So this was a time when, again, black people had to create their own community. So in this particular community, they built their homes, they had a business district. They had one school. They had their churches that everyone attended. There was a very closeknit community. What got the ball rolling here in chapel hill during the Civil Rights Movement was, after the greensboro sitin, there were a group of guys that got together and they decided that they needed to do something here in chapel hill to make change happen. That is where the chapel hill nine started. What made this movement different from those that were going on in other places was that this was led by high school students. Students got together, talked about it, and then they began planning for citizens and sit ins and marches. During the movement, they were subjected to namecalling. They were subjected to rock throwing. They were subjected to chemicals being poured on them, which would require hospitalization. We will take a look at the photo collection. These photos were taken by a photographer named jim wallace. He was able to take photographs during that movement and get into places where other people probably would not have been able to. Then he gave the photographs to the jackson center. This is one of my favorites because it has a wonderful love story behind it. This was taken on franklin street. They were sitting across an intersection. As you can see, the different signs they are holding up. The gentleman on your far left is bruce and the lady on the far right is ruby. At this time, we are talking about segregation and blacks and whites did not interact. But bruce, he was very much attracted to ruby. So he told ruby that he wanted to date her. Of course, ruby thought he was out of his mind. But he pursued her and they began dating. Of course, the parents were not in favor of this interracial couple. They thought trouble was going to follow it. But they continued to date one another. The parents realized there was nothing they could do about it. So bruce and ruby wound up getting married. It is just a wonderful love story that survived and came out of a movement and sustained past the movement. This photograph is another special photograph because this just shows you how young some of the people were who were actually marching and a part of the movement. This young girl and boy standing right here in the front, they are actually the younger sister and brother of ruby, who was in the first photograph, sitting across the intersection on franklin street. So when ruby would go out to be in the marches and things, her mother would tell them not to go out. Their mothers name was mama cat. Mama cat was amazing. She would always tell them not to go out. She said as soon she would leave to go to work, ruby would go. Not only would ruby go, but she would take her younger brother and sister. So this is another story of how the youth were very much a part of the Civil Rights Movement. This photo we are looking at now happened to take place on franklin street. It was a group of students doing a sitin. I remember when i was doing a workshop and this particular photograph was on a Powerpoint Presentation and we were talking to a group of fourth graders. Of course, they did not know what a sitin was and what was happening. But as we were showing this, one of the students gets up and says, thats my grandmother. We are all like, where . Where . He points to the young lady sitting right next to the police officer. We were all amazed. He was so proud that day. The teacher was proud, we were all proud. I always thought about his grandmother and what she was doing there at that moment. I always say, i bet she was never thinking about her grandson would be able to benefit from what she was doing then and that her grandson would actually see a photograph of his grandmother making change happen here in chapel hill. For me, i think just to continue to remember. Continue to tell the stories and not just push history under a rug or avoid talking about it. I believe we have to continue to talk about our past. Without the past, you have no future. We have to remember our past. If we dont want to repeat it. You know . We have to think about the things that have happened. If we dont want those things to happen again, we have to what can we do differently, how we be better . Announcer you can watch this programs on the history of communities across the country at cspan. Org citiestour. This is American History tv only cspan3. Next on history bookshelf, miriam pawel talks about the the crusades of cesar chronicleswhich she the life of cesar chavez. This program at the 2014 san antonio book festival