Congress Jefferson Building including the designers, construction and declaration. The u. S. Capital Historical Society hosted this event as part of their annual summer lecture series. It is about one hour. Quite a few more people expect you can see on the cover that we have this personal information on the lower right side. If you do not have a copy and would like one or if you would like another just send me a email. I will send you a copy. Ultimately you can get a copy whether you have wanted they are not. This is a mixed audience, i have no idea of your expertise. My expertise is this i am a docent at the library. I have become interested in the history of building the building. Interested in it because of the individuals involved. Big buildings need big egos. That is what we have here. There is no question about it. The fascinating psychological story, the historical story. I am going to go into these primary elements. I amu do not know this sorry i am repetitious but that is the way life is and the way it is going to be. I may very well discuss what i think is the most important part of the building and what i emphasize on my tumors is that the building is intentionally designed to be dramatic. Main thing about the building that i like. That is the historical development. When we talk about the history of the building, it will take about 1520 minutes. The decoration for about 20 minutes. Then you can ask questions. If you have any questions by all means ask. I may step on your toes in the midst of doing that. If you have anything you disagree with asked me questions. Tousa question i am likely never shut up. By all means as a question. Want you to look at the handout. We are going to go through it very quickly. The cover page is not interesting. I have these first few pages like a agenda. This will describe what i am going to do today. We are going to duck about the decoration of the building. I have also printed of several chronologies. As one of thehis most effective ways to study anything is chronology. Times we have to say things and we look at the chronology alone it will inform you of many of the things. The first analogy is that it is a 19th century building. I am going to spend time on this. You may notice a couple of things. London and the Capital Building are roughly contemporaneous. That is something very few people are aware of. Building in barcelona was started before the library of Congress Building. Then some of those buildings are on here. Many of the architects you talking about are on here. Top line aret american admissions to paris. First is in 1845 and it goes to the last. Only the last of the 19th century. These are significant american architects and you may find this interesting. One is used in chronology of the building. This is what i am going to be talking about today and large part today. Next chronology is a doublepage one. It is the relationship between two men. And youalk about them can refresh your memory and get the details later. See the lets next 46 pages are parts of the design we will talk about today. What you may find most at one points that when it became clear the library would need more space. Was to changeemes the front of the building to look like this. Thank god that did not happen. Another scheme was to add five stories to the building on the Capital Building. Think about that, they actually thought about doing that. They chose to build the library of Congress Building. There are a series of construction photographs that follow. I will mention i do not think i will say much about them except for this. This particular spread here, i want you to look at this and later on we will talk about it. Architectural concept drawing of the inside of the great hall. It was painted in 1888. In 1888 there was a hole in the ground. This is the architects conception. The way of is on the bottom is how it looks today. If you take that picture and you eliminate the colors look at the structure of the two buildings they are identical. There are two changes. Have thee is that you bullseye window along the top. Is that thee central arch has been dumped up. In 1892. Finally this is a error in my part these were supposed to be facing pages. This photograph and this photograph. That is because of my error. These are two library interiors. That is a brief introduction to your handout. Now lets get to the building. Current all, the library of Congress Building. I prefer to so call it the Congressional Library building. That was the original name of it and that is what people call it in 1980. It has only been the Jefferson Congress builte the madison building. Because of that change the library said we will call the old Congressional Library the Jefferson Building. The old Annex Building would become the adams building. The three buildings received their honorary names in 1890. That is a recent raid this was always the Congressional Library building. In 1870, a itself big day in 1870. In 1870 the copyright act passed. Under that everyone has to provide two copies to the Copyright Office which is located in the library of congress. What happens is that all of the books committed in. They come in and come in. Ultimately we talked about the old space and it was obvious it was not going to be nearly enough space. In 1870 the copyright act passes. Then a annual report the next year. In this report i am going to run out of space resume. 