Transcripts For CSPAN2 Inside 20240704

My namee is grant. Happy to represent georgetown native americans lost in association. A big thank you to her speakers today for coming up. Personally ive a member of the ogallala in south dakota and im originally from minneapolis minnesota to the birthplace of American Indian movement and its my honor today to welcome you all and first of all thankll you for filling out various requirements and everything. Most importantly to our three speakers today we have sheron wyantleonard and Dorothy Ninham former judge for the United Nation and features prominently in the book in less that not least kevin sharp former Federal District court judge and attorneys so without any further ado thank you for coming up and we will move on to our panelists. [applause] i want to say thank you for giving your time for your meet unique combination of stories. In 1997 i talk to leonard at the surf times. He had a cherokee friend. It went on for quite a wild. I would say almost a year before i got to meet with him. The experience for me started like h this. My husband also an attorney came home one day and said i heard a story about someone who was called blender thats how little i knew. He immediately said Leonard Peltier and you have heard of him. You know him. I dont think he graduated from law school in american you arent aware. I thought that was interesting. He said if you want to get people to listen to the story behind find the law schools anywhere in america and you will get people to listen. So we went to Georgetown University back in that day. We did come in and masterson came and he wrote horse a wonderful book. And the minister of justice came up away from canada. Bills director and his wife rose they were big supporters. The editor of prison right also important. It was a wonderful panel and their was a long time ago. A lot happened. I was told to give in to meet Leonard Peltier in leavenworth but its not likely to happen. The rules were sometimes arbitrary and there were lot of prison powwows that someone organized inn pottawattamie. They said we could come to the powwow and how many people are were not on list so interestingly enough and qualify for that list but i qualify to go into themb powwow. I remember going through the underground at this big and being v told most of the time visitors never see past the front door and because the powwow was going on in the gymnasium you could hear d the drum paul through the tunnels and never got to really see the whole structure. Very powerful very important. I remember they said donetsk anyone how long they have been here for what they are here for you wont like the answer. The drum started in the fairly young man he looked young enough to be my son started clearing and shaking as soon as he heard the drums. I couldnt help being a mom i said are you here for long and he answered i get out in six months. And i didnt think id be able to make it predicted here for 20 years for they heard the drum and i realized im going to be okay. And that changed everything. I just thought this is very important. So it went on for quite a wild backandforth and got to know leonard pretty well. He had lived through your day and frequently he would say and how sure day the same and what went on in your day and what did you have for dinner and that kind of conversation. Jim and i my husband not only being an attorney he worked with doctors in the atlanta area at the university and when he visited the was frozen open. He was eating awkwardly. He suffered from migraines from this condition many people worked on getting him the proper surgeon to correct it. Doctors from mayo clinic would give them and the crick surgery and many people worked on this for period of years trying to accomplish it. The congressman john lewis a local amnesty representative of the seine lee jenkins. We went in and the congressman said while hes not from my district butut he had a granddaughter that was living in a Charity Family and he he heard about this medical record. He could come down with stomach cancers all kindste of testimony foriv people who tried to help. So he wrote the appropriate letter and a couple of weeks and he said i have a letter to review. Theth letter said mr. Pelletier didnt have any medical issues and the information was not correct. I remember his opened and he was kind of dumbfounded like how do you get misinformation to congressman . And congressman lewis comforted him like its okay. Im going to writete a letter ad say im going to go speak with him and myself and take some other congressmen with me. Overnight letter to us went to the clinic and the surgery was performed. It put us on a whole other plane like wow this is important and its not easy and its going to take some time into and to building and a lot of people again were on at all the time year in and year out. And its important that i started collecting stories from him that focused on his childhood mainly that it was interesting to me. The humanities that could get lost when its a big case because its about the rules and its hard to get in but i remember at one point he was working on prison arrivals at the time that i commented on solitary sounded so harsh and he had complained of that to me. And at that point he said it put us at ease he said they have been putting me down there since i was nine or so, how bad can it be . Nine years old. Wheres the solitary when you are in nine years old and i realized laterg he was talking about Border Patrol for the first time. We started going from there all the way through the fishing rights struggles and many stories and over period of years. You could tell people have come from all over the country and canada to be there. They pull up and arrested out school bus and got out with a basket and change their clothing. People cooperated and then there is the altar that was said on the line on the lawn and they said youve got to move that and he did not want to move it. They had argued prepared it made a permit. He said yes but you will hurt the grass. That always stood out to me like wow. The youngest environmentalist in the world. As he started with the buffalo alternative around the lawn and had people up under this 200pound they complied it was quite a sight and matheson later talked about how he decided to write his book with some of the things that he heard there. It was an extraordinary story again always the Human Element that when i met Dorothy Ninham eight or nine years ago i said sitting now im interested in all of the days that happened before things began to escalate. I want to know the humanities, the families and the people that brought to this and i interviewed 15 members of the american and in 20 years and canada stands out. When it started saying we have got to do sourcing and wow he introduced us and i am reminded of the story so much it was leonards fall, he thought of it. With that id like to pass it to dorothy and say she survived. We had a symposium to fight heroin on the reservation and its always been an interest of hers. There is a a big screen at the symposium. This is a young girl who said she had survived heroin trade two months and she become a counselor and she was helping others. It looked like it was still very hard for her and she leaned over to mee and she said, shes a survivor. Why is she up on the screen and why didnt she here with us and wise why such inner circle . She survived this and the only person i want to listen to is a survivor in the room. And i thought i was going to introduce during the soon and i wanted to say wow dorothy survived the Indian Movement and went to wounded knee in 1970 but she didnt just survive. Her granddaughter reminded me just because she said she thrived. So much happened with the occupations and the tension that was brought and its clearly making a difference today. The survivor and the driver, Dorothy Ninham. I am dorothy from the milwaukee in chapter and one of the reasons we started the American Movement in milwaukee is i remember one weekend when they came to milwaukee and they were talking aboutou the movemet all my life i had been raised and i wasnt culturally raised. I was born on the reservation in the course the own night at went back to wisconsin so we werent into culture and we didnt bring any of that with us. I talked to s sharon about it ad i said theres something in our dna that does knows that we are different. Iith always wanted Something Different and i wanted to be who i was meant to be and not go to churches or anything like that. I wanted to be and everything that went with it so when i moved toar milwaukee and was 18 years old and i moved and married her up andnd we started the American Movement chapter after he was sober for six months and we started a movement for sobriety called the American Council and alcohol and drug abuse a cause they felt like in order to raise a family