The candidates need no introduction the republican candidate richard nixon, and the democratic candidate the candidate center john of kennedy. According to the rules set aside by the candidates himself. Each candidate will. In this the first discussion of a series of four join appearances, the subject matter has been agreed and is being restricted to internal or domestic american matters and now for the first open statement by john f. Kennedy in this election of 1860, Abraham Lincoln said the question was could this nation exist. In the election of 1916 with the world around us the question is whether world will exist whether it will move in the direction of freedom, and the direction of the road that we are taken or whether well move in the direction of slavery i think it will depend on what we do and here in the United States and the kind of strength that we maintain we still discuss tonight domestic issues. We want any implication to be given that this did not. Mr. Khrushchev is in new york and he maintains the communist offensive throughout the world. Because of the productive destructive war power of the soviet union themselves. Communist chinas communist and i was at a house publishing but they are dangerous now. The kind of country we have here is the kind of society we have the kind of strength we build in the United States will be for defensive freedom. We do well here if we meet our obligations, if were moving ahead and i think freedom will be secure around the world. If we fail, and freedom fails. Therefore i think the question is for the american, people are we doing as much as we can . Are we strong as we should be . Are we as strong as we must be if we are to maintain our independence . And if were going to maintain and hold off the hand of friendship for those who ask us for assistance, or survival i should make it very clear that i dont think were doing enough. Im not satisfied as an american of the progress that we are making. This is a great country, but i think it could be a greater country and this is a powerful country but i think it could be a more powerful country. Im not satisfied to have 50 of our female capacity unused. Im not satisfied with the United States had the lowest rate of Economic Growth of any major industrialized society in the world. Because Economic Growth means strength and vitality. It means were able to sustain our offensive. These were b. O. L. O. Can maintain our commitments abroad. Im not satisfied when we have over nine billion dollars of food rotting. Even though there is a hungry world and even though for million americans wait every month for a food package from the government which averages five cents a day per individual. I saw cases in West Virginia here in the United States where children took home part of their school lunch in order to feed the families because i dont think were meeting our obligations to towards these americans. Im not satisfied when the soviet union is turning out twice as many scientists and engineers as we are im not satisfied when many of our teachers are inadequately paid, when our children go to school in parttime shifts. I think we should have an educational system second to none. Im not satisfied when i see men like jimmy haifa in charge of the Largest Union in the United States still free. Im not satisfied when we are failing to develop the Natural Resources. Here in the United States which and the grand coolly another dance in the northwestern United States. At the present rate of hydro power production, that is the hallmark of an industrialized society. Soviet union by 1975 will be producing more Nuclear Power than we are. These are all the things that i think in this country make our Society Strong or make it standstill. Im not satisfied until every american enjoys is full constitutional rights. A neat row baby is born and will Puerto Ricans in mexicans. He has about one half as much chance to get through high school as a white baby. He is one third as much chance to get to college as a white student. He has about as third as much a chance to be a professional man, about half as much chance of owning a house. He has about four times as much as to be out of work uttering his life is a. Baby i think we can do better. I dont want the challenge of any american to go to. West waste i think theres things people who say we can turn everything over the government. I dont think it. All i want the states to meet their responsibilities but i think there is also a national responsibility. The argument has been used against every piece of social legislation in the last 25 years. People in the United States individually cannot of developed kennedy valley, collectively they couldve. A cotton farmer in georgia or peanut farmer or dairy farmer in wisconsin or miss minnesota. He cannot protect himself against the forces of supply and demand in the marketplace. But working together in effect of Governmental Program he can. 17 million americans who live over 65 on an average Social Security check of about 78 dollars a month, theyre not able to sustain themselves individually but they can sustain themselves through the Social Security system. I dont believe in big government, i believe in in fact in a fact of governmental action and i think thats the only way the United States is gordon maintain its freedom. The only way that were gonna move ahead. I think we can do a better job. I think were going to have to do a better job if we are going to nato meet the responsibility that time has placed upon us. We cannot turn the job over to anyone else. If the United States fails, and the whole cause of freedom fails. I think it depends on great measure and what we do here in this country. The reason Franklin Roosevelt was a great neighbor in latin america, was because he was a Good Neighbor for the United States. Because they felt that the American Society was moving again, i want us to recapture that image. I want people in latin america and african asia to look to america to see how we are doing things. To wonder what the president of the american and United States is doing, and not looked a crucial, or the chinese communists. That is the obligation upon our generation. 