With weapons and our search for security and peace, this Program Documents the powers some of us often overlook. It is the forceful good that lies in the basic brotherhood of man. In my travels, i have often observed have a hand outstretched in friendship, a heart full of goodwill can do more to win the affectionate support of people than all the guns in our arsenal. The program you are about to see demonstrates this. It is the story of american doctors fighting disease in distant, remote regions of the world, helping fellow human beings towards a better life through their humane work, they are making a positive contribution to the structure of peace. Of course, there are other ways to strengthen the bonds of friendship throughout the world, by helping other nations to improve their agriculture, commerce and industry. For example, our people can create a beneficial climate where greater International Understanding takes place. And this is so essential to all our hopes for world peace. Because our doctors abroad so bolster these hopes, we can regard their work as that of unofficial american ambassadors. And at a time when we hear much of mans in humanity, they reveal our greatest hope for the future, mans humanity to man. That is why what you are about to see is so important to all of us. These are the changing patterns of the face of mankind. From the lips of such as these in 100 strange languages, comes a distant unending cry for the end of pain and preservation of life. Today we mark some who answer that call, american doctors on alien shores whose dedication to humanity lights up our hope for peace and understanding in the far corners. The map of the world is more than cnn continents. It is as well the outline of its peoples, each perhaps drawn differently and colored by the creator with a different crayon, but all kin, one a member of the other. We obtained this is the outline of the people of korea. So airplane small is the world today, that no matter what happens to these people, boundaries and barriers affect all people. Street market or supermarket, such differences main far less than our basic similarities. And what alone holds the promise of healing our divided world is our concern one for the other. The story we bring you is and a special breed of man concerned with that very thing. Love a fellow man. It is the tale of physicians who were put on boots to stride across water and land and pause at the bedside of the world to lift the burden of disease from the backs of the family of man. We will meet them not only in korea, but in hong kong, burma, india, the pal, lebanon, ethiopia. But first, first, here in this alley in person, she whose back is toward us is clothes in the robes of the sisters of saint dominic. She and her sisters who live here are devoted to the sick, the lame, the blind. And to this, their clinic, im the troubled ones. Look upon their faces and read for yourself their stories. The pore from the huts and shanties. The homeless from the streets. Refugees swept south by the communist tyranny in north korea. They await only the opening. And now, to reap the dais harvest of illness, nurtured in the overcrowded city below. Former patients under continuing care present the token of their previous visit and pass aside. Then along the line to extract the seriously ill, that they may be cared for at once. A bond of pain have all in common, the innocent, the record the infant, the wrinkled grandmother, and the wideeyed innocent child. And that often strikes them down as they wait. Thus is an act of a prelude to the next day ahead as the nurse reports to the superior, sister angelica. I have one little boy here i have to bring in. We have seen more than 1000 patients today coming through these gates, before we close them at 5 30. With every imaginable disease. We have no hospital, though we are building one now. We are just a clinic with no beds. We treat them as best as we can send them home, to return if necessary. We have four sister doctors and several korean doctors and nurses on our staff. You will see them working inside to take care of these people. This sister in new york pennsylvania. This little 14yearold girl was carried on the back of her grandmother from the country to our clinic for treatment. She has a case of tuberculosis of the bone. We plan to treat her by putting her back into a plaster of paris cast which will hopefully prevent further crippling deformity of the bone. It will also alleviate the severe pain which she now has, not only from the, back but also from the abscess here. With the use of new drugs for tuberculosis, as well as supplementary treatment with milk, food, and vitamins, we hope at the end of two years to have this little girl walking and playing like other children. Sister maria, market medical school. This 53yearold lady was brought to our clinic this morning. She has had in the past week, severe symptoms of Heart Failure with a history of rheumatic Heart Disease since she was 30 years of age. She has had eight children and has gotten along well until now. She had severe symptoms of all extremities, and enlarge deliver and a heart with a murmur. We hope to be able to help this lady somewhat, but her prognosis in general is very poor. Sister lewis, marquette medical school. Home, hudson falls, new york. She was brought to our clinic approximately one month ago by his mother. The childs initial problem was one of infectious diarrhea. At the time of admission, he had a temperature of 104. 