President richard nixon. And type in. Org apollo 11 into the search bar for more of our coverage. Cspan cities tour is exploring American Cities as we take our book tour on the road. Every month, we bring you the history and literary life of a different city. With the support of our spectrum cable partners, this weekend we travel to Traverse City, michigan, known as the cherry capital of the world. It is responsible for two thirds of the tart cherry production in the u. S. Over the next hour, we will learn about the citys past. We begin with the origins of the cherry industry in Traverse City. One of the things i think people really love about cherries is the taste. Couple that with the beautiful red color, it is a fruit that people fall in love with. It is a month before harvest on these cherries, so we are looking at cherries in various stages of development. These are all of the blossoms that are going to fall off, up here. It is what the cherry looks like in its Early Development stages, and hopefully it keeps on and turns into Something Like this cherry, and moves to a tree. This cherry is in a swell stage, it is swelling right now, and we are about a month away from harvest on these cherries. It has to grow up a little bit more and also start turning red. Traverse city is known as the cherry capital of the u. S. Because of the volume of cherries produced here, number one, but number two, the area has done a fairly good job of getting the word out, both politically and other methods, let the world know we grow a lot of cherries here. The majority of the cherries in michigan, probably 70 of the cherries in michigan are grown in a 40, 50 mile radius of Traverse City. Michigan grows 85 of the nation s tart cherries. That is how michigan became known as the cherry capital of the world. Thatof the first cherries came into michigan were planted near Traverse City. Some of the earliest cherries were brought in by settlers on the old mission peninsula, probably by some of the missionaries that settled in the area. They started growing cherries, and eventually different people had a few cherries. And then before, around world war i, we started getting farms having different orchards and some of the processing plants came in, where they pit the cherries and plans them, and in world war ii they grew even more. All the time from the early settlers back in the 1800s, up through when we saw the growth in the cherry industry. I have been farming here since 1955, on this particular location. My father was a farmer before me. In 1929. D the orchards my grandfather was a farmer before him, and he had a few cherry trees to. Cherry trees too. It didnt really get going until invented toas get the pits out. That was in 1917. Cherries have to be handpicked, and there is a whole story in terms of labor in the 1930s, we had kentuckians, people from tennessee, Small Farmers from down there come up in the summertime and do the harvest. In world war ii, we went to the braceros, when the federal government brought out the braceros out of mexico. That stopped at the end of the war, and the mexicans, texicans replaced that. Are mainly using apples and breaks, because we harvest the sour cherries by machine. That is done with local labor or some outside labor yearly, but how they were harvested is the important part of an economy Traverse City. They all sent their money back bills they pay up had accumulated, or they spent it on groceries and other things in Traverse City. I got started back in the early 1970s with a brother and some of his for turn at a. We had grown up under and we did not want to be dairy farms. Mechanization started and the prices were low, growers could not afford to have their cherries handpicked, and that is when cherries started being mechanically harvested. That was a big change. Most growers did not have enough acreage to go out and buy harvest equipment. They could not justify the cost. We got involved by Getting Started with a little bit of harvest equipment and leasing some orchards, and custom harvesting for other growers. That is how we ended up Getting Started in the early 1970s in the industry. Talk about challenges . The Biggest Challenges money. It costs money to grow a fruit from a lot of standpoints. You have to buy the trees, which is a big part of it, 10 bucks a piece when you plant the little tree, but then you have to grow it seven or eight years to get old enough to put the machine on to harvest, then they have a cost every year for fertilizer, fungicide, insecticide and herbicide. Out, youget the crop have to fertilize and prune and do a lot of activities. There are crops all the way costs all the way along, and you need enough return to pay those bills. Recently that is a problem. Wrecks there has been a lot of consolidation of farms over the timeframe. The views that we are looking at, that we are sitting at today are not just good for growing cherries, they are also good for growing houses. What is happening in the area where we are, once the lakefront property was gone, then it becomes the lakeview property, which becomes prime real estate. Pretty prices escalated significantly, and it became almost