Network please check mobile devices and for those watching own mind simply be really the speaker for everyones future reference. Still leading up program today Ronald Reagan is the distinguished fellow emeritus. [applause] and in welcoming it to the Heritage Foundation land for this program today. There is then a great deal with the policing since we have known each other for a number of years and we were both the harvard. With that section and policing they had a few years ago. But there are some is the exclusive group of the finest people who put the impact policing inside the United States. That is where policing started and as the chief of police for a brief time so bill parker and los angeles they were followed by chicago so there is no question these leaders for a distinguished group and as a person uniquely a place as excellence in this country that is very difficult to duplicate what he has done. He has headed six the Police Departments lead to largest in the company to do a outstanding job and has set a standard for Police Leadership until they came along to develop that now theyre all using some form of fat and in addition in all departments he has provided leadership the first is improve policing and decrease crime in the third is better relationships between the community it is a terrific record i begin this is well worth your attention about policing in the 21st century. Is my pleasure to introduce my friend and outstanding leader. [applause] good morning. Date explore that gracious introduction and we do go back a long ways at the Harvard Kennedy school late 80s and early 90s and the executive sessions more than any other government activity that shapes american policing the dead is a major revolution is the attorney general the Republican Administration funded the executive administration effectively what was Community Policing. And oftentimes bring to these issues but those democratic administrations in the 90s. And with active participation and despite that incredibly busy schedule so he is to be applauded and that is the unheralded accomplishment to remind people how instrumental he was as the attorney general in a very defining way. So for the second time i taking them first time was 1996 sharply before beating the n. Y. P. D. Than those individuals from different spectrums and then to thing that i could work with anybody. End to a knowledge of a report being distributed today by the heritage inundation and the works that came from that i had the opportunity to look at my prepared remarks. And some of those questions that will follow. And written by very close colleagues of mine to have that extraordinary piece with the race on this issue. But again i think those people for their continuing contribution and dialogue. It is like the Heritage Foundation who was interested in these issues and that is my pleasure to be affiliated with the Heritage Foundation so hopefully we have the opportunity to discuss please see those lessons in the past and opportunities for the future and offer some thoughts going for that there is so much potential had this particular point in time i think i have seen policing continuing day period it of the evolution with that policing initiative of that attorneygeneral that i have the privilege of being a part of. And so i explain once again it with the private sector. Into the very limited in my involvement. But the private sectors needs are the same. And to deal with social media issues. And we all have a shared interest so with that and then to prevent crime in the summer. I passionately believe the key to successful policing measuring a response to that with those nine principles because my original copy my bible and my foundation is more relevant today in the 21st century they and 1829. The first principle is the basic mission the event crime and disorder. They go together the board for amy they are successful over these last 50 years they did not. With the guidance of the Community Policing issue. This ninth principle is the absence of crime and disorder. Meaning if we could pick crime and disorder that time could be spent more effectively to collaborate with the communitys working together with the idea to generate so much in todays 21st century not a week goes by that bad video representation was awful. It pushes us apart rather than brings us together. That brings us a long way toward brest together and those principles with those democratic governments as we the police in this country to keep other safe. In the first obligation is Public Safety. With the bill of rights and to be filled principally and a goal of responsibility. And in the lapd in 2003 as part of the rebuilding to effectively ceased to police the city of los angeles more rao was deplorable to come up with the mantra. Thing with those individual actions that the actions of the Police Departments and professionals and to insure that those could be good and with compassionately and consistently for those minority neighborhoods. And all times with the 21st century we need a police with transparency. And in our relations of those that directed those actions 300 years of slavery in more than 100 years of a terrible national legacy. Many actions with immigrants even those native americans whose land this was first are often shaped by societal prejudice and racism and homophobia. Policing in the last quarter is changing for the better with so many fundamental ways and to be privileged to be a part of that change. We need to shape the narrative than the rhetoric and right to the real American Police story under no circumstance could that be framed for those that trust us or those whose seek those agenda is the heartfelt reasonable and effective i have been associated Police Leadership as an Extraordinary Group who face these issues with an open mind and that determination to address those many issues that by default have fallen to us. Natalie with crime the french in the disorder there is the grey debate and they say to you is the central and also on quality of life. We saw a the disaster and they do sell by changing behavior. It with indiscriminate enforcement. And even though that is a crime they do so by working with prosecutors and with the harsh guidelines. And what could be dealt with much more effectively. And then to realize their potential genesis in the genius of Community Policing. It really is that simple. I spent nearly years 50 years walking the beat in in boston through that realestate busting at that time and spend the next number of years dealing with segregation of Public Housing one of the most segregated me began more in the south. And another with 38,000. With the pendulum to response no false modesty i do believe it played a large role to swing back to focus on the change that began in the 1990s. So now we may be swinging back back to the days of the 70s and 80s. And their other ways to do it. It fleecy history as a pendulum and those who took active steps to maintain order and well be authorized that cop of the beat and those whose focus but never