1933, Franklin Roosevelt says in his inaugural this generation of american as a rendezvous with destiny. I think our generation of american has the same rendezvous. The question is now, will freedom be maintained under the most severe tactic it ever known, i think it can be. And i think in the final analysis itll depend on what we do here. I think its time america started moving again. And now, the Opening Statement by Vice President richard and nixon. Senator kennedy. The things that senator kennedy has said, many of us can agree. There is no question but that we can not discuss our internal affairs in the United States without recognizing that they have a tremendous bearing on our international position. There is no question that with this nation cannot stand still because we are in a deadly competition, competition not only with the man in the kremlin but the man in peeking china. Were ahead in this competition, but when you are in a race, the only way to stay ahead as to move ahead. And i subscribe completely to the spirit of senator kennedy has expressed tonight, the spirit that the United States should move ahead. One of them do we disagree . I think we disagree on edge on the implication of his remarks tonight and the statement that he is made on many occasions during this campaign. To the effect that the United States has been standing still. We heard tonight the statement made that our growth and National Product last year was the lowest of any industrial nation. Now last year of course was 1958, that happened to be a road a recession year. But when we look at the growth of gm see this year, a year of recovery, we see there it was six and nine tenths percent and one of the highest in the world to date. More about that later. Looking then to this problem of how the United States should move ahead, and where the United States is moving, i think it is well that we take the advice of a very famous campaigner. As the United States standing still . Is it true that this administration senator kennedy has charged, is an administration of retreat and defeat of stagnation . Is it true that as far as this country is concerned, in the field of electric power and all of the feels if he is mentioned, we have not be moving ahead . But we have a comparison that we can make. We have the record of the Truman Administration for seven and a half years and four seven and a half years of the Eisenhower Administration. Two when we compare these two records, as senator kennedy has discussed tonight i find that we have been moving ahead. Lets take schools. We have built more schools in these last seven and a half years then we built in the previous 20 years. Lets take hydroelectric power, we have developed more hydroelectric power in the last seven and a half years than was developed in any Previous Administration in history. Let us take hospitals, we find that more have been built in this administration than previous. The same is true of highways. Lets put it in terms of what we can all understand we often hear gnp, in that respect when we compare the growth in this administration with that of the Previous Administration, that then there is a total growth of 11 over seven years in this administration there has been a total growth of 19 in seven ears. That shows theres been more growth in this administration and then its pad predecessor. Lets put it in terms of the average family. We find that your wages have gone up five times a the Eisenhower Administration, what about the prices you pay . The prices you pay went up five times as much as the Truman Administration as the eisenhower, what is the net result . This means that the average Family Income went up 15 in the eisenhower years against 2 of the truman years. This is not standing still. But as good as this record is, may i emphasize, it is not enough. A record is never something to stand on. It is something to build on. And in building on this record, i believe that we have, we know the way to progress. I think first of all our own records prove that we know the way. Senator kennedy has suggested he knows the way. I respect his sincerity of which he says that, but on the other hand, we look at the various programs offered, we do not seem to see anything new. They are retreads of a program of the Truman Administration which proceeded. I would suggest that during the course of the evening he might indicate those areas in which this program are new. What kind of programs are we for . We are four programs that will expand educational opportunities, that will build all americans and given their equal chance for education and all of the things that are necessary and dear to the hearts for people. We are four programs that are for medical care for the aged, and they are much better handled than at the time. May i indicate that senator kennedy and i are not in disagreement as to the aim, we both want to help the old people. We want to see that they do have adequate medical care, the question is the means. I think the means is i could give better examples, but for whatever it is whether it is for housing, health, medical care, schools, the development of electric power, we have programs. Which we believe will move americans. Move America Forward and build on wonderful record that we have made over the last seven and a half years. When we look at these programs, might i suggest that in evaluating them we often have a