impossible for Young Farmers to get started on their own. There is more consolidation of ,arms as equipment got bigger as equipment got more efficient. A lot of the smaller farmers did not have family members that were coming back in, so we have seen significant consolidation of the growing part of the industry, along with the processing part of the industry. There is a lot fewer players today in our cherry industry than there ever has been. Imports have become a major issue with cherries, and some of the countries that bring cherries in are looking basically for hard dollars. They are dumping cherries into this country way below the cost of production just in order to get u. S. Dollars. Imports are our number one concern, particularly in the dried cherry industry. Today, we actually have lawsuits going against cherry manufacturers in turkey, where they are bringing in cherries well below what they are paying their growers for cherries in their own country. Very hard over the years to try to get things fixed through department of commerce or through trade, and from a political standpoint. We are such a small industry. We are not a huge group of voters and stuff, so when it comes to political sway, we do not have a lot of political sway. We ended up finally having to file a lawsuit against the importers of dried cherries, and it is now being heard at the department of commerce and at the department of trade. Hopefully this will help slow down, hopefully we will be able to have tariffs issued on cherries coming in from turkey that will help slow down the imports coming in. And under the present situation, we cant compete with turkey and some of those countries where it is a. Ubsidized deal unless something is done, we will see a decrease in the production of sour cherry not justthis michigan, but the whole parts of the United States. The main thing that has to happen for cherries to be in theo stay area, it has to be profitable enough to keep people in the business. There is an hardly Anyone Around who wants to keep a cherry industry alive in travis city, because the tourism is built on it, the people who want to live here, that is built on the open space and ambience of being around orchards and water. A lot of people are working to make that all happen. It will be interesting to see with International Trade where this thing is going to go, but we think we have a unique product with our cherries. You cant raise them for . 10 a pound from a farmers standpoint. I expectessors there are going to be cherries thend for a long time, but whole industry looks like a question mark right now. Welcome to the annual National Cherry festival. We are so happy to have you here as our guest. The National Cherry festival is an eightday celebration of none other than our favorite red ruby morsel of goodness, the cherry. Have 150eight days, we different events, 90 of which are free to the public. Parades,hree great eight days of concerts and entertainment, and our traditional, very fun pie eating, pit spitting, and anything you can imagine to eat that involves the cherry. The annual cherry festival started in 1985 with the blessing of the blossoms. So important to the National Cherry festival, and greatant traversed traverse community. We are very proud of this fact and our agriculture. It is part of our rich culture. It brings in about 500,000 tourists annually. Most people did not to know about Traverse City 50 years ago and now it is a landmark that people want to come visit. Downtownortant for our region. We are known for the landscape of our community and our natural , and soorchards, ag on. The Economic Impact of the National Cherry festival is about 26 million. Over the 93 year history of the cherry festival, we have been able to impact the community that has so greatly supported us. Cherry festival, our hope is for another 90 years. We are excited. We are excited to continue to grow the relationship with our growers and processors and support our cherry industry and the act industry, and Northern Michigan and the entire community, and continue to be cherry capital of the world. We are driving around aaverse city today with member of the travis city historical society. She will be taking us on a tour of the city. Ok. What are some of the things we are going to take a look at today, and what are some places you take folks to on your regular walking towards . Walking tours . About the iconic buildings of the town and how they fit into the development of outpost, from a pioneer to an industrial center, now a tourist and recreation center, and how they are examples of what has happened over the last 180 years 150 years. Where are we stopping first . This is a place called the open space. It is the head of west a, and if certainly why Traverse City is located where it is today. The native americans, before white settlement, would come down here on a seasonal basis, the ancestors of todays ottawa and theyewa indians, would do blueberry picking and cherry picking. This has always been a place where the economy of the area has happened. That continues down to today. We are standing here at the base of west bay, and the bay is indicative of the economy