with compassion he solved the crime with that lapd model at that time so we must knowledge it wasnt always fair or just an those personal heroes of mine and i had the privilege to for his passing to spend some time and i quote the actions of the police would not stand a challenge that could be unfair and discriminatory that social upheaval sent that pendulum hurtling from one extreme. And to be that exclusionary rule love a the third degree. Those were necessary changes into the 70s and 80s. Police corruption gave rise to oversight and all that cold meals with new ideas and the current commissioner report and i had to take my exam as part of that professionals asian but the books i had to study i was the youngest at the Boston Police department we read this book for Race Relations and the United States and that panel on punishment and very without professional a station of the police but the proceeding cry report said us on the path for the next 20 years with those extraordinary recommendations without legitimacy of those policing efforts the idea we should focus on the response to crime was racism and unemployment demographics they were not and are not thinking that american policing which shaped by that. To alleviate that manpower emphasis should be given to crime spend with life fin poverty and social gambling natalie to diverge of manpower the same in the ghetto community. And not understanding the latinos in their neighborhoods and to be the of prostitutes in the doorway nobody wants the graffiti. But with so many great suggestions to respond to crime and then we get there eight minutes initially. And then celebrated the idea all types of all types of things moving offices around of vehicles to those crimes that have already occurred so over 20 years going down the rabbit hole. In with that Community Leadership but the cause of crime is people those with members or moments of passion certainly diddle have control of those influences so with that shift the report while so valuable to move us in the wrong direction that social upheaval with the pendulum barrels from one extreme to the other shows discretion and giving rise to police oversight. Been thinking less of what johnnie did zhuzhou the desire focuses on the root causes with wellintentioned but not the cause but the influence. Looking at johnnys behavior but joes still remains of victims. And to have that unintended effect because of crime was not about behavior to be deeply entrenched inequities that there wasnt much a car could do to pick up the pieces. In there were a lot of pieces in the 70s and 80s. I had the nypd adopts a Training Program in 2015, generous funding from the Mayors Office to order 6,000 all of them over the next year that the effectiveness should mean we stick them with the failures of the Mental Health system to all and its an epidemic we are dealing with in the 21st centu century. Americas homicides peaked was 1980 but new york city stopped in 1990. For 2245 murders, 7. 5 million people, the cops were not preventing crime, we were responding to it. In 1990 i thought about undoing this perception and finally had a major Police Department i could put into practice ideas that many of the colleagues and leadership shared. Causes when he or she has to act upon isnt root causes, its behavior. I demonstrated that. Working with one of the greatest minds. The behavior always in accordance with the law which is the proxy and they cant control behavior, but again it is within transparency. In 2002 i went to los angeles and the overall crime in the United States went down dramatically in the 1990s and have spikes over the last several years and is still down overall. Los angeles yesterday had its biggest summer going back to the 1960s in terms of homicide and it will end this year with a lower number. They are astronomical in terms of the last 27 years, so we are getting it right and cannot lose focus on how to get it right because of the aberrations and other cities for a variety of eco friday have seen declines. The Deputy Commissioner for the strategies. It became synonymous with the zero tolerance. Having less and less to having to return as a part. In the 21st century the request for numbers was an activity driven policing and the pendulum back and forth. It was flattening out and more enforcement speaking about the arc of the moment for the smaller and smaller returns who gave the resources and support unlike anything experienced in the previous 47. The current crime control would have been possible and resourcing and support thus resourcing and support unfortunately is missing in so many universities and some of the worst problems that we are experiencing at the moment are reflective of that and the Political Support as well as other issues particular to those communities. I cant stress that enough because in many ways what is missing its resources and political and Community Support for those ideas and resources to implement them. It was distributed prior to the meeting and graphic and i will speak to that now as we go forward. With a skyrocketing rate of enforcement and the arrest in the issue metastasized so dramatically. It is leveling off at increasing dramatically even as the city was getting safer and safer. Looking at 2013, 14, 15 and 16 as enforcement plummets, Violent Crime doesnt rise, it falls. Its intelligence led policing. And now is assisted by algorithms technique, precision policing and effectively out of the 90s on steroids for 21st century. It is onto something it already knew, the blanket indiscriminate enforcement isnt the key, prevention is the key supported by the enforcement. This year, 2017, the city is on track to see fewer than 300 murders of 275 pounds for a 221990. It would have this year possibly the lowest number going back almost 50 years. The. They have more than 500 already with about 38 of new york citys population. They are continuing the trend thats gone on for 20 some odd years. They would find a way to effectively control it and deal with it. It brings me to Something Else like that that has come to dominate the public debates in the two thirds america. Those three pulses are the result of a. No one cared to know why a crime rises and falls. The criminologist Association Meeting in boston was given everywhere. That would have been fine for those saved in manhattan but the people of brooklyn might have objected to that. New york city is the leading example and Going Forward you will see evidencebased policing in the city, so everybody finding the house and going down for 27 straight years but have the answer. I think i know and i was happy to play a part in that reduction and the prediction that isnt going to go up in new york city ever again to the levels that we saw in the past. They saw the change in the 90s from 93 to 96. There were seven Police Commissioners an have for many years over 27 years. Crime has gone down every year. There is a different political ideology and Different Police managers, but they were all working in the belief that something could be