Test test. This is a captioning test. Test test test so this is another way to essentially decimate the asylum system. Im curious, sue, as to the roam of unhdr along the border, i dont know, just a moment, sue or dylan if you can talk to us and share that. I think pr is on the next panel hdr walk. Perhaps she can speak more on that, just sort of off the record what ive heard is its just very tricky for them. The u. S. Is the number one funder to uchdr. There are some some what are they called borderly liaisons or whatever, there is pun in el paso and one in san diego. But they have to keep a low profile and its unhcr mexico that is funding our work on the mexico side of the border. But its like an emphasis on mexican accessing mexican women. It has, we have to be tricky about it. We still provide information and referrals to, on the u. S. Asylum system. But you know they cant come out and be as strong apparently about this issue. But ill leave that to our unhcr colleagues to go into more depth. Smart. So, just one more question before we open it up to our audience. Im curious, dylan, are you seeing any other crossborder initiatives similar to the Hope Institute in other border points and its my understanding as well the Hope Institute initiative is a faithbased initiative as well. So if you could share that information with us. There is a lot of work is going on. It means a lot of faithbased work is going on. The network of Migrant Children throughout mexico is largely a faithbased initiative. Its been going on for some time. Theyre bearing the burden of it, the transfer. Weve transferred the burden of this problem. I think joel stated it well to see juarez in mexico and that work has largely been taken up by faith based organizations. But every the situation is so fluid. Even when you look at a program in mexico, the way its rolled out in different parts of the border is the look is very, very different, depending on where you are. Its hard to coordinate across different sectors of the border and throughout mexico. But, yeah, there are a number of faithbased initiatives. They look very different. Most of them are scrappy and grass roots and they have been doing this work for a long time from okay. Thank you. So, wed like to give an opportunity to folks to ask us your questions, to give us your thoughts, any information you have if you have been on the border . So please, there is a microphone here and a microphone on the other side. Everyone is too sad. Im going to ask a hopeful question at the very end. Okay. Yes. Hi, thank you very much. My name is beth im a reporter for wnyc public radio in new york. Joel covers national immigration. I cover what happens in new york. Im like joel, i started doing this after trump got elected. I was an education reporter for ten years. So its been quite an education. I focus on whats happening in new york, which has the largest Immigration Court in the country and four out of ten new yorkers are foreign born. All of this is a big issue. And i would typically see immigration judge master calendar hearings of 80 to 100 each morning in new york. Tons and tons of families coming from the border and its still very busy. But with what you are describing, id like to know more how the pipeline may be narrowing and if i will be seeing as a reporter big changes in terms of the number of people coming from the border . Because there were so many people and the families were being pushed through on an expedited docket and judges had to decide on their cases very quickly if they came from the border. Do you see that this pipeline is going to who is getting through is what i want to know . How much is it going to change and how soon . Maybe i can start. You know, a significant amount of folks are still getting through. When you look at remaining in mexico, i think its somewhere around 50,000 folks who have been subject to this between 40,000 and 50,000 folks all across the border subject to the program. I think we have the data for what are we in september . So i think we have the data from, no, october, i think we have the august numbers, were trending down significantly. Were in the 66 60,000 folks, were approaching 50,000 for september in terms of arrivals to the u. S. Mexico border over that month. So the numbers are definitely trending down. As a result of remaining in mexico as a result of the deployment of the military to both side of the border and throughout the country as a result of a number of these different actions that weve talked about. So theyre having an effect on those numbers. Always at the end of the summer there is always a bit of a trending down. But if you look at just that number we maining in members cox, 55,000, thats a small slice of the population. So there are still significant folks who are getting through. In el paso, though, its gone down dramatically. Yeah. Go ahead. Sorry. So there was a point where were having 1,000 folks a day or more released into el paso some months ago. Now were about 100, 154 released every day into el paso. So folks are getting through. Ill just say this and turn it over to sue, what particularly is troubling to me about remaining in mexico, the fact that it forces people to remain in our court system in el paso, is that there were tremendous disparities in the courts, in the Immigration Courts throughout the country. When you look at Immigration Courts on the border, the adjudication level, the percentage goes way down in a place like el paso, there are judges who are basically never granted asylum. We hover between 1 or 2 approval rate every year. Nationally its about 40 in el paso, because of aggressive measures by many administrations to crock down on the border. Thats why we have these inequalities that are present in the Immigration Court system. So if you are trapped in the el paso system, you are at a disadvantage if you cant get to somewhere like new york. So thats also troubling about these programs, which forced people to stay on the border. No, no, so