of Traverse City. Our city planner called it the blue economy. The native americans were here before the we were, and when the first white men settled here, it was because of the lumber that within this area. They needed the day because for the first 25 years, from the 1850s into the early 1870s, the only way in and out of Traverse City was by water. In the wintertime, you were basically stuck here when the bay froze over, unless you were overlandalk to lansing with no road. There were no roads until 1872. The water became very important, because all of the lumber and millions of each of boards had to be shipped out by water. The bay was where the lumber was brought down i river, to the bay. We are standing at the end of where one of the main docs was. This was all industrial. There were logging facilities, there were dish factories, there were other factories connected to the logging industry all along this area, and railroads came in in 1872. There was a gritty, smoky, industrial spots. Then, as the logs and lumber ran out, around 1900 going into the 19 teens, some of those factories kept running for a good several decades, but it began to die down. Some of the spots became empty. They were used for dumping trash. It was not a pleasant area. Foster, whos, con lookto town in the teens, and said you know what . We have to do something about this. They could not get any town money to do it, so volunteers came down and started leaning up the bayfront. That was the first park area here that opened up in the 1930s. Over the decades since then, as tourism has become more and more important across the country, like in many other cities in town, our bayfront has become an area of rep relation, recreation, an area to relax, come have weddings and film festivals. It is a place where the town comes together. One of my friends called it the heart of Traverse City. We have gotten back into the car and driven around downtown. Where are we right now . We are in a small neighborhood called slab town. Back in the 1870s and 1880s, this was probably one of the first areas that was settled by lumber workers. Becauselled slab town the older homes in here, if you winds down underneath the siding , you would find they were made out of slabs, which were the outside of the logs, they would be cut off. They were rounded a little bit, so they could not be used for building nice homes. They were discarded, and the workers were able to take those slabs back with them to their homes to build their houses with them. Many of the wooden houses in this area, if you go underneath what is now the surface, you will find the old slabs under there. So it stayed open until the the teens, 19 had beentil the pine completely clearcut and the lumber mills began to close. Traverse city has been lucky. It has been blessed over the decades with people who came here not just to make money, but who decided they wanted to make this be there home. One of those was perry hannah, ae of the owners of that and lumber company. He realized very early on that the lumber would run out, and many lumber towns and we disappeared off the face of the map. Because of perry hannah and because we lived on a gorgeous day, he decided he wanted this town to survive way beyond his old life and beyond the life of the lumber industry. So he was a state representative, and he was very integral in first of all bringing the railroad into Traverse City, because originally it was going to run lansing and bypass Traverse City completely. He knew that would be a death knell for the town, so he really lobbied in lansing for there to be a spur that would come into Traverse City. On top of that, he realized we needed a big employer here in Traverse City to help all those people who had moved their jobs when the lumber mills closed down. He was integral in bringing what was called the Northern Michigan insane asylum to Traverse City. Was looking for places to build these asylums. Traverse city was only one of many the government was looking at, and perry hannah made sure was one ofse city the locations for what was at the time called the Northern Michigan insane asylum. Right now we are at the village at the Grand Traverse commons, and the buildings you see behind me were originally the Northern Michigan asylum, which opened in 1885. The idea was that beauty was therapy. Before that, people were often chained up in jail. A lot of the rooms in this building, when it was a mental institution, had bars on the windows. That seems cruel to us, but at the time the idea of trying to surroundingautiful and the inside rooms often had plans hanging all over the place plants hanging all over the place, it was a move over it in the treatment of the mentally hannah, the lumber baron that founded our town, managed to get this institution placed here so that the people who worked in the lumber industry would then have someplace to work when the lumber ran out. It worked. Late 1950s, early 1960s, over 3000 people worked here. It was the largest employer in town. Century, theth Mental HealthCommunity Came up to treatcines and ways people that did not require them to be institutionalized, so the patient load became