1872 they Start Talking about needing a new building. In 1872 he asked for the building that we have now. This is the first time he makes the actual request. In 1873 there is a design cap petition for a new building. Is won by competition a local firm called smith meyer and tells. Men, this is a it was a wedding in hell. If any of you are architects or pharmacists. You know the drill. Andh meyer is the rainmaker tells is the worker bee. This will never work out. Heth meyer is a lobbyist and is a intellectual. Design that has one of those variations. They submitted the design which is accepted. It is called a international competition. From was one submission overseas. In 1873. The design until 1886 they submit that it depends on how you count somewhere between 1013 designs on the building. Congress never pays additional money. What,eep saying you know why dont you get is a design that looks like this . That is what these variations are that you are seeing in your handout. This is what these are. When they will push up the front of the capital. Armser scheme was to have and closing it like the vatican. And 1886 the on the original design that none of them worked out. In 1886 Congress Said ok we are going to build the building. The first time they commit themselves but they commit themselves is pretty much the same thing that was revealed in 1870. This is the designer that remains in 1886. Smith meyer is hired as the architect and given the title of the architect of the Library Building. He hires his partner. That was quite a relationship. Basically he offers him his own as a draftsman. It is not going to work out. He reacted very negatively to that. In any event the two of them are architects until 1888. They did the basic drawing for the building. This is the basic building that exists today. This is the design. Between 19 1887 and 1888 there is a problem. There is a controversy of cement. Smith meyer is arrogant as i said. As i said a big building needs a big ego. Ansys ony arrogant and having a coach and horse. He alienated everyone. He alienated congress, he alienated his contractors. Everyone. Everyone hated him. The one thing that really got him on the wrong side of he accused ahat congressman of trying to assert undue influence on choosing the material for the building. That did not help. Then there was a cemented controversy. I will not go into it. He delays the construction of the foundation for six months. Congress goes crazy. They say we have to get this bill. We want to get this bill. Coincidentally at the same time the state war and maybe building currently the Eisenhower Office building is finished. That was built under the direction of Thomas Lincoln casey who was the head of the army corps of engineers. As well as lincoln Bernard Green. The state war and baby Building Construction ends and a immediately Bernard Green who had been working on this comes to work at the library of Congress Building. The Congressional Library building. He is a absolute genius. Bernard green is a construction genius. He can do anything. He does. He takes over the daytoday construction because smith meyer alienated everyone nothing was getting done. So green takes over the construction of the building. Smith meyer remains at the building until later in 1888 when Thomas Lincoln casey takes charge of the building. The army corps of engineers is placed in charge of the building. Immediately and teaches partner on. Of the reasons that this partnership did not work out is because smith meyer was the rainmaker. Drawingsis that the that were necessary had all been done by pals. They had to have him. They kept them on to finish the building. Firedy he is eventually in 1892 when the drawings are all done. The important thing is this. The Library Building that is built is actually his building. This is his building. It has the title of smith meyer because that is the partnership. All of the drives are his. Some of them have smith meyers. Ames on them the building starts to get billed in 1888. When Thomas Lincoln casey takes over. On until the end of the building. Until it is built. And theding itself construction is very simple. Design of the building is simply a rectangular space. Pavilions corners. Middle andn the roomsing on the year between them. A great hall. Along the outside of the building any number of sculptures. , decorations on the outside of the building are columns, all of the carbon on the building was done by local government covers. 50re was a crew of about carvers or 40 carvers. They worked on the building, they were granite carvings on the outside and marble carvings on the inside. Most of them were nameless carvers. Sculpting not so much. Carbon is important. This is the structure of the building. They built the building in until 18949 right up when the building closes. 