done about crime. Now you have seen on that hand out over the past four years there were predictions that armageddon was coming through the door. Armageddon did arrive but rather four more years the street crying decline with the idea being that for the rest of the liberal, conservative if you had the right medicines, you could have the right result. This is despite the fact many academics said the crime didnt go over and in some cases it would be tolerable if it meant less intrusive tactics. Imagine that. I think you could have less intrusive tactics and Crime Reduction. While the precision would contribute to prove them wrong falsehood from the left and the police bias is a provision and this is false. Ive been in this profession for 27 years, less than a year ago and now i look at it as an outsider. Bias exists, that is a reality, but its not a professional issue. Individual Police Officers, some Police Department but where it is appropriate is what is needed and the damage that is being created among the Police Forces in terms of their morale among the public into the neighborhoods that need us the most by death broadbrush basically that the american policing is fundamentally bias is wrong and incorrect and i do not think i make a mistake in that statement. I fully acknowledge that they have miles to go in the pursuit of racial inequality. We also need to do a better job of seeing each other, not looking past each other. I use that based on a promise from an activist who came from a sharecropping farm in mississippi or alabama in the 50s and 60s and we spent a lot of time in los angeles, myself, my wife and the lapd working on developing police relationships. Yesterday there was an article that talks about some of these successes dealing with these issues of those areas. We spent a lot of time on the stand when i was leaving to go back to new york after seven years in la, the editorialized the Race Relations in los angeles and there was the delightful southern accent. You know why we like you so much and i said no, why is that . You see us. You really see us. We all need to see each other and if we make false claims and paint with a broadbrush, w broae will never be able to see each other. And i would say to you that american policing in the society is still riveted by so much racial tension as a result of our history. Policing is probably going to be in the position to light the way because we are on the front lines of the issue every day. With regards to the nypd in the representation, the department and many others against any Corporate Office or ivy league campus, and i like my odds that it is more diverse. We reflect diversity of 18 black, 20 women, and i think that we now have three transsexual individuals that went to the operations who have faced no discrimination in the department and we have over a thousand muslim officers and that minority and majority with 700,000 muslims. 60 of the population was so new york city, the city that works, new york city Police Department and the legal we are advocating to reflect the communities they serve, all of this bulletin to the express theyve been experiencing. The leading newspapers could also stand to look like the roll call if you ask me. The great shadow of race but neither can we assume that disparities in the bias when they are tied to disparities and crime rates. Theres an Inconvenient Truth that reflects the reality of the cause. Do not expect a doctor or physician to apply keynote were radiation for the cancer that hes trading. With the medical malpractice. Or to deny treatment that is essential. Why has it become the mantra. The datadriven or evidence policing isnt a bias. They go where the crops and problems are and fortunately for the minority residents, particularly the poor that is where the crime is thats where the need is. Its not driven by a racial bias. The challenge is to ensure that while we are there, we see each other. Finally, only heavyhanded tactics control crime. This is false. It may be the most harmful of all. The new torque experience works better than zero tolerance averted. Its proof that focusing on behavior works and the bias has no place in that equation even though its still does unfortunately. I know that disparities that mostly demonstrates are not the whole picture. They make up 27 of the arrests and the Violent Crime its the bias against them when is it behavior that is the issue. More than 95 of the murderers are perpetrated by minorities that 95 of the victims are minorities also. That is a fact. It isnt fake news. These remain even if you drive down. The disparities are not a policing issue. Some on the right elbow each other and say i told you. That the enforcement disparity is real and so was the disparity between the pot and the whole. Around 800 shooters of the nearly 4. 5 billion population. 800 individuals responsible for the significant part of the shooting violence remains in new york. Here is the good news we can control. They keep people safe and we can have a profession that recognizes the inescapable ideas and total history in the country under certain formulas. The president would like to have those numbers and use it to 32 . So at 9 i will take the numbers i like them better. The recent polling have developed the polling of any entity in america. They agree that based on personal experience most offices in their neighborhoods treat them and those they know with respect to a. Theres much more to do and we cant have a rescan have a rests and cant forget the consent that is earned, not bode there is a template. That does not disguise indiscriminate enforcement for that matter. They are far more likely to be victims and perpetrators pushing them into the shadows makes it that much worse. We need to know where the crime is and where the victims are if there are policies and procedures that discovered them and that are working with us but we are truly not seeing each other. If they are choosing not to report crime, it doesnt mean that the crime is not happening. It doesnt also does hinge on fully applying existing and appropriate sentencing or impact. It is discriminating. It is precise, not prejudice. The obligation to address the issues in this way has been knocking on the door now for three years since the cultureless protest in 2014. It is the protest across the country and in my city the murder of the officers and cadets in individual at the hands of the Police Officer still remains in the controversy. The tools of the policing has been going even longer than those three years. Its not the culmination of the nearly half a century of the business for me but the continuing evolution of the profession and even now as they have left it with occasional revolutions simply. When opportunity knocks, should we answer the door . Policing is not a Government Program come it is a moral covenant and is keeping people safe. It is the underpinning of the essential element of the democracy. They have a onceinalifetime chance to change its legacy and shape for the confounding expectation