much, much smaller and most of these places shut down. In 1985. Tal closed here in Traverse City, we had a group of citizens that came together and said, we do not want this torn down. Now there is Senior Housing here, upscale condominiums, restaurants it has really in and ofittle town its own. A Great Success story. We are back in some neighborhoods again. Where are we now . We are in the central neighborhood on 6th street, which was and is the place to live if you are a mover and shaker in travis city. Back in the day, around 1900 and earlier, this is where a lot of the lumber barons and politicians and owners of the various factories would live. At the time, all of this had been clearcut so the houses that sat up here literally looked all the way down to the bay. To the left hand side, we have the Carnegie Library building, which was opened in 1904. Named for andrew carnegie. The house on the right, which is now a beige caller, was the last home of perry hannah, the lumber man who founded traverse 80. Traverse city. It is now a funeral home. I think he lived in the house for about five years or so before he passed away. Leigh and thecy man with the last name morgan were all from chicago originally. The person who founded the first lumber mill in Traverse City, his name was Harry Boardman and he was from naperville, outside of chicago. He came up. Came up in the late 1840s and left one of his sons here to run the lumber mill. Well, there was nothing up here in the 1840s or 50s. There were maybe 100 lumber men and this young man in his early 20s. He was not able to make a go of it. There were millions of trees. I personally think he did not want to stay here. I do not think he wanted to make a go of it, and Harry Boardman did not want to live up here, so he sold to morgan, hannah, and lay. And leigh. They definitely started a number prize an enterprise appear that made a go of it. One of the citys claims to fame, in the 1870s, after the great chicago fire, most of the lumber used to rebuild chicago came from Traverse City. Where are we driving now . We are heading down the main street of Traverse City, which is called front street. Today it has many little shops , but it wasupscale the main street of town since the town was founded in the 1860s or 1870s. Is the statee theater. There has been a theater in that 6. Cation since 191 it was called the lyric theatre. It burns down in 1923, was rebuilt, birds down in 1928 and was rebuilt and opened as the state. That entireted time, except when it was being renovated. We finally got him all in the got a mall in Traverse City in the 1990s that included a theater complex and this closed what to do with it . It was the last theater in Traverse City, and luckily, Traverse City has been very blessed. Its local rotary club was given land in the 1970s, and right after they received it they found oil and gas on it. Our rotary club is one of the richest rotary clubs in the nation. One of the reasons we have so many cool things in Traverse City is they have been very, very charitable. They have something called rotarys charity, and a lot of the money has gone to help renovate various buildings in town and many other very good projects. One of them is the state theater. Is fromchael moore flint, michigan, and in the 1990s he decided he would like to walk around and write a place to start his own film festival. He has connections with Traverse City, and he and rotary were involved in renovating the state. It is now a beautiful theater that operates yearround, and is a centerpiece of the Traverse City film festival, which is in july and august the last 16 years or so. So whats next for Traverse City . I think the people who look forward to what is going to be happening in town are figuring out how to keep a mix of housing and activities for workers and the tourists and the residents, and one of the things that has happened that the state theater 1980sxample of, in the there were a lot of boardedup businesses in downtown Traverse City. 1940s, 1950s, 1960s, it looked a lot like pictures from that for from that first false from bedford falls in its a wonderful life. People were looking forward enough at the time to see that andeeded a mix of tourists restaurants and things that would make this a vibrant place. They are continuing to look at that, how do they keep that going and what will be the needs in the future . This town has always been really blessed with people who have enough vision to look yearsd for more than five and say, what do we need to do now to make this a vibrant place 30 years in the future . Cspan cities tour is in Traverse City this week, and we are driving north, just outside of the heart of Traverse City. I am on my way to the Mission Point lighthouse, built back in the civil war and operated until the mid1930s. Mission point lighthouse is an icon for traverse eddie. It really represents Traverse City, what it means, because it is so rare to have two base. Old Mission Center is north of downtown Traverse City, and the peninsula divides east and west bay. This lighthouse is needed here for shipping traffic that would go to grand rapids and also Traverse City. At the end of the