6. However the diarrhea and infections were a secondary problem. The child has been on his right side for approximately one month, and his malnutrition is has major problem. We are continuing to feed the trial for a few weeks until he is able to take food by mouse. In a month or two, he should look normal and healthy again. As the day wears on and medications are dispensed, the city beyond beckons the sisters with their healing powers. Each afternoon, sister mary, accompanied by a korean nurse and immaculate in her white robes, plunders into the squalor of this suddenly expanded city on the home visit to a patient with tuberculosis. Making her way up on a road hillside, that is the front and backyard for hundreds who must live in tents, or can boast only an oil tin roof over their heads, she struggles up the steep path herself, with her tb patients being saved the exhaustive journey to the clinic for treatment. This one home is all the home there is for the entire family, living room, dining room, bedroom, kitchen. Not only is the mother sick with tb, but already father and child showed traces of following her down the same threatening road, but for this help. Now en route to another patient, the sister and her nurse. Thus is one day done, one day ended. As the gates to the city close behind them. America is 6000 miles away, and in their spirit, and in their hearts. Moving south and west across the china sea, the march of medicine halts in the shed already china to visit another american doctor in hong kong, for centuries they have said to one another, if leprosy can be cured, salted fish can live again. But here in 1946 appears a young pathologists from chicago to teach at the university of hong kong medical school. He arouses the community to fight leprosy, hansens disease, until finally, not far from this communist island, the people of hong kong plucked hope from the sea. They call this island the aisle of happy healing. To this once bear in place, they moved the long despised, disgraced and banished, to help them. And now a small launch comes bearing an interesting cargo. Final Year Medical Student brought to break down their preconceived notions of leprosy by this doctor, the man from chicago whose inspiration the island was. He reminds them that the disease is not mysterious, punishment from the gods, not venereal, not inherited, but scientifically explained and medically treatable. Here, the doctor will lead them for a week. The island will be a classroom, and International Staff their teachers, before he returns to review and summarize their findings. The next day, the students are greeted by superintendent dr. Neil, frazier who helped make the island a reality. No time as wasted and facing the Young Students with the different evidences of the disease, a disease which doctor frazier explains, as he points out features, rarely if ever kills by itself. And of all the Infectious Diseases we know, one of the least catching. Choosing children housed on the island, he declares children the most susceptible to the ravages of the disease, which is often passed to them on contact. The students settled onto a weeks labor, learning to overcome their fear of the disease by taking smears of patients to confirm the diagnosis of leprosy. Examining the bacilli breaking up on the bone, studying bone changes responsible for much of the crippling, and finally, they come not to be afraid of treating the patients themselves. Thus does each day bring a new understanding of the disease, as the students come ultimately in sight and sound of harbor to sit with dr. Douglas harman of the island staff. One thing i want you to keep the most of your mind is that modern medicine can help these patients. And that with careful research, the progress of that we have made in the treatment of leprosy during the last 1520 years has made greater strides than in all the centuries before. This is a picture of a patient with leprosy. Now i want to show you something. This is that same patient that you see in the picture there after a few years of treatment. I think you will agree that with our modern drugs and with what we know about the disease now, that there is a real hope for recovery and for a useful life, and that this man is well on the way. I would like you to remember this man when someday someone looking as he did before treatment comes into your office. Later, they watch the rehearsal of the lepers production of the classical opera as they await the return of the doctor who brought them, their fears now dispelled by knowledge. So that when at last the time comes to return to school, they have come to recognize these sufferers as human beings who can benefit from the same medical science they apply to other patients. Thanks to the young doctor who came to hong kong from chicago, and his colleagues on ha li king chao. Southward to the equator now, and the melee archipelago in northwest borneo. These are former head hunters. This patience of stella and other american doctor who has carried his talents far from home. Tribesmen, 213 thousand of them, living among the orangutans, the cobras, in a steaming equatorial jungle that is sarawa. Here along the river, in the land of the long boats, amid mangroves, the forest has been cleared in the hospital razed where the doctor, a methodist missionary, has settled down and opened his black bag. Our Health Problems here in saearawa are threefold. The number one problem is malaria. But the World Health Organization has a group here carrying out a campaign of ddt to eliminate this problem. And in a few months we will see the effects of this. The second problem we have is tuberculosis. We are cooperating with the government by case finding and treatment of cases that we find with streptomycin, phs and imh, which the government