and in order to survive, we had to be civil. I never drank in my life and i never got into that kind of lifestyle and i surprise myself when iha was older that i didnt get into it because everybody in our community did. That was the only entertainment or whatever it was on the reservation. When dennis and those guys came i thought it was a really good thing that they looked after our culture. We need to join a movement thats going to stand up and demand that we be who we are because we had our defense starting schoolsls in milwaukee and they were doing desegregation of the time. They would come. They wanted to bust their kids back and forth remember herb saying this fight is blackandwhite and we are fight. D in thisnv her kids are going to go to school where we want them to go to school and they are going to dictate to us that they had to be a part of whatever he numbers are. So we were always involved in that kind of culture there and when we started up the whole program we met some people from south dakota. Right after we, started the movement he went to d. C. And met with nixons assistant of affairs in the met with him and somehow for some reason he took a likingli to herb and agreed to help us. So we have that land turned over and we put signs up that it was now a reservation. And my sister started a Community School and a Halfway House for people who are recovering. Wede boarded it off and many people come down on the weekends and everybody enjoyed it. It was right on the lake front. I know the neighborhood but that was our land and that was a part of our land and i considered at all of our land. And i said no matter wheres anybody walks on this mother earth east or west south or north im in the United States. We are walking on the bones of our people. We are allo indigenous ends on the matter where anybody goes and tries to say this is whatever land it belongs to thee people and we need to remember that and the other thing i want to say is people that extended to other countries like canada and mexico they are on the southern countries because we never considered it. We welcome each other and i think theres another thing about us and explained to sharon that i had a person from primary to the moved in with my family. He said you know sometimes i think our family here they are really trying hard to get the ceremonies whatever it is. They have really tried to live up to it andt,yo he said what ie ive noticed i can walk down the street and he said he said i see the people walking and they keep their heads down or they look in the other direction. He said they dont look at each other and they dont greet each other. They dont acknowledge each other. He said indian people will sit across the street to shake their hand and say its good to see you where all in this together. Iap appreciated that and i realy thought as much as indian people dislike the relocation happened to us i was thinking about it and i said one thing that the government did to us was create the program because it all got got all the tribes into different areas and we bonded with each other and we found each other and we were able to gather with each other in the movement is made up of all kinds of different people about to put nations coming together. As a movement to have one thought in one mind and one spirit. We look up to each other and i think thats good. I remember so many times that they go home and the consult. Say the movement is nothing but and this fits in a took those and misfits to move this country and people had to move and start fighting to the Child Welfare act, a i remember being with indian families before there was the act and i remember fighting for social workershe because thy wanted to put the babies up to social services. My mom was a 13yearold adopted girl and she was kicked out because she wanted to recognize your heritage. She was adopted by a family in indiana and they called me and they said shes just like her mother. She just wants to be and go to powwows and stuff likeke that. Once a yeart we go to a powwow and isnt that enough . I told them i said she was a novelty when she was a baby and picking on her own. You dont want to put up with it and you dont wantnd her around. If you read her own daughter would you throw her on the streets . But as a 13yearold girl, the baby was in the basket and she took the baby home and got her all cleaned up because they were coming the next day and they said they were coming to get her. They said they are taking this baby anywhere. We have our own children t to te care of and dont get too attached to her because we are not keeping her. The next day when the social worker showed up they came to her office and i asked them what they wanted and they said we came to get her. You are taking her nowhere. She is here because of your system because that 13yearold girl how many years ago. Theree was a social worker and a social worker. He can take the babies in the babies come if thats what you want you to doubt that you arent taking this baby. Soso when i was upset i could gt really loud. He said whats going on and i set the social workers think that they are taking this baby and i told themou to get out. He said you heard her cover get out. By the capture and they said what about her mother i said we will take her to and we invited her to come. You are like one of hours and you were just a young girl. She had a different lifestyle and she was gone for two years and she goter herself together d she came back and she got her baby. I remember i was talking to an elder and i told him that i had this baby and i said the mother said i should adopt her and i s. Said you know we dont have that paper to take that baby. We dont need that piece of paper. Do whatever you have to do for her. If you have to be her mom, be a mom or g grandma. Whatever it is take that baby. That baby is innocent and we are doing the best we can for her. He said some day the mom might come back and really want that baby and they will have that bond again. I told her i wouldnt adopt her, she wanted me to work she was ready to be a mom, and be that mom. So she did. I was really happy with that. Thats what the American Movement has done for the culture in the traditional way of life. I moved back to my reservation in 1982. We had the first lodge on the reservation can remember people on the committee saying oneida felt sweat and i said maybe you dont but wee do. Wait for the first tepee up on that reservation and we had a tepee meeting almost every weekend. Was always something going on and im really thankful and really grateful to the movement and the guys that were Strong Enough to stand up and say we are taking this anymore. We are going to stand up for a treaty rights and stand up for all of our rights. Many gogo to d. C. The chairmn at the time said you guys get and we picked him up and we dry them off and weth honor them. I remember what an impact that started to have. I dont know what else she wants to talk about. Its been such a beautiful way of life and we have had a lot of leadership come from milwaukee and helped us. When it came down there and we had a community they put up at jim taught the younger guys who defend themselves and had a boxing ring in the center. My brother taught him we had someone come in and teach the language and they came in after school and i always cook for them and we started ordering t meals a day could come and be warm. The one particular incident i remember there was a big blizzard and the buses werent running anymore in milwaukee because the streets weree so b. One of our counselors took them home and dropped them off at home and he was coming back to the center. When they came back they said nobody was at home. Wees said thats where we needed to be and thats where we were and we took care of the young people. But we wanted to get to them before alcohol or anybody else did and now we are on the same path with heroin all the issues that come with that on the reservation because it was benefiting our people. Ive had two grandchildren in the past two years in the past week none of two children that died from heroin. We have like to build a community where we can have teepees and dancing and everything that we want and for young people to learn and maybe even have someone teachth the language. A lot of these people that are are coming back into the community and its only a matter of time or they are back into that way of life. I understand they have to leave their friends behind this socalled friends. They have to leave them behind a cut those ties whether its family or whoever it is best to let go of it. In talking to some of the people that work in that field and a standard takes a least two years to get there bring back to thinking that they can be happy again. They are looking for that high that they got with that first shot of heroin or whatever drug ngthey were using. They are going