that a to save the mission and the chance to make the country safe. As we leave the stage we have another panel coming up to discuss. For the legal and above the judl studies these are very difficult times for Police Officers. Thereve been spikes and crime in the last couple of years and a tax, Police Fatalities are up and the ambushes on Police Officers are up, but a tremendous amount of social unrest and new terms we didnt have before such as the ferguson effect and cities like chicago, baltimore, dallas and this past weekend in st. Louis. There were also increasing number of consent decrees to which the Police Officers are now subjected. It is not all gloomy and doom, there are pockets i of the couny where crime is down. The. The relationship between them is good and improving. Coming out of the Justice Department under the holder and lynch we decided it was time to come together and bring the leaders in the police force to talk about the challenges that they are facing, what is working, what is not working and how there might be changes with this administration that might affect the course of policing so we had an off the record full day of leaders three of whom are on the stage with me today. Im going to introduce them they have to be seated in the order in which they will speak. They had the gain of three Initiative Intervention program and to act as the citys Emergency Preparedness director. A masters degree from Arizona University and a certificate of graduate study in th and criminl justice at the university of virginia and a bachelors degree ibachelors degreein political e university of arizona and the black Law Enforcement and enforcement executives. Next degree is the president and ceo of gm strategies. Gary was the Police Superintendent for the city of chicago and the second largest Police Department in the nation he oversaw 1. 4 billion budget, 13,000 sworn in Police Officers. Under his leadership, chicago soul four straight years of reduction in overall crime rates and the fewest Violent Crime incidents since the 1960s and reduction and complaints against the police. Prior to that, he served as the Police Director for newark new jersey from the 2006 to 2011, where he also saw Crime Reduction and complaints against the police in that city and before that of his career he started in the new york city Police Department where he rose through the ranks of the serving as youve already hear heard ase Deputy Commissioner of operations where he was involved in planning, coordinating and directing the response to the World Trade Center attacks and its aftermath. The institute at Columbia University as well as the graduate program in touch with this degree in albany. Shes currently a Senior Adviser to the department of justices Smart Policing initiative that provides Technical Assistance and training for 35 Law Enforcement agencies all the way from baltimore to los angeles. Prayer to join income he served as a commander for the oakland Police Departments criminal Investigation Division and was also a white house fellow and a special assistant to the United States attorney general from 1982 to 1990 he was no longer the longestserving. He holds a masters of Public Administration from the State University and ba from the university of oregon and the fbi academy in quantico. With that, let me turn it over to you. My term expired last month, but let me tell you a little bit about the National Board of executives founded in 1976, specifically to look at the crime in urban communities looking at helping enforcement t was taking place in those communities. I want to thank you for the opportunity to be part of the discussion that took place back in march of this year i will tell you that it was in honor to be invited, it was a frank conversation and i will tell you im pretty sure i made some other folks uncomfortable during the time of that conversation area but its certainly reflective of the overwhelming sentiment of the folks to participate in the conversation. Let me begin by saying history is important for the Lessons Learned and self reflections. I would like to use a sports analogy here because we are are currently in the football season and i will tell you that sports teams and individual athletes review game zones for the selfimprovement as well as individual performance improvement. They not only look at the collective performance but also they are critical of their own individual performance towards the selfimprovement and raising the bar for the team. The history of the mvp whose pair ends were not imported to the spectator but it is important about hi this performe at his history is the predictor for this performance Going Forward. You heard about the principles of the policing. I grew up quite a bit outside of the u. S. And Law Enforcement wasnt cold Law Enforcement, it was called police service. Coming into the u. S. , running the transition to the Law Enforcement was a bit of a dichotomy and you heard the chief talk about the pendulum swing. There was a point in time that there was an absolute focus on the service in the opposite direction was largely on enforcement. When you start looking at the organizations like the air force or the navys blue angels angelu have individual pilots that are flying at super quick speeds doing some Amazing Things with aircraft, and every one of those pilots has a unique responsibility to perform at his best. Having the opportunity to have a debrief every one of the pilots didnt talk about what the other person did wrong. It talked about the shortcomings of their performance, and they all promised to do better the next time. Policing is no different. For performancpoor performance r is reflected and reflects poorly on every officer performing in this industry. I would suggest to you that it goes far beyond that. When we Start Talking about history and the history of the country, we have to talk about not just specific policing but the law formulated in the country. Weve asked the police to do some pretty Amazing Things over the years, starting with the importance of segregation, the enforcement of antisemitic immigration, to round folks up for the japanese internment camps and also the housing laws. That was the paddy wagon. As the chief mentioned earlier the First Contact they would have with the government, to quote a previous mayor but i worked for, the call to 911 occurs when every other system has failed. Within that capacity in order to move forward and have a conversation about moving forward, we have to acknowledge that history exists and that we are going to do better. Chief cunningham retired at the past president acknowledged the Law Enforcement play a role in the systems. Lets not overlook the occasional misconduct of the Law Enforcement and the impact that has had on policing. Speaking at Georgetown University the former director acknowledged treatment as it related to enforcement by his organization or that organization. He specifically identified the lack of substance in the search warrant affidavit. It was held at the