All right cool, thank you for coming out today, thank you to alexandria for hosting and helping set up, for the happy hour after this boy, so we will get we were looking for two afterwards, this is the first inaugural war symposium, so we think cspan hopefully will be an annual event so keep your eyes out for next year symposium, keep up with emerging revolutions, summit and you can also follow us on facebook, twitter to find everything we are up to you and you could also check out our books, robin phil wrote a book and i am myself wrote a book. I have a couple of books coming out data. So keep up with us, you know im really glad that boy we had the inaugural symposium. But it is also George Washingtons hometown and you can go to cities, in new york, philadelphia, charleston everywhere you go there are plaques and monuments, George Washington sub tier, he spent a couple couple hours here, he spent more honest and getting his suits here walking the streets, russia being here so its really a great place to have this in addition in washington literally serving the streets when you walk out of this building, there is a lot of other revolutionary war stories, you have the car little house where young George William carlo was killed in the battle utah spree asked, and ate the camp and it was also the when he lived here later in life and theres probably more things today of being the father of a confederate general but he was a great revolutionary war soldier and he coined the phrase furniture in washington for being first in more in the hearts of this country. And the building are actually constructed and 1839, this was constructed for this purpose, knowledge about an important subjects, this is an awesome place to hold the symposium and talk about this, so i think you all everyone learned a lot and the topic was interesting but this symposium was calls before they were americans, im gonna ask a couple of questions and i want to get you involved to you so if you have questions as well feel free to walk over to the microphone and you can stand in line and throw questions from the panelists as well. But for a fresh question after listening to all these different talks and seeing how the america colonist started this progression from being british to americana, my first question is how it you all defiant being british and defiant being america on. On and data dont jump in and that was dad, maybe something from here talk or is that too vague a question. Data so whether its smallpox, what point do they stop being british and start being american and is there something in this on. All just say they accepted being british because that is all they had known, they were burnt into a, grandparents were and they believe that at that time it was the extent of freedom for that, freedom of lives in the minds and hearts of all men and women, the greatest desire for anything is to be free, its what extends freedom, they had the oppressor king in george the first telling them that this was the extent of their freedom. Some group became conscious that data about having the guts to take them and turn it into an movement politically and ideologically on thats what turns into a military conflict and its that military conflict that secures that ideology on. I want to push back on your question, im sorry mark i think its a, i think that its a question that we can ask in 2019 but i think its a complicated was because by asking on this we are assuming that everybody wanted the revolution everybody wanted to be american versus british, on i think its important to take a step back and realize that we love to see things were split down and three on. There is part of the 13 rebelling colonies, some people did have a political ideology that would flip towards this are being loyalist and being loyal to the king and Crown Department and some just want to be left out of it all together others still, thinking about enslaved African Americans, do they want freedom . Absolutely today was freed on absolutely, what venue that gives me the freedom that i need you have African Americans that upped up more on clinton later but i think people, english versus Something Else at least we have to change the questioner different parameters. Im gonna turn that question on its head for the people that a study loyalists in the smallpox off a make its not necessarily when became america or when diversity subject. For them its five an american and they realize that theyre having their sense taken away from them based on a political ideology, so they come in like my guide trying to integrate into virginia for society is mc on he is in that theyre refused to let them take on me on elite that they were so proud, of for him when i might and america get any never found the answer to that on so on at least from my scott merchants. Can i just say that i agree with everything. On one of the things is the night in any way british americas for virginia and more South Carolina and more when someone says when im an american or whatnot so i think its good that what they are and what are not there, grad school and took a class and areas African Americans on the theyre not African American and they dont know what there is is there is movement to bring them back to africa, iberian otherwise they dont assimilate there is so for me what happened personally if i put myself in their shoes its probably when i pick up a musket and fire i think on im not as british as i thought, if i am a loyalist and im still a British American until the day i die. On so we keep we have a discussion about aged any every time so i think, it depends on what that persons choices for the community. I think identity plays a big role in all this and you mentioned firing i think on and concord where