Transcripts For CSPAN2 Jamie Metzl Hacking Darwin 20240713

Honor and privilege to welcome you to the global event of the highly revised because of this incredible highly acclaimed bestselling book passing darwin. But until recently 100 people or a few more. Are some bad wine for now you can eat your favorite food from your refrigerator or the bedroom of choice on bed on beverage of choice and this is also being taped by cspans welcome everybody. These are unprecedented times and then and this moment in history where things could be shaped for ill or good in this we have found in our four weeks of telework is not really social distance it is geographic distance. We have galvanize the Global Community with that social interaction because we are all galvanized with our community and one of the biggest thinkers of the all and we will join the global conversation at the Atlantic Council we are concerned with covid19 for sure but looking at it the prism of friends and allies to shape the future looking between democracy and the uss role in the world and the future of the global system and looking importantly at Climate Change and that resilience factor in how we Harness Technology so in addition that jamie has a lot of titles but the Atlantic Council senior fellow has done a few other things as well. Leading technology in healthcare future Science Fiction novelist, faculty at the exponential medicine and with the human genome project last year appointed to the who Advisory Committee on human genome editing previously serving in the Security Council and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and sometimes do things three or four. To keep up with bicycle riding and other things. Also a regular commentator on cnn. This is the fifth book and since it came back in hardback last year and writes with great clarity and a sense of urgency that we should all take to heart. And with that scientific moral complexities and to see the big picture. But if you only read one book on the future of the species if you can read them read all of them. You get the point if you havent already you should. So this is my pick for you. So this is like telemarketing but here you go. Sourcebooks makes this available today 4. 95 one third of the regular price before asking him to speak you want to introduce you to the other special guests speaking for ten minutes and then he will do the same and as many of you know one of the worlds greatest scientists we promise you the backdrop as a professor for Harvard Medical School Health Sciences and technology at harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of technology and director of the National Institutes of Health Center of genomic science and biology of the licenses where he oversees the directed evolution of molecules polymers and whole genomes to create new tools and applications and bio production of chemicals. 1984 to develop the first genome sequence which resulted in the first genome sequence to help initiate the human genome project and is just a delight to have you with us and then what she has heard and asked the first question for james and george to answer the former president professor at Harvard Business school and senior associate from online. Her new book will be released in august. After that then moderate the questionandanswer session based on questions raised by you on the facebook site anyone compose a question and then those that will rise to the top of the list we encourage you to post questions throughout the session. Entrepreneur and innovator. Chair of medicine for Singularity University and exponential medicine a program that explores rapidly developing technologies in biomedical and health care so with that what an incredible lineup jamie kick us off. It is an incredible honor this is my dream team and everyone on earth to join me in any event like this just the people that are on this call now so thank you into a great cohost and with those sourcebooks to say i love my publisher but i happen to be one at this crazy moment we feel a sense of sadness and morning there are meaningful people and things that are lost. That there is a lot of pain but but that there is a new world on so many levels that is being created and that is accelerating in incredible ways a new communities are forming and its hard to differentiate because so many things are happening with new types of collaborations its not like a snow day or a big storm to wait it out and then the sun comes out, its a fundamental change of our history and history of everything. And really our world i have one leg in the world of National Security and geopolitics and the year of the 9 11 attacks but really in 1941 with a huge battle ahead and is not clear if that battle will be one that there were leaders like fdr and churchill who came together to say what we are fighting for and then we can organize around building that world. And annette political world what is exciting about this moment that we are all coming together with a little piece of fdr we are doing things that other governments may have done to provide support and hope and encouragement and that is incredible because yes we have a virus that is supercharged with globalization but the networks we are using to address the crisis are also moving at the speed of globalization communities like this. Everybody is forming and reforming communities to solve these kinds of problems and the genome assistant others around the world are coming together to say how can we Work Together to solve this problem. With the genetics revolution and then the eugenics revolution the species has this ability to read and write the code of life and its incredible when you think of it just one species and almost a godlike power that we have imagined and now suddenly we start to have these powers. So with that power comes great responsibility to make sure the most cherished ethics and values guide the application of the most powerful technology in racing forward in three primary areas and to precision than predictive healthcare and life we are i may get a massive data set that means with the sophistication of the tools with that complexity of our biology so we are developing using incredible capabilities not just individually but even before birth and thats the way when you think about healthcare now we tend to think about it in the context of healthcare of interaction we dont have a disease genome or healthcare genome but a human genome so at least the potential to be the range of possibility and outside the realm of healthcare. It will get much