1894 they have enough of the building closed in and that is when they start hiring the artist and sculptures. Is the way it gets built. Involved are fighting. In 1892. Ispute arises there was a dispute between the men who designed the building decorations of the inside of the building. The question is who designed the building . Who is the architect of the building . Is it going to conceptualize the building or is the architect the one who decorates the interior. That alwaysquestion motivates the trouble that happens from this point forward. Has a son,oln casey Edward Pierce casey. Casey he is the second son of Thomas Lincoln casey. As workers casey graduates from columbia with a degree in civil engineering. He gets a architectural degree from columbia university. He worked in new york. He works there until 1890 and from there he goes to paris. In paris he stays there for two years and returns an 1892. Working on thets library of congress. This is Thomas Lincoln casey. Now any questions . Any questions about any of this . Oh boy. The cement controversy is this. Instantyer took a dislike to one of his contractors and suppliers. He tested the cement and he would test it. He said it is no good. The contractor said my cement is good. There are thousands of cement tests for hours. Eventually they said use it. But ended the controversy alternately that was one of the reasons he was fired. Nothing . Ok, Thomas Lincoln casey is appointed the head of the army corps of engineers in 1888. He takes over the building and immediately he and Bernard Green it is like night and day. The bill that goes on right away from that point forward. In 1892 his son returns from aris. Working on the library of Congress Building. A declaration of the woodwork in the congressional reading room. It is a very small job. Eventually he gets more and more responsibility. He gets more and more of the decoration. Gradually he decides that he is the architect of the building. He identifies himself that way and publication. Other people identify him that way and publications. Have a engineer who is doing decorations. We have a architect who is doing he is aons and he says architect. This is published in 1895 and smith meyer goes ballistic. They go absolutely crazy. As you would expect. Tremendous, tremendous controversy. If you will look at your hand the very last pages. Page 38 of your handout. Aboves the plaque that is the central arch of the main reading room. I want you to look at the priority on the plaque. First of all, who is most important . Thomas Lincoln Casey. Do we see the architect . He did not even do anything. One misconception is of the army corps of engineers built the building. They had nothing to do with building the library of congress. Thomas Lincoln Casey was in charge. He trusted Bernard Green and said billed it. Building withthe civilian contractors and day laborers. That is who built building. Individual contractors. Who gets priority . Thomas Lincoln Casey. Then there is a line. Showing he is above all the others. Then her nurturing is next. It is his best friend. Who comes next . Smith meyer who was the the one who did all of the work on the architecture. You can see there is a problem with priority. Edward pierce casey was a architect. He did note of the architectural work at the library of congress. He is the one responsible for the decoration. This plaque was a huge amount of controversy. This isan think about serious stuff. It is very very important. That is not to take away from what Edward Pierce casey did. This is the important part and this is part of the problem. If you know people or if most of you have been to the building know this the library of Congress Building from the centuryit is a big 19th hall. It is uninspiring. It is this rectangular space with pavilions. That is it. Inside the building the whole thing opens up. From theremember library of Congress Building is the interior. That is his work. There is no doubt about that. Paintings, that is designed. Edward peers casey designed all of the ceilings. Those of you who have been on the first floor know about the family room and all of those rooms those are his design. Man whoned them with a made the cartoons and they sent them all to the venetian. They had been done by him conceptually. He also designed all of the floor mosaics on the second floor. Those of you but ive been up there know this. Effect was his. Elevator grill, and workers casey. The columns, that was him. This is all edward peers casey design work. Done by a different harassment in different shops but it is all his hindu work. All of that design work. Certain things have a certain priority with the various wings . I cannot answer the question directly. I can answer it indirectly. It may exist but nowhere have i mend documentation excuse the question was how did edward peers casey arrived at the decision to put these designs in specific locations. The answer to the question is i have no clue. Indirectly can think heated not do anything without the approval of his father. His father would not have done anything without this. Is three of them together the answer to the question. I say that because in a letter from the artist we have letters from the artist to Bernard Green. We have the ones that come back. You can tell that some of the artists are angry about where their stuff is being put and why they are doing this. Those people who know the no about a war of peace. Do one of land and sea. This is a agricultural scene. That is something he wanted to do. He had done war in peace in chicago. It was a big hit. Alexander the history of the book, he did not want to do that either. He wanted to do examples of elegant printing. He wanted to make elegant paintings. They would not let him do that. Ofre is a conceptual notion what is going where, but i cannot decide who decided what. How much oversight did congress have . Zero. This is one of the things. One of the things that happens is this. You can almost make this