Following his arrival for the tripartite conference, president truman reviews the veterans second armored division. Accompanied by secretary of state burns, mr. Truman arrives in berlin where men, tanks and vehicles are lined up for the president ial inspection. On 18th july, the president and mr. Burns our guests at soviet headquarters. Premier stalin acknowledges a request for photographs below the balcony, and the group proceeds to the garden of the villa. The formal sessions of the Conference Get underway with president truman chosen to preside over the meetings. Premier stalin exchanges handshakes with Prime Minister churchill and British Foreign secretary anthony eden. Both churchhill and eden are to be replaced as britains chief spokesman at the conference. Englands Prime Minister by virtue of his labor partys victory in the 25th july british elections. After daily sessions for eight days, the conference recessed until the Election Results became known. Between sessions, president truman talks with generals dwight d. Eisenhower and omar n. Bradley, fleet admiral William Leahy is president at the president s potsdam white house. A meeting of the british and american chiefs of staff. On 26 july, a joint declaration from president truman and retiring Prime Minister churchill issued with the concurrence of the chinese general calls on the japanese government to surrender unconditionally. This order is prefaced as follows, the prodigious land, sea and air force of the united states, the British Empire and of china many times reinforced by their armies and air fleets of the west are poised to strike the final blows upon japan. Additional films on the invasion by troops of the australian 7th division at morotai island, staging area for the invasion, a vast supply of material is loaded on the transports. While troops assemble to work on ltis. The troop is under the joint command of australian and american officers. Due to the shallow beaches, the australians are forced to wade through water above the waist to board the lcis. Over 300 ships of the u. S. 7th fleet and the Royal Netherlands Navy participate in the invasion of the oil rich area. Rocket ships help shore installations and defenses taking part in the intense aerial and naval bombardment which preceded the invasion. Clouds of black smoke from burning oil tanks and refineries hang over the beach as 5 inch coastal guns fire at our fleet units offshore. Amtraks and Landing Craft bring the australians to shore. 7th Division Troops land in force 1st july hitting the beach. The european suburb. After quickly establishing a beachhead, Australian Infantry supported by alligator tanks push inland past the blazing ruins of buildings and oil installations. Enemy small arms and mortar fire is encountered by the australians who quickly capture strategic parramatta ridge overlooking the city. Infantry flame throwers destroy japs taking refuge in pillboxes. The few district are rounded up by the australians. Many are starved and malaria ridden. Knocked out enemy coastal guns prior to the invasion landings 17 of 28 known 90 millimeter gun positions were destroyed by planes of the 13th air force. Captured japanese antiaircraft direction and fire control equipment similar to that employed by the allies. Salvaging wrecked trucks at a maintenance battalion on okinawa. The trucks are swift and motors are sent to the shops for complete reconditioning. The motors are first placed on a conveyer where the sub assembly is removed and then checked to determine the extent of the repair necessary. A steam jenny is used to give them a thorough cleaning. Various parts are then removed and carried to individual engine stands where the mechanics work on them. The valve assemblies are removed and the blocks placed on stands where the cylinders are machine honed. Worn parts are replaced and where possible all parts are reconditioned and used again. The reconditioned motors are given a test shakedown before being put to work again. Also on okinawa m4 tanks are equipped with a modified m2 a1 antipersonnel mine. A part from a bazooka rocket is used for the igniter. These antipersonnel mines have been devised to protect combat vehicles against close or suicidal attack by enemy personnel. Brackets to hold the mines are welded on the tank turrett. The wiring system finishes the electrical connection between the mine brackets and the central switch which controls firing of the mines. Each bracket has an electric contact point against which the mine is fitted when placed in the bracket. Inside the steel tube is a rejected 60 millimeter mortar projectile weighing three pounds and filled with 0. 34 pound flake tnt. Ignition of the base charge propels the projectile a distance of approximately 6 feet before detonation occurs. The effect is casualties within ten yards of the blast. Lieutenant general john hodges, colonel r. W. Daniels and tenth Army Officers are present at field tests of the modified m2 a1. This assembly of the Japanese Navy rocket. Projectiles of this type approximately 28 1 2 inches long and weighing 51 pounds were located on okinawa 14th june by men of the infantry regiment. Components are being removed from the steel motor body of the rocket. This is the motor base plate and grid. The six openings are offset and give the rocket spin stabilizing feature. Removing the propellant. The rocket fuel consists of one short and seven long sticks of dark brown powder. Each stick has a single central per foration. Unscrewing the motor body from the war head. The rockets aerial burst fuse is in effect a powder delay train allowing the projectile to travel 2,000 to 3,000 yards before detonation of the main charge, which is housed in this warhead motor adaptor. The warhead body is a onepiece steel cylinder with welded nose and contains a metal canister filled with 62 metal encased incendiary pellets. Running the length of the cylinder and centrally located is a small burster tube containing five acid pellets. Testing one of the sticks of propellant by igniting the smokeless powder. Demonstrating the assembly of the incendiary canister, a label