supplies us with. The third biggest problem is intestinal parasites and the dysenteries. Of course, this is tied in with lack of sanitation and ignorance of the rules of good health. We feel that it doesnt really solve anything to have these patients just come to the hospital and get treatment. So we have a team which goes out, composed of a doctor, a Public Health nurse, a helper and a driver. We go out regularly and are long boats to the longhouses and live with them three or four days at a time. And besides treating the patients, we teach them the rules of health and hygiene, which will enable them to live healthier lives. We do this by showing movies of health films and just sitting down with them in the evenings and talking to them and explaining to them how they can be healthier. Such is dr. Brewsters medical work where he struggles to bring the lifesaving promise of medical medicine. North and west travels empty international, skirting thailand and the gulf of sam on its way to rain goon, burma. The air is filled with prayerful chance for rain. As the hot sun, the same son that fires the golden pagodas, parches the land. The prayers to buddha echo throughout the whole city. Even to angolans general hospital. And in its wards. The patients know him as doctor green, the Orthopedic Surgeon in charge. But they dont know how he went from harvard to turkey, or the yales spent in today, he is the visiting professor, often consulting with his burmese colleagues, such as, dean the Medical College doctor whos patient, a buddhist, mock is afflicted with tumor masses, diseased nerve coverings, diagnosed as narrow fabric metastasis. Now he comes to a 15yearold who was hit by an exploding bomb that killed his parents and took his left leg below the knee during the war. If he is to be helped, a piece of shrapnel still embedded in his lower pelvis, causing a midthigh chronic drainage must be removed. The doctor studies the xrays in anticipation of the operation he plans. As he scrubs, his thoughts go back to the stories told to him of searching for he in vain. Of his visit to a spirit woman in the hills, seeking a miracle that never came. The despair of never walking again. The plan is clear. First, to remove the shrapnel. This to be followed by revision of the stump, repairing the painful bony spur at its end. This done, on to the next step, preparing for an artificial limb. The doctor watches with hope mounting, the making of the mold of his stump. But actually, far more than that. The overture, so to speak, for what most of us accept as a matter of course. Life on two feet. And now, after the casting and the measuring, and the straightening through physiotherapy, comes the most exciting day he has ever known, where once with only one leg, now are two. One artificial and strapcontrolled, to go with the one that is flesh and blood. And in step with the man who made it possible, he walks. And at last, in answer to the buddhist chant, the long thirsty earth he moves along, drinks of rain. This time, northwest sores the march of medicine, above the land mass that is india to remote nepal, the roof of the world. To this himalayan kingdom, whose surrounding areas have long sealed it from the rest of the world, yes, to this place too, have come american doctors, to kathmandu, capital of the land of the gods, lying in the valley crossed by a sacred river, rich with a forest of shrines dedicated to shiva the destroyer, and buddha. We came here from india, in 1953. My husband had been here previously for the chicago Natural History museum. Youre listening to dr. Fleming of bucks county, pennsylvania. We became very attached to nepal, learned to like the people very much, and were delighted when the government asked us to set up a medical program for maternal and child care. I arrived with only a Little Pocket set of instruments, just an obstacle forceps and a stethoscope. Our first hospital was part of this old cholera hospital. Thats all that was available. Then we moved here, where we have since grown to include two womens wards and a mens ward. Wandering the hospital grounds, dr. Fleming finds time for a couple of favorite patients. This is maya. She was discovered by the king while he was making a journey about eight days from here. Poor thing had club feet and was literally walking on her ankles. He sent her to us with a message to do what we could for her. Look at her now. This man is a sherpa porter. He was a guide for a british climbing expedition. Three men were lost, buried by an avalanche. This fellow lost his footing. He fell 200 feet. The eyes of this mountain man, and the eyes of the allseeing consciousness, are fixed on the himalayas beyond kathmandu. Snowcrowned, the highest of them, their names conjure a spell. Anna parnas. Challenging their foothills and proceeded by porters carrying supplies and camera equipment, the march of medicine, in search of yet another american doctor, perhaps more remote and inaccessible than any, moved for two days on foot among this rocky, winding trail, toward a town. The pass cut into the mountain sides are known as well to the doctor as the place that he calls home. Time and, again with on the aipac on his back, he must traveled the highway to reach a patient in need. Often, they return with him up the steep slopes to his hospital. This is a trail to to bat. And this is doctor fredericks hospital. In this isolated area north of to bet and who knows how far beyond, there is no other modern hospital. Later, the doctor diagnosis his case as black fever, a fly Borne Disease often affecting the liver and spleen. In his primitively equipped ward, he makes the rounds with