also standing on the shoulders and the wisdom of the office of cyber director in 2021 following a recommendation by the cyberspace solarium commission. I was pleased to meet with many of those commissioners last week. I did tell you their insight continues to be a great value to me and frankly to all of us. Leaders note you cannot tackle hard problems. Good old fashion grip. And i am hopeful this group has heard quite a bit about the National Cybersecurity strategy. The two bold shifts. Number one, shifting the responsibility away from individuals and Small Businesses and onto the larger institutions capable of bearing more responsibility in cyberspace. A number to a real lighting incentives to favor longterm investments in cybersecurity. That has been said before and i agree with that but allow me too share my take on this important strategy. Its bold because the underlying vision and the tenacity. The work of the off it sets out explicitly the hard problems wee had to solve and takes them head on. The strategy says we have to take problems the fact the insured was built on insecure foundations. We are finally implementing improvements through the border gateway protocol. Accountable when that russian rh insecure code to market. We are working with the Academic Community and legal expert to explore different liability regimes. Will soon be engaging with you for the private sector perspective. Thats smart regulations minimize compliance burden on companies. We are one of partners across inter agencies to harmonize requirements using the feedback many of you have already provided us in response to our request for information. The strategy says we need and diverse and robust Cyber Workforce to meet the challenge of this decisive decade. We are working aggressively to foster ecosystems across the nation to fill the more than half a million cyber jobs that are available today. Too that end i have already been to a job fair and career event and thrilled to have heard from an incredible array of students, faculty and employers. Its great to see it weve made progress. Some employers that had not visited that institution before and came away impressed rowing to follow up on that. Well be doing events across the country exposing people to opportunities. But every one of the problems i have mentioned his heart in its own right. Each of the ones i mentioned has been studied for decades. Each remained pernicious but unresolved. What makes National Cybersecurity strategy bold is its clarity. One seem to complicate our precisely what we need to tackle to seize the initiative my predecessors made a clear commitment to transparency and accountability by publishing the National Cybersecurity implementation plan. Act as a former Program Manager i found it impressive as i come to watch the team put the shoulder to the real every day across inter agency. Trust is openness. We commit to you when we report on our progress not just where we succeeded but where we came up short. With the intent of getting better. In the coming months you will see the reports on the efforts to date in the next phase of the strategies of limitation. And i will say one additional thing for the implement strategy and plan. Policy solutions are not selfexecuting. It is true developing solutions to the hard problems in cyberspace is a fundamental responsibility of our office but so is carrying them to fruition. Thankfully i am not alone there are 80 incredible patriots that i get to work with every day. Experts who hail from the industry, civil society, federal agencies in capitol hill. Their work includes putting the good ideas and powerful solutions to thoughtful strategy into practice to improve the Digital Foundation of this nation and to make our nation safer. I am excited about the work the talented staff is leading on the open Research Problem of software measurability that makes it difficult to understand the quality of code we use. 2016 newspaper we are continuing to make progress on. Are also pushing government and private sector coders to ensure secure by design incorporates memory safe programming languages. Some of the most dangerous vulnerabilities that criminals look to exploit our memory safety bugs and memory safe coding languages to prevent those errors from ever making into production and yes developers have been slow to adopt them even though many have existed for years. In the coming weeks you will see us put out a paper that addresses memory safety and software measurability. Additionally we are developing guidance to help agencies eliminate un necessary degree requirements for contacting cybersecurity positions. While this has been mandated for years its another tough challenge that has yet to be fully implemented. In many cases it turns out implementing the solution is the hardest part of all. That will take partnership the first shift in the strategy is about rebalancing responsibility in cyberspace to the most capable actors. That means the government, yes, it also means all the organizations represented in the rooms today and all of you. Make sure the cloud improves cybersecurity takes Meaningful Partnership to stop adversaries from using our own systems. As home or Office Routers to launch their attacks. To bring coherence to the federal Mission Coordination to unwind the sea of licenses agencies deal with on a daily basis. It will take Innovative Partnership in your technological knowhow to Scale Solutions that protect pipelines delivering gas to homes in minneapolis or to a hospital with lifesaving care in my hometown. It will not be easy and that is why the National Cybersecurity strategy is our northstar. I appreciate its traces its lineage back 25 years. That tells me that was and remains a bipartisan issue. That tells me the Publicprivate Partnership was and remains core to our success. Still dealing with some of the same tough problems. The office we have the team, we have the vision, we have the responsibility for not scratching our heads the same problem in 2050. So i say again please continue to collaborate with us in a True Partnership fell and knows the truth even you think we dont want to hear. Let us know whats working feedback and ideas. Solving the hard problems for the our Nation Security and prosperity. Thank you. [applause] joining us now jason, president and ceo of iti with david senior Vice President of Global Public policy and general counsel at amazon. Corrects high