I want to welcome everyone to our first panel. Its ann amazing panel, probably the most important topic in emergence of a. I. And generative a. I. Language models and what it means the our industry, what i as we establish our center for Public Policy and responsibility through incompas 501 c 3 foundation, what we hope to do is to bring thought leaders together, theres no more Impressive Group of thought leaders than what a we have on stage who helped first lead google fiber and google wireless and has a tremendous background in industry,ou continues as a wt should i say, a startup . If a engineer . If no comment, yes. All of the above. Min gone clyburn, former mini Mignon ClyburnMignon Clyburn, former fcc chairwoman, South Carolina commissioner, just a tremendous friend. Our competition has worked in advisory roles with the with the department of defense as it relates to a. I. And cybersecurity. But from a government leader and one with one who can speak for communities and organizations around the country,ere very pleased to have Mignon Clyburn as an advisor on the board. You■e know, to say colin was a friend now, an old friend, a longtime friend. He worked for nowsenator markey but thencongressman markey in the early days of the formation of policies thatfo a brought us competition in capable and satellite and wireless. The 1996 telecommunications act, the early internet policy, the , and then he went on to establish the Government Affairs offices for twitter not only in the United States and washington, but around b the world. And now a heads up. Ais called the blue owl. Were very pleased to have his long, thoughtful policy advice, leadership, guidance and then [inaudible] from fran anytime telecommunications who can tell us from the industry and who is serving both government and commercial entprises a■rrod the country, if you think of walmart, walgreens, every post office, cvs, burger king, the retail multilocation market, granite touches almost everything, everywhere. And so were very pleased and proud to have everyone on this panel as we talk about a. I. And and how we should approach it, what are the enduring principles to this new application, this technology that is coming acros, i dont know, well kind of start with youst and go down the list. Any key issues that you want to point out or or principles of how we should approach a. I. From a Public Policy, from a industry best practices, and what are the big issues that you see coming ahead . If. Well, that was a really specific question. Yes. [laughter] i think, you know, old. I remember working on Internet Technology back in the days before the web. In those days you had to know a hot about the network in order to use it, right . Ilyou moved files, you had ema, this is before the system, etc. And then the browser showed up. And the browser made it really easy to use the internet without having to know about it. A. I. s been around for a long time. Virtually every product that google made has a. I. In it. But these large language molds that are out right ooh now have now right now have now made it easy to use a. I. Without having the torch engineer, etc. And ii think youre going to see a whole set of changes where youre going to have people enabled by these kind of tools to do things that only experts could doxp before. And given this is incompas and about competition, its really going to bring a lot more competition into the space. So photographers, for e■mple, who go out and do shoots for commercial clients, right, they want a picture of a certain set of things. Youre now going to have a whole t of people competing for that business who never if use a camera. At google there were some of the best engineers in terms of power management. And then they came out with an a. I. Model that not only matched, but exceeded that performance. And so you dont, now you dont necessarily [inaudible] [laughter] my pixel again. But now you end up with this leveling where companies dont necessarily have to go have the elite engineers anymore because youve got these new tools that bring you in a competitive range. So i think theres a great opportunity for people to upskill their, what they work on and improve productivity and for compan compete in a more aggressive way. Mignon, as you think about what are the guardrails in puic you might have or the great benefits and opportunities that you see . Well, good morning, tell, new hardware, software or [laughter] so forgive me for looking for limping in. Think its somehow symbolicic that im limping in. And i say that because and and im going to take some liberties with yourllowon me toe when i think about this panel today, i cannot help but think about i had been doing for almost 20 years of my life, and thats regulation. And when we talk about efficiencies and accuracies many innovation and when we talk about a. I. , how does that become ubiquitous or a standard inside of governmene a regulatory perspective . If i mean, what are we going to see there . How can we keep up, you know . When with i came in, you know, in regulation in it seemed very analog, very aning log. And even then analog. And even then we were about how we move forward and how we keep up with you guys in terms of innovation. If i can take a few liberties with your underlying question, really how this governmentnm kep up and had his government Leverage Technology itself . Had we better adopted when it comes to decisionmaking . ■e how do we better leverage to keep up with you guys . All of those things are really important. Lk as we continue to■ahe question later. I really wanted to set the stage because i really thinkd government in and of itself cannot divorce itself, not only from keeping upp with you but hw you guys proce a■ evolution should become integral and debated within us. Colin, i do think through your role in the our legislation for competitive policy across every network and■ platform, and the army policy formation of the commercial internet, either enduring principles that you can apply ai that could be insightful to the audience today, and as we establish the erour work . Sure. And thank you for the