in terms of who is getting through, like i was trying to say before, its pretty random in terms of the spanish speakers who are subject to mpp. They let some include and some dont. I think what ive shaerd that it depends on how many people mexico will allow them to turn back into whatever border city that day. Because the mexican authorities also put limits on how many can be returned. Maybe ten people that day will be detained instead of some back. Its random. Also nonspanishspeaking people, Asylum Seekers and mexicans will be going through and programs ending up in systems like new york. And we are seeing a rise ining aen Asylum Seekers as well, although, many of them are being sort of kept in the southern part of mexico by the mexican army and not even being able to reach the border, but yet especially like in tiyawna there is ti juana, people are asked me how that will affect the flow. I want to point out our country transit van keeps folks from being able to apply for asylum. But they can still get the perhaps the lesser protection of withholding of removal or protection under relief up to date the convention against torture, which are obviously not as good as getting asylum and are a higher be urd to meet. But theoretically, judges will still have to hear their cases to see if they qualify for those protections. So its not like all those cases are just going to disappear. And i think just practically speaking, putting on my practice hat in having been down there, so its three categories, right . Its mpp, which are if i had to close my eyes. The mpp are nonmexican spanish speakers by and large rememb. Right . Then your Central Americans. And you are metering list, nonmexican, nonspanish seek asylum speakers generally. Spanish speakers are also on that list. Then have you your mexicans. So its three categories, folks, thats how i remember it. Then have you your mexicans on the borpder trying to seek asylum. Its also metered. Some are metered, some of them arent. So when i was just down on the border two weeks ago, the fe tom none that we saw in juarez was the count when i left was 1,750 mexicans sleeping on the streets at bridge points, three bridge points. They were seeking asylum. They were afraid to go back home. Each and every one i spoke to for two days were afraid of Cartel Violence and they were waiting on the bridges. There was a copy book kept by two migrants on two distinct bridges with the names. There was another copy book on the third bridge kept by a soldier. So its like this fox in the hen house, right . Because we heard a little bit about corruption and the authorities, mexican authoritys relationship with the cartels. There you got your whole witness list, right . If somebody is looking for somebody or somebody wants the names of somebody, there is your list. So for those three groups, thinking of triblg and flow, lets talk trick him and flow. Lets talk about the mexicans first. With the mexicans there is no mechanism in place like there is for the metered group in juarez i seen two weeks ago, meaning there is no cbb officer that says okay you got 500 here, 300 here. What object the list . Well take 20 in today. Right. So people can count on it and i say i will prepare and i will go in. There are no mechanism. Some of the bridges are nicer than others the free bridge seemed to people. I had to advocate the day i was there to get 16 people in, the youngest being a 15monthold baby. They sent the fate bridge the day i was there ied aco advocate, 12 people, three separate families had to wait in 95 degree heat three hours the youngest child there was 2yearsold before they would accept them for interviews. Then i had calls from some of the bridge attendants being the migrants saying since i was there a full day later, ten days, no one else had been admitted. Right. I dont know if thats retaliation, chaos, metering people first. Because i have a lot of questions, im not going to assume, you have your mpps, your metering, who actually the Mexican Government is involved and talking to cbp on the phone and saying okay i got the group. Then have you your mexicans sleeping on the streets, im talking baby, infants, infants sleeping on the streets and random in waiting to get called so thats the situation. So in terms of trickle, beth, thats a good point. So in theory, your mexicans who are crossed, right. So ive reported and talked to some of the family members after, my one gal who was four months pregnant was released. Her two nephews were released. Theyre in north carolina. Her husband and her brother were detained. So there is people being detained. What is not clear to me you have the mexicans seeking asylum go in, are they going to be detained indefinitely . Are they going to be getting ankle bracelets . Are they going to be released, et cetera . The same with the metering folks. Frankly, i havent been looking at those numbers, were focusing on juarez and trying to find council. But i do think its an issue. So im wondering if, no more questions, folks. Please come to the mic. I have this young woman here and i have this gentleman here. Hi, everybody. Thank you for being here. So i think on the last panel we touched on this idea of how much Border Security is enough Border Security and i think you also touched at the beginning in opening remarks about how borders and communities often dont have a voice in a lot of the decisions being made so if we lived in an ideal universe where people are finally able to come to the table and have this discussion, what would that look look for border when border communities, if terms of border communities, what would you guys ask for . What would an ideal version of that be . Thats a good question trchlt. We might have a separate panel on that. It has to be more diplomatic in my gestures, apparently. I mean, its a complex question only in this sense, because there is like the broad vision. Right . There is also the reality so let me start with the reality. If you look at the beginning