to find it and its two years before their brain recovers. Thats the path we are on. Thank you dorothy. Thats wonderful. The memories and some things very well to learn the reservation dorothy had some tribunals in one of them was the childrens tribunal that w dealt with survivors that gave testimony. Its a powerful moment when leonard wrote in his testimony and the minotaur the reddit the bill courts were there in dennis john thomas. The minute the testimony was read that leonard wrote lender banks jumped up and took the mic and started telling him assuming you heard the news for the first time that day and i want to say 2013. I thought wow they were in the same boarding school most of the time. It was even mentioned from some of the family that he had gone to boarding school. Im started thinking wow this relocation and termination and another interesting dynamic was Leonard Peltier it was under termination. And then he came to help and a walk in the menomonee were under termination. They were not to his aunt and the klamath were under termination. Its not an imagined threat and i can imagine Walking Around hearing that they want to terminate us and they dont want us to have our cultural identity. And how that would affect everyone by phone. I tried to explain to my friends and family a think of the emancipator, the hero and you hear leonard talk about the mankato. Its like wow you dont see that hero you see a man hanging and where was the constitution when going on . You hear eisenhower talked about relocation programs and assimilation programs and had made the statement at the end of my demonstrations in a museum. Like wow and yet like you say we turned it into a positive by relocating many nations to one place in the movement became that voice. The mechanic in seattle and i dont know if youre familiar with the ad article that in the Seattle Times that leonard panettiere the businessman the article is about a young reporter interviewing this young businessman a Business Owner who has his mechanics shop and hes doing really well. Herb powell was on the gain in line with 2500 men and had a great job at home with dorothy and a beautiful family. They are just hanging out like they put a lot of wonderful situations on the side and took on a great risk because they believed in that cultural identity. Can i Say Something . I want to mention about terminating the tribes and that was going to happen under nixon and what happens off the tribes and because of the friendship that developed in patterson i remember herb sitting in pattersons office in d. C. And he asked him if i could do anything for you right now what would you wantou me to do and he said i i want you to recruit determination. The menomonees have gone from being one of the richest colonies and where the poorest county in turned in a county of poor need to end that in turn that around and spend six months. They ended that termination and returned the reservation status the status to the menomonee reservation. Not too many people know about that but i can remember i was pregnant and we were walking the streets protesting the people that were selling off the menomonee reservation and selling lander to people and thy put an end to that and now understand the menomonee have been given a land order i think they have leases and they said they were endingd all of the leases and they were going to renew them so this was given back to menomonee territory. I was really happy to hear that and they stopped terminating other reservations too. And with the land returned in oklahoma that was great to hear about that but the fourth land returned was when they returned it and put itit in our name. Herb had to find a to take ownership of that land so could be in travel status. We went to all the tribes in wisconsin asking them to take ownership of and take the title for that land and nobody wants to do it until finally the last they wentan to where the pottawattamie and asked him to take a chance with that. The pottawattamie did and the rest is history. They are billionaires and i think theres a big article and one of the milwaukee papers about it talking about, what did they call it quits they turned it into a and occupation. And the article said something that was very important if you dont mind me mentioning it. What a difference when theres an advocate and that unique case there was a peaceful understanding and support. A lot when intuit and a lot of hard work went intont developing it. The advocate and activists working together, that went on until wounded knee and other things that begin to escalate and termination relocationat boarding schools all of a sudden it will start to happen. When you dont have the advocates it can go the other way so i thought it was a very unique story and what happened in milwaukee they are still thriving to this day. And that was the outcome there. Advice backm up a little bit because they are people who dont understand how all of that is connected. Why was the coast guard station at milwaukee and how was that related to the tribes to wounded knee and how was that related to take over the building because all of those things i understand and they know they are a lot of people here who have lived it and know it. Ive been learning this over the last several years. How are all of those related in what was important about this coast guard station exit wasnt just picked out the of the blue. There was a reason for it and how is it related to all of the other takeovers. With the coast guard station theres a treaty that herb used and its good thing the United States government doesnt hold treaties because the 1868 treaty talks about land west of the mississippi and any abandoned federal land reverts back to title ownership. So that station was abandoned and we went in and took over and we said we are using the 1868 treaty because many people were claiming it in as we did. I can ram for the phone ringing in the middle of the night and i picked it up and i said this is the American Indian unit and the guy said i hope she doesnt know anybody but the treaty that we had assured that the land would be returned to us. I see they are selling National Parks and putting them up for sale. This is upsetting to me because its supposed to go back to the tribes. We never gave them up, they were taken. They condemned the land. They would condemn it and take it for their own use. They said maybe we can make better use of it and many were devastated and i dont know what they are turning it into but its land that some of us want back. The miracle about what you all did, the miracle about that one as it didnt happen before. This was something that had been advocated every time the United States would abandon some of these locations that they had taken and it wasnt being returned as the treaty required. How to, sorry sharon. No, and glad. How did you get the idea in your head that somehow this was the place to make a stand for what was it about the coast guard . The coast guard had abandoned this new facility and its my understanding that i could be wrong about this. When did you and or herb decide this is the place and we have a chance or did you say we want to make a statement and we never thought we could pull this off. We knew we could pull it off. It was just a matter of we would come out alive or not. It was abandoned and it was a beautiful spot. It was a reallyy beautiful location right on the lake front. There were highrises right acrosspehb the street from it ad the people who lived in the neighborhoods probably werent happy that we took it over but we also are making a statement. We were talking about how the situationha at that time we hado do something to get national attention. It wasnt easy and it wasnt easy to do because you never knew if he would come out at the alive or not. We never knew and some of, lot of people didnt. A lot of the people didnt come out alive but we thought it was worth fighting for and we are trying to Say Something and get something forr young people sue her younger generations would have had to go to the fight that we went through. They would to be put into boarding schools or go through relocation or anything like that. We wanted them to remember this iserhi our homeland. No matter where you live and no matter how far im sorry again im going to jump in. Ive read about dorothy and read about her in your books i know about some of the stories in what you said there was we didnt know if we were going to come out alive. And you have children. What is it about this movement are where you were at that time that made you say its bite of what may happen to me and what that may mean for our kids what made you do this . I read somewhere and im not the one who said it but i rememberr reading a few had to find something in your life work worth dying dying for then what are you for . The other thing when you meet people and they are traditional