Indigenous peoples lived here and go to the end of the 20th century. We are standing in our exhibit the first peoples. It talks about the Indigenous People who lived in michigan for thousands of years before the arrival of europeans. It is one we just recently renovated. The first is this mural that is painted. Of thes the story anishinaabe people through four seasons. Is of the things it tells the advanced society they had before europeans arrived. It was just a little different than the western civilization. They chose to live off of the land and not try to control the land. They engaged, spends a lot of their time really working in harmony with the lands to meet all their basic needs. In this mural, things to point out is the structures. There are a lot of concessions that native americans all lived in teepees. In michigan, they lived in structures called wigwanms. We have an illustration of one here. And we have a mock one here. They would use saplings of birch or maple to make this frame and then overlay it with strips of birch bark. Sometimes woven mats. They would fill it with grasses for insulation. They would live in these yearround. The nice thing about them is they are pretty compact and mobile. They could take their birch bark off and move from place to place as seasons changed. Now we have moved into the gallery of how michigan became a state. Was slow to settle due to swamplands and other things like that. The opening of the erie canal in 1825 helped spread migration from the eastern states. The territory of michigan felt it had reached congress requirements for becoming a state. We have the right population numbers, had a written constitution from 1835. Our governor appealed to congress to become a state, and it was rejected. Because there was some unsettled business between the state of michigan and the state of ohio, as in who would own toledo. Both states saw it as a very valuable port on lake eire er ie and the river that would help with transportation. It took about two years. They called it the toledo war. Michigan finally agreed that if the country would let it become a state, they would let toledo become part of ohio. As a consolation prize, michigan. The western half of the Upper Peninsula. Ohioans and michiganans agree that michigan got the better deal, because that is where they found the iron ore in the rich deposits that helped her she can become the rich manufacturing state it did. The northern half of the lower peninsula was rich with native forests, largely pines. Surveyor Douglas Houghton went up and found natural iron ore and copper deposits. So in the last half of the 19th century, most of the lumber in the lower part of the lower peninsula was cut down and harvested. Fullscale mining efforts began in the Upper Peninsula for copper and iron ore. When you are extracting the copper and iron ore, it rarely comes out perfectly pure. This is copper or that has other impurities in it that necessitated the building of some of michigans first meltings to process, gorges, to take the raw toerials and purify them become the pure copper used in items such as ingots and pots and candlesticks and other things. All of this early manufacturing to process this raw or set michigan up to be a major Manufacturing Center in the early 19th century. Some of the earliest Manufacturing Industries and michigan were related to transportation. We had Carriage Companies operating out of flint. Railcar Companies Operating out of detroit. Shipbuilding was a Huge Industry in detroit. One of the biggest early Manufacturing Centers in michigans history was a fact that michigan, by 1900, had become the stove capital of the world. Dwyer hadnd james three of the four most successful stove companies in detroit history. Here is an example of some of their work made out of iron mind in the Upper Peninsula. About 1900, she can really became known for the industry that it is still known for today, and that is the manufacturer of automobiles. In order for that to happen, we needed the successes from the early industry. Money and capital to to invest in these new companies. Lumbering and mining. We also had the infrastructure and the factories that made the stove, made the transportation vehicles. Thisuld be repurposed for new phenomenon of the gasoline engine. It is the last piece that helps michigan become the motor state, the ingenuity of some of the early founders of the Automobile Industry, from henry ford, Whose Assembly line is a famous. This is a recreation of his Highland Park assembly line. And chrysler and durrant, founder of general motors. This big, exciting boom in manufacturing and the Automobile Industry was huge, particularly in southeastern michigan. At the same time, though northern part of michigan was still largely farming, but the advances in technology, particularly the vaseline engine, resulted in new technologies like the motorized tractor. Other breakthroughs really ofped usher in a new era farming in michigan, allowing family farms to grow into sustainable businesses. Early in the 20th century, almost 25 of Michigan Farmers were dairy farmers. Factories are booming and southeast michigan, we have farming on a larger scale happening. So both worlds existing simultaneously. We have now moved into the part of the museum that talks about michigan during world war ii, particularly the war production that took place. Right before the u. S. Entered world war ii president Franklin D Roosevelt put a call out. Be the great arsenal of democracy. , michigan and detroit in particular were quick to answer the call. Most factories or Production Companies switched over to war manufacturing, including all of the automobile factories. One of the most successful ford motoruilt was companys willow run plant. Bureau thatigantic shows the innovation. Started construction on the plant in 1941. People were00 working to build airplanes in this plant. By the end of the war, they built 9000 farmers. At one point they were rolling one off the line every 63 minutes. Most of the ablebodied men had gone off to serve in the war. There were mass migrations of from the southp to work. Its also no also known the ,ar gave opportunity to women to get these factory jobs for the first time. Women worked as riveters, women work at assembly factories. The impact of the war production on michigan really changed the fabric of the workforce. We are going to end our tour in power detroit 1957 auto show. Landed inow michigan a prosperous state in the mid20th century. To our early manufacturers and our auto history giant. A way to benefit themselves and help their state grow. Our city tour staff travel to michigan to learn about its rich history. Visit cspan. Org cities tour. You are watching American History tv. Studentcam had a huge effect on our life. Then the past winners of cspans documentary competition thats in des moines iowa. I get to be right in the middle of the caucus season we had i get to meet some a different candidates. I had the experience and equipment and the and knowledge and the knowledge to equip some of them. What issued you on most candidates to address during the campaign . Include cspan video and reflect different points of view. Be passionate about what you are discussing to express your view, no matter how large or small you think audience will receive it to be. Greatest in the country in the history of the earth it doesnt even matter. Go to our website, studentcam. Org. Next on the presidency. William casto talks about fdrs relationship with robert jackson, who served during his administration as solicitor general, attorney general and as a Supreme Court justice. Mr. Casto is the author of, advising the president attorney general Robert H Jackson and franklin d. Roosevelt. The Franklin D Roosevelt president ial library and museum hosted this program. Good afternoon, welcome to the franklin d. Roosevelt president ial museum. I appreciate you coming out on this rainy summer day. We have a Great Program in store for you