tendency to say that the test of a program is how much you spent. I will concede that in all the areas to which i have referred, senator kennedy would have the federal government spend more than i would ever spent. I costed out to the democratic platform. It runs a minimum of 13 and two tenths billion dollars or more to a maximum of 18 billion dollars a year more than were presently spending. The republican platform will cost more to. It will cost a minimum of four billion dollars a year more and a maximum of four nine tenths billion dollars or more than presently spent. Does this mean his program is better than ours . Not at all. It is not a question of how much the federal government spends, it isnt a question of which government does the most, its a question of which administration does the right thing. And in our case, i do believe that our programs will stimulate and create energy of 180 million free americas. I believe the programs that senator kennedy advocates will have a tendency to stifle those creative energies. I believe, in other words, that his programs would lead to the stagnation of the power that we need this country to get by. The final point that i would like to make is this, senator kennedy has suggested that in his speeches that we lack compassion for the poor, for the old, and for others that are unfortunate. Let us understand throughout this campaign that his motives and mine are sincere. I know what it means to be poor. I know what it means to see people who are unemployed. I know senator kennedy feels deeply about these problems as i do. But our disagreement is not about the goals for america but only about the means to reach these goals. Thank you, mister nixon, that completes Opening Statements and now candidates will answer questions and comments on each others answers. Nbc news, i am charles warren. I am stewart, cbs news. Abc news. The first question to senator kennedy. Senator the Vice President in the Campaign Says you are die even at times immature and like leadership. On this issue, why do you think people should vote for you rather than Vice President . The Vice President and i came to congress together 1946, we both served in labor committee, ive been here now for 14 years the same amount of time he has. Our experience in government is comparable. Secondly, i think the question is, what are the programs that we advocate . What is the party record . I come out of the democratic party, in this century has produce would roll wilson, Franklin Roosevelt, harry truman and which supported insisting these programs that ive discussed tonight. Nixon comes out of the republican party. He was nominated by. It and it is a fact that in the last 25 years, the Republican Leadership has opposed federal aid for education, medical care, development of the tennessee valley, development over national resources. I think mr. Nixon is an effective leader of his party, i hope he would grant me the same. The question before us is, which point of view and which party do we want to leave the United States . Mr. Nixon, which i like to comment . The next question. Mister Vice President , your campaign stresses the value of your experience and the question arises whether that experience was as mobs are four or as a participant or initiator of policymaking. Would you tell us please, what major proposals you have made in the last eight years, that has been adopted by the administration. It would be rather difficult to cover them into the half minutes. I would suggest that these proposals could be mentioned. First, after each of my foreign trips ive made recommendations that have been adopted. For example, after my first trip abroad, i strongly recommended that we increase our Exchange Programs as they related to exchange of persons and leaders in the labor field and information field. After my trip to selfamerica, i made recommendations that a separate Lending Agency be set up with the south american nations would like much better than to participate in the lending agencies that treated all the countries the same. Ive made other recommendations after each of the other trips, after my trip to hungry and made simmered commendations with regard to the hungarian refugee situation which were adopted by the president and some of them were enacted into law by the congress. Then the administration, the chairman of the president s committee on priced ability in Economic Growth, ive had the opportunity to make recommendations which have been adopted it in the administration and which i think have been reasonably effective. I know senator kennedy suggest that that committee has not been particularly effective, i would suggest that while we do not take the credit for, i would not presume to, but since that committee has been formed, the price line has been held very well within the United States. I would say the latter, thats what i found unsatisfactory, that you used in your previous speech. When you talk about the Truman Administration, mr. Truman came to office in 1940, 1944, the end of the war. And the difficulties that were facing the u. S. During that transition, so it is rather difficult to use overall figures, and compare them to the last eight years. I am prepared to take the old percentage records of lost 20 years of the democrats and the ears of the republicans to show the overall period of growth. With regards to price stability, im not aware that that committee did produce recommendations, certainly before the congress. As far as exchange of students, i am chairman of the subcommittee of africa and i think one of the most unfortunate policies towards that country is the minute number of exchanges we have. I think it is true of latin america also, we came forward with a program for the students of the congress, which was for 300 which