his nurse, seeing first 18 be patient, then encouragement to a little boy who had a broken arm from falling out of a tree. And finally, tending a man severely burned when he rushed into his flaming house to save what belongings he could. On the way to his semiannual checkup of the school children, dr. Fredrik passes through the marketplace, streets that have never, incidentally, known the wheel. Meets there a young lady whose broken wrist he once repaired. He continues on, greeted with a friendly shake of the head by those who have come to know meaning of the word doctor. Gradually, some kind of order is restored, as the doctor tackles his first customer. Scabies, tb, malnutrition. These are diseases the doctor looks for, noting any evidence of them in a record book and following up later with his recommendations. As for the children, a doctor to feast their eyes upon, to thump their chest with his fingers and listen with his magic earpiece. These strange wonders come to their himalayan hills are payment enough. And so. From mouth to ears, with the head master looking on approvingly, the checkup happily continues. But finally, with his assistants help, the work is concluded. And turning over the records until next time, the doctor moves from one of the most pleasant aspects of his remote practice to confront a more serious challenge. From the distant countryside, miles away, comes one dread word. Cholera. On the only means of Rapid Movement in this area go the doctor and his aid for the twoday journey out to a village in the path of the oncoming disease. They pause at the site of the doctors new hospital, being built on land donated by the government, land no one else wanted because of the name. The wedding place of the ghosts. They push on, passing through a settlement on route. And finally, after a night on the trail, they reach the village threatened by the epidemic and prepare to apply modern medicine as the barrier between it and the ancient disease. As the young and curious look on, the inoculations get under way. Each protective injection amusingly saluted. But as always when he visits a village, there is more than one thing to concern the doctor. Here, for example, a child gored by a bull. And so as one village is made safe as medicine can help make it, against the scourge of cholera, the long trip home begins again. Hours later, as night begins to fall, and the winds promise a storm, they hasten to the protection of a rude shelter. And here will doctor fredrik sleep. In the mountains of nepal, as far from redding, pennsylvania as a man can be. And now, president of smith klein and french laboratories, mr. Francis boyer. How do you do . Were seeing a really inspiring story. A story being written by american doctors throughout the world, carrying their healing art to people less fortunate than ourselves. And perhaps too many of us take for granted the equally inspiring story here at home, the story of the doctors who are making our own lives longer, happier ones. Let me remind you of just a few things the medical profession has done for us right here in the United States. This is one of the new heart, lung machines. During operations on the heart, it acts as a detour, actually carrying the blood around the heart. This machine gives the surgeon a relatively dry, bloodless area in which to work and enables him to perform delicate heart operations hitherto impossible. Here is a child crippled by polio, where once it was commonplace to see little children struggling in braces such as these, soon it will be a rare sight. Today, thanks to the salk vaccine, paralytic polio is on the ropes. Another example of what our doctors are doing for us. You may have read not too long ago an article about the closing of the famous trudeau tuberculosis sanatorium. Not only has the tb death rate declined, but the length of time spent by the average tb patient in a sanatarium has also been cut in half. Finally, lets take a trip to a modern psychiatric ward. Until 1956, each year there was an increase in the number of patients, in mental hospitals. Last year, for the first time, there was a reduction of almost 7,000 patients. This is the result of an unprecedented discharge rate. Today for the first time, there is new hope in the area of mental illness. Yes, ladies and gentlemen, your doctor at home, like his colleagues abroad, is dedicated to the task of conquering disease. And because of this dedication, our nation is one of the healthiest in the world. May i add just one last thought . The mission of the pharmaceutical industry, of which we are a part, is service to the medical profession. I believe that our industry has done an outstanding job in developing and making available the drugs which help our doctors help us. The expenditures of our industry for medical research and development run well over 100 billion dollars annually. And of the medicine prescribed last year, more than half could not have been prescribed ten years ago simply because they did not exist. Thank you. Now, across southwest asia to lebanon, crossroads of the middle east, sweeps the march of medicine. Here sits beirut, libya cultural capital. We are greeted by the foreign minister of lebanon. This, all around me here, is the American University of beirut. I am a graduate of this university. This is an American University in more than name. It is american both in its democratic spirit and in its educational philosophy. It seeks to train its students to think, relate, to value through and to live by principle. This is certainly true of its medical school. Founded in 1867, before they had made the revolutionary discovery. The medical