bigger with those challenging issues like parenting. And with those technologies change not how we make babies but shift towards embryo screening and ivf. Coming out in august talking about this but also it will change ultimately over time the nature of the babies that we make so this is a profound conversation and it feels like this is a conversation about science then we wouldnt need to have the conversation if it was. Ultimately this is about ethics because no technologies come with their own builtin value system at least to the most significant application of those technologies since the hard version came out last april but that preliminary reference the crisper babies who were born but since then there are at least those that could be more we just dont know and after that experience the World Health Organization created the to be one of the 18 members of the commission we are working extremely hard what could be a framework how we could apply these very powerful technologies in a way that could minimize harms and other members of the commission are here and im invited to speak at the vatican and those that are participating but this is about the future of our species. With religious conservatives and various backgrounds. And were all in this together. The genetics revolution is intersecting with the coronavirus crisis. And with those genome in two weeks. And with that digital readout to understand the virus do you have computer models and then we can develop testing despite the diagnostic test this quickly but now with the rapid sequencing that was innovated to watch this genome mutate as it spreads around the world which is critically important my friend that Professor Harvard Business School is also on this call is working to bring together those from around the world the genetic patterns we can use to understand to this resistance to viral infection to make smart decisions to have that kind of knowledge. Maybe we can do it in one year some say two years. I was talking to a very smart scientist the other day in l. A. And said he didnt know if he one we could ever achieve this. And then those Surveillance System all of these tools are essential and with that incredible science and this comes at a very significant chant on challenges. How do we optimize the benefits. As long as we are living in that world where we could just make the smartest decisions possible we live in a world that is defined by politics certainly we see that in the political failure of china especially in the first three weeks of this outbreak to test and have adequate information to be provided to the American People i would say the failure of the who but all of us over decades to build the who to resource and empower and the mandate to do the job and then the science exist within the context of the global power structure between United States china and others. And then that we havent really gotten since sputnik this isnt just something for professors. Everybody needs to understand the science not just to understand the world around us but to make smart decisions to protect the people that we love. In 23 years ago working on the national Security Council in my good friend is also on this call was telling everybody and then to focus on terrorism. So this is just one little thing tragically with 9 11 the memo was on president george w. Bushs desk so to be effective we have to try to see whats coming around the corner so we have to get through this crisis what are the other big existential threats its not just coronavirus or deadly pathogens but those that pose existential harm imparts because we have organized yourselves around states and the International Organizations that are funded in a controlled from what needs to be done. What the book is trying to do was pull all those pieces together in a package for everybody. But this is the greatest story of all time. And the future of the species but in this revised paperback the first stories of the crisper babies and the the first stories of the crisper babies and the but then to understand my feeling there is a package of things to get what we are facing in each of these categories. I hope this is one. And then we have spoken about this to the Senior Scientist and the seventh and eighth graders in new jersey these issues are human issues so we have to be asking elected officials and government officials what are they doing. Once you deliver it it becomes everybody else owns it but i hope that whatever the digital equivalent is of marking up a book or ripping out pages and that just for today they are practically giving it away the official price 4. 75 but the amazon price just today is like 3. 50 but nobody knows in the history of the world ever made money off of writing books. You write them to share ideas and bring them together there is a lot of fear to hunker down in moments like this but the world is changing in such a huge and fundamental way that while we are doing that and then to take a step back to see the big picture that is what will i was to identify the norstar. The little decisions along the way based on the goal of where we would like to head. Everybody who sees the big picture of the science and then because of that was my friend George Church and that such an honor to have all of my people that most people believed i cant speak for other planets certainly among the most creative and thinking scientist and because of the woolly mammoth people have said the Charles Darwin they could be coincidence but judge for yourself. We would love for you to share your thoughts with these incredible tools and then to be used to address the crisis. It is truly an amazing time. And then to embrace the threat and with the remarkable things coming out. And the flu and the things that cause seizures. And that is the commitment with better medicine in the future. With that spiking collaboration with sars and a bola but finally be got it right. And then the diagnostics couldve saved us to trillion dollars spending tens of millions of dollars to think of what we can get Going Forward to be proactively. So on the topic of darwin to think about the biology of engineering life in general doesnt have to be dna or rna but far from the ancestors and this includes like therapies and diagnostics and then neutral pics like adderall or ritalin and doesnt mean they are bad but on the contrary that allows us but it is distracting to take six decades but we are seeing right now with covid19 is something that goes much faster. So what are we doing to be described broadly on the order of eight