foundation on the advancement of policing. There was a considerable amount of eye would see back and forth but i appreciate the frankness of the conversation. The bottom line, and i will defer to the statements made, the Community Relationships are paramount in determining the police legitimacy. Relationships and legitimacy are necessary for effective policing. In fact, it is the first topical area that was listed in president obamas 21st century final report. The group that was assembled here at heritage did a phenomenal job. More importantly, we acknowledge the job thats done by Law Enforcement each and every day but we do a poor job of telling the stories of the accomplishments on a daily bas basis. I like the comment that was made by the chief in terms of the bad news and the false reports that travel in a greater speed or around the world why good deeds and the truth are still putting pants on. Part of our discussion was about Data Collection and i will tell you i believe in the data collecting however it is just data unless it is placed in the context. They have the traffic citations and things of that nature. This data is important but its one dimensional. Its taken on the expense of doing Quality Control surveys to find out more specifically how the relationship is going with the communities. The community that i worked in the Approval Rating is a little bit higher than new york coming in at about 71 . I also want to kind of talk about the Data Collection as it relates to crime and Crime Reduction. Collecting data is absolutely important when it comes to precision enforcement. We know three things that must intersect in order for the crime to occur. You need to have an available location and available victim and a motivated suspect. Then allows us to place our resources in a focused manner on impacting in reducing crime. It is in the community and they must be engaged in that effort. I have used Data Collection to educate victims or communities to reduce the likelihood of becoming victims. We have used collective data to redesign the locations and determine where we need to put the resources. Likewise, we know who our highimpact offenders are and collecting data on them and how they execute their crime certainly makes us more effective at doing that. And i can give you a very specific example where i worked as a commander in an area that had a high homicide rate. Its how to reduce crime. The first thing we looked at in the Historical Data citations we were collecting we looked at was being arrested in those areas. We took that and went to the neighborhood and the businesses and told them we were going to take on this initiative to reduce crime in that area. We then went nearly doortodoor in very similar conversations and shared the data that we have collected. Its not just a concern for the Violent Crime, but the issues around the quality of life. The quality of life overwhelmingly was the conversation. We involved them in the strategy that we build out an addition to the response. We took that particular area to the zero homicides for the entire summer based upon the data driven efforts to were initiated. There were a lot of folks that walk away from that conversation scratching their head, but i would have to commend mr. Malcolm, the former continuing the conversation into the back and forth and more importantly for generating the document yodocuments that you nn front of you. Thank you. [applause] good afternoon. I just got to tell you im always fascinated with this. I finally beat you at something. I made selection 26. [laughter] i am pleased to be here. Thank you for having me participate in this endeavor. I put a paper together talking about, quote unquote, systemic racism and i have a big problem with what is happening. Specifically in the last administration from the department of justice. I dealt with it and newark new jersey. I didnt deal with it in chicago because i was never invited to the conversation when they put together their report. And i think that if youre going to invest eight policies and practices of the Police Department, you should probably start with the individual that implemented the policies and practices of the Police Department. And i found that it was incredibly troubling when Loretta Lynch was in chicago releasing that report and got up in front of the national and International News audience and said somebody asked her how come you didnt interview Gerry Mccarthy and she said they attempted to get in touch with me that they were not able to do that and i responded with only resources of the federal Investigative Services you couldnt find me in chicago so i had a better time with the way things have played out and i think that politics played too much of a role in what is happening. This kind of summation of the paper. They came up during the conversations in march and they are going to continue to come up. So simply stated in my mind. Its what happened in the last administration and data driven policing is now considered systemic racism. Weve got to put that genie back in the bottle because we cannot do our jobs without doing it. Without havin having the data dn policing. The bill i already talked about, we put more resources where, and when crime happens looking for who is going to commit the crime to prevent the next. Putting the cops on the dock if you will, it is in the data driven policing which is now Getting Better and better. Its no secret that those neighborhoods were where the disenfranchised exist across this country and in the urban centers as generally minority. Depending on the part of the country in many cases mostly africanamerican, and those communities suffer through a number of issues whether it is poverty, the breakup of the family unit, lack of education, poor resources, no optimism, no jobs, Poor Health Care can lead in the water, it all sounds familiar. This creates legal cynicism and i know most of you know what it is but it is defined as a Cultural Orientation in which the law into the engines of its enforcement are legitimate by responsive and illequipped for the Public Safety. Just think about that. The law is illegitimate. And its not talking just about the police. It is an indictment of the entire system of the government that is not providin provided we communities need. Look at flint michigan and what happened there. So, in my mind what youre looking at now is the cynicism on steroids but if we point out the most forward elements of the failed government system of the police, we are on the streets with them and we point at the sphere for the government. You dont see the states attorneys on the street or the u. S. Attorneys on the street, you dont see elected officials on the street unless they are campaigning or it is an antipolice marched these days. But the problem is the political reaction if they do occur whether it is in chicago or ferguson, these incidences do occur and the problem is the political reaction to those events is making things worse. Weve misdiagnosed the problem. Its not the police. The