out. Congress is angry. Here is the thing. Casey is being appointed the head of the corps of engineers. What was the question . Committee work there is a quid pro quo when casey takes over casey takes over. Congress including all budgetary concerns. He decides everything. Side everyoln casey check. He signed every voucher. He did everything. Green it because bernard sent that to him. He knew he would send it signed it. He would go on vacation every year for about two months. ,e would go to New Hampshire every day or every other day casey. Green would write they would send him checks, congress had nothing to do with this. Congress was stunned to find out the extent of the sculptures going into the building. There was a inquiry into that. The answer was you go away. That was basically it. He took charge. He took charge but having his friend take charge. This carries read through to the end. Then green replaces them. They pass a resolution to replace them. This is a quid pro quo. He was so strong. Casey is appointed head of the army corps of engineers. Or three months later he is put in charge of the library of congress. He is given charge of that and the night before the bill passes a senator goes up to him and please keep smith meyer on. He says no way. He says it is out of the question. And the date of looms me right now. Is appointed on day one. That is when he is appointed. That is with a senator comes over and says please keep smith meyer on. He says no way. It cannot be done. Out of the question. The same day he tells Bernard Green to write the letter firing everyone. This is standard corporate practice. Some of you may know this. When you take over take over a company you automatically fire everyone and then you hire back who you want to. The day before he has bernard the letter. He comes over to a house at night and casey reviews the letter. This happens and immediately smith meyer is out. Hires the drafter to replace them. The next day. Day three the was a big case in washington dc. It was all over the papers. Day three his former wife shows and says thanks a lot for hiring my husband. We need the money. He and his children need the money. By day he decides he hates them. He hates anyone who would leave their family and the lurch. Poisons the relationship going forward. To a serious extent. Green despise him. Yet the fact of the matter they like his building. It is his building. Splash it is his building. Wasnt his son also famous because he got all of these artists . He got them to work very cheaply because it was a recession when they were working. I think you are confusing two different things. You are confusing the panic of 1893 which was a serious depression in our country and the hiring of the artist. They were all paid a standard fee. There is about 110. No, they did not come from there. The artist, here we go. Sculptors and artist. We will talk about that next. A big event in chicago. 1893hicago expedition in overthink we tend to emphasize the significant food i will give your question. We tend to over emphasize the and especially in relation to the building. I prefer to think of it as this. Buildingition and the there is no direct relationship between them or at least very little. I will explain in a minute. What is going on is that the states has changed in dramatic ways. What i mean is money. By this Time United States of america is a excerpt nearly will pay country. , theve you a example Standard Program is four years. Majority go to paris and they do not take the whole program. They say cap the program. They take it to your program. They go to paris study for two they put at the end followed by ed ba. This is it. And come back United States they go to work. Only tontrance class finish the whole course. Back. Ans just came what happens is there is a huge amount of money in the United States. It goes to these buildings. I mentioned city hall, they have this, if were all very wealthy. Phenomenonultural going on. With the expedition and the building as far as the direct relationship, there is very little. It is not a small number. Artists in chicago. That is a lot of art. Hundreds of examples of this at the exhibition. Here is another. , in the library of Congress Building there are 20. Most of them did exhibit this. Out of those 20, here is the thing. Were members of the architectural league. Are friends here employing friends. Is happening. These are friends and friends giving jobs to friends of friends. 14 of the 20 sculptors. I have another question. 14 of the 20. For those artists i think there 56 who are also a member of the new york architectural league. That thisappened is is all public art. If you are a sculptor who is going to give you your job. It is going to be a architect. Along andse people contribute to the building. I probably have not answered your question. Proddedought that he some of these great people. From chicago there was a overlap. There is no question about that. Not from paris. Anything else . Expected Thomas Lincoln casey, did he not already have the reputation from the state may be building and they brought him in for the purpose of not answering to congress . That is absolutely right. He would have nothing to do with congress. Thomas Lincoln Casey who was responsible for the war building are coming in 2 million left. Casey is theincoln one who rescued the Washington Monument. Thomas Lincoln Casey was in charge. This