was more than african had in the previous year. I dont think we have moved sufficiently in those two areas. The next question to senator kennedy. Senator kennedy, during your speech a few minutes ago you mentioned farm surpluses. I would like to ask this, is a fact that the president ial candidates traditionally make promises to farmers, lots of people dont understand why the government pays farmers for not producing certain crops or paying farmers if they overproduce. Let me ask you, why cant the farmer operate like the businessman who are like a factory. If you overproduce a certain car, the government doesnt step in and buy the surplus. Why the courting of the former . If the federal government moved out of the program, then i think you have economic chaos. The farmer plants in the spring in harvest in the fall, hundreds of thousands of them. We are not able to clear troll that climate very well. They bring their claw many of them about the same time, they only have a few purchasers to buy their milk or hawks, Large Companies sometimes. The farmers knotted any position to bargain in the marketplace. I think the experience of the twenties has shown what a free market to can do to agricultural market. And if that collapses, the u. S. Economy will collapse. The farmers are the number one market. The automobile market is for steele. The farmers economy continues to decline sharply as it has been recently years, then you have a recession for the rest of the country. I think the case for Government Intervention is a good one. Secondly, my objection is there is no effective controls to bring supply and demand into better balance. The cropping of support price is not work. We now have the highest surpluses, nine billion dollars worth, we have a higher tax load from the treasury in the last few years and the lows from income. I think this Foreign Policy has failed. My judgment, the only policy that will work will be for effective supply and band. And that could only be done through governmental action. I therefore suggest, in those basic commodities which are supported, that the federal government after endorsement of the farmers in that commodity attempt to bring supplying demand into balance. Attempt to have effective production controls. We wont have the five or 6 surplus. I think mr. Nixons program has failed. I have to say after rereading the Vice President s speech, i dont believe it is very different. I dont think it provides governmental control. I think the support prices are tied to the average market price for the last three years. Therefore, i do not believe that this is a sharp enough breach from the past to give us successful the future. Mr. Nixon, comment . I disagree with senator kennedy as so far as his suggestion as to what should be done on the farm program. He has made the suggestion that what we need is to move in the direction of more government controls. A suggestion that would also mean raising prices that the consumers pay for products and imposing upon the farmers controls on acreage more than they have today. I think this is the wrong direction. I think this is has not worked in the past it will not work in the future. The program ive advocated is one that departs from the present program that we have in this respect, it recognizes that the government has responsibility to get the farmer out of the trouble he is in because the government got him into it. That is the fundamental reason why we cant let the farmer go by himself. With the farmer produces the surpluses because the government asked him to. Now that we have the surpluses, it is our responsibility to condemn the farmer during that period, that we get rid of those surpluses. Until we get those surpluses off the farmers backs, we should have a program such as i announced which would have the farm income going up. But i would propose making that go up, not by making a program like kennedy suggests. But one which would identify the farmer, pay the farmer in kind from the products hes. Sir next question to Vice President nixon. Mister Vice President since the question of executive leadership is a very Important Campaign issue, i like to follow mr. Novaks question. Now Republican Campaign slogans see them on signs around the country, thats experienced accounts. The picture of yourself. Some climate had more governmental executive decisionmaking experience than your opponent. On august 24th president eisenhowers asked give one example of a major idea of yours that he had gotten. He said and i quote if you give me one if you give me a week, i will give you one. I dont know which one is his correct one put out by government the eisenhower. If you know the president that was probably a facetious remark. I would also suggest that in so far as his statement was concerned, i think that will be improper of the president of the United States to disclose the entrances and which his official family had made recommendations as i have throughout the years to him which he is accepted or rejected. The president has always maintained that he is entitled to get what advice he wants from his cabinet or from his other visors and not exposing that anybody else. That includes members of congress. Now i can only say this. Through the years, ive sat on the National Security council, i beating cabinet, ive met with a legislative leaders, ive met with the president when you make the great decisions regarding other matters, the president has asked for advice. I have given it sometimes, and sometimes it is being taken, sometimes that it has been a. Ive not said that ive made the decisions and i would say that no president should ever let anyone else to make the major decisions. The president only makes the decisions. All his advisers do is Given Council when he asked for it. As far as what