Toure cspan cities theludes its look to we are here at the deerwood ranch near centennial, wyoming, 4700 acres, elevation 8000 feet, 62 frostfree days a year. Mustangs,nd me as the the herd of horses. We now have 370 of them that we , feedand take care of them 365 days a year, and whether we are physically taking food out to them or they are just grazing, it is all part of the program. In 2010 the bureau of Land Management had the solicitation to apply,e landowners or write a grant, to take wild mustangs, the horses, off public lands and put them on private lands. Basically all we do is grow grass and sell grass, so we applied and fortunately, we were accepted out of 20 people. We are unique right here four other sanctuaries around that were at limitedt kind of a time, so to speak, during the summertime. The other sanctuaries are unique, but here we are in the and actual habitat with a lot of wild animals to begin with. We applied. We wrote a grant, and then we were accepted, basically, for the proposal we gave them, of being the very first ecosanctuary. Our governor specified with that program that all the horses so when wyoming horses, they started bringing horses, every horse that was brought here was originally from wyoming. Even though a truckload, 35 or so, maybe came from colorado, or we did have a couple of truckloads from oklahoma, but they were all wyoming horses originally, and came back to their place of birth so to speak. We have 370 horses. Byt was a number established us and the bureau of Land Management. It is the number we ended up with, and we are just taking a be steps and trying to understand, can we sustain these horses, andhese this amount of horses . A we can take more, there is process everybody goes through to acquire more horses, and if for some reason we had to take horses away, there is really not even any place to take them that wouldnt be crowded already. It is a cooperative agreement, where we take care of the horses under their specifications, and they pay us to do that. Like anybody, if you were bringing cattle or anything into we take care of them under their specifications and they pay us accordingly. Fortunately, the blm is very up on all of that. They have helped us set up some food plots, or areas that we can are having af we terrible drought year or something, we can determined by satellite to what extent. Also, there is a body condition score that each house that each horse, that they require that you be in that realm. Nowthey visit periodically, more just for monitoring and from their standpoint, as opposed to when they first came out, nobody really knew what an ecosanctuary was going to be. So between us and them and with the cooperative agreement, we have kind of made a model, i guess, of what the blm would like, what direction they wanted to go with. And with our management, it helps. That dont eat this grass is available or harvest it, it is actually detrimental. Theyth them grazing it, are helping us take care of the land as well, by eating it. We felt they are very efficient, selfsufficient, im not calving them, which makes my life easier. These are all gilded horses, meaning that there are male horses that cant reproduce. Have nono mares and we studs that are out in the wild. All are part of the family, so to speak, that helps them reproduce. Help are helping in the sense that we wont reproduce. They will live the rest of their lives here as natural as possible. Theire probably increased lifespan from true wild to our sanctuary by a minimum of 10 years, at least. So they are having a very good life. I always said when i die, i would like to come back one, because they are very well taken care of. We are in a controlled situation take care ofway we them, we control the grazing, we control their movement, we control and make sure they are in adequate feet all the time, food, water, protection. They are being watched daily, usually three times a day we are wild, thes in the specific place they are at maybe it is droughty, so they are out of food, well, you cant just go in and move them or control that, as opposed to what we get to do here on our own private land. The challenges are like in every weather, weure, the might have a very good grass year this year and next year it could be just the opposite, where you have no grass. And it is kind of hard. If everybody had that crystal ball, we would all be happy, but that is the risk that you take. And you try to minimize those as good as you can. There are some days when you question that, your ability, but if you just hold on, usually it turns out. In my opinion, it is another tol that the blm can use help sustain the life of the icon, or mustang. And it gives the public a chance to actually view them up close and personal, as opposed to trying to locate them in the wild. And it helps to educate the public, and know the actual upsides and downsides of trying to maintain a wild horse. We are a family. For generations live here, and we all feel like sharing this place, just so people can understand the importance of openpen ground door ground, or ground people can look at and say, they are working very hard to keep it maintained. By no means do we ever want to ruin the place. There have actually been people who say, you are just going to ruin it by bringing horses in or by doing this are doing that, but on the contrary, there is no reason we would want to do that because we enjoy living here, we enjoy doing what we are doing. You get up every day, and every day is a challenge. Today i could be doing an interview with you, and tomorrow i might be a plumber or an electrician or a veterinarian. I have to help an animal with the sickness. We are not out here trying to save every horse. If Mother Nature says this horse is not going to survive, they wont. I mean, we dont intervene with the veterinarian. Now, if one is suffering, we dont allow that to happen, which i think is very humane. But the horse, after he passes goes backer reason, the birds, the coyotes, all the animals that would come by would clean him likeat what they could, they would try to look for food every day. It is a part of the cycle that we allow to happen. What you will be able to find is and they all have a buddy, we just enjoy seeing that. And if you are here long enough, they have their personalities, and these were actually three strike courses. What i mean by that, they had Three Chances to be adopted to somebody, and maybe they didnt fit that criteria, whether they were able to be trained for whatever reason, or i dont know, maybe someone just didnt like the color of the horse. So when they get three strikes, they are not put back into the adoption. So they will come to a place like this, where they are housed for the rest of their lives. Temasrse was one of the courses. He was actually saddle broke and returned back to the blm. And he is obviously used to people coming up to him, but being turned back, he is no longer in the program, he is what is called a three strike course. So saddle broke his here with us, and he helps us tame the other wild horses. They are all branded with the federal blm brand, you can see the u. S. It is kind of a bar system. The brand is a freeze brand. Bars are on the number zero, for example. U. S. , the put the first number you will see is the year when they gathered them, the year that they felt when they were born. There is also a serial number, their Registration Number or whatever, and we also have a paper on each horse. So when one does die or we got a new one, we received the paper, and we can identify them and they are accounted for. You know, the role of the mustang, you can hear all kinds of stories and i have learned a lot. I have been educated through in whopeople who come are historians or have dealt a lot with the mustangs, and just the development of our land and the horse was a main part of transportation for hunting and just getting from one place to another. I think they get jealous of one another when one gets a little more attention than the others, they just have that personality and they can certainly tell if somebody is having a bad day or even a good day. Love of the horse is really nationwide, not just specific to a farmer or a rancher. We have really bought into the program, and our goal is to try to help on the communication part, where we can build a bridge between the elm and the knowc, and let the public the blm people, they are the right people to have in there. They know how to manage them, and we should just let them do their job. That is what we feel. Hopefully we can continue to do this, there has to be a solution and we need to be able to get along and agree to that. And in the meantime, it is another tool for the blm to be able to have for a place to put and hopefully more people maybe could jump in and do that understand it is another form of agriculture and helping to preserve the icon. Cities tour staff traveled to laramie, wyoming, to learn about its rich history. To learn more about laramie and other stops, go to cspan. Org citiestour. You are watching American History tv, all weekend every weekend on cspan3. Next saturday we will mark the 30th anniversary of the fall of the berlin wall. American history tv and cspans washington journal will be live beginning at 7 00 a. M. Eastern with three hours of interview and viewer calls from the newseum in washington dc. This is American History tv, where we explore our nations past all weekend, every weekend, on cspan3. Tv,ext on American History military historian Gregory Erwin talks about challenges the british army faced in adapting to north american terrain and battle tactics during the revolutionary war. The museum of the american revolution, Pritzker Museum and the richard vann has foundation cohosts this event as part of a threeday international conference. My name is philip mead, director of Curatorial Affairs on the american revolution, and it is my pleasure to welcome today to welcome to welcome today ,resident Gregory Urwin professor of American History from the revolution through world war ii. A longtimerwin is friend of this museum project. As one of it is one of