was his man. Here is the other thing. Edward pierce casey, i mentioned , he goes through life wanting to be the architect and identifies himself as the architect. Casey did exactly the same thing. His father did the same thing at the Washington Monument. I only when this about three weeks ago. At the top of the Washington Monument on the inside is a black, a marble plaque that says Thomas Lincoln casey architect. Which is absolutely not the case. He did the same thing his son would do in another 20 years. They have the same attitude. You are right. He takes charge. If he wants to ignore people he does. He is not adverse to listening to senators who have a extra grind. Green. S them off on green just makes them go away. The best he did was a proctor, it was the main controversy. Thatwe all remember is there is no documentation for that. Marble for sure. Many of the american Marble Quarries were very upset about this as you may expect. They wanted domestic marble to be used. Just as the american artists use. He owned a marble quarry. The senator was very upset by all of this. Been, Thomas Lincoln casey said we are going to use this. They use that. Because although the and all of the invoices say italian marble in the specification documents they say it is quite identical to that is what is in the office of Bernard Green. Samples identical. Which are this kind of marble. That is i you know. The building was a Major Construction project. I am going to show you something and then pass this around. Not only the building but the power plant. You mayunit many of not be aware of this. This is the rear of the building here. Whether it is now a parking lot this was a major power plant. There was a immense smokestack. Plant there were 16 boilers like this generating heat, ventilation and electricity to the building. They had to generate their own electricity. Ok. How much time oh my god. When you open up your packet, you will find these things. This will illustrate to you the difference between a sphere and. Hemisphere on the globe this is nothing new here, but, this is what happens when the race a sphere. Library,he picks and and this is the library of congress. This is all about drama. Thats what this picture is. If you look at these pictures here, this is the structure of the dome. In the library. The library dome is larger than the dome at the Capitol Building. The doma at the Capitol Building hemisphere,ith a diameter, library of congress is 100 feet. The structure of the dome at the library of Congress Building is this. This is a mode point this is 50 feet. Drawn they drawn here. 20 people of this note is another node. That is 70 feet. Thats the exterior dome on the building. This look at the drawing. Also, one thing that was confusing, i couldnt understand what this is all about. If you look on your handout its going on here is, this wide brickwork, stone on the exterior this is all brickwork that is the socket here at the window. Back, you can go piece this together. You see that . The difference between the end exterior dome and interior down dome, 20 feet. [indiscernible] 22,000,287. [laughter] wow no, i have no clue. Its a good number. Its a good number. Important thing to remember is that you have to keep this in mind. On the marvel on the inside, its only an inch thick on the inside of the building. The marble this is a brick building. It picture in your handout shows you. This is the interior of the great hall. Page 18. You are looking at it Brick Holding with a one inch marble mining. As far as the outside is concerned, this is a granite overlook. You can see the granite overlay in the construction photograph. 1617 rather 16. 17, simply shows you, the fancy ceilings. The walls and paintings have worked with one inch of plastic. Then, a thin layer of the plaster pirates another form of plaster. Thats all it is. One of the reasons about the skim ahead of time and under budget. This is terribly disorganized. Thisfascinated, though, by. Its absolutely fascinating. Take a look at the drawings. By the way, this used in the out isch be this bump his drawing. He did that between 8892. Ok. Question, yeah. Yes. Thank you so much. At the very beginning, you mentioned look government powers, im not sure what that means. Ok, good. Secondly. Was there a union . You can answer any of these questions with just two sentences. With a dominant nationality of this im thinking italian or german, i dont know if thats true were there any women involved in this endeavor, and were there any africanamericans involved . Number one. But if this straight. Sculptors dont carve. Is daniel the new test has the Lincoln Memorial. The Lincoln Memorial a scarf by these brothers from the bronx. Absolutely true. Brothersthat, these are in the library of congress. This was carved by the pitcher really brothers. Carved a lothers on the outside as well. If you know the gettysburg memorial in front of this courthouse. They carved a lot of other stuff in bc and new york. D. C. And new york. Outside,is work on the there are bouquets, monuments, rosettes. All of those are marble on the side inside. Workers were hired by the government to add this, they said, we needed 50 carvers. That was a semiskilled skill. 