things of therapies and vaccines that are more diagnostic and that could take 18 months to deliver or more that is very fast which most take decades but it is frustrating for those of us who are locked down so in that they are the category and now they are adapted we know what receptors there are and the molecules that inhibits others viruses that can be adapted. Many of these have already been approved for Clinical Trials or use so the reuse makes a faster path. What weve already got in the pipeline that has been ingested into volunteers thank you to the medical volunteers and workers who are really on the front lines. And then take a moment to thank them. So to be tested with those viruses there is a phenomenon and then with those receptors so theres to make a risk are the next coronavirus that comes from nowhere we are developing life systems for testing new therapies so thats in the character on category of therapies and vaccines but. We see politicians in the same room and they are wearing masks. Whenever we go to the grocery store, and we take pictures and talking of how well we are queuing up for example, that is the talent challenge in the docs of how well were making progress on this, were developing rapid home test and rapid centralized test, these are getting down on a dollar or less per test and they can happen in five minutes and some of them can happen in more samples and more accurately than variations that occur. There are two things, viruses and logical reaction, you really could go back into the workplace and ideally you would want to be 0 positive and virus negative. Virus negative see can affect a phone number of viruses 1 10 and 0 positive low fault and positive and you can look like you have antibodies to coronavirus and these are the common cold coronavirus, third of the common cold, you want to have very specific test, when you start hearing more and more in the news about the 0 positives test, keep that in mind, then all of the above, all the vaccines and therapies and diagnostics have to be tested on a cohort we can share, one of these is a project which weve been working on since 2005, this is like wikipedia, this is your project, anybody can participate in see the data, if not sideload, i think this is a moment for that kind of project. We need to have diagnostics that are not just custom and spoke for the moment where we have the struggle like we lost in the United States shuffling around, even in the United States is not clear to have a high enough sensitivity, but any case, we need something where we can look in advance at all the things that are causing us respiratory distress in the Drug Resistance and so forth. So in addition to the custom, we need a more general standpoint. That is my list of what we can do and what we are doing and projects all over the world its wonderful to see it being shared, we have one last thing which is further off by getting getting we have a way to make any organism in nicely with jamies book, it is not going to solve our problem in the next couple of weeks, but is a very interesting thing that we can do a synthetic policy. So i look forward to the conversation that is coming up very soon. Thank you. Thank you both, so much, its given us a ton to think about, let me get things going by trying to pull this together and asking one question and then ill turn over to daniel. Jamie, i agree with a lot of what do you say, clearly were going through a moment of change, clearly everyone in the world needs to understand that the work that people are doing is crucial, science matters and we need to support it and try to understand the best we can, i also agree of course that assisted reproductive technologies are part of whats driving this change, that the baby businesses no longer and we are fundamentally changing the nature of conception and of life, however, but less sanguine about whats going to come out of this moment, yet a very lovely phrase starting out that people are taking over from government, that lacking in fdr at the moment, people are providing hope, support and encouragement, that is great. There are other things that governments usually provide things Like Research funding, and Economic Stability Fund and infrastructure, concern for inequity, concern for inequality and fundamentally ruled. All of these technologies are so pathbreaking, need some set of guidelines around them, some Financial Support and some concern with whos getting access and whos not, who is surviving the coronavirus and who is dying disproportionately. Where do the rules for the brave new world come from, can we as people actually create them ourselves, thats not what happened in 1941, governments created them or do we need to rely on our political system to create the rules for the future that is about to be followed. Is a great question, 100 i believe in government, we need a functioning government and we are now suffering in here in the United States we are dying in large numbers because of the total systemic and systematic failure never government, it is really a tragedy that the countries that are doing well, korea, taiwan and singapore to name a three, all of the Top Public Health officials actually trained here because the United States used to be the Gold Standard for Public Health, we have had more than four decades of almost an autoimmune response inside of our system starting with when Ronald Reagan said government is not the solution, its a problem. If there was ever a time when we needed a functioning government here in the United States it is now. I was not at all suggesting that we do not need government. I think we are having a crisis of governance on multiple levels in different government is failing us, these are federal government in many ways and there are incredible people who are Holding Things together at agencies like the cdc and fda, it would be better if we had in fdr but we do not have it, we all need to step up to play a role in most people go on with their lives, they dont think its up to them to prepare for some hypothetical deadly outbreak, people say thats why pay taxes, somebody out to be doing it, what were seen here is if we have a Fire Department and you dont adequately fund them and you let the culture shut down and you insult them and berate them, its no big deal until theres a fire and then you have a big problem. We need governance, its in the absence of the government that we need, we need to come together to make that happen, the same is true on a global level, its coincidental that is a total mismatch between the