people and they are culture or in their state of mind theres a look that they have int their eyes like you are looking at a dead end. They arent there. I would rather die fighting for all of my kids to have that look in their eyes that they know who they are and they know where they are going and they know where they came from. We are in thisge fight togethero i. She that to my kids and my grandkids all the time. The only way you will survive and the only way mother earthif will survive is to be the caretaker that we need to be. 100 , take care of our water. Everybody would fight and die for the water and we have seen a fight that has come because of it trying to go under the water and do all that stuff. That water is the veins of mother earth in the same water order that my children drank on the reservation in the same water that everybody elses children will end up drinking too and if you are polluting the water you are doing it to your own children and generations that are coming and we cant afford to do it. We just cant afford to do it. At some point that leads you to say im willing to ignore the dangers and sign on with what the American Indian movement is saying and what that movement is about. Thats what the movement is about saving our culture and saving your traditions andou saving our people. Getting them to know who they are so they dont have too use alcohol to try to forget everything that happened to them or use drugs to try to be happy. Traditional ways will do the same thing for you. We dont have a religion, we have a way of life and we live it every single day. Thats what we want to pass on and this is a way of life and its not a joke. I had to ask you a question share and. I think dorothy answered that question but what is it thats what led you to write this book and how did you get these for people to leave their lives together and tell their story . Im asked this every time and ours have the same answer. I have the same answer. Milwaukee picked milwaukee because i was looking for a place in looking for characters that could c pull together as my stories as we could cram into it and i think there is a bedtime pestory not been people its a little book but theres a big story in there so manyd other stories of people that contributed to that. It kind of camee out at the tribunals and an amazing opportunity of getting them to listen to people who havent seen them for many years to get together and talk and share and have their own stories. They were i remember so many times i would say dorothy they are planning treaties and youre sitting at the dining table and all these cars are pulling up and leonard was there and how many times can you have everybody everywhere . Its in many of the books and woundedwo knee of course. Leonard because of the milwaukee story the highprofile moment of people in washington helping. There were lists made of people to be on the lookout for and information went out and they picked it up and it was years later before a trial comes to milwaukee and he his in prison and he but its too late. The security guards were a part of the building had all started to escalate and i said im really interested in all the days thatth led up to the bad ds and the humanity there and the stories became from that. I remember asking dorothy, i dont know how you think we can reclaim it. Notu like land and how do you revert something that is a 400an year plan and a 500 year plan ad she said the same way they took it away from us and she started the ceremony. The tepee and with we will give it back to where they took it away and i thought wow. Then i would last 20 years we saww evidence of the growing founder of the lights and all these voices coming up of wounded knee. And i do remember in a trial where everyone gathered and you got the sense of voices were being heard at these trials and on the Supreme Court and the tribunals. They said if we could only find an honest judge good judge and play it out on the table in front of them i dont think it was necessary at the way she envisioned it. If this judge came along and has a story that can pull a lot together so i now getro to introduceat you to judge kevin r who has the story of his own. I had to step down and not be a judge to get involved in the case. Part of my involvement comes in after all of this. Its after leonards life as a child on the reservation, after at nine years old he was taken from his grandmother and sent to boarding school. After he escapes and returns, after he threee years there sometimes and his own solitary confinement as did dennis banks and as did wilson who was leader of the squad and the events that lead up to 1975. One of the things that hit me as im learning about that piece is that they all came out with their own trauma and i include wilson in that. He took it in a direction that was dangerous and detrimental to his own people but i think that happened because of what happened to him as a child. You cant discount that. You can condemn his activity and it can also get these from my perspective understand what happened and its full of those things and shared and talk abot this newspaper article. Leonard peltier was the guy he tried to help his people. Thats it. He was a guy trying to help out. He had moved to seattle as part of the fishing rights protest that there was no violence happening. This wast just a guy who was helping his people and part of what he does when hes there is hes a mechanic and he is learned at trade and he starts his shop and they start helping the women there who are trying to get back into trying to get out of abusive relationships and helping people in the community with jug and alcohol problems and that leads him into this movement. Coming into this movement and its a movement not an organization coming into that you become the target and you become a target of colintelpro andd they target with an fbi. These individuals become part of that. So thats how he ends up on this path thats going to lead him to pine ridge on june 261975. Again hes there to help his people. Youve got the squad and i didnt name them after they named themselves that. They are now working with the government. They are working with the fbi and the cia and Government Entities who want things that the traditional head and who want land and who want to keep s. W. A. T. Training facility thats on this reservation and leonard then runs headfirst into that trying to there had been a threeyear period, 60plus death in and around that area of people who were either became members are became supporters and they are not investigated and no one is tried for that in fact there was one woman there who had multiple stab wounds inb her back. Autopsies called the death suicide and thats how it was. Nobody cared because in one sense and im somebody who came at usthid from the outside witht living it. There was this element of vietnam and all of this happened just months after the end of vietnam and thats the area we are talking about but it reminds me that youd drop kids into an area with guns and around people who may see it less, not less than human humans certainly that lesson themselves. And then the traditionals set as theni government initially fr help. Our people are being murdered. We need your help and we are not the helpng we need and that this ise, part of the plan. They thank you are here to help us and we dont get that help. What we have learned is they dont get that help because the Law Enforcement is working with the squad and they are providing rothem with intelligence. They are working to ensure that group keeps the traditional down so they call in and say we need your help and thats what theyey are doing at that time. Thats why they are on pine ridge in june of 1975. And so the places of powder keg. There was an area that had a handful of agents that have suddenly has hundreds of agentse heavily armed. Something is going to happen and i say this, it happens to be june 26, 1975 but what happened there that day is inevitable. The day may not be but when your government treats your own citizens that way and treat the native americans who lived in that area and that way theres going to be an explosion. Somebody is going to killed. Its just a matter of time. Sandras hands. And he had come out of the army as the navy, rather. I should remember that as a navy vet, he came out of the navy in Naval Intelligence and then went to work as a teacher for the cia. And he tried to warn them, warn the warn the bia fbi that was there. Right. You guys have you guys have got to back off and get control of this, get control of your people or its going to explode did explode that day and 1975 they end up to agents pull up to pineridge and radio in because they didnt do that 1975 but trailing a red pickup truck owned by a man whose want to for stealing weird cowboy boots. Lets assume they do have jurisdiction, they are in unmarked cars, plain