1760, was purchased by Reynolds American in 2015. Portions of the original audio track in this film are damaged, so there are occasional gaps in the sound. Narrator from minnesota to the mountains of the west, this is the eagle culture for our young and growing nation. Here, immediately following the war between the states, the sioux nation was in full power. Its villages were strong like gleaming beads across the central plains, communities of a migratory people who followed the buffalo, their Single Source of life. Whole families moved with incredible ease to news village to new villages and new hunting grounds, using the horse and that travel ways and the travel the horse and the travois. They were received as brothers among brothers and children of the chief. The warrior hunted to feed his family, and fought to defend them. The man selected the site of his tipi, accomplished the ritual that blasted in the eyes of the great spirit, and left the remaining details to the women. Meanwhile, the men of each family new to the village paid ,heir respects to the chief with symbols of wisdom and authority spread before them. They smoked a ceremonial pipe together. Tobacco to the sioux is a ceremonial fellowship, a sacred substance which softened the heart, making neighbors of men and brothers. They sought peace, asking the wild that heaven and earth to witness to the bond thus far. The western75, atlages of the tribe are peace, war bonnet and lance slept in the thick sunshine and tribes, like clouds, drifted noiselessly by. The men were back on the buffalo trail, and the women were busy with other things, things deeply rooted in the life of the people, things that soothe the eye and warm the heart. These the women did so that reside in their austerity and spirit and theyre all stare tents with an instinct for design pick yulia to her race, the sioux squad took infinite pains for exquisite quality about the most common household objects. People and children also and one oldcamp, man kept the winter count. This was a history of the people used for the instruction of the young. On a buffalo hide were recorded significant events that kept the sioux in touch with their past and shape their decisions for the future. All decisionsoux, past and present were bound up with the buffalo. Quarry,could kill this so could they live. Its meat sustained them, its hide sheltered them, its very leavings were there source of fuel, and because of the advance of the white hand the white man, the great herds were diminishing. The hunters circled the drifting herd, working their way a hind the ridges until the wind was in their favor. I now they had singled out a bowl cows and a loan and a lone bull as their quarry. Together in a vital place, with great power in each aero. The great spirit had guided one arrow to the soft throat of the bull. Without this power greater than themselves, the tribe would not have endured. During cool summer night that the great spirit seemed closest to his people, his presence hovered on the fringe of the campfires, drawn there by medicine man,e who invoked him to bring his infinite strength to bear that the stricken might be cured. [tribal drums being played] even the bravest of warriors can move at the sound of that drum, since the music awoke the unknown and sent troubled forces of the night to brooding and endowed objects with irresistible power. Thus did the medicine man purge the sickness in men, stifling it through fear, grinding neath grinding it beneath the weight of a knife which only he could wield. Great spirit cast other kinds of spells, less terrifying but equally disturbing in the hearts of even the bravest of warriors. In the most common of these was that uncommon sensation called love. Whose maidens were by reputation among the loveliest on the central plains, had a traditional form of courtship. It occurred most often at a watering place, where the gentle sounds of water could be counted on to lull the beloveds resistance, and the young suitor, so much more suited pursuing a young buffalo than a young bride, could rely on his instrument to speak for his heart. [flute playing] traditionally, the sioux maiden gave no sign of hearing anything more significant than the wistful murmur of the water, the signing of the wind in the weeds, and perhaps the shriveling of a stray bird ing of a stray bird. That said solo was a prelude to her victory. A preluded solo was to her victory. The warrior would only get permission to marry her after presenting him with horses stolen from a neighboring drive neighboring tribe. The day of the wedding came and went, and the bride prepared herself, she bathed in a pure spring where brides before her had come to be cleansed. And on the morning of the wedding day they dressed her, placing lovely moccasins on her feet for this moment, parting her hair with a combing stick with exquisite care, and speaking to her as bridesmaids have spoken since the dawn of life on earth. At the wedding feast, relatives and friends war their finest eagle feathers, moccasins, and porcupine quill dress. It was a splendid