invitation to be on this panel. Happy super tuesday to those celebrating. I was just reflecting on what milo was saying about some of the early internet days, and one of the things that keep coming back to when i think about ai as a revolutionary technology from a consumer standpoint is that oftentimes those revolutionaryjw technologies bring some enthusiasm, some trepidation, some anxiety. And i was remembering when i was a young staffer on capitol hille in 1991, Phil Zimmerman released pgp encryption onto a usenet group and then it quickly found itself into the nascent and growing internet. So pgp stood for pretty good privacy. [laughing] but wha it did is it made encryption, in two and encryption strong encryption readily available to people who might not otherwise get it. However, in 1991, encryption was treated under regulation as amniti a munition. It was treated like rocket launchers or when grenadesu needed an export license to push commercial encryption outside of the United States. So by 1993 1993 phil zimmed itself underederal investigation for violating export controls. And when that pgp upload occurred of that strong encryption, Law Enforcement, the Intelligence Community, and a variety of other players in policymaking circles were very, very concerned. Why . Because with that thnoly terrorists could use it, organized crime syndicates could use, child predators. So t horribles that could flow from that. Now congress decided ultimately not to break encryption and to dumbt it down, so to speak. But Congress Took note of the concerns in 1994 passed the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement act which gave access to Digital Communications under valid Law Enforcement requests, because of unbreakable encryption arising congress had her neck the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 and about the affirmative defenses that would go to Digital Rights management that included strong encryption. So Congress Responded and help too great a framework not through one under this law but through a series of laws. And when i look at the fact that chatgpt was launched into the wild, and you see the reactions once again from Law Enforcement and the Intelligence Community and others, and there is a parade of portables that could spin out of that, that are nontrivial. You know, the world is new again, and so there is an element of what were seeing in policymaking debate right now where a new framerk may be needed, issues that had been settled for the previous era will need to beright licensing, including concerns about national security, but as with any technology and the values you asked about, chip, the values we care about, the human values that should animate technology are immutable. So even as the Technology Changes, the core values of the underlying communications act, diversity, localism, universal service as augmented in the telecom act in 1996 by adding values of competition and embrace of innovation and global markets, those values we retain even as the Technology Changes but we have to come up with a amework that embraces of the benefits of the new technology while being open eyed, as i said, to the ntr downside consequences as well, a builtn protection as best we can. Likee connected to a wide diversity of businesses around the country. As you talk to your customers, what are the application and the services, the benefits and the Network Optimization that you think would be important with ai, rob, ceo of granite, one of the leading philanthropists in the country cares deeply about cancer and cancer reseah. One of our advisers that is joining the encompass center is president of the university of arizona but path president and ceo of the Largest Cancer Research center in the world at. Md anderson and we have tremendous benefits that, i think, from a granite perspective about what you care about philanthropically and Health Research but your business customers. Oure hearing and what you think ai means to your customers . Absolutely. First off, thank you so much for having me, thank you for the incompas team. With regard to Granite Health communications i want to start by giving background about what exactly granite does. Really aggregating phone lineas for our customers and what we really have focused on is listening to both from a back end but what that means from us we are using automation to enable efficiencies across on one end and the vast amount of data that our customers have comincenes wo use ai in one platform and able to use that information to be able to tell customers, hey, this what has been going on, they are able to use or make their decisions, thats what is happening on the back end. We areouting automation to really enhance our provisioning enhance our troubleshooting, enhance configuration all to really minimize hum error, so our customers are getting a better experience at the end ofs seeing us do on the front end and they want to see on the backside. Platform 360 which is using ai to provide customers with all of the information that they need at fingertips instead of having to reach out, wait for response and look at the data especially in our case when we have customers that have locations across the United States. They dont want that raw data. Some of them do. They can make that analysis but what they are really looking for is a partner, leveraging ai, leveraging technology, provide them with the solution and all this Ai Technology being able to organize data that way is giving us the ability to provide our customers with the upmost Customer Experience but also tok help them drive and we have always been customer driven on ai and other as well. I will leave you with two words for the day . Yes. I usually do one word but its two words today. Avoid,1 regret. What we want to do is avoid and regreat. We want to put necessary guardrailss regulators as Business Owners and what we dont want to do come back and say, we should have, could have. At end of the day its going to take a community to do that. A vision to recognize that we really we want too harm, you know, we want to enable. We want to leverage innovation. But