peninsula here, out on the beach is a very shallow shoal. There were shipwrecks out here, and in order to protect the shipping traffic, they needed a lighthouse out here. , i a really tall lighthouse light would shine for 13 miles and that was adequate for the area. It was approved in 1865 and that was right around when there was the civil war, so they did not actually build it and finish it until 1870. The plans for this lighthouse were used from another lighthouse that was on the detroit river. Mamaighthouse was called judah, named after an indian. It was a common plan, actually, that was used for schools and churches and lighthouses on the great lake. Some call it a tower, but it is still a same plan. This lighthouse is unique, because we only had when it was a working lighthouse, but it 50 threeactive for years. The keepers would arrive in april and worked through december, and then they would go back to town. They would arrive by boat. There was not about out this way, at least for the early people. When they were not able to get up to the beach with a boat, they had to carry everything from the boat up to the house for the season. Of course, the keepers would work, running the light only at night, and during the day they had lots of other projects they would have to do just to maintain the house and the ground. It was decommissioned in 1933, i believe, because the shipping traffic had died down a bit. Then they did put a buoy light out in the water to replace the light here. The coast guard abandoned this lighthouse and shortly after it was vandalized, severely vandalized. Locals came out in the , andrtime and broke in this lighthouse had no windows, no doors, no wires inside. Everything was vandalized and torn out. , and it was stolen a shame. Over 15 years, but it was in really bad shape. We were fortunate that the local residents who had the money pulled it together. There were 14 residents who put the money together and purchased the lighthouse from the coast guard, and then the posted it. They spent a year putting it back together. Untilhe years from 1948 2008, somebody from the township lived here and just maintained the house. Last year, the people that signed the guestbook were over 43,000. I believe the park probably gets 65 thousand people. We are excited about having our 150th anniversary next year. It we are happy and it is a strong structure and still here, and a lot of people can enjoy it. It is a great part of michigan history and an important part of michigan. Join us the first and third weekend of each month as we take book tv and American History tv on the road. To watch videos from any of the cities we visit, go to tour, andg cities follow us at cspan cities. Its tradition, memories, connection. Something done properly, with care and the right ingredients, is really something memorable. We are at 525 west park street in Traverse City, michigan, the original location. We started out making fruit pies. We wanted to make something memorable based on the ingredients and what grows in this area. We felt like if we could take all of these things that grew in the area and make great pie with it, we would have a lasting brand and make a difference in peoples lives. Our signature pie is called the Grand Traverse charing cross. It is cherries with our flower sugar mix and crumb topping. There are about 250, 275 cherries in every cherry pie. The Grand Traverse region is the cherry capital of the world. In the summertime, midjune through the end of august, it is cherry season. We will make 400 to 600 times a day right ear in the kitchen, altogether,ong area over 20,000 pies a year are shipped all over the country. We exist to make cherry pie, to make all the things we make, but really we want to try to make a difference in our community. The cherry industry here in michigan is important to our state. It is a 7 billion industry. The more we can buy local and process local, sold and consumed local, the economic multiplier of those dollars in our state is huge and significance. That is for a lot of us appear, not just the pie company. We are committed to working together as a group to promote our area, to utilize the bouncy and obviously be able to share it with people, whether you are visiting Traverse City or the region, or you are in l. A. Wishing you could. Food has a very unique way of triggering positive memories, and when you are smelling a cherry pie or blueberry pie, or for me a raspberry pie, because that is what ram i used to make, everyone has a little trigger of positive, fond memories of usually the generations before. Not only the pie but ok, we were at the lake, or we were at the picnic table in the backyard. What were we doing when grandma made that pie for us or somebody brought it over . To me, we are blessed that we are in the food business, especially the pie business, because all of the emotions come out of these well and the taste. Traverse city was at the west bay. He it is a supernatural harbor. When the french were kind of kicking around, they would jump ,lear over both of these days skipping over the mission and west bay. They referred to that mission as the Grand Traverse. Instead of