experience counts and whether that is experience accounts, that isnt for me to say. I can only say that my experience is there for the people to consider, and senator kennedys is there to consider. He pointed out that his experience has been different from mine, mine has been in the executive branch, has it been in the legislative branch. I would say that the people now have the opportunity to excel evaluate his against mine, and i will abide what the people decide. Mr. Kennedy will all just say that the question is of experience. The question is on what our judgment is of the future. What our goals are for the United States and the ability we have to implement those goals. Abraham lincoln came to the presidency in 1860 after a rather little known a tenure in i go representatives. There are no guarantees if you take the one road or another yield that you will be a successful president. Ive been in congress for 14 years. I have voted in the last eight years, the Vice President was presiding over the senate. I have met decisions over 800 times in effect not only domestic security the United States the question really is, what candidate and which parties gonna meet the problems that the United States is gonna meet. The next question to senator kennedy from mr. Novus. Well the program the enunciate it earlier. You call for stemming some of the welfare problems to schools, teacher salaries, medical care, and so forth. But you also called for reducing the federal debt and im wondering how you if youre elected in january would go about paying the bill for all of this. I did not advocate reducing that because i dont believe youll be able to reduce the debt. We have heavy obligations that affect our security, so therefore ive never suggested that wed be able to retire the debt substantially or even at all in 1961. But you see you suggested that reducing the Interest Rate would help. The in reducing Interest Rate in my judgment, the hard money, the fiscal policy of this administration has contributed to the slowdown in our economy that is helped bring the recession a 54 which made the recession of 58 rather intense, which is slower Economic Activity in 1960. What im talking about however and im talking about are fiscally sound. Medical care for the aged i would put on their Social Security. Vice president and i disagree on this. Program then get the nixon javids program. 600 Million Dollars by the government prayer and 600 Million Dollars by the. State a program which i advocated which failed by five votes in the United States senate it. It wouldve been paid for through the socially Security System in the Social Security tax. Secondly, i support federal federal aid to education and teaching salaries. I think thats a good investment. I think were gonna have to do it and i. I think to keep the burden heavily on the property tax which is already strain in many communities. That will provide in my opinion that many of our children will not be adequate inadequately educated. Theres no greater return to an economy or to a society and an educational cissie cyst in the second to none. And the question of the development of Natural Resources. I would pay as you go, in the sense that they would be balanced and would bring back sufficient money to finance the projects in the same way the tennessee valley. I believe in the balance button and the only conditions under which i would under balance the budget is if there was a Grave National emergency or a serious recession. Although that with a steady Economic Growth, 5 Economic Growth by 1962, 10 Million Dollars extra in tax revenue. Whatever is brought in, i think we can finance essential programs within a balanced budget. I think what mr. Nova is referring to was not mr. Kennedy speeches for the democratic democratic platform. I think to that it should be pointed out that of course is not possible to either cut the National Debt or reduce national taxes. Its a matter of fact, it will be necessary to raise taxes. As senator kennedy points out, but one for medical care for the aid, that will be financed out of Social Security. That however is raising taxes for those who pay Social Security. He points out that we may pay as you go basis for a Natural Resources development. For a Natural Resources development which i also support a bill, whenever you appropriate money, you have to pay now, and appropriate the money and way eventually do a payout, it does mean the government has to put out the money this year. So i would say that all these proposals that senator kennedy is made, they will result in one of two things. Either he has to raise taxes or has to unbalance the budget. If you and balances the budget, that means you have inflation that will be a very cruel blow to the very people that were talking about. As far as age for School Construction is concerned, i favor that as senator kennedy did in january this year when he said i favor that because i believe thats the best way to aid our schools without running any risk whatever a federal governments telling our teachers what to do. Next question to Vice President nixon from mr. Wallace. Mister Vice President , you mentioned schools just yesterday. I think you offered a Crash Program to raise as occasion standards. And you talk about the fact in education. Mister Vice President , he said it was back in 1957 that salaries paid to School Teachers were nothing short of a national disgrace. Higher salaries for teachers were important and if the situation wasnt corrected it lead to a national disaster. Yet he refused to vote in the senate in order to break a tie vote when that same vote wouldve granted if it was yes wouldve granted a salary augmentation to teachers. You know i got into that my last question i was unable to complete my argument. I think the reason