Iran and the important issues you worked on when they were working for president obama. You need no introduction, currently the center of leadership at the Kennedy School hand senior counselor at albright. She serves as our under secretary of state for Political Affairs from 2011. She led the u. S. Negotiating team that reached the agreement in the comprehensive plan of action so wendy has a lot of expertise in other areas of the world. David sanger ive already introduced. A National Security correspondent for the New York Times and has written extensively on everything from slavery to take her with him to iran. Its great to be back with you. You heard most of what brian had to say there. Let me start with this. Three or four years into the trump administration, where are we with iran compared to where we were on the day that you left office with a president obama did more than two years ago. Tell us where you think thats gotten us. Its causing us to a pretty bad place quite frankly. Here we are after the deal was reached. We have no deal. Iran is now enriching at higher levels with more centrifuge and. They are still supporting the region and undertakin undertakid behavior in the region. They are still putting americans and others into prison and abusing the rights of their own people. They are not a responsible player in the International Community. So, i appreciate that they indeed have, but brian said this himself, the resistance and action so i think they have had a series of tactics but it isnt clear what the strategic objective is. The administration hasnt really changed and they said the that y are creating leverage to get a better negotiation, but i think that iran is nowhere close to. The essence of the argument was essentially if you terminate the agreement and put enough pressure on the iranians and cutting off the oil, they will come back and agree to some kind of a revised form of what you negotiated a few weeks ago but it would include no enrichment whatsoever. It was 15 years out from the agreement that they would begin to be able to. We can debate the sunset clause of the deal and there is generally a followon deals we can have that debate, but i think that this notion of the fundamental issue here of pleasure in fact iran has the right which they give it of course we all would hope everybody would find the Gold Standard the uae has a president obama along with the other members in the Security Council, the european and germany supported 15 to zero by the Security Council believe that it is critical to ensure it because if they had a nuclear weapon, their ability to put over into the region would be profound and good detour our allies and partners ability on all the other issues of concern that are a concern to all of us. You said before and broke last week it stretched across a number of other areas. Let me take you into a few of the others and we will come back to iran. A good deal of your concern is to stop proliferation and the rest of the region. You heard by and talk a little bit about how to spend ten years into their agreement to basically get to the Nuclear Power. We now have doubts that the facilities are staying on that so tell us where you think the administration has given them a long leash does that cycle . We heard about him giving to saudi arabia. And so what if everybody has Nuclear Weapons. Misunderstanding the risks that are inherent. We are heading in the wrong direction around the arms control and Nuclear Technology and there are now reports that china is helping saudi arabia in a concerning step forward and many people believe saudi arabia has a lot in the course of. It will be very dangerous if in fact they have a sense of how the world and the administration is not moving forward on the arms control as both i wrote this piece in the policy because the scene with russia no overarching strategy or ability to take on russia including weapons to the tampa ban and whether they offer for killing american soldiers. If we do not move forward in the pushback with russia in any way, shape or form. With china its now quite suspect whether it will ever produce real results and only a maximum pressure strategy by sending the secretary to taiwan. We havent really taken the action on hong kong that they need to and finally coming back to the middle east, you know we waited for him to put on the table this middle east peace thats gone completely by the wayside in the tragedy of yesterday over 100 People Killed by those blasts, a thousand injured. The lebanese were already struggling and now we have a horrible situation and a lot of questions about their future and security. Certainly no future [inaudible] i dont see a strategy to tackle these issues in the trump administration. If we go back four years, august is where we began to see the documents leaked. We now see they are working on a different playbook. Whoever wins the next election, what is the goal that we have to deal with the current behavior separate apart from where we have tactics or strategy, putin clearly got a strategy but im not sure that its one can work with. We are in a tough place in general. I dont think that it hurt and i hope joe biden becomes president of the United States and one of the reasons is because the way that we can operate more effectively in the world is to build alliances and partnerships whether thats the width nato, our european allies, certainly with states in the gulf and europe has much more to be concerned about in the immediate physical way geographically about russia then we need to do. They trade with russia at a very high rate. The United States does not. So during that leverage, for the building and be fashioning the relationship with russia that is on our terms for where we want to see the future. Likewise a strategy with china cannot be effectively achieved without us working with others. Looking after the interests of course is any president s responsibility. But unless we work effectively with our allies and partners, we will not have what they need to get this done. Listening to this campaign you heard Vice President joe biden in his statement earlier this year and the argument he was willing to give up way too much for the chinese for the hope of the trade deal. Youve heard President Trump argued that he was cooperating with his good friend to referring to the coronavirus. So whoever gets elected we will be in a pretty bad place. I think it is several things. One, a brand new day working with those allies and partners. There is ntheres no doubt there tremendous challenges but some of those are about the investments that we make for innovation, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, all