And interesting. And did you pick a great week to tune in. Over the past few months we brought together experts in several fields all around the topic of returning to work. Today were thrilled to be joined by two of the most filling therapist in the world. Phil and Melinda Gaetz have dedicated their lives to advancing science in improving Public Health among other initiatives. The u. S. Chamber foundation has a deep relationship with the gaetz foundation and for more than a decade we Work Together on k12 and post secondary education reform. We value their partnership and very pleased to have built and Melinda Gaetz with us today. As youve likely seen bill brought attention to the risk of a deadly Global Pandemic. Sadly, his warning is now our reality. The good news is he and melinda have committed themselves and the organization to find you dissolution and that gives us all a sense of hope. The bill and Melinda Gaetz foundation has committed more than 300 million to the global covid19 response. We are so grateful for the leadership during this trying moment and excited to talk to them today, this episode was prerecorded to fit their busy schedule so they will not be audience questions at the end of this time but there is a lot we get to talk about so lets get to it. Thank you very much for being with us, we have so many questions we just want to jump right in. Let me ask you both what is the Gates Foundation doing to fight the coronavirus and why is it a priority for you . Are foundation has a big focus on Infectious Diseases that kills millions of people, primarily in developing countries. Our understanding about how you define a vaccine, we funded a lot of vaccines and were partnered that they develop vaccine for printing countries paid we have a lot of expertise in the private sector to pick which we should build factories for and how we corneille all the activity in its become a huge focus for us and of course the benefit of getting a vaccine even three or four months earlier will be very dramatic in terms of the economic effects in the death and disease. Melinda, when do you think there will be a vaccine at scale and a twopart question, can you also talk about the need to have an equitable distribution of a vaccine, i want to deceive this at scale and what we can do to make it equitable. I think we all believe seeing the vaccine candidates that are coming through the pipeline, there are three that are looking quite promising luckily. I think we all believe by 2021 we will have a vaccine, were working ahead of time with the manufacturers in the Pharmaceutical Company to actually have manufacturing capability ready to go so as soon as the trials are finished, the vaccine can go immediately into manufacturing in the whole reason we got involved in the vaccine was to make sure there is equitable distribution. The last thing that you want is a bidding war between countries for the vaccine, we know there are 60 million healthcare workers around the world who are keeping everybody safe, they deserve to get the vaccine first. From there you want to do keen in Different Countries to make sure the most vulnerable get it in our country that would be blacks and native americans prepeople with Underlying Health conditions and the elderly. We need to look at the globe in all the many european leaders and African Leaders and others of Southeast Asia to make sure there is approaching seen fund that can hold the vaccine when its available and get it out in white skull distribution. I have so many questions will try to stay focused. Let me go back to bill for second per your widespread attention for prediction you made in 2016 about the dangers of the Global Pandemic and you sadly to the world just predict the future, let me ask you to do it again. What are you concerned about now . This will not be the last pandemic that we face, pandemics can come from Natural Causes which is largely coming across from other species, a flu for example is still a very big risk so we will have to invest in making sure that we catch the disease sooner and we have platforms to make diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines very quickly. Very little was invested even though there was a call by a lot of people with their foundation, one group that was funded with the epi, we welcomed norway, japan with the initial funders, that is helping out here so we are better off if that had not happened but people trust government to think through these event full bad things, this was a failure to get ready and the cost wouldve been tiny compared to what we spend on being ready for work, we did not actually do the simulation to think about Nursing Homes and getting factories in the testing regime, the testing couldve been ramped up very quickly and in a few countries that have almost avoided the epidemic entirely like new zealand, australia, they took their experience and prepared so they moved a lot faster. So we will have to prepare for the next one. That i would say will get attention this time. That reminds me of going back to the vaccine, we have never had a vaccine for coronavirus and that makes people nervous and i think the audience will be so pleased to hear your optimism for this. What do you think is different this time that makes us think the development will happen. Is it the global coronation. Is the pharmaceutical Companies Working together with scientists from all over the globe in a very coordinated fashion. We have never seen the Companies Come together in this way and also to be thinking ahead about manufacturing and not just for their own country or their own region but other places in the world. Thats what makes us optimistic, the conversations that we are having, the way were seen the scientist move forward with the data as soon they get it and also seen Global Leaders come together like the European Commission did a huge event for the Vaccine Alliance that weve been a part of an seen money come together to say we need this so its ready when the vaccine is ready to go, we can purchase it for the rest of the world. Do you think the same is true on therapeutic and testing and you think the way that things are coming together will get us where we need to be on the other side of the equation as well . People are flatfooted and usually the u. S. Is very well organized. So this new drug is a Trial Network refunded with others in the uk. Usually you expect the u. S. To do the trials and to take drugs with their scientific merit in the world has had a little bit of a hard time when the u. S. Testing went in the wrong direction, when it happened in a federal motion of how you prioritize things but i would say the europeans are filling the vacuum in terms of caring for the