david. Welcome to the intersect hour thanks your first speech inside washington incite his appointment this Important Role. This holds what we need to be thinking about but its equally if perhaps not more important for us to have conversation with Industry Leaders about how we should be crafting our story here in washington and around the world. I am so thrilled to have david here with us today to help us think through the important policies of the debris as a thank you for being here for lex thank you for having me. Its a privilege and an honor and it is great to be able to engage on these important issues. Weve been around since 1916. We are 108 years old if im doing the math. Amazon is not quite that old. But you have been with amazon for a number of years almost since the beginning, 24 years if i have the number right. Tell us about how your role has evolved. And what youre responsible for today. I wasnt in the beginning for sure but i joined in the fall of 99. I was only litigation regulatory attorney with amazon back then. There were about 15 people in the companys revenues were just over a billion dollars. We did that for a dozen years and years later my boss retired and asked me too take her job. And so the council 2012 the company was about 61 billion in revenue. And it was about 200, 2050 people. Lester had the opportunity to step into leadership of the Global Public policy organization. Which is an additional as this room knows more than most relate topnotch people. We are over five your billion in revenue. The more than 2000 people. It has been an amazing journey. I feel very lucky, very privileged to have the most interesting job as one could possibly have. When to be hard to convince me thats not true for iraq as a recovering lawyer myself i can agree these kind of jobs are more interesting than a lot of other things you can do. That is quite a journey. I remember as it tech policy discussion has a lot to share and a lot to offer. Were going to talk a lot about ai in particular in a minute. But as you discussed your own journey within the company i can imagine the company itself is change a lot over the 24 years you have been there as well. It is interesting. Some ways it changed immensely. It is so much larger. I dont even come close to knowing which is disconcerting. I could not have imagined in 2012 alexa, 177 suite fly around network. Satellites, movie studios. Even since 2012 we have had to grow and adapt and build those businesses. That includes lawyers and the issues in the spaces. It has been a constant exercise in building. I stopped somewhere around 2008 i stopped trying to predict the future at all. See the same faces when i walk in the door. A lot of my Senior Leadership were there. One of the guys on my team was on the energy move we still talk about the company we think about the company lot the same way. And as you probably know one of our big priorities can stay focused on trying to remain which means staying nimble, staying clean making decisions quickly. Making sure we are not too big to cause a slowdown. And we worry a lot about that. And many ways we change it in many ways it hasnt. Went to particularly focus on ai. Thats a lot of the focus its happening on amazon, run generative ai. And obviously of as we have heard today the member of congress from californias 23rd is literally the only person with an ai degree. Industry has an incredibly Important Role to play in a form of policymakers here in the u. S. And around the world about the benefits of aip we hear about the scary stuff. We talk about how ai is going to end the world. We in industry not focus on that or focus on telling the positive story telling the good that can come from it. Can you share with us in the first instance what amazon is and would generative ai and with the ai roadmap looks like . And talk about how we can tell that story to policymakers . Sure. For a long time i resisted the term ai at all. I would not allow in my office. It really is another application of Machine Learning techniques. Investing in Machine Learning in every aspect of our business for a long time. Its behind the recognition thats part of alexa. We are very familiar with Machine Learning. A very Large Language Models is a new application of that. That obviously is incredibly exciting with a lot of possibilities. We are fully investing in that as well. Amazon has a threetiered approach to ai. We are at the base of Foundation Level we have been working with chips that are optimized for training algorithms and doing Machine Learning the special design trips that make it much more costeffective. There is a middle layer that we built into Amazon Web Services that are most easily access through a place like bedrock which gives our customers the ability to access the whole choice, a whole variety of Large Language Models. She the shopping assistance on amazon. I think ai but it wont happen overnight. Going to experiments with third level customer facing apps that uses technology. Some will be mine and blindly great. Theyre not going to build themselves. I think we have some time to figure out what this is and isnt. The weight amazon his providing and democratizing it if you will but also investing in our own models. Given that brett of policy issues that has arise from the breath of business uses of ai. I wanted to ask you how you are approaching the regulatory environment. It is one thing for me too rely on aim i amazon. Treatment course to follow based on people with similar circumstances and the ai use case and medical. So obviously a riskbased approach is important. For amazon this is enormously complicated you have so many use cases for ai. And as you and your team and travel the world and talk to different jurisdictions some are further ahead than others, some are moving forward on the ai acts. Here in the u. S. We are still talk about what might happen at the federal level. Are there some guardrails . Are there some we support. Supporting riskbased regulatory. We support the white house. We were at the safety summit. We supported those. Thats an encouraging aspect of the fact this is all so new and everything is doing everything all at once we have the opportunity to build consensus about what are the risks what are the use cases we should be concerned about . And how can we work backwards which we all agree are bad. Build the right regulatory guardrails. That will prevent the harms. I need what is whats