of the bush administration, we had about 11,000 on paper and because Border Patrol has incredible problems with retension, Border Patrol agents, we had about 3,000 i. C. E. Ero, the deportation agents or their equivalent and we had cbp numbers, im not sure, i want to say around 12, 13,000. Since then, today, those Border Patrol numbers have jumped from 11,000 to 19, 20, 21,000. Again its hard because of retention issues and recruitment issues, Border Patrol agents. Effectively weve doubled Border Patrol since then. We have 8,000 i. C. E. Deportation agents. Weve more than doubled i. C. E. Very little growth in the cbp agents who actually facilitate legal tourism, trade, people who go back and forth. In juarez, if you dont know our border communities, they are against each other in juarez and el pas so if you looked at it from the sky you wouldnt be able to them where one started and the other ended. We crossed every day to study, eat, to be with family, work, go to school, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. So cbp agents are facilitating that stuff every day and oplienled to facilitate legal asylum. Which theyre not doing. Their metering folks. So weve invested a huge amount. The footprint of the federal government is huge. On top of that, on top of the socalled boots on the ground, we have you know drones and our communities are militarized. We have drones and we have walls and we have checkpoints, which are in our communities, where you have to stop and divide, literally divide our community into documented, undocumented. And so, we have militarized the government with this massive federal government footprint which disproportionately impacts us as border communities and effectively, weve turned those 100 miles of the border into a deconstitutionalized zone. Wait, it can come to you, too. Were not 100 miles away from the ocean right now. This is legally the border, too. So you will see that, the boarder is a harbinger of things to come. So its a Civil Liberties question as well, in terms of resources, we were spending in 2004 about 11 billion on Border Security. Right now were like around you all know how hard it is to track the federal budget. But its about 22 billion. When we hit that 22 billion in the Obama Administration that was significant because that meant that we were spending more on other federal law enforcement, fbi, secret service, dea, atf, u. S. Marshals, all that combined. Thats where our priorities are as a country in terms of Immigration Enforcement on i. C. E. And cbp, all that stuff. The fact is that every single time we get immigration reform, there has been a lot of it, or there is an opportunity for immigration reform, so under the reagan administration, under the clinton administration, the opportunity we had under the bush administration, the opportunity under the Obama Administration, the fact is every single time we get reform or an opportunity to reform, we always get more border enforcement. It is never enough. Its never enough. The boarder is always sold down the river. And that happened with the Obama Administrations plan as well. And we didnt even get reform. But we got more enforcement. So if were going to have living in the real world, if were going to have that massive federal government footprint, if the federal government is going to be on our neck like that at the border, then at least we need to inject transparency, accountability and oversight into that system at a minimum. In the utopian world, and this can be another panel, we would demille tarrize and we would think about the border differently. Just one example. We think of the border as this place that has to be sealed. Thats whats wrong with the wall. People have a visceral action. Its just a tool of national security. For us at the wall what it does is deepens the othering of the folks on the other side of the wall. We think the other side of the wall is dirty and dangerous and the people over there are threats. And it makes us think that were innocent and we can just wash our hands of everything that happens. Were not involved in the trafficking of drugs and people. Were not involved in the inequality that generates migration. James baldwin says americans areen addicted to innocence. That would solidifies that. So we need to get towards demille tarization. Okay. I have, thank you. We do need another panel. Maybe sooner rather than later. Im going to take this gentlemans question and lets be mindful, we have one more gentleman. Thank you, sir. My name is dan wilson from Building One Community in stanford, connecticut. Thank you very much. The word has been mentioned a few times in your comments, the word cruelty, which is the one word description of trumps policy towards asylum and other humanitarian relief. I have a question that dylan sort of touched on, began to touch on. This is taking place in the context of, of the large scale legitimate legal commercial and Human Movement across the border every day. City itself like el paso are among the most dynamic in the country. Juarez is also a very dynamic place despite the crime issues in the city. To what extent is this crackdown, this sealing of the border having an effect on all of the other activities that take place every day going across the border, goods and people . Are you seeing it in the el paso Business Community . Are you seeing it in the juarez Business Community . Because engaging those actors and those stake holders in this is going to be a part of the solution. Yeah. A one minute answer, yeah, certainly there has been an effect. I can give it to you in economic terms. We had flat line growth over the past two years. You cant make a direct correlation. Okay. Thats one data point. Weve had tax revenues in the city of el paso, the city had gone down for the first time in a long time. So theres been a direct effect on the economy. Remember, Something Like 30 Million People cross the border between juarez and el paso every year and there are billions of dollars