problem in the country is the social and economic divide that puts people in those disenfranchised communities that they are in. So, in essence we are taking the wrong medicine and thats what i believe. The simplest way to describe it and the result is what we are doing it certainly chicago is the worst example is chicago. Chicago in 2015 less than half of 1 of the shootings in the city of chicago. If there wasnt one of those shootings that exist in 2015, it still would have been 4,300 people shot in chicago. The police are not the problem. The political reaction has resulted in a huge increase in the crime rate. I use the word accountability because that is the word is used when we talk about the police and the accountability goes to the elected officials. The offender over the last eight years was the department of justice. The department of justice by saying that we are engaging in systemic racism. Each one of them came to the same conclusion but methodologically flawe flawed al as investigative and i think that the conclusions were predetermined and in the methods used to go to the city and they take the testimonials and say the problem is they draw the same conclusion almost exclusively that the departments that they investigate are engaging in systemic racism. We faced this in new york and across the country. The department of justice changed the Supreme Courts decision with their findings. It comes from the 1968 case versus ohio and say you cant stop somebody based on reasonable suspicion. In their findings now, the department of justice constantly comes up with the phrase that would disproportionately stop someone and in the investigation they say that they were using Excessive Force against the dominican individuals. Primarily, you hear it all the time, they were stopping africanamericans. The reason they come up with this is because they compare the population demographics into the city of chicago if we went before the Supreme Court and said we were using the population demographics. Citywide, 70 of the stops for the two year period in 2013 and 2014 were africanamerican. The problem is suspect to be done from the crime victims had been 72 of the offenders in this practice were described as male blacks. So, in a city that has the outofcontrol crime rate in the neighborhood of inglewood which is 90 . Second of all what impact would that have on the crime rate, dont the individuals that live there deserve to live in safety . Bottom line is stop the data in chicago and nearer the crime data in the books to show that. The only demographic that would stop at the higher rate for the two year period in chicago were caucasian. Everybody else patches up almost precisely across all of the boards but you look at. During the analysis that i gave you the head of 1965 murder rates in the city of chicago. We had a 40 reduction in the overall crime. We made 20,000 plus arrests. You dont arrest everybody, you arrest the right people. With 20,000 plus, we mad need me gun arrests. Chicago takes more guns off the street than any city in the country, three to one comparison to los angeles, 71 in comparison to new york city, yet we had a 68 reduction in Police Related shootings over my tenure. That is a fact that isnt out there. We had a 50 reduction in the complaints against the offices. So, it is not all that bad but theyve gone up 80 from the numbers they got them down to in 2013 and 2014 and in chicago last year it represents more than the 20 to 45 when you look at per capita mentioned. So what are the fixes . Theres no political solution to the practical problems. It starts with truth telling. Some of us felt uncomfortable in the room because everybody is uncomfortable when we talk about race. Putting body cameras on isnt going to reverse the years of racist laws that were enforced by the Police Officer. And every one of our interactions is viewed through the prism of history. We have to have some truth telling and talk about our history as a nation. Its going to make us uncomfortable, but the first step is recognition. Weve got to recognize the problems, what we did our soldiers in hotoourselves and ht ourselves in this position. We have to recognize the social and economic problems and actually address them. Not to put bandaids on a gunshot wound and we need to establish the constitutionality of the data driven policing. We cant do our job without the understanding and a clarification of that. We do not engage in the systemic racism by addressing crime patterns. Its called intelligent policing. This characterization has the great danger to modern policing and we cannot establish the trust that we never had without presentday chicago. [applause] thanks, gary. Thank you, bill for your continued career in Public Service and to the Heritage Foundation for sponsoring the forearm and bringing to the attention to this post serious of all problems wer we are facn the communities. For both bill and the general we talk about the executive sessions and to some extent continuing that kind of dialogue with having as you heard today multiple voices coming together to discuss what they consider to be the most urgent problems. And i think that is commendable, and i am glad to see my friend here from baltimore, dwayne crawford. The incentives then from the Police Department and also, the nature city chiefs. We are fortunate to have that kind of attention and Community Support coming together to hear from the Heritage Foundation sponsoring this event. I think it is very important. Let me say that theres a couple of papers in here that are, ive had the chance to share some views and one of the things i want to talk about is the crime without consequence. That turns out to be the tale of two cities and im not talking about new york and los angeles. I am talking about within the same city that the citizens look to their local property to maintain the police and these noble objectives have become a little more because especially homicide rates have risen in most major cities. In the end of 2016 including houston and philadelphia, san antonio and a lot of others. It wasnt spoken about the 800 carjackings so far this year. Its not happening throughout that city it is happening in certain neighborhoods and that is a tale of two cities. Even in carolina they had 13 involving truck, sides and more troubling than that, this is something that hasnt been talked about, the police are solving far fewer homicides than we have in the past. The Philadelphia Inquirer concluded that people are getting away with murder. The homicide clearance rate for the large cities has been in steep decline for the last 60 years. From around 90 when ed meese was the assistant it was 90 down to 60 in the 50s that are currently happening now. The impact of falling crime rates can be seen by the quick calculation. If you view the end of the envelope a bit 211,000 homicides that have not been solved into period of time. Those are people that have not been held accountable, and people that may have gone off to kill again because the police