if a significant vulnerable sector of our population is harmed by all of this, we are going to have problems in the longterm and think is what i want to leave question. Sort of answer the go ahead. Im not suggesting that all guardrails are bad but depending on guardrails to prevent bad things from happening with information probably not a wise. What i mean by that is betting on ignorance which is what youre doing by saying were going to try and prevent the tools from giving people information that could be used in bad ways ■4 and so that data could be, has been used for all sorts of good. Its also been used for bad things. Ai is going to be the same way. The other thing i think that guardrails sometimes can do is cause the researchers to feel like they dont responsibility about thehe products they put o. Because after all it will be government who will put in you think guard rails will create that part of entrance of speedy i think guardrails ill give you good. This will be shown what we we doing in the years to come, resolving [inaudible] all the tensions that are transformational technology. During theoogle are member hs conversation with senior leader, and he said the reason why the researchers a s upsetps about this is they feel like physicists in the 40s and 50s, they didnt want the work being used for Nuclear Weapons. And i i said i actually worked n Nuclear Weapons when i was in school at cal. Whenever opensource the warhead design. You know, its one thing to say we are going to publish everything comic everything available, and then its up to the government to prevent bad things from being done with that information. I just dont think government can do that. And so thats i guess i finally did how to use the s mic, sorry. I guess my definition and howf guardrails is more of a check and balance. Its more of everyone o of us including government understanding what their w role is, what their responsibilities are and that this is not a freezone. And if we all recognize that and then its that inhibiting, its not tampering competition. Its enabling in a responsible way. You can tell we know each other. Call in. I will also say we dont need laws for good, ethical people. We pass laws for the people who are going to cross ethical lines, are tempted to greatly to do so perhaps. And so, oftentimes those guarails are there not for the 90 some percent of the people who will go about their daily lives or their commercialize and uphold ethical values. Its a there for those who might transgress. The second reason why there are guardrails sometimes is to do with interest industryy relationships here and those guardrails are competitive guardrails. They areai guardrails that compl openness and opportunities for greaterce competition, Greater Consumer choice. And she is sometimes you need regulation to enhance competition, and thats an ironing, but its quite often true. As we had thiss conversation, incompas history, we were the first in 1991 to advocate for competition in telecommunications, and that then nascent longdistance in the which became the internet backbone of our networks and under the open networks, the of networks as we get into the internet age it was an open internet because thatccess of anyone to content everywhere and commercial enterprises from small to large to have access to a Worldwide Market with equal reciprocity and equal accs,nters something incompas advocated. Now as a get to ai howan most competitive ai with the safety and responsibility that we can try to create. And why is incompas uniquely position for this discussion or debate or to make recommendations to policymakers . Our membership is fairly unique in washington. We have the leading technology comps developing degenerative ai models, microsoft, google, amazon, meta. And we have competitive infrastructure to wireless, to local fiber. The national tower, to 5g comp to satellite to fix wireless, to local fiber. The ecosystem, with everything in the ecosystem, the infrastructure and the applications and the content to kind of know the critical infrastructure, how do we protect that aspect of what will be deployed and the every user of our networks, and enabled by the networks, the advanced application a the networks. Forse those who are creating the wonderful sometimes scary to us applications, so i think we are uniquely positioned. Work with regional hubs of unive my alma a that just started, Just Announced, thentelligence center working with the department of defense, the university of arizona and all that they represent and their med school, Law School Business school, land grant, engineering, but how do we have regional hub that we can bring about only here in dc within the industry but in the heartland and Middle America to tell the benefits and do the research and cre the curriculum and the workforce training around ai so that we can truly lead internationally in the competitiveness maximize the benefits, minimize the harms and this panel kind of represents the thought leadership that we hoped, that we can bring to the debate, the house, senator schumer has had a thoughtful group, Bipartisan Group of members and industry coming in discussions, kind of reminds me of the early work of the 1990s act, how do you get everybody in the room to begin driving what you hope will eventually be a consensus of a policy framework and is im gog to close with this, any any policy recommendations, principles or any what is the next cool grade application that you may have heard about or you may want to tell the crowd is coming as itates to ai . Im going to start with you and work our way back this way. Sounds good. In terms ofny policy that are going to be really important first and foremost is education and chaining. As you sawdp the wave of computer science, curriculum, i think we will need to see a wave of ai training or training to bk curriculum as well like this is here to stay and growing and its made such extensive progress in just the last couple of years so really on the education side but on the training side with the workforce not Everybody Needs to be an expert in really working on doing especially