that i voted against having the federal government pay teacher salaries was the very reason that concern senator carry in january of this year when he kicked off that conference, he favored aid for School Construction but at that time did not feel that there should be aid for teacher Salaries Police thats the way i read his remarks. So why should there be any question about raising teacher salaries. Why do i take it, now why did he take it . Then we both took at them and i take it now for this reason. We want higher teacher salaries. We need higher teacher salaries. But we also honor education to be free federal control. When the federal government gets the power and pay teachers, inevitably in my opinion it will require the power set standards and tell teachers what to. Teacher think would be bad for the country, they could be bad for the teaching and profession. Theres another point that should be made. I favor higher tolerance in the future. One thing the center carrie said in january this year at the same conference, the way the eu get higher salaries is to support School Construction which means that all the local School Districts in the various states then have money which is free to raise the standards of teacher salaries. I should also point out this. Once you put the responsibility on the federal governments for paying a portion of teacher salaries, your local communities and your states are not going to meet the responsibility as much as they should. I believe in other words that locals communities and state should assume more of that responsibility. Teacher salaries very fortunately have gone up 60 in the last eight years as against only a 34 rise for other salaries. This is not enough. It should be more. But i do not believe that the way to get more salaries for teachers is to have the federal government get in with the program. My objection here is not the cost, my objection here has the potential cost in control and eventual freedom for the American People by giving the federal government power over education and that is the greatest power a government can have. Senator kennedy. The Vice President approached me in 1960, i dont believe that the federal government should pay teacher salaries. The issue before the senate was that the money would be given in the state, the state then could determine whether the money would be this set for School Construction or teacher salaries. And that question, a Vice President and i disagree. I voted in favor that proposal, i supported strongly and i think it is so gave it is on that phone and mr. Nixon and i disagree and his tie vote to defeat it, broke the tie voted defeated. If the money would go to the state and the state can and determine whether to go for schools construction or for teacher salary, then in my opinion you protect the local authority over the school and the school committee. Therefore i think it was a sound proposal and thats why i supported and i regret that it did not pass. There have been statements made to democratic platform that is totally wrong, totally inaccurate and it is a fact that in the last eight years Democratic Congress has reduced appropriation by over ten billion dollars. Its not my view and i thought i stated very clearly in the record. My view is you can view these programs and then a balanced budget until our economy is booming. Again the next question to senator kennedy from mr. Vinyl. Senator, youve been promising the voters that if you are elected as president , your plan to push to congress, bills on medical aid to the aged, comprehensive minimum our wage. When you at least of the possibility that you could be president and youve had overwhelming majority you, could not get action on these bills, how do you feel that youll be able to get them in january. If i may take the bills to get passed through the senate, a dollar 25 minimum wage, failed because the house did not passing a fail by the 11 votes. Two thirds of the republicans in the house voted against a dollar 25 minimum wage, and a majority of democrats voted for. We were threatened to pass a dollar and a quarter to pass any bill. All the president needs to sustain a veto on any bill as one third plus one on of the house in the senate. Think about, we passed the educational bill in the senate, it failed coming to the house of representatives, who was killed. Is a fact of the session not before members of the Rural Community turning with two democrats sending the education more for. Four democrats voted for, every republican on the Ruling Committee voted against setting up bill. Clearly, medical care for the aged. This is the same fighters being long after 25 years. We wanted to tie to Social Security. We offered an amendment to do so 44 democrats voted for one republican 40 for it. If it was adopted the president of the United States would veto it. In my judgment, a vigorous democratic president supported by the majority in the house in the senate can win the support for these bills. If you send a republican president and democratic majority instead of veto hangs over the congress, in my judgment you will continue what happened in the august session which is a clash of parties and in action. Mr. Nixon. Well obviously my views are little different. First of all, i dont see how its possible for a one third of a body such as the republicans have an house in the senate to stop two thirds of two thirds are adequately set. I would say that theyre a Democrat Select Committee or republicans. We seem to me again it is very difficult to blame the four republicans or the eight democrats not getting something through that particular committee. I would say further that the blame the president and his veto power or the senator and his colleagues to get action on this, misses the mark. When the president