Global Nature of the problem that we face in the way that we are organized to face them, that is why we havent been able to solve issues, not just deadly pathogens which are the ultimate agent but Climate Change, destruction of her ocean, all kinds of things and is because we live in a world of the last few hundred years, the first two world wars show that the balance of power save model was inherently unstable so brilliant people like dean and others articulated a vision of a different kind of world where we pooled our nationalism in certain ways and pooled our sovereignty sharing and identities what is happening in europe. What we saw, the countries were not willing to give the International Organizations the ability to do their job that needed to be done in the International Organization as weve seen have a shortcoming, one thing that im working on now is that i drafted on and put out in the world, now we have the Big Community in 25 countries working on it, declaration of global independence, weve seen this virus which is showing us how connected we are and what are we doing, were putting up walls between our countries, not just between our countries but we have states in the United States that are barricading each other and how can we Work Together to solve the problem and i do think this is a transitional moment because if we dont come to the realization that Government Matters and that governance matters on every level individuals alone cannot do it, having said that, ive been encouraged by what ive seen just in the last few weeks so many new and incredible communities coming. Thank you, we live in an exceptional time and exponential time and i never hurt you so many times in the context of this case and also the potential of technology, it seems every book attaching darwin and biology, im curious in how might we hacker future prevention of diagnostics in response to preventing the future. Mx and responding to those that might emerge we see examples we can sequence the new coronavirus inc. Rehours it took the automated dna training in to a vaccine and rna vaccines out of been in trials. Maybe we can imagine what is possible in the few elements with a pandemic response. Its remarkable how fast we can reunite the beat dna can we keep in mind that its in reading and writing in the testing to make sure that we dont jump ahead of safety and nothing can see, but i think we have that lined up but we cannot read and write in the order of a month and see if it takes somewhere between told month and ten years and just to go back to the government, i agree the government is not just government, the reason that the cost of all the things and come down 10 million fold is largely due to innovation which probably wouldve come about whether capitalistic or governmentfunded or not. And a lot was funded by industry. We need Good Governance of our company and our nation is particular clear and the question is asked. I would just add your great person to answer this question in addition to the progress that we are going to make in all the scientific tools that we need and actually are right, expense was everywhere, when we think about how long it took to go to the bronze age to the iron age and all the things that used to take thousands of years and we talk about the seminal, 2018, six years later the world for first, babies are born, were in a world where science is moving at work speed, i want to talk a little bit not just about the science but the superstructure around the science i talk about this on my website, why dont we have a super empowered agency, maybe its part of the un. The agency of exponential threats where we get the smartest people in the world and the top six or seven really fundamental threats that were facing and certainly deadly pathogens would be one of them and deadly pathogens we have this which i will most certainly is naturally occurring but a team in alberta just a few years ago created a synthetic smallpox and that cost 100,000 and now its probably down to a few thousand dollars. And this is democratizing, 99. 9 are the good guys like george but there are bad actors that could have access to these technologies and if they really want to be disruptive, now is a good example where you can say this is a good strategy for doing it why dont we have two identify the six or seven most of Central Control threats to the world and the humans and to develop a really smart thoughtful dynamic action plan for what we need to do and bring the world together. You can just imagine how we would have a responsive system to allow everything to break down as is happening now, just imagine rather than this virus, there has been a Nuclear Detonation in two different cities, we have this exact same call with new york and some other place, i dont want to jinx anybody. We would have the exact same call, how can we live with a Nuclear Weapon that are in the hands of bad guys, we have these contenders, they can be wiped out in more or less luscious sailors and ocean collapse in a fallout from geographic exporters also on this call working to save her ocean, imagine if we have an ecosystem collapse inside the ocean and a huge percentage in population who gets her nutrition, we would have the same call and we have to say it cant be how do we solve the problem, is how do we think about the whole group of problems that we may face and have a longterm systemic approach for addressing them. Thank you, a lot of inbound questions, its about the assertions and politicians and experts that have fundamentally change as we know and its been pretty extract, what are the specific ways in which industries in human relationships change in the aftermath of this pandemic and i will start with george, how do you think of academics and the way we collaborate and do science by change in a setting . Its already changed, you can see companies that would normally keep things proprietary are listing full details on our website of how to make competing products. Whether its academic, some cases home and corporate. That is one thing, it could change back, it is possible, i think the internet is becoming a much nicer place than it was, little less polemic and ideological, it is still there but there is a lot of 1999 going on on the internet. But in the science part, i think we will have a real boost to the kind of surveillance, i dont think we need the multinational thing that jamie we know what the big exponential threats are, what we need is creative Sustainable Business models where we can get everybody excited about having something