traverse, it became wherese, and that is traverse bay and Traverse City came from. Next, we learn about traverse the lumber industry, which helped build must much of the midwest. Until 1863, 90 5 of the settlement was in the fur thestry, missionaries to indians, logging industries, etc. After 1863, the united dates government and Abraham Lincoln decided to give away all their land. After that, any citizen or future citizen of the United States could have 100 60 acres of land to use, as long as they would live on it and improve it for five years. That created a monumental change to this area and stall all of michigan, and to much of the country. When you look at the homesteaders and start finding recorded history of how they got here, a fair percentage of them, 30 or 40 , did, over land. Others, my ancestors from pennsylvania, came west of buffalo from the pittsburgh area. From buffalo, they went to northport, and then they unloaded all of the above, the wagons, the livestock, the horses, everything, and traveled overland 70 miles south to northport. The land at the mouth of the river was settled by an individual name boardman in 1847. In 1851, he sold out to four men who had a big business in chicago. That was perry hannah and tracy leigh. They moved here and lived here the rest of their life. Perry hannah created virtually everything that was Traverse City. He built the first store, he operated a large sawmill with the number of employees and serious income. He brought in supplies, he would send lumber from chicago to his sawmill and bring back food for everybody. When we go back to borden and so on, they picked the mouth of the river, which has the potential for development, but it was also all pine. They could start manufacturing lumber immediately. You could almost say it is 50 50 50 red pine,d, white pine, etc. Considered to be good farmland. Buyers bought the pine timber land, and the pine timberland was manufactured. Perry hannah had two or three sawmills here and almost all the lumber went to chicago. It was not even sold locally, it went to chicago and was distributed to 10 other states out of chicago. Hannah, in the 1850s, initially shipped his lumber on schooners. A grasp in the dark and say, every vessel would have. Uilt 120 buildings it is a huge amount. In 1857, 1858, he bought a secondhand steamboat and started lumber tois chicago twice a week on the steamboat. It left Traverse City every wednesday afternoon and left chicago every sunday afternoon, and people could rely on planning transportation that way. This is 15 years before the railroad arrived. He did that, and 1872, even with the arrival of the railroad, he built a large, very well outfitted steamboat to carry both lumber or grain and passengers, and he operated that to chicago on a regular schedule. So he was bringing people here as fast as he could to come to his store, if nothing else. Smallo had steamers that circled the bay to bring homesteaders anywhere within reach to historic Traverse City. In here inought 1850, 1851, until 1886. He operated two sawmill here, and by 1886, he cuts all the timber he wanted to. So he started selling his timber and he put his sawmills up for sale, etc. The lumber industry was declining. His lumber was running out he broughtd passengers here in the summer and took them to the north of Lake Michigan, and everybody learned that recreational opportunities and the cool weather compared to chicago that Northern Michigan had. It all started bringing tourism here, and it has continued to inw ever since, continuously the 150 years we are talking about. Lets say that perry hannah had an awful lot of foresight, and he did this in his own economic interest, but i the same time he created industries that are Traverse City today, the commercial segment and tourism segment are based on him, and there are other factors that he did transportation, although it is not as big today because of automobiles as it was 100 years ago, but nevertheless all these facilities were in place to make Traverse City grow. We are on Lake Michigan in Traverse City, where cspan is learning about the areas history. Up next, we visit the Maritime Heritage alliance to learn about their historic restoration. [inaudible] we are providing this Great Service to the world. Sharing great lakes maritime history. School kids everybody gets a chance to see the ships, go sailing, hoist lines and learn about the old times. They get to feel the rolling of the ship, and it is all real. The Maritime Heritage alliance was started by a number of historical wooden boat enthusiasts, really, back in 1982. It started because there were no tall ships anywhere. Or mastse no big sales made of wood anywhere around here. There was no particular interest or focus for young people towards great lakes maritime history. We sat around there were five or six of us, and it became evident that we could do something with this. We got together and set up the Maritime Heritage alliance here in Traverse City, and we decided well, the first vote we should do, if we are going to do both, is a replica of a mackinac boat. They were kind of the pickup trucks of the mid1800s, they would bring lumber and