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Reverend marvelous the king called the appalling athlete apathy of burning help shatter some of that apathy sometime or other we are all going to have to stand on the be on the receiving end of a fire hose. Leaders of all free faiths decided they must do something, not just say something. And so many white clergymen were stopping from behind their pulpits and direct joining the ranks. Until then Church Action have been limited to a few fronts among the new orleans. It was three years ago that great three desegregation came of the deep. South happened here in new orleans. The battle developed within the White Community, those who saw disagreed segregation as an eventual audi with which to reach an accommodation. On the other side, those who shouted never. Many of them members of the rolled does legislature. City leadership track. As frequently happens in leadership vacuums, even in the streets of so sophisticated city is this one, violence overtakes reason. It happened in fact right here in new orleans. On that november day, teenagers protesting the desegregation of two Great Schools a few days before, moved downtown and making it unruly. Fire trucks backed up by police line scatter the crowd with billowing streams of water. What first it started as a lark turn into something mean and dangerous. The da desegregated schools themselves, women clutch babies in their arms and screamed epithets at u. S. Marshals escorting first grainy growth children into the school building. Many crying were directed at the minister who refused to attend the boycott of the school who took his child to the school. Never taunts from mrs. Raymond gabrielle refused to boycott. I have no sense of hatred. I dont feel this hatred that most of these people have in their hearts. Therefore, i feel that i am within my constitutional right as an american, its within my judgment if thats where he should go, im within my right. Until my judgment changes. Reaction in the state capital and baton rouge was a torrent of condemnation of the new orleans desegregation. The saw the governor jimmy davis did nothing to restrain injuring women. If i didnt live up to my obligations to be fair and keep our southern traditions, i think that my own father would come out of it out of his grave and sought my. Face all sorts of segregation or proposed many of them patently ridiculous. They died stillborn announced a year ago on a desegregating basis. This is the Largest Center of the catholic population in the south. Despite the clear ruling by the churches hierarchy, there were those catholics who challenged. Among them was this woman, who would open with embarrassing dramatize a should not lead to excommunication. God said he segregated. He considers segregation egregious. God forgives murder and adultery but he is very angry and he curses all who integrate. Another ex communicants, longtime undisputed boss of two counties, backstage draughtsman of segregation proposals. I say the leaders of the Catholic Church is bringing it into disgrace. What are the catholic people in new orleans to do about it . It is the simplest thing in the world. It will give us some trouble. But it will give them a whole lot more. All you have to do is shut that water off. And the moment a black child walks into the school, every decent loving parents should take the white child out of that school. There is today more of a reality of the eventuality of desegregation. What have been here three years ago particularly that image of a small group of screaming women, the paralysis of leadership led to the determination of other cities that they wanted none of that and they must prepare to avoid it. So that when desegregation came to atlanta, memphis, to nashville, dallas it was because of the Lessons Learned at little rock and reinforced by new orleans. Race hatred running ramp it and dozens of other places looking to avoid the same thing. Businessmen or you should have personal White Community to make the move. The games realized by blacks is in a public accommodations. The reaching of an accord has evolved demonstrations and negotiations. Take oklahoma city. Oklahoma city with its oil wells was basically a southern town. And here the very young led assaults, for five years they persisted and demonstrated at lunch counters, hotels, they want some small confessions. The dam broke, first a hotel venison goal restaurant and then another hotel, the better have been won peacefully. The youngsters celebrated. Next target, a segregated Amusement Park. The Naacp Youth Council demanded that it be integrated along with two other amusement centers. The owner met with the youngsters suggesting that one day week integration, a gradual change. I want to say that its not moral. And there have been several cases where situations such as mine have gone downhill, they integrated too quickly. Folks werent ready for it. And we are going to try and work it out over a period of time, what that time will be i cannot say. But we do want to impress upon you that demonstrations are not the answer. His answer came into sober faces, you Council Adviser says. I want to give him some facts he probably doesnt have. I cant have a i would like to go with some facts with you. Oklahoma has always been a leader for desegregation. The civil rights, down here in oklahoma we have given more cases to the Supreme Courts than any other part of america. And we were able to do it because of the whites and blacks of work together. Subsequent demonstrations at the Amusement Park turned the tide. The park was integrated. He says the move has cost him more than 1000 dollars a day in lost business. And now the lax who wanted integration are not supporting the bar. City manager, told the Department Heads that they would have to go alone. If you feel that you cannot a dear to this policy of the council, in all good faith, then i think you and i need to sit down and talk about it. I can realize what human nature is, i can sympathize with it, but nonetheless it might pose a problem. If you feel that im just charging your responsibilities, that you cannot act without prejudice or at least control it, we all have