entire world and the generosity has been quite good, people hope that the u. S. Comes back although withdrawing from w. H. O. Is a step in the opposite direction. In large part we did toss around, rotaries, the polio progress that we have made, w. H. O. And up substantial part of the u. S. Money that goes there for the polio eradication. There is still a chance the u. S. Can tribute on this and not just thinking of itself but also in the same way that we did and particularly president bush helping out the entire world. You spoke vocal about the need to Global Response and to help people outside of our borders. If you are talking in this audience of Small Business person in the middle of the country somewhere who might not understand that, explain why you think its so important that we reach behind our borders to help control the virus. I think covid anywhere is covid everywhere. So for a Small Business owner, the supplies that come in the help you run your business dont all necessarily come from the United States. Your customers are not all just u. S. Customers so if we want to have global trade in the Global Supply chain and manufacturing we have to get the whole world coordinated in its response to this disease. It is not going to be able to be contained in one or two places and if it was we have outside of u. S. Borders. To put into perspective, u. S. Has spent trillions of dollars to deal with the problem, were only talking about less than 2 that of that would need to be spent on healt helping get rid e disease in the entire world. These are very small dollars, just like the w. H. O. Is 500 million a year like reproductive health, vaccine, polio covers a lot of different areas. It is not competing budget wise with the largescale resources. Your foundation does amazing work, weve been lucky to be partners for a long time for education work, were grateful to receive that good work. It makes me wonder about how the world is changing in a broader sense of the results of this virus. Let me go to you first, what do you think we will see in terms of lasting changes of the result of this and economic crisis. I think that is yet to come and i think its up to us as citizens to rebuild the world that we want, i think this crisis has exposed some of the gaps around the world but particularly in the United States and one of those in particular are the gender and racial equities that exist in terms of gender we know women due to an half times more work than men do. That is unpaid labor. Caring for the kids, making the lunch, Online Learning right now, it will expose way past time that the u. S. Has a paid family medical policy, the only industrialization that does not and if we want to put people back to work safely and keep their family safe from getting sick, we need to have paid family medical leave. So congress and the wisdom in the stimulus bill started to address that, we need a longterm solution, the other thing i would say not only has covid exposed but it showed us opportunities. The fact that kids can jump online and start learning, unfortunately it is not all kids because many kids did not have access to a computer or good Digital Literacy online and they didnt know how to teach online but we know now it is possible. I think now we will make sure the Technology Gets spread equitably in the great lesson plans and advising that can happen, one last example in the developing world, there are many, many people who have phones into Digital Banking on their phones and have access to money, mobile money, that was at scale in a number of countries but all of a sudden people said oh my gosh to not have to stand in line for my government payment where i might get sick, just to take packaging alone, 48 hours 40 million additional people signed up for the account. Thats an opportunity that we can use and particularly used to reach lowincome families and women on not with all kinds of things like cash transfers, more information, more information about health service, some of the Digital Opportunities are hitting the way she did not expect this quickly as we thought they would. I like the answer because i think theres a lot that were afraid of right now but in terms of the economy and how to write this in social injustice shift and its nice to think about optimistic outcomes. The other day an interview david asked what i learned about working remotely and i admitted to him that i was conducting a lot of interviews and pleading the fifth, but what did you learn about yourself in this time and what has changed about the way that you are working. It is impressive for office work its partly built on the relationship that you built up over time, you can do quite well, our foundation nobody has been in the office for over three months now and yet our work is going on pretty much full speed and i think we can make the Software Platforms even better, make it easy to take notes or share things or have side conversations but it has been decent enough to allow a lot to happen and it will accelerate the idea do we need to travel as much, how good can we make online education, how good can we make telemedicine, it is like ten years of progress on those things will get compressed into just a couple of years. I would say our lives like everybody around the United States have changed substantially. Were incredibly fortunate not to be struggling to put a meal on the table. We are lucky. Our work lives, working from home is not something we did much as before, were using a lot of Microsoft Teams in zoom and other things and like you, i have changed, when i go back to work i will not be wearing heels. I will wear my tennis shoes because they wear them all the time for every single meeting including right now. The other thing i would say, i will not travel as much, i think there will be absolutely meetings that i travel for an absolutely reasons to go to africa and Southeast Asia but i think conferences can be changed and were seen many people do them online now. I do think i will travel less which will give me more time to enjoy life and take the break so they take care in seattle between my zoom meeting, step outside a little bit more. I dont know that the world can take you guys taking so much time off, we need your hard work for the problems that were facing. You have spent this time with us objection. Mr. Grassley were taking a very important vote tomorrow on a bill called the justice act. Im proud to cosponsor this Police Reform bill and i also applaud senator tim scott for his leadership in improving Police Accountability while at the same time preserving the essential service that Law Enforcement provides. These are the people that maintain the peace in the respective communities around