Very forcated in a tile area. It was because it was the next six in western montana. , you have the Saint Ignatius mission and to the , and you have the valley in 1860 you have lieutenant john everybody he was going from one direction to another is coming through here. Before White Settlement was here, this was native american land. They are now known as the flathead indians. This was their land. As such, there was never any type of permanent settlement were here. They settled everywhere. But here they did a lot of hunting. There was a lot of hunting and gathering. Rootsuits of the bitter were cherished and a whole field of them existed pretty much where we are now. Was captaind higgins had been the wagon master on Governor Stevens exhibition. Stevens was taking off as the first territorial governor, which at that time included montana. He first saw this area coming whengh here in 1853 stevens was negotiating with the indians. Eventually he moved out to wallow wallah, stayed for number of years, but realized his future was not in the military, and he remembered this. He bought out the old isaacs andern in walla walla that theyhis clerk needed to relocate from walla walla to western montana. And they set up shop from the current downtown. A tiny Little Village named prominent geographical feature here. There were never more than 14 permanent inhabitants. Nine violent deaths, by the way. They were successful because they fit and need to supply the increasingly, the miners. Able things here, but we do have a supply of others. After four or five years, higgins and his partners decided of the clerktions for. They relocated their store. Within three years held a village ceased to exist. There was nothing there. There were some efforts to save the one remaining structure which has a great deal of structures. The storied history, it was saved there, moved downtown. Boys boarding school, a commissary, a storehouse. And then it was back in hell gate village. They took over. They worked hard to obtain it to to makese stories history come alive. For missoula was established in 1877. For many years Fort Missoula was established in 1870 seven. For many years, the leading citizens lobbied the territorial statement and the government for a four. A fork. You are in the middle of the , which were devastating. Custerstomers defeat. You have the flathead indians, very peaceful. But theres the threat of the sioux indians, the cheyenne, the up north, som there was fear, plus, in my opinion, the Business Leaders that once you get the government in, you cant get at ut and they play they pay an ungodly amount of money. Decisiont was a shrewd. Theres the noncommissioned officer quarters. Theres the root cellar. Threeare the only structures that still remain. Fort. S the milliondollar rather than close it, the senators got a Million Dollars to invest more in it. So, we got a lot, a lot of those structures left. It,still active, not militaril contains the old berrick spit buildings. Dereks buildings. Buildings. Those were the parts that were extremely valuable during the cc and also the internment camp. Its important to understand the origins of a community in order to understand where it is today. Its particularly increasingly important as more people from outside come in. They need to be immersed in local history to understand what we are. They see as. Lets move there. Its wonderful. Higgins, hammond. Important aspect in developing the fundamental aspect of what makes missoula missoula. Staff cities tour recently traveled to missoula, montana to learn more about its rich history. To learn more, visit cspan. Org citiestour. The communicators youre watching American History tv. All weekend, every weekend on cspan 3. Bookshelf, history spies, patriots, and traders american intelligence in the revolutionary war. Or spoke at the spy museum in 2014. Good morning. Welcome. I would like to welcome all of you to another author debriefing. Todays subject will be the American Revolution and intelligence. Would like to say a couple words about the revolution and the history of intelligence. This is vastly underrepresented in historical literature