court close and one even wearing moccasins. They dont look like the human thing suits and ties so when idthey pull onto the reservation and full ranch, trouble starts but its this red pickup truck so the firefight last ten minutes, three people are killed, the two agents and a young things seem joe. I believe hes 21, 22 years old. I apologize for those of you who are 21 or 222 they got to prosecute someone. Leonard makes his way in the end of surrounded by 100 plus agencies and they escape. Leonard and a group of others, some kids are able to escape. Jean whos here and jean was there along with her younger brother so they are able to make their way out and they have been indicted for the murder of two agents and makes his way to canada and canadians will expedite him because theres no proof he got the two agents. Leonard is in canada and get him back. The case is and mcmanus decides nothing wrong and try to do it separately and we and see what happens. Ultimately the jury that hears the case decides they are not guilty so they got to get him back. In the story is about the hundreds of years that led up to it and decades after. That is what is most troubling, it was a series of stupid mistakes that led to that but its everything before and everything after and i came to this case knowing nothing about it. Iran headfirst for mandatory minimum and thats where congress decides they are capable of doing their jobs and they are going toto tell you ho. What i saw was separate from leonards case stepping down, senators that have nothing to do with crimes committed or the individuals and thats what its aboutte, sentencing the individl and forced into giving sentences way more harsh than the circumstances call for the individual to be sentenced so i end up sentencing three individuals, one is only 23 years old and life in prison for nonviolent drug offense and enough is enough. Im not going to continue to do this because in order to become a federal judge your investigated by the fbi, vetted by the white house and department of justice. You are investigated again by the Judiciary Committee in the senate and the fbi i mean the senate has its own agency and they will do its own check, they will do a survey and the only purpose is to ensure the wellintentioned and temperament to be a judge to make the most important decision a judge has to make which is decisions that affects someones liberty so going through this voting unanimously confirmed, this guy knows what hes doing and when it comes time to make that decision you are going to sentence them to life and thats where i go im out. I start to advocate the 23yearold sentenced to life in turn around and start helping on his application which we ultimately were successful in getting, president trump. Animal how much of that was Kim Kardashian. [laughter] hears about this case and theres to help and the meeting with president trump, its president trump, Kim Kardashian and dan jones all in the oval office talking about these issues and that becomes a story and i said one thing thats happened the white house was Kim Kardashian and one of the secret serviceng agents protecting the white house says its a friend of his and takes a picture with Kim Kardashian and bring that weapon backup. [laughter] becomes a story that that the former judges in the oval office but Kim Kardashian is there. That story could spread and exwife comes and connie says somebody said that client if he can help. So when i get that, i dont know anything about the American Indian movement, ive heard a little bit, i barely know anything about the treatment and interaction between the u. S. Government and the youre not going to learn the information in school, he got about 15 minutes of the story about the trail and only the cherokee version and thats it. You dont learn about anything else soit when i sit down United States versus leonard volunteer, i have no preconceived notion of how it turns out, what happened, why and just start reading andr read newspaper circles to get a thgeneral sense and start readig opinions of courts of appeals to findha out the issues that camen and then i read the transcripts and reading this is a federal judge whos only been off the bench for two years, maybe less so as i read this my thoughts are, how are we still talking about this . I start to see wait a minute, how did you get this out of canada . They did the by line, by getting a woman to sign multiple affidavits saying and his girlfriend, i was there and saw him do it, they were others that are inconsistent with the law ultimately that was there proof. The only problem was a member metkn leonard. It wasnt his girlfriend and he didnt know anything except for what was circulated she never even met leonard untilne one day inhe court, that was the first time she ever seen him and when asked why did you sign this affidavit it wasnt true . She said because i was threatened and intimidated by the fbi. If i didnt sign, they were going to take my child away from me. Was not an idle threat . No, not if you know anything about the history of the governments ability to take children so it was not an idle threat. You better be afraid and sign this but the whole thing always the will fall apart after let us return the Canadian Court wants to know why. The explanation is because her controllers did this. I know that not how this works and i know attorneys dont take affidavits from fbi agents. Thats not going to happen so i believe u. S. Attorney was in on this and they were the entire time but now you got back, theres no remedy and no return to canada because he lied to you now got it and thats what they want but what they dont want is mcmanus to try the case because such mcmanus allows fbi misconduct and evidence of the reign of terror and allows evidence and acquitted and were more afraid of the fbi than anyone associated with the American Indian movement. Unmarked cars for the reservations with guns and there is a reason it will start. We know there were 60 individuals killed and investigating this. So when judge mcmanus lead in and has a fair trial, he acquitted. You can have that so the case is transferred. I have looked for that order that transfers this case and i cant find it. I dont feel bad about that and Research Skills becauseus judgmt was not aware of it either so i saw an interview of him before he died when he was asked how it happened he said i dont know. The case was transferred. The other interesting thing is the fbi and u. S. Attorney mentioned about the case, another reason they should not sit on the case. Judge says the fbi is not on trial, they are not going to hear about any reason they might protect themselves so all of that evidence is. The fbiel finds a showcasing not the first time for the second time but later and they click on the stand and is an expert who says this would be the best we could do. We have a casing that comes from the weapon that leonard had and that is the case, a showcasing. They were 15 years old and intimidated to testify so when they took the stand in the trial judge benson prevented them from talking about being threatened and intimidated to Say Something that was a lie previously so to keep out any evidence by the fbi i have spoken and hes still alive and reminiscent of george floyd and put it into his neck letting him know you are going to testify the way we need to but they couldnt do that in the first trial. A trial that he had been forced into so back to the one piece of evidence that top, showcase and now the jury shows autopsy and it has nothing to do with pulled the trigger. The judge is told by the fbi about what had been made, alleged threats by the American Indian movement in a way to frighten the jury and let them know they are dangerous people so it sways the jury thinking. One of the most incredible things i saw and i start reading in the trench, im just in day to its a transcript of everything and on day two, three women show off and have nothing to do with the case we need to talk to the judge. The piece of paper they sign and have notarized ss will occur and Blue Cross Blue Shield and she told us in the cafeteria when they she may be selected to sit on this jury and shes prejudiced against us and each one comes up with that. So the court holds that your and takes the stand and she was a they misunderstood me i never said that but instead she says yes, thats true. You are excused. Instead the court says in telling the story the court that day the court says this is really important, do you think you could set the prejudice aside and be fair . She said yes and i said i brought a piece because it is hard to remember exactly what was said. Then leonard says not leonard, his lawyer says i like to put a limited number of questions to the jury the court says you may. Heres the question. I have to read it because its so bad. Do you understand will have to make a serious conscious