were not able to complete them. In some neighborhoods according to the Police Superintendent, the clearance rates for homicides were in the Single Digits and suspects may never be arrested. A murder for Violent Crime generates growing attention across the country and shortfalls in the system to hold offenders accountable and provide a protection for the citizens a prime obligation of the government to demand a greater priority and attention. He commit Violent Crime and resistor attack the police. The police in our communities are risk and need help in reversing these. With local clear rates in these neighborhoods individuals who commit murder and other crimes have an overwhelming probability of never being held accountable. In some communities witnesses are afraid to help the police because they feel like they will become targeted for reprisals of snitches. Even with new technologies like forensic dna that was developed at the federal government, digital cameras, facial recognition, gunshot technicia technicians, often missing are the updated investigatory techniques, effective use of street Intelligence Community providing information including witnesses to participate in criminal trials. The police need real assistance to address these with practices that are evidencebased and practical. By the warring cameras are one example of practical worn technology that is being allotted and braced the stakeholders of the community, advocates for better policing and better training. Its been embraced by police to exonerate Police Officers where their behaviors been a correct according to policy and in the rare cases where they had violated the training that theyre available for some kind of sanctions. That has been a game changer. No longer do spend six months try to figure out who is responsible and say we cant tell because he said she said in this way with bodywork cameras within a few hours you can get a result in a result that ends up with a definitive answer in terms of whether the Police Conduct was correct or was in violation of policy. The interesting thing about Police Cameras is that many people speculated people wearing cameras will be less involved in policing. In an experiment done by cna in las vegas, the largest experiment wearing body cameras and they found out there is about a 15 increase in self initiated activities in both pedestrian and vehicle straps by Police Officers by those who wore body cameras. It had more than 400 officers involved. The evidence is phenomenal in terms of being remarkable. One of these circumstances that were facing both the issue of racial hostility, the distrust of the police and the low clearance rates, i proposed a series of things for the Trump Administration one has to do with reducing Violent Crimes. The first thing i like to say is they should expand the Technical Assistant programs or provide analytical and Technical Support to Police Agencies to combat crime and murder. What im suggesting is they need to increase the work thats going on in the Public Safety partnerships 15 different locations on the Smart Policing that was developed that is now working in order 45 jurisdictions. Important Lessons Learned through approaches and designs. For example, the Smart Policing pairs an analyst with the Police Department the Research Partner to Work Together as partners in identifying the problem in solving it. So you dont get a researcher that says i gotcha. Somebody who works in partnership with police and is responsible for helping solve their problem. In the l. A. Police department, and he was there when they to do Smart Policing they piloted new strategies in your favorite district, shooting and they reorganize that by using an analyst and to detectives they zeroed in on hotspots and were able to reduce commercial burglars by 20 . The project is successful the charles beck is now beginning to migrate through every district in the lapd. In boston they leverage grants to reduce homicides and now have a reduction of 15 of homicides in an increase in the clearance rates by 35 . There are things that can be done the police need help. Its not that you just say lets get a new chief, there has to be a comprehensive way to make a difference. Richmond, california with Technical Assistance they move from 38 solution of homicide to 66 . In oakland away from 57 to 74 after federal assistance. I also think that providing best practices for realtime Crime Centers was something that was done by bill bratton and many others to be able to be sure they are identifying areas where crime needs prevented and move in more effective ways. They need to work more closely with these task forces and i suggest you look at the new Jersey New York one going on with the executive District Attorney. Theyre doing a great job with the police and helping them. Theres much more ground that can be done in community partnerships. I would suggest they look at things like we and seed and project safe neighborhoods that really made a difference and was embraced by the Clinton Administration and abandon quite frankly by the Obama Administration and needs to be recast for today. Its an opportunity for the Trump Administration to begin to make a difference and use Research Money and Technical Assistance money to address things that are relevant to the local police. Thats where the measure has to come from. It should not come from washington and police have to conform. But it should respond and work with as partners with the local police. I would like to close and turn it back to john and save the remaining part of my time for questions. [applause] thank you. Will probably run a little bit long, that caucus five minutes fast. If i could ask you to join us i know you have a hard stop. Well, for one question. I just want people to have an opportunity to ask you something. I will just in this right over to audience questions. Bill stay for one question and that will talk for ten minutes and leave it at that. So any hands . Theres a hand in the back. I would like a, on the militarization of Police Departments and the equipment coming from military and the impact on that on community perception. Ill be brief. The militarization as is called is somewhat of an overdramatic term. The reality in the 70s, 80s and 90s is the violence levels police were dealing with require Police Leaders and others equip offices to deal with what theyre experiencing. Start with bulletproof vest, and last year everyone of the police cars and new york city are equipped with ballistic doors and windows. There ballistic helmets and heavyduty vests. As officers respond to the increasing concern of terrorism, active shooters, weve seen three incidents in schools of active shooters, we have an obligation to our officers to give the appropriate equipment, training, and supervision. One of the ferguson effects was the inappropriate appearance and inappropriate use of some equipment that have been given to police personn test the increase of murders in place over the past years thats the reality we face. We have an obligation