Rivers join to form the tennessee. Here is where they meet, just about knoxville tennessee. From this point its 652 miles to kentucky where the tennessee throws into the ohio. A number help to drain the watershed. A base in which involves seven states. Theres a rainfall here ranging from 50 to 80 inches a year. These rivers and 1 million of smaller streams tap a richly diversified area. The Tennessee Valley is a fair Cross Section of our country. Others are more acute than elsewhere. In the main, the problems of the valley or the problems of america. Here comes the outline of the Tennessee Valley. The area where president roosevelt asked congress to establish a demonstration of national planning. Let us examine some of the conditions the president is determined to address. Such property as this is not universal in the valley, but it exists and all too frequently, not only in the Tennessee Valley, but throughout the lake and length of our land. Here is regiment asian with a vengeance, the poverty. Sometimes the outlook of some so hopeless as men abandon their farms. The principal reason for abandoning farms is torrential rains, washing away the soil and destroying the growing power of the land. And floods have taken their tolls in men misery. Destroying millions of dollars of property every year. These are some of the reasons, why president roosevelt asked to create the Tennessee Valley authority. He had in mind a tremendous National Investment laying idle at muscle scholes. Two nitrate points, but we left idle until the coming of the tv a. These objective is when realized will not only bring about the economic and social wellbeing of the People Living in the valley, but also pave the way for some advancements throughout the rest of the country. After construction operations stopped with these water bed inaudible they began executing for bedrock. Excavation is complete and the placing of concrete has begun. This is 260 inaudible what you see on the left, a limestone for making concrete. inaudible but you can wrap this in concrete. First the soil is loose off, much like in mining. That is 175 pounds of square inch. Then they move into expose the exposed rock for blasting. When everything is ready to signal is giving, and there she goes. The if that one goes over the edge, not quite and here comes another. Electric shovels going as soon as the smoke is cleared and stop the rock on its way. We inaudible there. That did it. You this rock these trucks leave the scene of the blast and wind their way through the quarry to the primary cracker, ship and size of iraq me nothing to this pressure, its job is to reduce everything. The darkness with the slight motion of thats been go in the center there. It is embedded in the hillside, it drops the Crushed Stone with analysts conveyor belts. It delivers its road low to the secondary pressure. The conveyor in the background comes from the primary cruncher on the hillside. It is stone introduced a very sizes, three inches an under. And its taken to the screening plant. To be sorted into four sizes, by passing it over the screens. The screens underneath the storage piles of the concrete tunnel. Lets electrically operated gates and the roof, to carry any desired size forward. Then taken over to this ball to be cracked and a hammer mill. Thats going to do sizes and we watched free of all impurities. Thats carried out there, inaudible maine also meant in bulk is taking from 6000 barreled storage tank five miles away, and drag to a similar one at the dam. The road winds to a beautiful wooded hills or the silhouette of the distant cumberland mountains beyond. When it is complete it forms inaudible all these operations come together inaudible where stone sand and cement are turned into concrete. Scales register the weight, and an operator proportions the ingredients. Now, not quite enough that time. Better give it a little more. There, thats right. The batch shoots down to this final to charge one of the three mixers. This plant is electrically time to get a liver three cubic yards a fresh concrete every minute. When the make sure is ready, it is parting to gasoline driven transfer cards. Lets transfers it. These buckets hold six cubic yards, about two of them in operation. One of them receives a load every minute and a half, day and night. Well take 1 million cubic yards to complete the dam, thats 166,000 buckets full must be swung out into space and deposited. This bucket now swing through the air as significance it contains the first concrete to be deposited at the dam in july 1934. The two cable ways used at the dam are suspended between the had ties high on the west, and the detailed towers. inaudible the charge runs from each cable, with a massive hook to pick up any heavy objects the engineers want to have moved. inaudible controls the full operation of the cable way. Its a simple matter for him to raise and lower the hook. To run the carriage up and back. Or to move his tower up and downstream at will. The main cable is anchored securely at each and. His across action showing the hundred 75 separate strands of steel wind up which gives the strength 1,100,000 pounds. inaudible after inspecting the controls inside the tower, she wanted to detail inaudible with his fellow directors inaudible guides activities. Miss roosevelt found ourself fortune and being given a ride out over the site in the cage, hooked onto the cable way in place of a concrete bucket. Until cooperation in the construction of the dam was tubes known as pence talks, to pass the water to the dam through to the turbans. The signal man on the left says the two cable way operators to take it away. The cables poll, those suctions way 40 tons of peace, and keeping the two cables exactly are for perfect coronation. Its on its way. Here it is settling into its cradle in the banks of the dam. Its all actions are being completely laid, concrete arrives around them. And now the ship which is five and a half hours is waiting on a new shift coming out and buses. Theyll be rolling towards the town of mattis which serves as a construction camp. The Committee House contains a reading room, and the library as well as facilities are dancing Motion Pictures basketball and a variety of endure games. And theres a post office, a