effort to make sure the opinion which you have expressed does in any way come intoas play for the seriousness of thes consequence she says i do and he says we are satisfied. [laughter] is he meant what hewi said, hes asking we goo back to the jury room im sure its not what he meant to ask and im guessing shes not answering the question that she thought he should have asked but thats not what happened and he says we are satisfied, your honor and that it and she stays on and as im reading that, i turn and say shortly somewhere this woman has been used in the get to the back and the verdict is guilty and theres something called pulling of the jury, is this your verdict . She says yes and im thinking what could be more ineffective . Its a sixth amendment violation about as clear as it comes that he did not get a fair and impartial jury. The alone should have hit a new trial except what we learned later, i wish we could have done that, that would be great but guess what it showed it wasnt his weapon. He didnt shoot it and they knew it, this was done for the trial, they knew it so on appeal, how do i know hes not guilty . Can ask the prosecutor because they will tell you if hes not guilty. The assistant u. S. Attorney who drove the case, one appeal these are the transcripts im reading, assistant u. S. Attorney tells the court of appeals are evident was sketchy even with an appeal of come out, there is this appeal and what they are doing now is they change the theory because now they have been caught and hes not the principal shooter and they know he was not but the theory becomes aiding and abetting, thats the theory. The shoot the agents but its interesting because its based on self defense. Who did he aid and abet . He says it twice and it aiding and abetting, who did he aid and abet . Assistant u. S. Attorney says i dont know, maybe down south. You do not have to go down there to know thats impossible. But the court lets it go and ive heard the same thing, maybe the same and the prosecutors have said we dont know shot the agents. He said we do know their only three people there if thats true, any and abettinget his theory, we know it wasnt leonard then it has to be robert beutler, the only three people there and they were acquitted baseden on selfdefense so where was the crime he aided and abetted . Ti guilty they say and if it is still what the prosecution thinks of this case a later interview, the same u. S. Attorney says we did not prove leonard shot anybody and we knew he didnt prove it so what are we doing here seven years later . Whether or not its granted. Its onene thing is our couldnt get it done, i dont know how we are going to do this. Ramsey clark says its not whether he ought to be rented lemon tea, he should never have been granted in the first place. Did not prove his guilty, we didnt prove it. Maybe he aided and abetted himself and the theory was he was the visible shooters and the judge didnt let t it in but it was based on selfdefense, it was part of theut evidence. If the theory is aiding and abetting and your evidence shows only three people there and two were acquitted than how do you convict him . It cannot be done yet here we are. Im not the first, i hope im the last in this petition so what is different except a biased juror, i dont add anything else to the story. The number ofnu people running into this, i grew up with this story from the area of the country, these are not new stories so why do i think leonard would be granted clemency . Because the thing that has changed is the audience. This is the president who listens to native american voices, there is audience and constituent, the country who doesnt live there and has not grown up in a native American Culture who are now starting to understand what happened, starting to understand what happened in june of 1975 requires context. Everything that happened before and everything after it that makes this a compelling story and the average citizen is trying to understand the treaty and starting to understand injustice done by the United States government to native American Communities. As we learn about the horrors of schools, native american committees knowth this but i didnt know it i heard this sloganhe before but i thought ts was from the 1800s. I didnt realize these schools were in the 1950s, 60s, the last one is still in existence in the 1980s. Ninetysix . Thats even worse. Thank youou. The americanis public is hearing this, kc the body counts and here about buddy kim and what is the body count . For the first time average american is going to hear this story waking up to that tragedy, we are starting to understand the importance of water rights and a pipeline through native land. This seems to have nothing to do, it suddenly opens up the door and thats why this constituency that hasnt existed before important to the president is one that can move the needle here. The story of leonard is not just about 200. When i opened up the first file, i thought it was a story about a guy wrongfully convicted and it was but then the onion started peeling back and what happened was easy to understand but why it happened is this journey has been on and everybody else is starting to learn that and there is an audience to hear this and a constituency that knows the story and can say time to end the before the native American Communities and not just for the native American Communities but for ourselves and the fbi, they need this to end. They cant move beyond the way around her neck. We cant understand this feeling that takes place if we dont work on this wound that needs te be healed and thats how we move unless you can leave, you never heal those and unless we have those conversations, and will never be able to have a relationship with each other and individuals in this country needs to have unless we heal these wounds so thats why leonards case is important and we want leonard to be able to go home and they are ready for him and expecting him but we also need to get a this done to heal the nation and i cant overstate the importance of sending leonard home. New guy to a, how would you feel if i lived the story and 59 years instead ofns four . This needs to end and i feel that it will so thank you for listening to me. [laughter] [applause] recently part of an event called behind bars. Itsl. Like 120, 120,000 but it tells the story spent started in canada and they draw the people to them and i thought it was fascinating because so many different people from all over the world yet this was in their heart that drew them to this and it became their story. I loved that quote says my life was stolen from me but not wasted and that is a beautiful thing. I want to close on the and not to. What i want to say, i think this is the first time weve come across someone whos honest and willing to take the case to limit and look around quite a few years and ive seen a lot of people come and go and i think, did you ever stopor to think people inside and if you are on the outside because the things made were people make money off his name so whatever they can use and leonard doesnt get the money. And they are jumping on the bandwagon and we tried to prevent some of that from happening and there are a lot of people drawn in the end of using discouraging and he tries to hold on and take them at their word and hes taken advantage of. I talked to him a couple days ago because his back was so bad and he said my back was hurting and everything is acting up and now you know what it feels like but theres nothing he could get at that time. This is the time and i hope everybody hears this case benefits to get out and use and abuse that so i am hoping we can put our minds together and do the right thing and i hope everybody has the same mindset. We all know he gets out, he likes to talk about children being abused and whatever and i think they have to bring about and thats what hes done, try to go to the public to educate people about what the government wants for us and we need to start some of the and its time and i hope you get to come out and enjoy. [inaudible] [inaudible] do we have a microphone . Can you hear meka okay . Is it working . The ricoh. Sorryy about my ways. I thought it might be nice to hear voice forgive my brain fog, the elder up there. I have a letter i found around christmas time by dennis banks and thought it would be interesting, not long but it includes leonard and of got a certification and a copy where he certified it and mailed it to president obama back in may may 31, 2016. He says dear president barack obama, i write this letter from alabama. Start with two significant means. Confederacy and birthplace of civil rights. Yesterday our group of 40 plus people calling for the end of drug abuse october the bridge. As we walkedid across the bridg, people had walked across the bridge by state troopers and deputies with dogs. They were viciously attacked