prejudices and frankly, we might as well face it, you are in the wrong business. Leader of the nonviolent but determined drive is a young boy or, the and aa cpp lawyer. Basically, construction work and federal work is pretty broad in oklahoma. Skilled and somewhat semi skilled is where we suffer quite a bit. This is an area that we are really concentrating on. Domestic and manual labor, its pretty wide open pretty liberal. What has happened in oklahoma city, integration with piece was not an accident. White and black leaders were determined that there would not become another jackson or birmingham. They realize today that is not utopia either. This area, some of it slums is one of the problems remaining. It has the making of an answer, responsible leaders on both. Sites they sit down with the mayor of the mayors unity relation committee. The chairman of the Community Relations committee, is a businessman who discuss the next major goal. Oklahoma city is in the throes of a development program. The first area will be on the east side. The knee grows are somewhat contained on the east side and theyre obviously there are pressures and this exists in oklahoma and other parts of the country. This pressure must be relieved it must be possible one way or another. For the new years to be able to expand. Almost everywhere across the nation mississippi voters have just nominated paul v. Johnson for governor, as Lieutenant Governor they looked at the total commitment to prevent the integration at the university of mississippi. They endorsed johnson by a large number they stood bathed in floodlights, and told to grandstand. I love mississippi. I love for people i respect our heritage. 24 hours later this became a battlefield riots and protests against the admission of james meredith. Battle scars still show, and the administration at the command post for the federal forces, and a blind target as a writer. The fires of violence or for scandals, when ross barnett, die hard segregationist, to stop those to comply with a federal court order to admit meredith. He personally blocked marriages enrollment. Barnett rationalized his action, with the obsolete concept and head state power. On september 30th, hundreds of u. S. Marshals, came to the campus. They came from the king with tear gas guns. An army trucks rolled in. And they were slipped into back stir hall. President Clinton Kennedy had brought in the National Guard. Youre responsible defiance of the governors office, was translated into violence on campus. Students gathered well wasted by and watch the film. Some students began throwing things, and an army truck was seven fire. James mccain ordered his men to retaliate with tear gas. State police pulled out. The campus was no longer guarded. Outside poured in. They opened fire on the marshals and several were group were wounded. And there were several army troops. Throughout the night, they rode around campus. And more trucks arrived and were hit with bombarded with objects. Windshields were smashed. By early morning, the battle was over. Two men were dead, an almost 200 injured. In the gray morning light, flames still flickered among the charred hunks of cars burned by riders. It was littered with rocks and blow can broken glass. Meredith was taken and enrolled. He was escorted to class by a federal marshal, while soldiers with six bayonet cruz nearby. He was admitted but never accepted. Even those who would prevent important imitated. Meredith later wrote that he was most the most segregated knee grow in america. However meredith still did receive his diploma. Meredith now plans to raise money in washington, to raise money for needs call needy students. Now tonight, and interpretive footnote from mississippi governor ross barnett, recorded especially for this program. Hello americans, youre witnessing one more chapter in what has been turned the television revolution. Information media including the tv networks, have publicized and traumatized the race issue, far beyond its relative importance. The three hour special program, and a degree of coverage recorded the august 28th march on washington. Underlying the fact that the american public, is being propagandist, by overemphasis. They raise issues, is a legitimate issue in america, and its upper coming, but the race issue has been presented to you how its been presented to you in recent months, is being used as a smoke screen to hide the biggest power grabbed in American History. Behind the headlines, and behind a newscasters interpretation, now the proposed legislation, lies a very great threat. An immediate threat, to the basic rights. And independents of all americans. All of you. Not really those of us who insist on a racially segregated social system, and have our own localities. The real goal are the conspiracies, which temps your emotions with this race issue, is concentration of all affected power, and the central governments in washington. You can see that the real issue at stake in america today, its centralization of power in washington, and not the race issue. One of the most certain effects of the revolution has been to change the pitcher that most rights upheld for the knee grows. And its hardly because sneakers are changing, but because whites many for the first time in memory, are being compelled to the knee grow. Hes not the wide eyed watermelon picking any of the coast guards. But back in louisiana and read point louisiana. Read point and montana, are not hot beds. They have been no rights, theyre not even any picketing. But the schools are integrated, they always have been. I can speak with authority on such matters because i grew up in a number of these long towns. Looking back i believe they were typical western towns, but nothing is typical to a boy. I thought our drugstore was unlike any other drugstore across the country. But the church picnics, institutions, unique to us. And the adventure of jumping from a barn window into a pile of hay, as you discovered fresh for each generation. As though its had ever been thought of before. In reality of course, we were simply typical. What we did what we wanted, and what we thought. And it is here, this act of thinking that is