3436, pages, 3437. Thats an article on the Washington Post and yes. December 1894. Thats from the library of congress holding. Building. There is a whole roof of carvers hired by the government a whole group of carvers hired by the government. Buildingngs in the were done other either by government carvers or these brothers. Thats it. The plastic covers were done by individual artistic. Sculpture of history, for some reason, was on the floor of the great hall. Mold,tist stepped on the he stepped on his chief plastic mold work. He laid the sculpture on the floor at the library of congress , for some reason. The others were shape into pieces and put up around the building. But the marble carving everyone was probably italian. There were some italian carvers. There were some irish, german, scottish carvers. Babies, the chairs along this part. In 1992 they made a decision to what they hired the scope. The plaster version shipped on here the actual marvel marble was carved here. Baraka, onenamed was named burned. There were four people with be names b names. Nationality, ive got all the names, but i would say probably one quarter are italian recognizably. The restart and discrete, people of color. Thats it. Under your page for decorative element. The nerve of saint you have this unreliable. What is the story . There were two instances of equally hired originally who turned out to be unreliable, and they had to use some ofthe anerva mosaic was done by goodt, who proved to be no. He couldnt be reliable. He just couldnt do it. They give up with him, and eventually her and wondering your source oh no, he was unreliable and the other was george the scope or in the front who did the sculpting in the front on the bronze. They used tiffany for the glasswork, then he was going to use another big name or another part but they end up not doing it. The names here are in your materials. Collects a of questions. Andrew carnegie, he ever offered to make any contribution to the building of the library . Design ofthe interior the library. I knew the New York Public Library came later. Model,d they use for a design suggestions, for the interior . Thirdly, are you in the process of writing the definitive book . I havent seen the good [laughter] cap. I tell you what. You tell me the market for the book. [laughter] number one, s to carnegie, i have no idea. As to carnegie, i have no idea. They stayed within the government budget. Number two, was . Interior design. There were three Public Libraries and built at this ofe, boston public, library congress, and new york public. To my knowledge, there is no exceptrect interchange,ernard green and guernsey governor guernsey, who visited the boston public library. Mailing of the pierce gacy lived in new york i know that yours gacy lived in new york pierce gacy lived in new york. This is a Cultural Movement rather than a specific thing. Libraries started saying, hey, lets decorate them like this. Thats more profitable than looking at it as this is this influence, this is this influence great and is very difficult to crack crackdown carried could you talk about the influences on the main reading room design . Ive heard it resembles the pantheon, theres connections with the british library. The sections in the handout dont look at duplicate the similarities. Thats correct, they are all that way. The real influences im verynce question, nervous by influence questions, as you might have artie get out. In 1882, Congress Paid them to go to europe and look at libraries. Two of library skillet that did have sister picked in the library come in the british museum. They did have a reading room. The billing and around cervical reading room. If you want to say he did it because he saw them and like them cant answer. I would love to hear the answer, but i cant. The librarye that of congress resembled or as a replica of your in paris . No. I heard that. Again, no. This is general architecture. Architecture at this time i hesitate to say bogart for the building. It italian something as they designed it. Building, im thinking, italian renaissance. Arty we say, thats those something else. We describe it very specifically. There is one crucial way in which they are similar, thats a very distinct change. Look. At the front of the building, where are these circles with bus in front of them, there are nine of them. They are along the front of the building. 1888e original design in of the facade, these sculptures, the heads are down here, not just a low the glass. Below the class. 1892, they are up here in front like this. The one in paris its tempting to say hey, this is , who did the casey busts in the middle of the class. Did Edward Pierce gacy, did he decide what his art would be in the different rooms . Did he say, that is a specific type of room . Today assign an artist to a room did they assign an artist to a room . They put out an invitation for specific rooms. They said, we will give you a pavilion. The way they organize the arts and sent them to major artists. Iteve gotok civilian, a pavilion, a pavilion, a pavilion. All right. They said to them, ok. I will give you five grand. Then, they worked with the artists. Say, sometimes they had disagreements. It was casey grain and other casey greene and others who decided the suspects. This part i cant document. There was a story that renard Bernard Green, who says, i wrote several letters. He said, i am offering you a pavilion. , he no. G to green ive worked for the government before. They never bet. Yes they never pay on time. He was working in the Boston Library at that time. He said