occasion for the bride and groom, who like couples everywhere, suffered through it. Food was prepared in a buffalo paunch which now held water, but contributed to flavor. Redhot stones were dropped into bring the water quickly to a boil. Then chunks of meat were added, and were cooked in a matter of minutes. Old utensils were used for serving, carved long ago by a master craftsman and handed down across generations. And afterwards, they expressed happiness in the way they knew best. Such choice occasions called for the rabbit dance, simple, spontaneous, and yet subtle. Singing] it was the custom that bride and aoom did not participate, and kindly custom indeed come up for both were too shy at that moment to move even their eyes. Then there was the execution of the marriage contract. No document was written, no words spoken, but the father of the bride and the father of the groom, and the presence of their children, spoke together of one this smoked together on one pipe, and by this act formed the union and laid before them there most treasured heirlooms, their ceremonial tobacco pouches. This done, they escorted the bride to her husbands tepee. Here was a triumphal march, marking the victory of order over chaos in the warrior society. Here was the promise of enduring life for the eagle culture. The wordring of 1876, traveled like the north wind among villages of sioux, freezing hearts and hardening the resolve of chiefs. There was no road left for survival but the warpath. Messengers shuttled between villages, weaving the war party together, wringing news of sitting bull and crazy horse and news that the cheyenne would fight behind their sioux brothers and that white cavalry under custer was on the march set the sioux camp to stirring, warriors to sharpening their eyes, their arrows and their hearts for the battle yet unborn. The bright days that followed were stained by ominous smoke signals, bearing word of the enemy. Hing women traveled as everywhere in all places at all times when the thunderheads of war gather on the horizon. The signals spoke of the great war Party Gathering to defend the land at the little bighorn. June 25, 1876, the combined horses of crazy horse and sitting bull met the calvary at the little bighorn river and destroyed them. The sioux had won a great battle lost their war against the progress of civilization. The eagle fell before and even greater eagle, which symbolized a young nation spreading its wings across a continent, its eyes on tomorrow. Which withstood the shock of custers cavalry fell before the meshing of gears in the forward flow of machinery. It fell to the dakota earth, not before the carbine, but before the combine, not war but wheat was the siouxs undoing. Live in an area bounded by the black hills, fringed by the sun blasted badlands and along the serpentine missouri river. They lived in the shadow of mount rushmore, democracys shrine permanently engraved on the dakota hills. They live in the shadows. Eagle has fallen out of the light and into the shadows, and there is chaos in his flight, the deep shadows of poverty and bewilderment, reservation lands these proudielding, wielders of the lance never taking to the plow, a proud, restless, happy people, constantly seeking a place in the sun. The sioux can be found drawn by the holiday spirit, the color which goes to the heart of their past, contrasting so sharply with their present. Pathetic, the flight of the fallen eagle who drags its feathers in the dust, gamely walking, silently observing that quality which is his own legacy, called culture. And effort is maintained to encourage people to maintain arts and crafts for aesthetic and cultural reasons. Sioux beadwork is prized by the connoisseur, which although masculine in spirit, is delicate in spirit. Truly indigenous, and it goes with good things. Rosebud,ations like the government and others minister to the health of those who have not fared well physically in their transition from hunting to an agrarian way problems have steadily been reduced. Certainly no people could be more at home on horseback, or more trained for the open range, but obstacles to success, among them, insufficient grazing areas, soil erosion, and complex problems in land ownership. And yet the sioux today finds hope at his feet. Thing, thehe flowing missouri. It was along this river that the white man first found him and named him, and now the missouri has become his promise of a place in the sun, for the nation which conquered him is today engaged in conquering the river, directing huge dams like fort like fort peck. One day these lands these dams will lace the land with ofer, forces capable powering homes, controlling floods, irrigating earth, and yes, bringing a fallen people to their feet. The Missouri Valley will become an industrial area, new strength for america and a new source of opportunity for americans, red as well as white. Progress which destroyed the sioux now gives promise of. Estitution thus a People Living with an find living for the present net for the preservation of the dignity of man. A sioux indian winter