chapel or ministers old services and a community bank. These are now housing is where the girls will run the cafeteria live. It cafeterias serve 3300 bob ounce meals a day. What brings these chaps in here feeling good and hungry. The helpings are generous, look at the mill bottles. inaudible 350 individual houses have been built there, one of steel several stone and a large number of cinder blocks. While providing the necessary houses, theyre making a real contribution to the housing problems of america. The use of cinder blocks in Home Construction has opened new vistas in low cost housing. Ordinary centers are mixed the cement in casting until large boxes. To the low building costs is possible for a man to write that well insulated home for 14 dollars and 20 dollars and 50 cents a month. Imagine you had this amount to spend on rent, would you get a house in your town like this . Its already maintains trade shops for repair work. The shops are also trade schools, where Vocational Training is offered to workers on their spare time. Trade unions through the Workers Council which any workers free to join, are back in training in collaborating in the preparation of courses. In some cases even initiating the ones. But two thirds are signed up for one or more courses. The men are acquiring new skills, which will give them an added source of income, when they return to their homes. Beside these the courses offer ceramics, Natural Science and other subjects. Here all the citizens in another move, rains and a shady hillside they watch some of their fellows, competing impromptu holiday sports. They know what we all know what spas where can no play does to jack and jill to. Not a plant like wheeler, powers generated in proportion of the water flowing. When the river is high, much power can be developed. When it is low, little is available. It is doing the dry period that the water stored in reservoir several hundred miles away, will be released. Generating power up there, again and again as it passes each plant such as wheeler. Now lets go down into that them and watch the drillers pave the way for a blast, though loosen tons and tons of rock from the riverbed. But this particular blast 100 holes were drilled. Some seldom does anyone except a construction engineer have an opportunity to witness operations of this kind so close at hand. We compressed air blows the drill holes clean. The then comes the dynamite. This man is known as a powder monkey. He infuses these to make dynamite. Its ticklish hurricane calls for a steady hand then plenty of nerve. Then the stick with the fuse in it is lowered into the hole and rammed home. Going to their fellow thats dynamite. Sanders poured in and tempt down. And 100 wires lead into the central switch. Electric shelves began clearing up immediately after the blast. The rock is loaded into trucks, and rolled away. Meanwhile the u. S. Army engineers built and navigation lot on the opposite bank of the river. Lock will have a lift. Sand and gravel from wheeler dam is obtained from the riverbed, these buckets buildup aggregate and drop into screening point. Where his sifted into assorted and poured into separate barges, which are then towed upstream to the wheeler site. And more it alongside the floating cranes and concrete mixers, right on this job. In the absence of real connections all materials and equipment comes to wheeler by water. A crane lives create buckets full of gravel. And drops the aggregate we into a bachelor. They are mounted on a steel barge. When mixed, the concrete is poured into drop bottom buckets. Another crane swings the bucket out over the dam, where the concrete is to be deposited. Farms have been prepared, deal reinforcement rods are put in the concrete. Early in 1936. The bucket deposits its load. And the crane goes back for more. The authorities made this project near shallow battlefield and southwestern tennessee. Before construction could begin however, exhaustive study of the foundation had to be made just like at wheeler. This part of the process is known as core drilling. A steel cylinder with the diamond studded ring attached to the end boris its way 100 feet or more into the bedrock. The cylinder encloses iraq or as a descends. The process is just like ordering an apple. Good engineer requires many such the cause 2500 dollars each, and wear out after a few months use. The corps carefully removed and placed in trees, and a notation is made up the depth from which the specimen is made. Samples are then shipped to the laboratory protests and analysis. The court has many checks a foundation instability. Marge drives and driftwood make ideal breeding grounds for malaria carrying mosquitoes. Here on wilson lake deviate patrols spray of film of oil on the water. When the water is too shallow where growth is too thick paris green with a dust as used. This mixture completely harmless to man and beast is deadly to mosquitoes. That is how they are operating with local authorities. One of the major objectives of the Tennessee Valley act is a readjustment and use of nitrate plan number two to promote american on michael production of plants and food. It calls for active research and search for new combinations which will produce the cost of the essential aliments. Most problem challenging today is phosphorus as a nation we do not yet realize the attacks on phosphorus. The civilization has imposed on the land. The chief source is the remains of prehistoric animals. Whose bones have long since gone back into the earth, and foster faith is made like these in tennessee. When no thought is put into the welfare of the lying it creates desolation just like this. Under the old system old soil was scraped off and the scene abandon. Such a lands on longer marvel the landscape by the tv a thing about the future. Its mining vazquez in such demand throughout the country and throughout the world and the supply so restricted it has been deemed more difficult to mine but often very rich. Phosphorus is the limiting factor in planned food, all over the world. And the most important element in soil preservation, and rehabilitation. As crops are grown and grains are fed to animals which in turn our ship to market, the National Average of phosphorus leaves the line forever. Heres an