school that opened with 14 students now trains scores from all over the middle east. The teaching staff, some of whom are trained in the United States, is drawn chiefly from lebanon but includes several american physicians. Heading the International Faculty is an american, the dean of the medical school. American doctors teach pharmacology, anesthesiology, obstetrics and gynecology, surgery, and ophthalmology, all helping to train a student body that will spread the benefits of their medical education throughout this entire region of the world. Training goes on too in lebanons villages each summer, villages which often lack a suitable water supply. Here the students do field work in Preventive Medicine and Public Health, under the direction of an american doctor, who conducts these clinics that they may learn to help improve sanitary facilities and raise health standards. Now, typical of many students who are the product of this highquality of medical education, is this young lady, miss or should i say dr. Tutunje. Dr, where do you come from . You come from jordan . Your brother was here too . I have two sisters and two brothers who have graduated from this university. What do they do now . My brother, one of them, is working in the Obstetrics Department here. My other brother went to the states to georgia. My sister is working in jordan. And what are your plans . I am planning to go to the states next year to specialize in surgery. And then what do you expect to do . Our original plan was to go back to jordan, each one with a specialty. Very good, doctor. Thank you very much. This doctor will, as she told us, carry back to her own land the skills and the science that she has been enabled to learn here at the university. Thus helping to build a better, a healthier and a happier world for her own countrymen. Next, south to the african continent goes m. D. International, over the red sea, egypt and the sudan to ethiopia. In the mountain city, a few lowlying buildings give testament to cooperation for help among nations as well as individuals. Here, our International Cooperation administration with the ethiopian government, the World Health Organization and u. N. Childrens fund, has established a hospital. Under the director, dr. Ryder of ica, young ethiopians are trained as health officers, Community Nurses and sanitarians. An hour or more away, the students who are the hope of ethiopias future practice Preventive Medicine by fighting the mosquito that carries the dread malaria. Here people speaking a language known as anharic, american doctors seek to transfer their knowledge. Doctors like arthur curtis, who heads icas Health Mission in ethiopia, a long, long way from arkansas and his oldtime job of directing a division of the state health department. Such Health Problems as are borne by a primitive water supply, often secured from unclean streams, are now being assaulted by drilling wells deep in the grounds. To the people, the bringing in of a new well represents a hardwon victory over the threat of disease. So that an elevated water tank, far from spelling an eyesore, seems a thing of beauty. Such is the progress borne of International Cooperation, symbolized by the minister of health, planning even greater projects with an american doctor. And nowhere is this more warmly felt than in the city and behind the royal gates, here where his pet lion occasionally wanders the palace yard, one whose determined night for freedom speaks his own feelings, his imperial majesty, empirier of ethiopia, king of kings and conquering lion of judah. We are grateful for your doctors. They have come at our invitation, far from home, in order to pass on their medical skills to our own people. Perhaps in no field does american cooperation have a more personal meaning for us, since it directly touches the lives and wellbeing of our citizens. Finally, across the wide span of the arabian sea to south india marches m. D. International. This is the christian Medical College, sponsored in part by more than 20 Church Groups in the United States but actually the dream come true of one woman, granddaughter of the first medical missionary to india. I certainly am very, very happy to be here this afternoon and to welcome you young people as students in this college. When we started, you know, we had one student. And weve grown and grown until we have so many. Im getting rather old but i am very happy to be here with this group today. And i hope i should be here when you all graduate. And i hope you young people are going to go out and do great things for india, and be representative of this place wherever you are. To the villages surrounding, student doctors, trained under an intracial International Staff, take the benefits of their training to the people. One woman accompanies the clinic on this journey. She supervises the emergency work and checking those patients who need her special attention. laughs besides carrying doctors to people, the mobile clinic carries its own pharmacy, dispensing modern medications to those long dependent on a few remedies found in nature. Many line up too to register their children for treatment for scabies, a skin infection caused by a small itch mite,. Once the way is cleared to the infectious areas, all bedlam breaks loose as the children are scrubbed with course coconut fibers to remove the diseased tissue. After they are treated, like newly washed laundry, theyre put out in the sun to dry. In hand, warped by leprosy, desperately clutching the air in exercise along the roadside, are the medical problems of india also reflected. Hope for such hands and those of indias million other lepers is