In 1849 it took the clipper ship flying cloud 89 days to reach San Franciscos golden gate harbor from new york. In the spring of 1945, no point on earth was more than 40 flying hours away from San Francisco. In those 100 years, San Francisco grew larger as the world grew smaller. It developed into a vigorous and k k cosmopolitan center. For nine weeks in the spring of 1945, San Francisco was the center of mens hopes for lasting peace. De delegates came to San Francisco on april 25th, 1945 respecting almost 2,000 Million People all at war when the conference was begun. They came with hope, born of common struggle. They dime design together machinery to end a war. A curse that in 30 years killed 40 million human beings. Countless millions more, armed and unarmed were maimed. When the conference convened, Franklin Roosevelt was missing. The man that helped weld the United Nations together as a team, and helped to keep them united died before he could see him dream come true. But his words were in every mind and heart. 25 years ago, to finish the work of peace for which they fought. We failed. We failed them, and we cannot fail them again. And expect the world to survive again. President truman, roosevelros friend and successor, opened it to the radio. It is not the purpose of this to extract a treaty of peace in the old sense of that term. This conference will devote its energies and labors exclusively to the single problem of setting up the essential organization to keep the peace. You are the fundamental charter. As the delegates broke up that first night, the task before them was clear. To chart the course for realistic International Cooperation to preserve peace. This was the responsibility vested in them by a war weary world. It was for this they had gathered at the invitation of the government of china for Great Britain and the united states. Plans for at casa blanca. Delegates from 46 and later 50 nations were there. But there in spirit, too, were the victims of shanghai and more. The hopes of the living and the dead were concentrated in the hands of the representatives meeting in San Francisco. Together they organized a huge problem ahead of them. The discussion prepared, each nature represented at all four to work out the provixs of the United Nations charter and the structure of the General Assembly, Security Council, and you dishl organization. These committees were divided into smaller working groups. 12 in all. Chinese, english, russian, french, and spanish with the standard means of exchange. And in nine weeks the charter was ready to go before the participating governments for ratification. In the General Assembly of the United Nations organization, each member will have one vote. Any matters within the scope of the charter will be discussed here. Recommendations will be made to the Security Council. The Security Council will have five permanent members, and six others elected by the General Assembly for two years if is to be the enforcement arm of the organization. An International Court of justice in permanent session will decide legal aspects of international disputes. The economic and social council will organization will be afiluated with it. The advancement of territories will be part of the General Assembly. It will be equally divided. There will be a secretariuate to do the administrative work. These provisions were not easily arrived at. They were hammered out, stretched and compromised. The result is a constitution that is at the same time an expression of high ideals and practical measures. It includes the activeization f people everywhere. To fulfill the nations of charter, bring about free world trade, and bring about mans productive resources, men and women of good will everywhere must come to know and understand one another. In this charter, humanity has declareds is purpose to work for those economic goals. The social and Economic Council gives people a instrument for a higher standard of living everywhere. Through their delegates, the member nations pledge to use that instrument. It is an exstrange of culture among peoples, and to practice tolerance and live together with peace as good neighbors. 50 United Nations without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. Representatives of 2,000 Million People pledge to promote free for fear and freedom of expression. Freedom from want, and freedom of worship. The second week of the conference brought the news of a common enemy. But in their wake their left horror and devastation. The price of total war, that would haunt civilization for decades to come. Strong machinery must guarantee that generations will be spared such destruction. Therefore at San Francisco they settle their disputes by peaceful means. To suppression aggression and pledged to place their arms at the disposal of the international organization. For speedy combined action, air forces will be held immediately available. Final responsibility is vested in the powerful Security Council authorized to work swiftly and effectively with the aide of its military staff committee. It had the unanimous approval of the participating delegates. They have the charter of the United Nations, including the International Court, and also of the agreement of interim arrangements. May i invite the leaders of delegations, who are in favor of the approval of the charter, and the agreement and interim arrangements to rise in their places and are good enough to remain standing. This was a peoples conferen conference. Here in the midst of war, the worlds people collaborated in the drafting of a workable international constitution. It was a conference to write a peoples charter, opening with the words we the people of the United Nations, determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, has brought untold sorrow to mankind. I think we lost them for now, anyway. It was a peoples conference and a soldiers conference. Meeting under the eyes of veterans of two wars. And the generation that must suffer if the constitution fails. Common people and their governments alike are aware of the stakes. There were many that doubted that an agreement could be raechraec reached by these 50 countries. Differing so much in race, religion, language, and culture. But these differences were all forgotten. In one uncheckable unity of determination to find a way to end wars. This charter points the way. But whether or not the world is to move in that direction will depend on the vigilance and the sovereign will of the peoples of the world. Every saturday at 8 00 a. M. Eastern on American History tv go inside of a Different College classroom and hear about topics ranging from the american revolution, civil rights, and u. S. President s to 9 11. Thanks for your patience and for logging into class. With more campuses closed due to the impact of coronavirus, watch professors transfer to a virtual setting to engage with their students. Reagan met him halfway, reagan encouraged him, reagan supported him. Freedom of the press that we will get to later, they originally called it the freedom of the use of the press and it is the freedom to print and publish things. Its not a freedom for what we refer to institutionally as the press. Every saturday at 8 00 p. M. Eastern. Lectures in history is also available as a podcast. Find it where you listen to pod casts. Weeknights this month were featuring American History tv programs as a preview of what is available every weekend on cspan three. Tonight programs on the military. Traveling to northeastern france to tour two battlefields where american and French Forces fought in the spring of 1918 to stop a german offensive in paris. That starts at 8 00 p. M. Eastern. Enjoy American History tv every weekend on cspan 3. Youre watching American History tv every weekend on cspan three. Explore our nations past. Creating by americans Cable Television cleans. Tuesday morning former fbi Deputy DirectorAndrew Mccabe testifies on the fbi russia investigation in a hearing before the Senate Judiciary committee hearing. Online at cspan. Org, or listen live on the free cspan radio app. The United Nations charter was signed on yun 26th. Up next, the United Nations and disputes, they found the founding of the United Nations. Higig