there is a man saying, you know an englishmans home his castle and firing into the british some people still held on to this identity, so at the same time on the revolution on coming to grips with what america now but youre also here and virginia and how do i identify i think its an interesting and try to do that but going back to this process, to think this revolution was inevitable on along this process there was seven point that this could not have happened on. And we become americas, was this inevitable on our couldve taken a different turn, thoughts on that . That is a tough question its the type of revolution it is an, an they can be settled by this case they wouldve been with the cake it couldve been like the American Civil War and how on and by saying that many slavery. Something that couldve it, when it comes to the revolution i dont know because we were talking about on today that a lot of the things that the colonists had grievances about where miniscule on, its almost like they were looking for a way to break away somehow on, so with the americans wouldve been appeased forward if we tried Something Else to spark revolution, i dont know on. I have a problem with the question. No i think picking up from your point, i think its important to remember that the American Revolution over the years leading up to an end of this happened in a vacuum and the colonists and rebelling were soon to be rebelling north america british colonies are not the only people having these revolutionary conversations and im thinking about, i think you is john wilcox he was having a problem on, there is the freedom of the press happening there and they are really incredible conversations about on and we have on display. The back of these have this engraving, there is a picture of a bird playing in a open cage where you see is that you would think these would made in boston, so that just goes to show that these ideals in conversations about liberty but it means to have freedom on the fact that it is let it goes up in the face of the american colonists is one thing but i think its much more interesting to think why didnt happen and in around to london where parliament has this conversation as well, just thought. Yeah and there is another thing, why did it happen here i guess phil wrote about this it is there something about why boston on. Do i answer the right posture question or another . On so i have is a revolution did this in the way of a history revolution they dont want to change the Company Rules because they spent while overcoming this it who is going to be control of certain aspects so it is an inevitable, whos gonna control the taxes and what it ties the body to it, now we are also, if you look as soon as the frenchman entering in the war where the british troops out to defend their empire so it shows that we have this in these 13 colonies are important its it inevitable i think yes because these question on have to be answered, and i think john is imprisoned as early as the 17 sixties his language picked up by this and learned material, so it is or if anyone way we wouldve had a revolution in this crisis and so forth so theyre dry and maybe the dont get it on and it on broke this job by what it happened, yes on how do we control it empire how do we tax columnist it keeps the east in the proclamation line there is an interesting point with the three threes, besides the americana frontier besides the americana boundary that its all decided and no native american his present at this decision so there is another inevitable conflict coming up, so yes there is the powder can be started and it just happened that a bunch of people in boston were planning it had that system in place it when it did happen they were very well organized. Look how quickly they were able to get this on and get the message out that they were defending us and it was the british that were the aggressors, same thing happen in the civil war. I mean lincoln debating the southerners saying that there were no aggressors in the war. What they said. Okay im minister with my questions here. Im with this considered of what was going on more important and what was going on in north america and what factors since the colonizers usually focused on the extraction of natural resources, would roll that they got out of north america played in the future of british colonies on. Now gold and silver. Im not sure they know how to answer your question but i did want to point out someone mentioned earlier that George Washington was revered and england after the war, there right now her feelings something that is interesting to think about is the way that his defeat and he worked out and kind of the end of the British Empire in north america, how that turns the lights to india and when you hear the phrase the sun doesnt go to the empire, its the empire but i think that is an interesting way of looking at that question and i think it was about what was lost but how does that shift to the other side of the world and once again to another. She is right about that too because if you look at india, a lot of folks argue whether or not thats true and the british kind of had a hard in this because india is such a big deal at that point, should be focusing on tomorrow and when you look at cornwall us in the United States you see it as a sad individual losing at the battle of your town but really carlos is revered in england because of india, in fact a lot of my loyalists after the original scenario more set of packing up they jump on board with karen lawless and head into india, and fact quite a lot of demand of staying there for the rest of their lives because of that, so the British Empire they certainly had their sights said on the american economies werent anymore, news