exercises his veto power, he has to have the people behind him not just a third of the congress if image already other members of congress felt that these particular proposal were good issue why did they pass that and have a veto . The reason why these particular bills and various deals were not passed was not because the president were against them, its because the people were against them. Because they were too extreme. I am can fist thats the proposal i have, the republicans have, in education, health, and welfare, because they are not extreme. Because they will accomplish the end without two great costs in dollars or in freedom that they could get through. The next question, to Vice President nixon. Mister Vice President , do i take it then that does it work better with democratic majority in the house of senate . I would say this, we expect to pick up in the house, we would hope to control the house, to get a majority in the house in this election. We cannot of course control the outcome. I would say that a president will be able to lead, able to get his programs through to the effect if he has the support of the country, the support of the people. Sometimes we get the opinion, but getting programs through the house for senate is legislative finagling, it really isnt that. Whenever a majority of the people are for a program, the house and the Senate Response and whether this house and senate is democratic or republican, if the country will have voted for that candidate or the proposals that he has made, i believe that you will find that the president would be able to get his program through that congress. Now, i also think as far as senator kennedys proposals, that again, the question is not simply one of a president ial veto program. We must always remember that a president cannot stop this unless he has the people behind him. The reason president eisenhowers vetos been sustained, the reason that congress has not sent up bills they think will be vetoed, is because the people and the Congress Know that the country is behind the president. Lets look at these deals. When was a bill for a dollar 25 cents for anyone who works in this company in 1 Million Dollar a year business. I do not think that is extreme at all. And then you have two thirds to to force of the republicans in the house of representatives voted against it. Secondly, the federal aid education. It was a defeat of teacher salary, it did not hit the need, the fact of the matter is it was a deal that was less than you recommended this morning in your proposal. It was not an extreme deal. And yet we could not get one republican to join, at least four of the eight democrats voted voted, not one republican, i dont think the democrats were united in support of this program. I do say majority are. And majority of republicans voted. The third is medical care for the aged which is tied to Social Security which is financed of Social Security funds, that is not the democrat on the treasury. 600 millions of dollars, mr. Rockefeller rejected and new york, he didnt agreed to the financing, these are three programs that are moderate. I think it shows the difference between the two parties, one party is ready to move and the other party is not. Questions for senator kennedy . On another subject, communism is so often described as an ideology that believes somewhere other than the United States, let me ask you, just how serious of threats to our National Security of these communist subversive activities in the u. S. Today . I think theyre serious, i think its a matter that we should continue to give great care and attention to, we should support the laws of the u. S. Has passed in order to protect us from those who destroy us from within and we should sustain the department of justice in its efforts and the fbi. We should continually be alert. I think the United States has maintained a Strong Society here in the u. S. I think that we can meet any internal threat. Any major threat is external, and we will continue. Mr. Nixon, on that. I agree with senator kennedy s appraisal generally in this respect. The question of communism within the u. S. Has been one that has worried us in the past, it is one that will continue to be a problem for years to come. We have to remember that the cold war that mr. Coach f is waging and his colleagues are raging are waging all over the world. It is waging here in the United States. That is why we have to continue to be alert. It is also essential in being lured that we be fair. Fair because by being fair we uphold the very freedoms that the communist want to destroy. We uphold the standards of conduct that they would never follow. And in this connection, i think that we must look to the future. Having in mind the fact that we fight communism at home, not only by our laws to deal with communists, the few who do become communist, if you do become fellow travelers. But we also fight communism at home by believing against those various injustices which exist in our society, which the communists feed upon. And that connection i again would say, well senator kennedy says we are for the status quo. I do believe that he would agree that i am just as sincere in my proposals for federal aid and education, health care, are just as concerned as his. The question again is not one of goals, it is one of means. The questions for Vice President nixon . Mister Vice President , and one of your earlier statements you said youve moved ahead to bill barr schools and hospitals, isnt it true that building more schools in local matters or financing, that the Eisenhower Administration is responsible for the building of the schools and not the School Districts to provide for them . Not at all, it brings another point i am glad to make. Too often in appraising, whether we moving ahead or not, we think only of what the federal government is doing. Now that isnt the test of if america is moving, whether america moves is whether the federal government, plus the local government, plus estate governed, plus the biggest segment of all, enterprise how is that moving. We have a gross National Product of 500 billion dollars. Roughly 100 billion to 100 quarter billion of that is a result of government action. 