as weve been introducing all this new automation at granite and all the new different Machine Learning operations is really using teammates on how to leverage them. They dont need to be an expert on how it works on the back end of it all but we can teach them all the cool things they can do to put them in a better position to support our customers so from a policy standpoint i think its really education and training, its something that im really looking forward seeing what the commite thats going to revolutionize the new in my experience, you know, sort of successful legislation or successful regulation has to go through 3 stages. An education stage. So understanding and appreciating what the technology brings, understanding how it believe to be the implications. The second stage is after educate is activate where you activate supporters, people who feel similarly, build coalitions and then the third stage is to legislate. I think we need to take to heart milos caution about the limits of government in quote, unquote solving problems. But i feel we are very much in the education stage of this debate still and we need to learn more. But we need to learn fast because the technology is advancing so rapidly think theres great promise with Ai Technologies but theres also potential peril and the more we learn and the more we stress test each others theories and be at the activate and legislate stage. So chip, i think one of the things i really have been of years there is no institution of higher learning. There is noy that is divorced or that cannot contribute to the enhancement of education and training in t so that makes the opportunities boundless that geographically and otherwise. There is no subject matter that cannot benefit, you know, cant be enhanced, cannot contribute to this debate so an ai folks curriculum no matter what your major is, no matter where you are i think would be helpful in creating lifelong lrning opportunities. Thats important. We have to do so and approach these things ethically and responsibly and again educational institutions and th, situated to help educate when it comes to that and help enhance that. Lets not forget, lets not forget, you know, intellectual property rights, lets not forget the prospect of things antitrust, i can go on because i have the list in red, you know, all of the things are important but lets not forget the power publicprivate partnerships and those ps are multiple, local local, state local, youw,tional, all of these things, i think, have the prospect of establishing the right type guardrails and other responsibilities, milo. And it really honestly i think makes our future more bright, thank you. Milo, im going to let you close with the most insightful comments. I dont know that i can get you that. Do i think that one of the great opportunities before us is actually reforming education and higher ed. The thing that has consistently shown to raise kids test scores and be effective in learning is onon tutoring. And i think ai has the ability to potentially take that and make that available6 to a vast number of people and students that cant afford to do it, cant afford to pay for that and i think thats going to be an incredible opporty our systems are able to handle it because that also challges a number of structures and a number of ways that we have■j educated in the past. I think theres great opportunities. The one other thing i will just say is the rate of change and the technology is rea increasing. If you think the level of change that youve seen today is high there are there are huge amounts of capital flowing into not just the hardware but also the capabilities with the technology and so and its not going to be stable for a very long time and so the question is really about how can you take advantage of that so that your your opportunity can lever that in a way that is effective for you, i do think theres a certain amount of fear because this is not ai is not coming for the job of the plummer or the lektion, its coming for bringing new competition in the white collar, in the the knowledge work and that really has not happened before and i think its going to be interesting to see how that shapes out. As we close im very excited about the establishment, the creation of the center within incompas. Im very excited that leaders like milo and mignon and colin and others have agreed to serve on the advisory board, our mission is to promote competition, innovation and technogy networks. We want to bring the benefits of those principles to all parts of th and just to close with one example in my home state of mississippi how i believe ai will will have a broad benefit in states like mine in rural parts of the country. Aws Just Announced major aws Just Announced two Major Data Centers similar between ten to 69 of investment. Its modernizing all of the electricity infrastructure of our state, multibillion dollars will go in to solar and wind, and t power needed for the data centers. The data centers will primarily the running large languagedels,i applications s and every sector. Thats in jackson, mississippi. And what weve seen where those data centers locate, it becomes like the equivalent of the old world port city, it becomes a modern port m city where commere and education and research all colocate around at, and the Distribution Networks locate around it. In and so thats in my home state here so im very proud that we can do this with can add to the. I think we are uniquely positioned and we have defined core value that serves mission well. So imm very proud to announce today the creation of the ai Public Policy and responsibility and the very proud to have my friends on the platform here to join us in that effort. Thank you all. [applause] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] tonight a look at the role of software and Defense Department systems and how to acquire and up for it for rapid innovation. Watch the House Armed Services subcommittee hearing in its entirety at 8 p. M. Eastern on cspan2, cspan now a free mobile video app, or online at cspan. Org. 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