jermaine to this program. The knee grow is present in white, hallway went to high school. There were three needle boys. We were a fun for people, or at least our fathers were, and the tradition of judging each man by his merits, had by no means fared out. Even though the needle is outside our tradition, i think apart. In the sense we not really saw him, thats what we saw friends. We never looked honestly at me grows. The way we lets lay look at the anatomy of a grasshopper. Or we looked but we have been told what to see. And what we saw was not the reality. The way it was supposed to be. They played music, and we knew and they were always happy. So we were told. We were allowed to like them as we wished, but not to know them. There were something apart from us, from our client. Entertaining, funny, gay ignorant, foolish but perhaps above all never to be trusted. It was like some giant conspiracy, to which all lent what talents they had. Even sadly in the room self. Heres a film made in 1916, the star is burnt williams, and he had a burnt part to his face cascades not dark enough. Another standard job was for the new york knee grow as being a, grunt beings feared with silly fears. Fears from the graveyard. Here we are 1960, the old joke is told again. And so we grew up in montana, and its the same in des moines, or wichita or wherever, those of my generations been the years between being a child and being an adult. We all agree, that this is the way things are. Why did robinson crew so go with friday on saturday night. Well friday was up to no good you can confess that. An eagle in dress clothes, was always good for a laugh. Even the new fields had their piece, childish and always a little less lifesize. And this from newsreel, of the new of the early 19 thirties a news reel of the 1930s. Also of this newsreel of the 1930s, both of us, the sort of thing was simply a distortion, it was wrong it was unfair, just a meeting for most of us that is. But for the vicious people between the line between contempt and violence is a small one. And it was this. Where did robinson crew so go with friday on saturday night . Well it wasnt funny now. It never was really. It is not given to any generation to see everything clearly, and the children of our children will grow up and look at our mistakes not yet made. We know ours, they need not be told. The first half of this century, 1791 knee grows were lynched. Happy people, gay foolish, not to be trusted, and we met the knee grow. What we are really showing, of course was ourselves. The pace of change has been slow, six years after the interstate Commerce Commission outlawed segregation, he got around to establishing penalties for the practice. Nine and a half years after the Monumental Supreme Court decision, that say that education is an equal, most schools have only token integration if any. And one day when linda brown tried to go to an all white school. She became the victor in the court case. Brown versus the board of education. The whole wearing struggle was repeated time after time. And nowhere was the ritual, or resistance of a mission, more clearly display displayed that in alabama. Alabama state and all around this building, this auditorium the last time i was here on june 11th 1963. The auditorium was being used to register students for the commerce section of the university of alabama. Two of them were knee grow. It was also being used, as a National Stage for george wallace. A dedicated segregationist wallace, he stood here to stand in school house door, and talk about segregation of albums schools. Anne lucy sparked riding on campus. And he grew a woman. And she was expelled. For at least her own protection, a few days after she had entered. This time influential forces, looking over the shoulder, had exerted pressure to make sure that this would not be duplicated here. This time even extremist groups were hurt by their leaders to stay away. Sealed off local the Campus Police sealed off the campus to outsiders. Summer students calmer students were worn by the were won by the university that any university, that any disorder would be disorder would be punished punished. And what also severely. Required to take a good they were conduct off. Also governor herself the governor ordered units of the ordered state National Guard to be on duty state National Guard to stand by. On standby duty. Semicircles were circles were painted white around the painted in white, doors of around the public auditoriums auditorium, to mark the for the lines of the showdown. Lines of the attending the showdown. Drama of registration it was played day was played out out here as though as well it had never been. As if it between the governor walls, her. Governor wallace promising to stand up for showed alabama, and to up to preserve lauren preserve law an order or in order. It goes to the campus from which he had anne graduated over 20 years ago. Not long after the two students were brought on campus. They remained in the car while Deputy Attorney general amash and to other federal officials both alabama graduates approach the door. Governor wallace singled and to stop. Carefully emitted asking himself to the governor for assurance a would not block to students. The longer reply was along declamation. I stand todays it governor this customer state and refused to submit this power by the central. Government i claim today for the all the people of this alabama those rightsy deemed them under the constitution the United States, right of state and foreign. Colleges and universities. The few students were escorted to the resigned or mentors. They were on campus and they stayed. During intermission, the alabama National Guard was mobilized under the direction of a brigadier general. Innocent about 100 men march to the shadow of the earth tourism. Governor wallace again took his position. This time he was confronted by general graham and for unarmed guardians wearing the green berets. The general dutifully ordered him estes side. He read another statement we shall now return to montgomery for the purpose of continuing described. This constitutional fight because we are winning. We shall continue to work for a better