india. I am back a little bit to the caribbean into what was lost and gained, if anyone has been to the island of barbados the only place where washington on leaves, the side point is they havent a sign that says we saved washington before we save the United States, but if you travel outside the house they will invite you down and they had had also to protect it from the french, frigate half an for this. You look at the ram and everything else, them last essentially or, more 18 sentry preservatives to the american colonies yeah on to the great bread it but these islands are so valuable that clinton had this what you are all grant had this so the islands are important and the fighting that goes into this, and when the call nice try to rave the bahamas and there is a gentle man out here who is probably giving the authority look because i was too late when he has to say with the continental marines but that is what was gained or lost but there is these islands are very important and today you can see the on for its bills to protect. Yeah thats the same reason why the french gave this as well, was a really worth defending canada, probably overseas prevention that they had with a few acreage of snow on, its head all of the book is an. So ive got one last question i want you each to answer, since thought of our focus is gone going to say its really an industry happens and the best place to go visit and learn about how we became americans on various a good place . I cannot obvious one . So i travel, out all give a bit but mount fernand off the road theyve done a fantastic job of a lot of the red innovations theyve done if youve not seen on the new exhibit its absolutely phenomenal that this is engaging the narrative because i think all the time we talk about emerging American Revolution and we always forget about that population as well, on its incredibly important to see what they were doing during the revolutionary era and what happened to it and if you havent been there to see it you are in town today and if youre in town tomorrow he seriously say should go look at it because they have done an absolutely incredible job on. I will say that it is just phenomenal, i cannot folk but also the American Revolution and what we try to do a gallery is to tell a holistic view really from the viewpoint of people who lived it on. George washington is an important part but more so through the ordinary people who live in an extraordinary time of the revolutionary era that is a process of the atlantic as well, it really on encourage you to see this gallery and its an exhibition called crown soldier that talks about African Americans and difficult opportunities and people face, not just in a revolution but a revolutionary time for sure. I am a military historian and im proud to admit that with the military history shot a little bit but ideas are great on. But you have to go to people froze and walking on a laboratory trail theyre already grounds of the things are undecided where washingtons decided that they are coming in from all types African American troops from rhode island command or on Daniel Morgan and so where these are the sites where its decided, everybody wants to be George Washington or Martha Washington or abigail but it takes thousands of men to an answer those questions whether theyre successful or not to be noncommittal. Any of these places are monuments that talk about what we have done and thats a question i ask when youre in a car for air conditioning on and you decide and you go back to the coroner say others uniforms here on, but take a moment and realize that uniforms are being shot, and not being fed, not being paid fighting for a white is in america on so that is what drove like grad school and continues to drive me, so any battlefields then. You dont even need to be in a battlefield to think about the sacrifice, just a few blocks from here you can see the tomb of the adnan revolutionary war soldiers so very narrow check that out check it out, if you have anything billy . Im gonna take a very lazy approach but i feel meaningful, if you want to learn why the revolutionary war is important step outside, just prevented, look around you see those buildings and people live their victory every single, day we are here because of their service and sacrifice of their willingness to commit and the ideology in form of government that they didnt even know would succeed or exist for that lock in here, 250 years later, thats it. You know i will say what i think it should be, before places like this for constricted, for people to sit around and discuss topics, where to people like to discuss the politics of the day, was at a tavern and thats gonna segue right into our next stop on his gas bees, constructed after the revolution but it was in town friends like isps and later after the revolution people like George Washington with frequent creases like it, so i hope you come with us over a walk down and pass the karlyn shot, and over to gasps and we like to chat with you more. One last thing, this is selfless promotion but there is a great upending saying one of our books that show all the ones in boston. Photos were taken the next day, with that we will continue the conversation. Thank you again for our panelists on. Next, on American History tv, university of New Hampshire professor eliga gould delivers an address called making peace in britain, ireland, and america 1778 to 1783. He describes the efforts of several peace commissions to end the revolutionary war and the events leading up to the 1783 treaty of paris. This keynote talk was part of a three day conference, cohosted by the museum of the American Revolution, Pritzker Military museum library, and the richard c. Von hess foundation. Good evening, all, and