in them, in commerce between the two communities that pass through juarez and el pass so and our economy is, we are bound up their economy. To go back to the el paso shooting, there were folks from juarez who were victims of that because they had come to the walmart. Folks, every weekend, if you were to go to that walmart where the shooting happened, youd see tons and tons of juarez license plates. Our economies are so interlinked, even the manufacturing in juarez, many of the stuff comes over the border several times, because it comes over for value added and goes back. Were interconnected our two communities and so there has been a Chilling Effect and because of the hardening of the border, that costs money thats real dollars that have been affected by the slowdown in the traffic in the free trade traffic that goes back and forth so definitely there is an effect. Sorry. Thank you. Unfortunately, im wondering if you can come up and talk to us after the panel, sir, and ask the question . I have one more final question. I wanted to end on a hopeful note. So i have one question. And id like you all to answer it with one sentence. What is one hopeful thing or one hope you have or what makes you hopeful or encouraged relating to what you have seen and what you have worked on at the border . And well start with joel. I guess it would be that the appetite for stories about the border and about immigration is bigger than what i remember from before this administration and then even from the early days of it. I think thats the audience, thats my editors, thats everybody understands the importance of a story and its, you know, its become more of a priority and will that put pressure on stake holders to get towards comprehensive reform . That would be sort of nay eve, maybe, i guess it could help. That was more than a sentence. Peru a reporter trchlt i say that with great affection. Sue. I would say the tenacity of those who are there doing the work, they are just fighters and theres such an appetite for those of us who want to continue to fight and go down there and help even if we cant be there full time so that gives me hope. Id say again many of these things have been going on for a long time. There is a difference now in the levelle of cruelty, but despite the human damage thats happening right now, the fact that the Trump Administration is going all out on this means now whats happening on the border is invisible for every single american to see. More and more you are hearing across the country this does not represent our values. What we are doing does not represent american values. The violations of human rights dont support a wall. They do support comprehensive immigration reform. So i dont think its naive to think that were going to get there. Because hope is whats going to get us over the next hurdle and because its on display for everyone to see, this is now whats happening at the border, we have an opportunity to make whats happening at the border to find who we are as a country. I think we will choose, we will choose well. We will have an opportunity to do that. The Trump Administration at its peril now has politicized this to a degree and made this invisible to a degree, its unprecedented. Now we have an opportunity to push back in a real way. So i believe hope is on the way. Thank you so much to my panelists. Thank you folks for your participation. Thank you. [ applause ]. Now we will have a little break and come back and at 2 00 for our next panel on humanitarian migration crisis originating in Central America. Thank you so much. This morning, remarks from Democratic CandidatesPete Buttigieg and julian kas stro at the j street conference in walk. Their comments start live at 10 00 a. M. Eastern on cspan2, they hold a release of a report looking at fiscal trends and survey results from over 500 cities, towns and villages. They hold their meeting live at 12 00 p. M. Eastern on cspan3. Then remarks from federal trade commissioners on their agencys current and future priorities, including a National Data privacy law and emerging technologies. Theyll speak at the Brookings Institution and it starts live at 2 00 p. M. Eastern on cspan2. Tonight on the down into indicators doctor when it comes to facebook. They recently fineed that company. How did you come one 5 billion and where does that money go . To take your second question first, the money goes to the u. S. Treasury. And in terms from the Monetary Fund. Remember, of course, the Monetary Fund is only one aspect of the relief weve obtained from facebook, yes, 5 billion in penalty, also brought injungtive relief that constrains the way facebook handles consumer data going forward. Watch tonight at 8 00 p. M. Eastern on the communicators on cspan2. Youve never made a documentary film before . We have resources. Check out our Getting Started on studentcam. Org and video links to footage in the cspan library. Teachers will find resources on the teachs materials page. To help you introduce it to your students. My advice to anyone that wants to compete this year is to find a topic that you are truly passed about and pursue it as much as we can. This year we are asking middle and High School Students to create a Short Documentary on the issue you would like the president ial candidates to address during the 2020 campaign. Cspan will award 100,000 in total cash prizes, plus a 5,000 cash prize. Go get a camera, microphone and Start Building just the best video that you can possibly produce. Visit studentcam. Org for more information today. This day long immigration issue at the u. S. Southern border continues now with a look at why so many migrants from Central America are heading to the u. S. And what can be done regionally to help the conditions in these countries. This is an hour 20 minutes. Can you hear me . Welcome back. You are all walking in, settling down. Thank you. I just wanted to say a couple words about what we do here at george town in this field before i welcome my panel and