alabama, and all of the people the state both biden ego. Its taken in the autoimmune register. After three months he dropped out. He claims hes on the verge of a complete mental breakdown. Eventual return is in doubt because it public student statements he made accusing state officials of trying to get in and expel. I will not move the last of the white all white state universities. Desegregation heres only token but it is a. Fact towards governor dorsey wallace is still in the forefront of the integration against black students. Of course i feel that we have agitators within this country who like to stir up trouble one way or another and i feel that the communist movement is behind all of the Race Relations in this country. I have a statement to who remain here in 1958. He was asked can he said this to a congressional committee. Quote its the needle situation is being expletives exploded fully. Programs need mass organizations. Prior doctors are not to aid the knee grows but a time to take advantage of all controversial issues sows to create unrest, dissension and confusion in the minds of the american people. From the beginning, from the real beginning, the slowest advance the needle has made has been against white indifference. True, a few abolitionists attacks slavery but they were a minority. And true support courts decisions probably reflected the mud opinions of a majority wipe they left the needle almost entirely long to fight the way into schools. Pursuing the armor of apathy could bring the meager his greatest skin gains. The march is the 200,000 saying dont constitutional offices on the 28th of august seeing first speedy civil rights and job opportunities. They knew it might change many votes in congress but they hope to impress other people watching television. Hair was how one march leader put it. The and acp up wrap try. Wilson my friends we are here today because we want the congress of the United States to hear from us in person. What many of us have been telling our Public Officials back home and that is, we want freedom now. President the state of the union speech and. I after birmingham in the swelling than your revolution, the president to became caught up in it. Civil rights became his legislative priority. Where he was june 11th. Lets the congress acts, theyre only remedies the street. And therefore asking the congress to an legislation giving all americans the right to be served in facilities which are open to the public. Hotels, restaurants, theaters, Retail Stores and similar stylish. The seems to be an elementary. Right its denialism in our arbitrary indignity. North america 1963 should have to deal with. After much consultation, present cynicism rights package to congress six weeks ago. Immediately there was trouble. Some of the program looked all right to Congress Even to the south, but two items ran into strong criticism. First, withholding federal aid where discrimination is practice. Second banning discrimination in business firms that serve the public. Opponents pronounced this innovation of private property. Heres deposit you situation looks in. Congress in the house, bill and still under consideration by judiciary subcommittee. The rub is in the senate. The strategy there is to wade into the house acts and then placed it the bill directly in the senate calendar, by basing the committee problem. Senate committees are dominated by southerners sewers move slowly and civil. Writes it ernie general has not gone up eight times before the judiciary committee. Each time one cemented, stan or one of North Carolina has done all the questioning. Heres Robert Kennedy pinsky emirates. Senator once again i dont think were speaking english but were not speaking the same language. Theres a problem here, is a problem in education, the problem involving, problem in public accommodation, problem in the treatment of needy grow. An eagle has not been treating treated equally. We want to do something about a center. Wed like to have you join. Us but youre opposed to every provision of this. Bill for one reason or the other. I still think infighting this bill that i am still fighting to preserve Constitutional Government of the United States and to protect and preserve the basic economic legal property lax of all americans. What is the prospects for a bill this . Year there will be one the question is how brought. How many republicans will support the administration in the media battleground of the house. Will the public accommodate section here is a sampling of senatorial opinion. The constitution talks about three things. It says life liberty in progress. Man cant be denied any of those without due process of law. This is no process of law, this is Just Congress saying he has no property rights. If you used a clause, saying how im and even what is charged for. Theres no limit to how far you can go. Its one of the most farfetched proposals, entirely the probability of breeding more trouble and bring us into socialism more than any laws been presented alongside. I do not have any objection to new york integrating if they want to or some states segregating if they want to. Back i think these matters should be left each state. The mayor said if they had had a federal law, socalled public accommodations they cannot have accomplished but they did. He said they brought about many changes but this would not have resulted and washington had cast a law. My position is that disposition should be left each community and each state to decide. , well i dont think i dont predict the outcome of the snow hope are contests but will give a good accounting of ourselves the best we can. Anytime youre fighting with your harden got a chance to win. But the real revolution is going to have to be for the rights. That is the right to be left alone. The right to use ones own company. The right to have one zone property. The right to take your gun and shoot anybody countries on those rights. Thats one of the privileges of our forefathers thought was for the security if the kennedy civil rights bill passes, it will make some immediate changes in civil rights and some long delay changes yes. I think de niro citizen has felt that equal justice under law