to go in harms way. Active shooters used to say wait outside, now they go right through the door. We have the obligation of trying to save lives. I apologize, i went over on my prepared remarks and i apologize theres a plana have to catch. Thank you for your attention to and thank you to the Heritage Foundation. And to you for the opportunity although no longer in the business i still live in this country and city and im still concerned. Thank you. s anything you like to say about the ending of the trent 1033 program, thats coming back, is there anything you like to say about the militarization of the police . I think its an example of during out the baby with the bathwater. At the time i was Vice President of Major City Chiefs Association when ferguson went on. We were all aghast at least speaking for myself, my polling if you call them the police can turn a protest into a right and you dont have at the front line of the protest, you dont of people with rifles pointing them into the crowd saying there using the telescope as binoculars, i have an idea, get a set of binoculars. So throughout the baby with the bathwater, in chicago we had an incident where there is an active gunbattle that went on for about 45 minutes. Please bearcats to extricate 30 civilians and ten life listed officers from inside the red zone. Cecily use it. You dont use it in the fashion was used in ferguson. So one picture of one individual Police Officer spurred this whole thing. Has bill point that we have an obligation to not only protect our officers will protect the public are not talking about 22 revivals on the street, were talking about ak47s and high velocity bullets. I just want to win a little bit, we did a lot of work at the National Institute of justice. I tried to get Police Alternatives to the kinds of ways to suppress or deescalate incidents by working on chemical major chemical spray, working on what became the taser giving some alternatives to police. I think the federal government can do more to give a surplus military equipment. The government needs to Design Equipment that is for the police task. Thats one of the things that its made an error. The police need to advocate more for their own research area. In a very small buzz that at the National Institute of they created a bulletproof vest that save thousands of lives at the military now uses. They felt the tasers and other things that are very important but please specific. We dont have enough of that kind of support. There needs to be more of the ms being frowned upon by lots of people. The police need it, they cant rely on getting a surplus tanks from someone or flamethrowers because thats not what we will use. On the other hand were being confronted with active shooters we just had some happen in the navy yard, there is a baseball thing that happened in virginia that the alexander people are here, they did a fine job of that, question is the police are Getting Better at what they do next to the fact that theyre getting more scrutiny and more resources, so please cant figure this out on their own, they have to have some help. A quick question and answer,. Thank you for doing this, spent 19 years a lawenforcement culminating my career earlier this year. The ferguson effect is one of the most lamentable things i saw take place over the last few years. Why think we can come up with ideas on how local officials can help motivate officers to be more proactive in my monitoring what your thoughts are on what the government can do to motivate state and local Law Enforcement officers to get out there be more proactive. We talked about the doj, the Obama Administration was thinking for lawenforcement in my opinion but im wondering what your thoughts are. I agree with the last statement you made. I had the opportunity to meet the president on a number of rotation. I found him engaging and he listen to us. We sat with the president on a couple different occasion and he heard us that the application of whatever happened after that i cannot explain. Think Police Officers officers need to know they have support in the Political Landscape in this country has changed dramatically in places like baltimore, chicago the various places across the country. And everything we do, the recommendations i have as far as acknowledging our history, looking at the social economic issue not necessarily blaming the police is something that needs to happen on all levels of government. Unfortunately we see a lot of government inaction especially here in washington. I dont know if it is ever going to happen on the lower levels i think its easier to push that through. One of the things about the ferguson effect is the you became the of cell phones. Their snippets of cell phone footage that show something that looks awful that might be lawful. It gets repeated and it seems like its happening nextdoor. It might be happening three time zones away. The other thing that a slow down is that the police themselves have been slow to get a narrative about what happened. Jerry and i disagree about that that the District Attorney will column. Reporter you have them at the chicago chris. Actually did. Spend some time at the editorial boards. When the police hold off on getting information out on the shooting or controversy incident they wait for six or nine months, another narrative is picked up based on what is talks about the generational history of abuse by police enforcing laws that have been jim crow another situations have occurred. And by waiting for the courts order somebody else to tell the narrative its told over dinner table and over bars and barbecues every day how the police have abused it and how their cooking up another story. To help with that there something we can do collectively to get the information out. More body cameras have helped stimulate that because its only in response to the cell phones. If the cell phones werent there the body cameras were not be as urgent. The bottom line is that all policing is local. Whatever it is that the federal level the responsibility to address crime occurs locally. The motivation of that personnel belongs to the chief and the sheriff. Thank you for being here today. [applause] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] sunday night on q a, scott gruber on his book the unexpected president. The life and political career of chester a. Arthur. He ended up on the ticket by accident. She was surprised to be there. He never imagined to be the he was surprised to be there. He never imagined to be the president of the United States. Into thousand 11, in 2011, the Central Intelligence agencys Information Management services declassified over 200 documents regarding intelligence on the soviet union that the cia provided the reagan administration. Included in the release were cia video briefings created by the directorate of intelligence for policymakers. , aext, on reel america video from 1986. [speaking russian] the people dont have power in your country. What you have is crime, sadism , and implement, and drug addiction