by dogs and by deputies and two weeks later doctor Martin Luther king senior across the bridge by the United States Alabama National guard. August 5, 1965 president signed the voting act into law. February19 27, 1973 action not noticed took place. The Civil Rights Organization and the right to control destiny. For, leaders, defenders were arrested. After the signing government misconduct will charges against never understood why the federal government. We werent lawyers, who werent wonders. Guys who wanted more for the next generation. We were the dog soldiers, nothing to offer but our liberty and ourselves so we open chgeneration owners will tired e fact. Case is dripping with the smell of politics. Today i humbly ask you release leonard from custody. He has been held for over 40 years and is held is failing him. Should you failel to release him then you feel all of us is in positive will die in prison. Mr. President , please do not fail us again. Forty is long enough. National field director. Thank you for reading that because it reminds me judge nichols dismissed charges because of the government misconduct, the same misconduct that happened leonards case and reminds me judge heaney who heard leonards appeal and called for clemency and anyone at the rally yesterday heard about this, james reynolds, former u. S. Attorney who helped prosecute leonard and was there for appeals came out in strong support and the circuit talking about leonards case in their opinion said theres no question witnesses were intimidated and leonards case is so full of misconduct layered with reason to grant women see even if you do not have conviction on. Dennis is letter its on all of the. He did it himself found a mailing receipt but i want to remind everyone here last week the second through the ninth, the Year Anniversary of the occupation, it was the first televised indian battle of the indian world would benefit and thats why nixon policy change so quickly because it was the first time on indians the it, the first televised battle. Fifty years ago last week. Thank you. We now all know he is actually innocent and 47 euros is more than enough. My first telephone call from is and i told him 40 years in the prison and i was so surprised with his answer and it shows his humanity and said not wasted because benefited from it and many changes were made. We want to know, what can we to add to our lives, all our lives value of helping get him home. The most important thing can do is not leave here and say what a tragedy and not think about it again. We cant watch the program and then change the channel or go to something else. You have to take action. Know youdent needs to cant care just about leonard but about these issues. Representatives need to know you care because they have ability. If you walk away, turn the channel and say thats a shame than you havent done anything and nothing has changed and nothing will change that is one thing thats important, rehashing the midterms, the largest voting bloc 18 to 29yearold demographic in that group might think what does that have to do with me . Decades before i was born and it has everything to do with you. If we cant free leonard, if nothing can change that it is destined to repeat itself and it can happen to you in and it is a government that is unchecked and that is the worst so you have to make your voice heard. Its as an important issue as Climate Change because if the government can do this without being called to task for it then what have you got . Its back to this statement and nothing will change if youre afraid to make those mistakes and nothing will change so thank you. Youu got to let them know. You can email, call, write letters and i text every day. President biden is not checking his phone but somebody is checking so every day i sent my text response back to thefr whie house this is free, today is the day to free leonard. Leonard matters, people care and they get that text and you can go to the website and say the same thing and call and let them know. Whatever you do, dont remain silent. Silence is the worst thing that could happen. And if you for sharing your stories. Some of the things i heard, i heard for the first time but also i am reminded 1975 just prior to the shoot out, a Church Committee was investigating the cia, and as i and its role in suppressing the United States, its known as the Church Committee and for whatever reason they didnt investigate u. S. Military or the fbis role in suppressing and surveilling this movement. With what we know now true freedom of information act, two months prior to the shoot out, there was an internal memorandum issued by the fbi that said something to the effect of paramilitary operation social agent Indian Company and prior to 1973 there were only two fbi agents in south dakota assigned to Police Indian country and the entire state. We know there were 300 employed and after, there were about 30 dedicated Field Missions and we saw an increase in crime, murders and they went untold and that is the primary function and it is to let we know that it was also serving this paramilitary function and you mentioned something we can attribute to hoover era of the fbi was deploying tactics, security and and the things they were doing against this movement during that time. E. And not only that the people they were investigating some of the children investigate using informants with the children of the Indian Affairs officers part of the in the Surveillance Course so i would like to ask beyond clemency which everyone in this room might agree with perhaps an fbi agent here. By now maybe they do. Hes changed his mind. But beyond that, does there need to be a full accounting beyond just leonards case for the role of fbi and surveillance of indigenous socials movements to the present . The short answer is yes. I dont know except for historical reasons if you take an investigation back to the early 1970s and it would be interesting, but youve got to do it now. What you talked about, absolutely. That needs to be investigated, Church Committee was on the verge of opening this thing wide open and the Civil Rights Commission looked into this but then the shooting occurs and it is a hot little topic and its never pick up again but absolutely. The governments role continuing to run counterintelligence and this activity anyone they consider versus its got to be investigated. Its one that people need to know this is happeningha and if they do and i think we saw some of that, they will say enough is enough for all. It is so reminiscent of what happened in the 70s and continues so its got to be investigated. How far back we go, i dont know. Theres only so much time and only soan many investigations yu can start and you want this to go on for years, absolutely. What is happening today and expandable but a right and you got an audience in this country willing to entertain the idea. We know what goes on. I was a kid in memphis, we had different issues but it is a different world out there but now i know what is happening and it needs to be looked into and it stopped we stopped. So technically we have this until 6 30 p. M. That we have a real 7 00. We have a bunch of folks who will ask questions in a couple of folks already asked if you want to continue until 7 00 oclock, more than happy to do so but just intimate back here and in the back and that one right there thats fine, i know if you t would. Thank you. I will stay here as long as anyone wants. This drives me crazy and the disappointing part is we are just scratching the surface. There are so many pieces to this that we dont even have time to talk about. I have a legal question for the judge when he is asked to from kindle, the canadian government would not extradite him to the table so now leonard has his personality and could you explain what this rule is, why leonard falling to the cracks, and is not given the death penalty, it looks like he will guide you in prison. The deen facto prior to 1987 federal prisons were eligible for parole so he was eligible for parole but if you look at this t structure are as attornes and fbi and this office, they report through the same chain of command so it gets really difficult particularly with this case to get him through the parole system the because it only would apply to about 1300 of the older prisoners, theres a full complement on the permission. There should be five so we are not going to execute him but will certainly let him die in prison if that is what is happening so in 2024 it kids to doesnt even make it there . As we learned in the investigations by the detention that there was an officer that recommended parole in zero nine and this gentleman and this report memo is pulled and hearing officers are put in place by changing the recommendation. In the process of doing that, he says leonard may not have it but someone in his job did. Okay. Well, he didnt do