has long delayed and he will not wait further for it. Someone asked me why is the new euro in such a hurry . My answer was, this is the Boston Tea Party all over again in many ways. Im convinced that the president s program for civil rights, the proposals to this congress will substantially improve improve the lot of our newer people and will indeed the substantially improve america. These proposals go further and the protection of Voting Rights and a right to vote and the exercise that right is fundamental to a strong democracy. These proposals also get at the problem of discrimination in governmental services, social practices within our economy and within our governmental structure. They will go far to remedy these those inequities and injustices. These proposals also strike at the problem of lack of education. After, all job opportunity means job training and job preparation. So the proposals will do much to improve the law the american eagle. Even if the kennedy civil rights bill should go to congress, impasse the new york has other grievous problems in their economics. Heres sandra van over. During the 1916 campaign, senator john f. Kennedy told an eagle audience on secaucus. Aside the knee grows are the first to be far genuine session because they have not had a chance to learn skills. President john f. Kennedy know this is true. Birmingham forced him to push the civil rights legislation this year. But the president Still Believes that even the best civil rights legislation, the needle needle will advance socially when he advances economically. This is this is going to be an education problem, and an economic brown. We have such high and employment among the grows averaging and our major northern communities more than two to three times of white people. When you have one heads of one out of every four heads of a breach found in chicago who dont have employment, where you have young people who dropped out of school in large numbers, hundreds of thousands and cannot get employment. When the Employment Unemployment rate goes up to 70 80 . We have all of these factors, People Living in poor, substandard housing. Lack of adequate education, dont have any recreation and dont have it look forward to any hope, look forward to employment so they can support a family. You have malnutrition, we have disease. All of these factors coming together kind of i say that unless we come up with some answers, economic answers, we need 30,000 new jobs in the United States every week over the period of next two weeks to have a full autonomy. Unless our economy does well, unless we can find employment for our people then you could have many problems. I think we can do that the queen stressful occasional training. I think we have our best teachers in certain areas i think that the passage of the tax bill. These really come in the category of civil rights and i think we can get the answer but youre gonna require this action by the federal government and action mother that the state level, the local level and then the people im selves. All of this is forthcoming over the period of the next five years to come up a. Samantha president wants to tax bill this year. He thinks this will help the economy you think this will help prevent the recession. He knows this is not the entire answer. He watched as the knee grow had its historical change our committee. The time when our nation is moving ahead. Without a backward glance, for those who cannot keep up with the skills they need. Better education and job training will help, but the president and his advisers fear that many knee grows will begin to late, the skills they along with many whites, the shouldve had and ten or 20 years ago. Perhaps there is no adequate answer to this. He tried to find one, tries to find one as dr. Martin luther king junior, speaks for the knee grows and insist that the time is now. For report on the Supreme Court here is David Brinkley until nine years ago, they said that segregation was perfectly all right. If the situation facilities for the girls are equal to those of whites. But this new doctrine was too radical, and there were a few hustles to obey it. But those who refused to obey the new doctrine, had not obeyed the old one either. Negroes facilities them were available but not equal. Of the three branches of government, the court has taken the unpopular radical conditions on civil rights. Because government would not or could not. Now there is demands to impeach. There was a separate but equal doctrine that came out, it was radical but nobody wanted to impeach chief justice melvyn fuller. Once that decision came out that was the end of it. Nobody tried to enforce it. The knee grows did not demonstrate, did not hire lawyers. But the 1954 decision, also was radical but the change was not only in the law, also in the niagara. This time he did hire lawyers. So the agony, of these nine years has not been entirely because of radical law the agony was because the first time in our history it was being enforced. So three hours from where we started from eight to albany for where we just ended at w. Can we say why 1963 most of the answer it isnt time, time is life and he feels that life is slipping away his own. They are mindful of the knee grow entering college this fall once in the fourth grade when they say they should be no segregation. They said the segregation might not exist because of automation. As you heard, america knee grows have decided what was promised, but not with the father would give to a father to a child, but them as the right of their birth. They say that the negro is wrong and has no just cause for complaint. All these forces to, and the revolution which broke out in 1963 for the same reason that the earth on a given day, begins to quake along the ancient fault. Nbc news could evening. This program was prerecorded. This is jeff at, least getting september 9th on the nbc the brinkley report will be extended. The hungrily brinkley report will be on nbc. Youre watching American History tv every weekend on cspan three explore our nations past, cspan 3 created by americas Television Companies as a public service

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