found here in these hands, undergoing special treatment by british Orthopedic Surgeon paul brand. Leprosy patients, who all have some hand deformity. Theyre getting mobilized in preparation for surgery. Here is a typical claw hand. He cant get the hand up straight. He cant get the hand out straight, because these muscles are paralyzed. This boy has had an operation. We picked one of his good muscles and took a tendon graft from his leg and put it right through his hand, to each finger, and now you can see, hes got this is a good point, but no, it wont. We surveyed several thousand of these hands now. And in leprosy, theres an absolutely precise thing. Is that the now, this boy has had an operation on his other hand three weeks ago, so in about a months time, he should be doing good work. And thats really the important thing. These men, you can cure them of leprosy now. But whats the use of being cured of leprosy if youve got a deformed hand, ugly face and you cant get back to your family, your job . By giving them new noses, new eyebrows and working fingers, they can get back to normal lives. In the hospital, a serious operation proceeds under a doctor from boston. A fouryearold child suffering from a heart defect, undergoes what is known as a blue baby operation to restore more normal blood circulation, a type of surgery never performed here until the arrival of thoracic surgeon, dr. Betts. Dr. Betts introduces a new and needed blood supply to the exposed heart by bringing down an artery to the arm and joining it to an artery to the lung. The entire procedure is observed by student doctors in constant training under the new chest surgery teaching program. Dr. Betts checks the newly introduced blood flow by comparing the color of his fingernails with the fast returning color of the childs. And jesus commanded him to be brought on to him, saying, what would thou that i should do unto thee . And he said, lord, that i should restore my sight. Raised in nebraska, and woimg, schooled in and wyoming, dr. Rambo initiated the eye camp, a means of carrying eye surgery out into the field by trailer, to treat those who otherwise might never come to experience the healing power of medical science. Wherever a make shift clinic can be set up for a few days, he brings relief to the many thousands in india blinded by cataracts, the clouding of the lens inside the eye. Entering the eye, made insensitive by anesthesia, dr. Rambo goes down behind the iris, grasps the clouded lens at the bottom with his forceps, rocks it free of its moorings, and tumbles it up and out. Later on, glasses will provide an artificial lens to substitute for the one removed. Few men are more dedicated to their task in life and more enthusiastic about it than dr. Victor rambo. Ive just taken the cataracts out of an old man, who we wouldnt have reached if we hadnt come out on the 350th eye camp, out to the villages of india, where most of the people of india live and where there are a Million People blind, whom our surgery doesnt reach. Now our surgery should reach all of these. For we are, for the love of god, and the friendship of the American People and the friendship of the indian people, joining together to really try and reach the very fellows in the village and we are glad that we are reaching him. One by one, sometimes the number totaling as many as a hundred operated on in a single day, the patients, their eyes bandaged and protected from infection by drops of an antibiotic, are brought out and temporarily placed in the courtyard of the improvised hospital to rest, to rest and wait for the coming of the light. Light that will remove the burden of darkness from them that so long has made them an object of pity, and save them from a lifetime of begging, the traditional occupation of the blind. This, to these, is the true meaning of the instruments that boil on the kerosene stove and the needle that gave them peace. A week or so later, dr. Rambo returns to the patients he left in care of a small staff. Returns to remove the stitches from the operated eyes and check their progress. To conserve time, he works over two patients at once. The bandages are permanently removed but the shields are reapplied and worn for about two more days. In one eye after the other, he finds the promise of what is to come. Finally, the day to receive their glasses. Glasses that will be their new windows on the world, a world with darkness banished, hope rekindled, the spirit reborn. This then is the time for parting, the time for thank you and goodbye. In ways far more expressive than words, to the tall doctor from america. As he stands there, in a remote village of india, surrounded by the sick he healed, see in your minds eye the multiplication of him throughout the whole world and discover not only the blind homeward bound, seeing again, but all the earths peoples seeing that there is hope for peace when man is his brothers keeper. The march of medicine, presented by the american medical association. In cooperation with smith, klein and french laboratories. Produced for the medical television unit, smith, klein and french laboratories. The United StatesPublic Health service originated with an active congress in 1798 for the relief of sick and disabled seamen. The role and responsibilities of what is now called the commissioned corps of the u. S. Public Health Service has changed and evolved over the years since then. Next on reel america, from the work of the Public Health 1936, service. This Public Health service film shows activities of the diseasefighting service. This Program Includes graphic scenes of disease that may be disturbing to some viewers