well, i wouldnt possibly conceive of getting lost in 20 grand unless van 20 grand. Y said on the same date eight or 10 artists on exactly the same date. One of them said on the same date one more thing. Im want to mention another thing that occurs to me. Those of you who have a real interest in buildings will this as an american dome. All of western civilization centuryes in 19 ath america. America and franco reversed. But thats ok. Now ok. Oh ok. The American Revolution happens before the french revolution. But, the reason is, they are not advertised emphasizing the revolution. You have to get to 19th century america. Heres the thing. Everyone talks about the abraham states, you see this referred to all the time. Its not just abraham lincoln. From thisrectly painting. This is of abraham lincoln. Enough i can do this now if i can do this. There. That way. E them this is a good portrait. A good version of it. Ok. Does one of those not have a bearded lincoln . Portrayed ase wa not bearded. Not like he is now. I do not think there is, no. Im really intrigued by the of the administrative structure for the creation of this with an Army Engineering stepping in, the architect being beneath him, the conflict between the two over credit for the building. Its a repetition of what have and a generation earlier at the United States capital. Essentially a congressional building, because it library of congress. Congress authorized and paid for. They created their own office of in the capital in 1860. That leads me to this question. Was there any connection or involvement between the architect of the capitol and the 1890 construction of this . Yes. The architect of the capitol as part of this community committee. The committee was ultimately abolished. One person was going to be in charge but he took it down. Executivere any executives involvement . Not directly as to that issue. President ial issue is when he this would again, youre absolutely right about this. Said it was supposed to work. The names have been in connection with cases . Yes they did. I know younger cases. Once the midst of a stash in court. When they moved to september . I might want to. [laughter] masons. December 5 doing if you want to be the library of Congress Anyone who wants to look at it, ill leave it with you. Telling you,m there is no shutting me up. Exterior,erior or what changes this . If i could make any changes . I do not know. Not sure that im competent enough. But something that strikes you as run. The artwork in the building is second rate. With a few exceptions. Ofhink the evolution civilization is great. I think many of the artist in the building are caught between two schools. Wantthe people are ts, andmpressionist artis theyre stuck with classical faces. When you look at the faces in the library of congress, you will have to look few and far between to find something. Its just true. The of itspery wonderful. Really. Look at this in the library. Its marvelous. Theres some work that is just dreadful stuff. Theres something really good as the illustrator. As far as the structure is concerned i think the display at the beginning the building is all about drama, the display is like. The color of the marble of the building. The gold. Its a wonderful display. This is the height of it to me. Sorry if i was disorganized, especially at the beginning. This is hard to get a hold of. No, let me see. Ok. Pardon me . The last comments ive made. More and many of the artists upset with the amounts of money upset with their work, maynard particular . He was told he couldnt cooperate for both federal building. Its a bit more complicated them out, as i understand. As i understand it, what happened was, the artist accepted less money than they wanted to accept. They did this because their assumption was they would receive money from copyright reproductions. If he would look on the paintings in the Library Building, you will see at the bottom almost all of them it says, copyright 1896 by so and so. Thats because they accepted reproduction rights for them. The part is correct. , the decisioncase was no, theres no copyright on government material. So you cant cap have become very canonic money. You cant have a copyright or make money. That hes going to be available afterwards if people want to come up. Yes. Gets more answers out of it, question of their wanting to ask. At the end, thank you. [applause] you are watching American History tv, 48 hours of programming of American History, every weekend on cspan3. Follow us on twitter, at east and history, for information on our schedule and to keep up with the latest history news. Cspan, where history unfolds daily. In 1979, cspan was created as a Public Service by americas Cable Television companies, and is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. Tonight, on q a. Winston churchill and george orwell. With talk of thomas ricks about orwell churchill and the fight for freedom. They never met. Them is winston. Churchill loves it. Orwell admired churchill, and wrote debt he admired him wrote that he admired him. Tonight on 8 00 eastern, on cspans q. Up next on American History tvs, real america, from 1947 dont be a sucker. Is the experience of a hungarian americans warn against the acting against minorities. He talked about persecution of minority groups and the eventual does your action of certain german society. This is about 20 minutes. [applause]