other commodities to villages around the great lakes. Trains were resourceful travel, but even those were sparse in the mid to late 1800s. Decided to record date replicate the mackinac boat, but normally they are 35 feet long, but that is just too big. We decided to build a 19 foot version that could be trailered to use as an educational prop, to school and shows and things like that. People who have rallied around this organization are immensely resourceful, and the idea of sitting in a chair, listening to someone blab on about maritime history, did not even come across the slate as a useful idea. Instead, it is like, you know what . Lets build the great sale of the mackinac boat. Visual,g that is tactile that you can sail, sit in or watch, touch that is the interpretive tool that we need. I cannot vote were used very commonly in the mid1800s. They were everywhere. But you have to put yourself back into those times people were super resourceful. Building a boat like that, you would just do it. You would go find a carpenter and he would just build you a mackinac boat. They were almost throwaways because they would only last for 10 years or so, and then you would build another one. There was a fleet, tons of them. I cannot picture how many there were, but there were hundreds, maybe thousands around the great lakes area for that use. The summer of 1982, we built a boat down at the bottom of west bay, launched it i think it was early november of that year, and the mayor cracked a bottle of cherry champagne of course on the bow, and we launched it. That was 1982. People thought this was the coolest thing. Back then, there was no evidence of a schooner in this day in 1982. Zero. Really maybe in all of the great lakes, there was no evidence. So this really represented probably the first schooner, even though it was little 19 feet it was the first one that people could see. In 1982, spirit, back we began figuring out what is our next project . Steve, one of our original researched something and came up with this idea of the matalin, which represented in first organized School Northwest michigan. The original matalin was launched in 1845 in fairport, ohio, and it climbed in the upper lakes for many years and planted in west bay. There were five sailors aboard, three of them were brothers, and instead of wasting their winter frozen in the ice someplace, they wanted to hire a teacher to come aboard from Traverse City, a 17yearold, to be there teacher for that winter. The guy ran the school with those five sailors on the original matalin, six miles from here, right here in west bay. This is why we chose the matalin, because it represented education, the spirit of exemplifies that whole thing. It is not just a schooner that was out there, it is this amazing schooner. Boats are much bigger to operate, require a crew of usually five. Mackinac boats, you can go with one or two guys, usually you could tool around on a mackinac boat. It is a schooner, but it is fast and easy to rig and easy to sale. It has to masts two masts, with the main boom and a sale forming the rectangle sale a sail forming the rectangle sail. Four sails on this boat, very intact, made of very strong rope and wire. The cool thing about this boat, every single thing was built by our group. , which hold the sales, slide up the mast when the mast is pulled up who is going to build those . Who is going to keep them strong and functioning . One of 10,000 things on this boat that make this thing fit. The matalin was launched in 1990, so we are having our anniversary next year, 30 years, which is unheard of in traditional senses of a schooner. Most schooners would have lasted 10. This one survives because of volunteers that come aboard, because they are at a point in their life where they want to do something amazing. Boatsou see any of our od all the way through, sailing the lakes, there is an organic energy that comes off of these boats. When you sale on one when you sail on one of our boats made of wood, these are alive. Llede are not a steel hu yacht. You can feel the history. 100 years of growth in the wood where it came from. It and stop and let that energy come into you, it opens up this part of your brain where you kind of let the modern world kind of fade away, and then you just take a vacation. That something simple takes that energy, that chaos down to a point where it is just you and the boat. Our cities tour staff recently traveled to Traverse City, michigan to learn about its rich history. To watch more video from Traverse City and other stops on our tour, visit cspan. Org citiestour. You are watching American History tv, all weekend, every weekend on cspan3. Historyeekend, american tv is looking back 50 years to the apollo 11 moon landing. Up next, cbs coverage of the return and recovery of the on july 4,stronauts 1969. A live broadcast includes president nixons interviews of the three astronauts, buzz aldrin, neil armstrong, and Michael Collins aboard the uss hornet, the ship that retrieve the command module from a remote area in the ocean. This is from American History on cspan3, where every weekend we explore our nations past. They are there on the aircraft