contained in the rocket motor of a captured projectile refers to the incendiary powder as special compound. The pellets are easily ignited. Rockets are test fired by the 95th ordnance bomb disposal squad using a specially constructed launcher. Since no primers were recovered with the rockets electric blasting caps are affixed to set off the projectiles. It is believed that the japs intended the rocket for use on suicide boats. In these tests, ordnance experts study the rockets general flight characteristics. An okinawa native guides an american patrol through the islands rugged interior on a rare mission. Walking closest by the old man is his son, a g. I. Named frank igashi assigned as an interpreter with one of the tenth army divisions. In 1912 the father left okinawa and resided for a time in los angeles where frank was born. The family returned to the island while frank was still a boy but eight years ago he left alone for the states and lived in california until inducted into the army. While frank was landing on okinawa as a u. S. Soldier the family was fleeing in terror. By chance the son heard news of his father who now leads him into the hills for a family reunion. The meeting takes place in an area where many natives found shelter from fire of battle. Frank poses with the surviving members of his family. His mother died while he was in the states but several relatives including an 80yearold grandmother are on hand to greet the american soldier. Frank meets his younger brother, wounded when our troops landed. He explains that he was then undergoing compulsory Japanese Military training. A 7yearold nephew happily shares the lime light with his american uncle. With frank in the patrol they leave their isolated retreat and the military government is providing new quarters for the family. Frank reportedly is submitting an application for a dependency allotment. Whether this will be granted under the unusual circumstances is subject to a decision from official sources. M27 prime movers transport the tube and base for the 914 millimeter motor little david. A 12foot pit is dug to facilitate placement and distribute the firing loads. The 46 1 2 ton base is packed into the pit. Built in hydraulic jacks lift it so it can be removed by a crane and the prime mover driven out again. Back filling by bulldozer, angle dozer, or other earth moving machinery is the next step. To minimize the rearward motion when firing it is recommended that the back fill be tamped solidly. A timber runway is constructed enabling the 40ton tube to be driven directly on to the base. The supports are aligned with the jacks by use of a builtin cross feed screw. The hydraulic pump and valve system within the base raises the jacks which lift the supports permitting the carrier to be driven away. The jacks are then lowered and the tube drops until the elevating rack is engaged with the elevating pinon. The side is attached and the Remote Control connection made. A hydraulic pump driven by an electric motor mounted on the elevating segment is used to pump the tube into battery position. The base unit of the propelling charge is inserted using a pair of telescoping tubes. The largest caliber motor ever built the little david was designed as a special assault weapon for use by land forces where heavy destructive power is required against unusually resistant targets. Loading the preengraved projectile t1 which weighs 3650 pounds. Elevation of the mortar after the shell has been aligned and entered to the deep end of the rotating band enables it to slide down to a seat at the rear of the tube. The piece is traversed by power to the correct position. The bright surface indicates the tubes recoil. 24 1 2 inches. This surface changes from the lower to the upper edge of the trunion ring as the piece is put into battery position shown by a light in the Remote Control box. Holding the piece and battery with one hand the gunner pushes the firing button. All firing in this demonstrations with instantaneous fuel setting, muzzle velocity 1250 feet per second. Maximum range 9500 yards. Craters average 38 feet in diameter and 13 feet deep with an appreciably greater depth of distributed soil. Cspan has unfiltered coverage of congress, the white house, the supreme court, and Public Policy events. You can watch all of cspans Public Affairs programming on television, online, or listen on our free radio app. And be part of the National Conversation through cspans daily Washington Journal Program or through our social media feeds. Cspan created by americas Cable Television companies as a Public Service and brought to you today by your television provider. 75 years ago this month the u. S. Detonated atomic bombs over hiroshima and nagasaki, japan, killing over 130,000 people, mostly civilians. Over the next several hours, well look at the explosions overall effect on hiroshima. We begin with the 1962 documentary on how atomic bomb survivors and their children handled the aftermath. And then a discussion on films showing the aftermath of the bombing. Many were confiscated by the u. S. And held in secret for years. Youll see portions of some of those films. After that a 1945 War Department film on the final months of the usair campaign against japan. Later, how president harry truman came to the decision to use the atomic bomb. All ahead here on cspan 3. Week nights this month were featuring American History tv programs as a preview of whats available every weekend on cspan 3. Tonight a look at the u. S. S. Indianapolis. On july 30th, 1945, two japanese torpedos sunk the u. S. S. Indianapolis in sharkinfested waters. Only 317 of 1196 crew members survived. They were not rescued for several days. On the 75th anniversary of the ships sinking congress awarded the entire crew the congressional gold medal, its highest civilian honor. Watch tonight beginning at 8 00 eastern and enjoy American History tv this week and every weekend on cspan 3. Next on reel america, a thousand cranes, the children of hiroshima. American betty jean liffiton was inspired to make this 20minute film while living in hiroshima, japan in the summer of