it but some guy did. Can you imagine that was said of any other ethnic . Are we to do it was some kind did. What are you talking about . That kind of mentality basis will survive and get fair world which everyone has known for decades as the prosecutor said will get you, i dont know what will because it is what it is. I wish i had a satisfactory answer. My name gilbert, and from mexico. Thank you to the panelists for the stories they told judge correctly believes in optimism that things can change yet we know is revealed and it is in prison in all in the form judge, we got this attitude and power in a certain political sector, how do you change that and how do you overcome that . By the question asked earlier, what can we do . Fbi and other constituents and it is a different world. It used to be a native American Community advocating for release of leonard and of folks outside of the community has educated himself, it was not strong or influential in the group but c that has changed you can look around and see, it is not perfect but look where it is today as opposed to ten or 20 years ago. This is a community that listens because it has before. Googles constituents has as much if notmo more influence thn the fbi has. I am optimistic we can do this. I think this president cares and understands is not just about what one Agency Thinks particularly where no that narrative has been put out there over the last decade isnt true and it fallshe apart when you lk at. Not even know how they argue that with a straight face anymore. They do but i dont know how they do that. They want to say the evidence says shot them when in fact prosecutors say we didnt prove it and we knew we didnt prove it but i i think all of that together has changed the landscape. I just wanted to mention the American Indians, free medical care and the cost of freedom so when it is united together, it became so much stronger and that is a new day, a new chance so i wanted to mention that. I pray pray that our right. [laughter] let me add that those prayers are important, its part of the, it changes hearts and minds, its prayer and i think it make it a different and you cant stop doing that. Its so important to this process. Hi, everybody. My name im a survivor of the 1975 firefight. Me and my brother, he was 11 years old and i was 14 but i want to let you know whenever the camp, they didnt care if we were children or women or grandparents, they just shout at everybody and im glad people now realize this has happened and no more covering up for the glad people believe our story because there is a time they thought we were making it up but you saved our lives and they should be honored for that long time because there b e a lot of people there who survived because they were not scared stand against our oppressor and genocide has continued, grandparents have been killed, jailed, murdered. They all went to prison just for being from whatever tribe they are from. We are still here and continue to fight for leonard and appreciate your support and just thankful we have judge sharp and dorothy who have come up and really helped with our fight. Thank you. [applause] my name is lisa and im the director of the american governing councild and we walkd here from minneapolis, minnesota. Leonard, with our prayer and about sister jean and what she just said and remembering joe who put his life on the line and gave the ultimate sacrifice, i just want to come back to your comments about what happened prior to that day and the temperature of that part of the country and back then and tying to what matthew said about the practices of the fbi and cia in such, prior to that, we were looking at extraction industry. Exploratory, intense so when you think about what was happening, you have to think about what nick talked about, diversion and infiltration and they were embedded in the American Movement and deliberately came to create diversion and distraction and that has happened in this is an a back then issue but you think about that day, that is a classic distraction version tactic they did and they are sending plainclothes guys in the. Its not just a single incident for the American Indian movement and it is not a historical event either although in 1980, i came to the review trials on the review commission on the fbi and i listened as a young woman to not only aim leaders that i listened to a a prp and new republic of georgia and his other ones talking about the same things within their social justice in their movement so talking about i support you in a way to look at the historical project talked about but encouraging to think about another way to look at that, that was a diversion tactic and the implants. If you were there today on the white house lawn, we have the guy with the eagle had showed up did a complete distraction disrupting our prayer gathering. Its not over when we announced we were going to talk across the country immediately we had infiltrators who came in to minneapolis. I saw helicopter patrol the its not historical, continues. We need people who have the power to stand up and say we need to know what is going on. Why . Why is that elder still in prison . [applause] another piece to that, the court said the government needs to take responsibility for their role in what happened that day. Thank you all three of you for what youve done and said tonight. Thank you. For those who are asking what we can do, most people here continue and its great but for those who do want to know, you young people, there is a lot going on but you can tell your friends, come together, i want you to see a movie and watch the video. It is very impactful and the story of the trial and the history, it is incredible. The biography of leonard so you can tell and show others. Georgetown, it is important its on cspan and when people tell but right now intervening constantly, maybe they are being quiet or trying to give it up, they are not. They are intervening the people send a letter to the editor to call the newspaper. Theres a wellknown journalist who wrote a letter to the parole board asking whats happening with his case and fbi timeouts and intervened and wrote a letter, you dont know whats going on, shes guilty. I wondered if this should be a little exposure but there doing right now. I wonder what you think about that. Sorry, go ahead elect no, it just seems necessary. No matter what we heard, there needs to be an investigation, its interesting your writing for the Huffington Post and asked the parole and the fbi responded in the question was, what is the status of the petition . The fbi responded and said heres why he is guilty and the petition should be denied. If you want to know the status, talk to the attorney. That wasas my question to begin with. Why arere you responding . The response was one misinformation and i dont say it lightly, its a story they abandoned 35 years ago. Someone forgot to tell the fbi thats not the version of the story they tell anymore so back to d. O. J. Criminal, they are on that side of the reporting and the bigger story is one that was talked about earlier, what is the federal government doing to infiltrate and run counterintelligence against this . I will tell you about domestic terrorists, youve got to do that but im talking about people who just have an opinion you disagree with and j edgar hoover, these folks need to be watched. This is the world, they need to be watched, they are an american. The black panthers infiltrated because they are at the center. But start here. [applause] we have one more comment and right before we close, we will end with a song. Nor do think our speakers again before we break. Thank you for taking the time to do this especially being on the top like. We really appreciate it and thank you for everyone who showed upnd, wonderful questions we received along the way and everyonega being so engaged, its a pleasure so thanks again. Thank you so much, everyone but a quick comment, i want to tell you those who dont know, is an amazingng podcast called political prisoner, the pod casters couldnt come for this event tonight so leonard political prisoner if you listen, a lot of the people you heard tonight and around the room will be on that podcast so please listen and there are actions w. [background noises] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] if you are enjoying American History tv, sign up for our newsletter using the qr code on the screen to receive weekly schedule of upcoming programs like lectures and history, the presidency and more. China for the American History tv newsletter today and watch American History tv every saturday or anytime online at cspan. Org history. If you ever miss any of cspan coverage, find it anytime online cspan. Org. Videos the key hearing, debates and other event featuring markers that argue nurse newsworthy highlights. 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