400 billion approximately is a result of what individuals do. The reason the Eisenhower Administration has moved, the reason weve had the funds for example locally to build schools and hospitals and highways, to make the progress that we have is because the administration has encouraged individual enterprise. And it is a result of the greatest expansion of the private sector of the economy that has ever been witnessed eight year period. That is gross. That is the growth that we are looking for. It is the growth that this administration has supported. And that its police stand for. I must say, i think the reason that the schools have been constructed is because the local School Districts were willing to increase the property taxes to tremendously high figure. Almost a point of diminishing returns in order to sustain the schools. I think we have a richer country. And i think we have a powerful country. I think what we have to do is have the president and that leadership sit before our country and exactly what we should do the next decade if were going to maintain our security in education and Economic Growth and development of Natural Resources. Soviet union is making great gains, it is not enough to compare what weve done 20 years ago, i want to compare with what her adversaries are doing so that by 1970 the u. S. Is ahead in education, health, and building and homes. And economic strength. The the summation time, please. We have completed our questions and comments. We will have estimation time. We will allow three minutes and 20 seconds for the summation by each candidate. Three minutes for each candidate, Vice President nixon will you make the first comment . First of all, it is good to put in perspective where we really do stand with regard to the soviet union in this matter. The soviet union has been moving faster than we have. But the reason for that is obvious, they start from a much lower base. Although they have been moving faster in growth and we have, we find today that their total gm p is only 44 of our warm gnp, that is the same percentage that it was 20 years ago. As far as the absolute gap is concerned, we find that the u. S. Is even further ahead than it was 20 years ago. Is this any reason for complacency . Not at all. Because these are determined men. They are fanatical men. And we have to get the very most out of our economy. I agree with senator kennedy completely on that. Where we disagree is in the means that we would use to get the most out of our economy. I respectfully submit that senator kennedy to walk and would rely too much on the federal government on what it would do to silver problems, to stimulate growth. I believe that when we examine the democratic platform, when we examine the proposals that he is discussed tonight, when we compare them with the proposals that ive made, that these proposals that he makes would not result in greater growth for this country. And would be the case if we follow the programs that i have said here. There are many of the points that he is made that i would like to comment upon, the one in the field of health is worth mentioning. Our health program, the one that senator jab its an other republican senators supported, is one that provides for all people over 65 who want Health Insurance them, it provides a choice of having either Government Insurance or private insurance. But it compels nobody to have insurance who does not want it. His program under Social Security would require everybody who had Social Security to take governmental Health Insurance what he wanted it or not. It would not cover several Million People who are not covered by Social Security at all. Heres one place that i think our program does a better job than his. The other point that i would make is this, this downgrading of how much things cost, i think many of our people will understand better when they look at what happened when the Truman Administration, when theyre spending more money, we found savings over a lifetime eaten up by inflation. We found the people who could least afford it, people retired incomes, people on fixed incomes, we found them unable to meet their bills at the end of the month. It is essential that a man and president of this country, certainly stand for every program for growth. I stand for programs that mean growth. It is also essential that he not allow a dollar spent that could be better spent by the people themselves. Senator kennedy . The point was made by the Vice President nixon that the soviet productions only 44 of. I must say i want to make sure that it stays in that relationship. I dont want to see the day when its 60 of ours, 70, and then 75, and then 80 and all of the foursome power that it could bring to bear. In order to cause all this destruction. Secondly medical care, our program was amendment to the curve dale that presided assistance to all those who are not on Social Security, it is a very clear contract. In 1935 with the Social Security act was written 94 out of 95 republicans voted against it. Mr. Landed ran in 19 sick when we try to get it again, but this time for medical care, we saw the support of one republican in the senate on this occasion. Thirdly, i think the question before the American People, as they look at this country and has a look at the world around them, the goals the same for all of. America. Called. ,. ,. ,. ,. ,. Paula. Paula