of the infrastructure that we need to compete and work with our partners to do so but to challenge china whether it is in the south china if they tried to steal secrets from the quotation in the community and to see where there are places we can work with china certainly on Climate Change unless we are working as an International Community we will not achieve what we need to achieve. East coast of the United States went through a Tropical Storm of tremendous force over the last 24 hours. Here in cambridge i didnt really get touched. But there were tornado warnings on cape cod and on the eastern n shore of maryland. Thats never happened before. The world is changing and we have to look at where to cooperate with people as well. But i think any administration is going to have to be able to compete, to be ready to confront when we need to anclote for those places we might be able to cooperate. Its a very nuanced and complex strategy. I dont think that they are up to such a strategy. Its been a very practical approach. I think that we will need a pretty sophisticated approach to be successful. One more question before we go to the audience, i am old enough to remember when [inaudible] so we are emerging after the singapore summit where by some estimates it is double the size of. But again if you were stepping back into your old job january 20, who knows, maybe it will be, but if you were well used it with a north korea that now has somewhere between 20 to 50 Nuclear Weapons . I would first rebuild my relationship with south korea and japan. I wouldnt be arguing over whether they are paying the american troops. The decisions made havent been the right ones that i would be rebuilding that relationship and looking at how we can move together. This is a very tough problem. It is tougher even then iran because they have Nuclear Weapons and the means to deliver them. I dont think that he is suicidal but i hope that he would never use them tha but hes established a deterrence in many ways a. Maybe theres some place we can work with china but i think they are in the position they like being on the field. Even use the crisis to find our way back there is no doubt china shares a lot of responsibilities for where we are but its also a place we have to work together. One of the things the current administrations destabilizing as only left a vacuum for china to move in and try to take control. At this point dont we have to accept them as a Nuclear Power . I dont think that they should forcefully accept them as a Nuclear Power. I think that its important to maintain the belief of the Nuclear Power. Yes pakistan and india have gained Nuclear Weapons. India at least has become de facto and theyve always been strong about nonproliferation if they have a longstanding relationship with but once you start announcing you are opening the door to and i think it is a very important distinction. Scenic maybe if you just the we are not hearing from drew. There he is, your question. Thanks for this question. Would you please address the tension between the usled construct and european wide construct around the strait of harm is in how that creates tension between the United States and our allies and anything else they would like to offer. I would guess from your question you have greater insight into the clustering then i give but what i will say is we care about congress being able to move through the diskless certainly in these days but its a great concern to us. We hope you want that europeans to help share the burden to make sure that it remains open, and i think the difference is that we have a test to the issue we have been talking about which is we do not have the relationship that we must, that we need to. We are stronger when we are working with others then when we work by ourselves. Michelle, are you able to hear . I think that she is trying to unmute because i see her name on the screen. There we go. Can you hear us . Maybe not. Why dont we go on. The are you able to hear us, do you want to ask a question . Yes, im here. What you tell us what you think they died in the administration what to do in the South China Sea . They had meetings with. If the tension is higher would that be covered and what was by then do what would biden do this . Im not here for the biden administration, so i do not speak for the bidens. But i can say is i believe that president obama, Vice President biden, secretary clinton had a very assertive approach to the South China Sea with secretary clinton and president obama that first raised these issues and spent a lot of time working with other partners in the region to put together a strategy including with the philippines to try to challenge china in what it was doing in the South China Sea. I would suspect that you would see in the administration as part of an overall strategy that challenge continue and hard work, hard diplomatic work with other partners in the region to push back, including any legal means to do so, as you pointed out, and the decision by the hague. Again i think this will be a tough problem but one that we have to go back in a concerted way working with those in the region who have much more at stake in an immediate and geographic way, but they are a specific power, not just atlantic said thi that this is e of great concern to us as bob. Okay. One last quick question. Can you hear me . Thank you for your presentation. Hopefully this is a simple one which is theres a lot of news out of the middle east not just of the explosion in beirut of saudi arabia making a deal with china if china making a deal. What do you think of the future of nonproliferation in the region and in the world more broadly from here on out . It is a concerning one. There is a piece in the new york review of books talking about the Nuclear Future reviewing workbooks that have come out recently and none of it looks very good. You point out one of the points that is really important we see a relationship between russia, china and iran has been a strategic document they can agree to between russia and iran. One with china and iran that is being undergone. There are other players. Turkey might end up being a part of this exit of the players that try to afford some of the things that are of concern by the United States and america. So i think both as well as how we are working to solve the problems that threaten our security and the security of the world including proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. We have a lot of work to do and i hope president bush gets to try to do that and i think that he will make tremendous progress. Mr. Secretary good afternoon,