touched phosphorus bet, if we might hear you would never be able to tell the phosphate rock has been extracted. The method is to remove the topsoil and take out the raw phosphate rock. Later the topsoil is replaced and land return to agriculture. The farmers themselves are mourning the rock. They will not destroy the land, for tampas fate is just another cash crop. It phosphorus is not made more readily available to american farmers, the growing power of our land will continue to decline. Visualize for a moment to millions and millions in tons of grains and meets which are consumed in the course of a year. Every table of grain and speck of bone that goes to market along with the meat, contains phosphorus. Only a small percentage is ever returned to the so as fertilizer. The natural supply must be restored for us to maintain life. When the phosphate rock is minus taken to attract that delivers it and poured into shoots into barges. We may hear is a good close view of this all important element. When the barges fall, is told to the fertilizer plant where the rock is transferred to carts. Some possibly not readily transported by water makes the whole journey by rail. Lets inspect really the plan the tv has installed at phosphate plan ever to. First a rock is dry. Then it is weighed and mixed in the scale house. And placed in storage bins above the electric furnaces. High temperatures convert the phosphorus into a gas, then it is passed through a scrub or. And placed in acid tanks. The pilot manufacturing plant will be adequate for any demonstration of fertilizer production desires. Phosphate is a vital importance to the control of soil erosion. In this field erosion is already set in. And heres what happens when erosion is left unchecked. The topsoil is gone, and the land is destroyed. Millions of acres have already been lost. There is no time to lose. One method is to build check that dams and an Extensive Program in this nation is already underway. You another method recently worked out by tv a foresters is to spread brush matting over the slopes. Take it down with a tangle of wires and so brexit over the netting. But erosion has barely started, this will save the land. 50 have already had their work in the valley, and more coming in alltime. The crew was tractor and scraper will check the beginnings of erosion at a cost of a dollar 50 to two dollars per acre. The czech that follows the contour lines laid out beforehand by engineers. But a broad swab is cut. Standing clear across the field. Then a second that is made, some 20 feet downhill from the first. These two cuts marked the boundaries. The beauty of this method lies in the fact that no topsoil is wasted. Crops could be grown up in over each task. Since it falls contour lines, the rain is caught and held four cuts. Completed a terrorist, and the fourth and final cut reveals the finished ridge. A barrier against a downward rush of torrential rain water which is the destruction of fields. Here is a finished field with one to three for broad terraces across it, saying this land for all time. We lets fall this line across the hills, to mississippi. The first city to contract deviate power. Do the main street, the courthouse, the city hall, and the mayor and see plans were very figures, showing that with power costing 55 less than informally did sales increased 100 26 in less than a year. Residential users are learning more about electricity. It is not the only city to pocket, presents in alabama you could see that jim paid ten dollars and now look at his tv a file. Meanwhile from substations such as this, the Tennessee Valley authority is pushing lines into rural communities. Thousands of counties who have never enjoyed the benefits of electricity. From the Alabama Division is bringing them wider use of mans greatest natural resource. The power that lies in the might of a river. Now the cross arm swing into place, and the insulator securely fastened. The line must be tightened firmly, so high winds and winter storms may not interrupt the delivery of killer wants to farms and homes. The power policy of the Tennessee Valley authority states clearly that the business of generating and distributing electric energy is public business. Public and private should not be confused. The interest of the public in the widest possible use of electricity is superior to any private interest. Where does private interest and Public Interest conflict Public Interest might must prevail. If this can be reconciled without interest to the Public Interest without injury to the Public Interest. It is is one of the measures where the people may possibly face to protect themselves against unreasonable rates. Low rates are alone are not enough. Through its agency the electric home and farm authority, the tv is making possible wider use of electricity through a broader use of electric appliances. Electric home and former party does not sell a single appliance, but cooperate with manufacturers and retailers to bring a low cost, high grade equipment into homes on long term payment plans. Electric ranges and water heaters pumps and refrigerators in a host of other electrical appliances have been mobilized, not only to ease human burdens but to help lift the depression by bringing in employment to thousands of workers. I meters installed, times are changing. New ways are changing the old. Let us contract for a moment yesterday with today from tomorrow. Centers for Disease Control and prevention doctor robert red field testified for a subcommittee on the governments coronavirus response. Watch live thursday morning on 11 eastern on cspan 3, online at cspan. Org or listened live on the free cspan radio app. There is a night on American History tv a look at the american revolution. Beginning at eight eastern, historian park ranger and author philippe green walled discusses bostons role in the origins of the revolutionary war. His remarks focused on free pivotal events, the boston massacre the boston tea party, and the battles of lexington. This was part of a daylong symposium cohosted by the merging blog, and the icbm of alexandria virginia. Next, on lectures in history, southern teaches a class on the abundance in the 1920s and how unequal distribution of wealth led to the great depression. She