a bad thing or trying to stop . One thing about being so broad its like both of the examples you use as one you should be concerned about and may be one you shouldnt be so concerned about. Obviously anytime for using this type of technology to make decisions or civil rights or things that could profoundly change someones life. You have to move very carefully and make sure you are using with the utmost responsibility, safety, security. The problem is as i alluded to before us we dont know what those things are going to be. It is a particulate fraud exercise to start regulating something you dont really understand and it doesnt really exist yet. The very favorable that could save lives. Or make peoples lives much better. It is a balance. The good news is theres a thera burgeoning set of consensus in the uk and the u. S. And some other countries. Where we can Work Together and i think the key is and this is where you guys are an incredible ally is to educate and collaborate with lawmakers and policymakers so we can help them understand the technology and we can talk together about the risks and use cases are. Of those to use cases ive mentioned when medical is like primary i would dont make it up. It is fantastic. You mentioned the importance of making that connection for policymakers with what businesses are trying to you and the impact of the Public Policy decisions i want to ask you as a Business Leader with a seat at the table of the Business Decisions made at amazon how do you estimate this will be a helpful practice tip for all of us how do you make that case ann your send out members of congress or parliament how to make that connection to help them understand here are the things there amazon is trying to use the benefit of our customers here is what the decision youre contemplating making is going to do to our ability to deploy that service. How do you make that connection . As you mentioned no one likes abstractions and some are hypothetical abstractions. You are trying to tell policymakers the decisions they make are going to impact their constituents accesses great technologies had he make that case . You have to make it real. Like i said im not good abstraction anyway pretty hectic come up with. Ill give you an example they didnt expect to talk about but its a pretty powerful one. When ukraine was first invaded we worked with the ukraine government to quickly copy their government records, the real estate country get them out of the country. And upload them to the clouds. Give them ongoing access to their records weeks before the record. And so under certain versions of what they call the you cloud there are versions of that that would have prohibited arent a certain percentage owned by new entities from even carrying government workloads because of what we would say are more protection reasons. What i was able to tell many policymakers as this version of that law gets past we cant help ukraine we are just not allowed to. That is what you break. When you look at legislation like this and you consider a solution and that goes over one weight in the france. It goes over another way in finland with russia. So you need to find a real world examples and talk it through. The provision of her talk about is deafly on our priority list. The idea of the security of a Cloud Service should be determined by the geographic location of the Corporate Headquarters of the provider is not one that makes much sense. We are all nato allies. We already share the most sensitive geopolitical and military data that you can have. Thats a little crazy to have legislators in one country and the other. Who rail about the insecurity data and headquarter companies. Not a good measure. Not a good proposal. Looking ahead we are now five weeks, six weeks into 2024. How is the rest of that youre looking for you . Whats on the roadmap . Any moon shots . Were not going to the moon. What is on the roadmap we should be thinking about for 2024 . We are encouraged by how we made it through 2023 and 2022 is very challenging headwinds for our business and every business for a couple of years. We sort of address our cost structure the direction of our business. Regionalized our logistics will deliver to customers with products that are closer to them. And get to them faster, cheaper and more sustainable. And so that work is still underway and that is very exciting. He asked that question about what opportunity is left at amazon . Post a pandemic even. The percentage of Online Shopping versus retail is less than 20 . Its going to rise over time and the percentage only five or so is in the cloud. So just on those businesses there is a ton of potential to continue growing. Tell me more customers we can serve. We translate that into our favorite groceries are pharmacies that are just starting their journey. And then when you get out of those two more established places you look at our project to launch 3200 plus low earth orbit satellites so we can provide a worldwide Broadband Service focused on rural communities. We are very excited about that. The prototype test. And they worked better than expected to work. With the first order was placed losing those satellites. Its very exciting. We are going to go into production on those satellites in 2024. Well be doing a lot of launches. We have this company which i am incredibly optimistic about. We bought it a few years ago. Led by some Visionary People who are pioneering electric vehicles that will be at thomas. And so there are moon shots. Weve only scratched the surface with one medical with innovations working with one medical. So as usual at amazon theres a lot of investments. I have never been more optimistic about it. Great last question in 30 seconds we have left together. What do you need from iti . What does the industry need from iti as we address these policy challenges . And let every innovation bloomberg. First of all have to thank ici. It is another voice working closely with policymakers and communities so we dont get to always touch. To explain and help the educational process about what technology does. How we think about it but how we can regulate it without inhibiting information. That is a hugely important part of the policy and you guys are hugely important part to and want to thank you for that i. Think i wound up appreciate your partnership thank you for being with us on the stage today please join me in thanking david. Thank you. [applause]