on their phone in addition to having six cameras on their phone and having a few sequences on the phone as well. If thats affordable and i agree with deborah about equity, we need to have equitable distribution of these technologies, the longer we can bring them down 10 million or more, i think that is going to get a boost and wouldnt it be great to have a by weather map, people are fascinated with the weather, would it be great to be able to see on national and International Scale and on a local scale where things are moving, where the Drug Resistance are, where the kids go to daycare today or not, that should be impacting our lives and its going to be hopefully a better cooperative pipeline between science and citizens and Citizens Science as well, just like were interested in weather and gardening and other amateur science. This is something that really affects our lives, both our inheritance and environmental. As i think nonsense and science but data but donors in providing our wearables can pick up even getting the flu or the coronavirus or a microphone on your smart phone can pick up a corona sounding cough and others and we can build the weather map and look at the ways that google maps or disease and infection disease and otherwise. Im actually curious with deborah, the universities, how might the shape academia, how are doing online education, virtualized and otherwise Going Forward. Every university around the world with the future much faster than we thought we would. There has been a general sense for the past ten years the education would inevitably move more online but weve all been forced to in one week just in my institution, we move 1142 Classes Online in a week. And were running what works and does not work. Where learning that theres many things you can do online that may be better than what you can do in the physical space and were learning that they need this physical space, we will figure it out and i love your point about being data donors, i keep saying this to my students and colleagues, everybody should be taking notes right now, this moment will pass in a blur so we need to be really documenting what works and what does not work and how we make a better and when we emerge from this, how can we take the best part of online and get it out there for sure and it gives you the ability to get access, we put program up on friday and we have 50000 registrants and is a potential for education that is not, we need to figure out how to make it as good as possible. Is such an important one, i want to give one small example and i want to go big, when you have the madeup name in your title, you have to prove it every day, its not like my dad is a doctor who has a degree in my mother also, its i completely agree with the point that deborah made, its my one example, three weeks ago i had a piece in cnn. Com and editorial talking about seven rules for virtualizing our lives and the point was, we need to recreate the essence of the village that are grandparents and greatgrandparents and whoever left in its virtual unemotional and on activity to compensate for our physical social distancing, two days later someone why never met reached out and we talked and she was starting a company doing Something Else and knowing is the wrong thing, what we need to do is to build a matching platform that connects retirees at home with skills in many socially isolated with kids sheltering at home in need of tutors, eight days later we had a prototype and then we have sides and its gone live in going out in the world, we are people who are signing up in life is Movie Network speed. The big picture, i think this is a profound moment, i dont think our lives are going to snapback, the way that i see this, it started out as a governance crisis in the sense of the chinese system had worked because it shouldve we would not be here. If the World Health Organization was empowered to do the job that we set out for it to be in 1948, we would not be here. If the United States government and the trauma administration did its job we would not be here in the governance crisis and its become an economic crisis and where this crisis will grow because life cant fully normalize and that governments crisis is becoming a series of government crisis around the world and in hungry its extremely in the elections in november going to be attacked, if your bag i both called putin and if you got away with it last time and you think and this is the moment the u. S. Has weakened and then i think that those government crises and governance crises are going to morph into a potential geopolitical crisis, thats when i think we really need to be worried about, the United Kingdom has the same number of soldiers and ships and weapons, at the end of 1956 as it did in the beginning but in the middle of that year it was a crisis, the chainsaw had already been happening in the change header to become clear, the game is open and the game of National Governments even the whole global power structure, it is hard to make these massive predictions but ill do it anyway, i think this year, 2020 is really the end of the postwar world, historians look back 100 years from now it will be created, thats what coming together to try to imagine. Will try to take a couple more questions, how do you see the future of telemedicine involving and how for personalized medicine and genetic makeups and said you played this role in medicine and sequencing, can we imagine, we almost did not have her own digital 20 can look at our genetic makeup and a risk for immune response, it could be the babies of the future to be resistant to these viruses or others, where might that go. Again i very much agree with deborah that we dont want to create haves and have not, that requires innovation more than anything else, we need to you for going to make digital versions of ourselves, we should do it, we can do it in such a way that it is dirt cheap, in a certain sense, everybody who has any kind of access to smart phones, even if they have to borrow from somebody next to them, they can access the worlds information and it could include the personal component. But the other technology that is more distributed which are biological Technology Grows by itself and for example, smallpox or something which is equitably distributed, its one of the few technologies everybody on the earth has access to, nobody has to pay even a penny to get a new smallpox drug or the smallpox vaccine, 16, we need to use that as a lesson to where we need to go with technology in general, some will be of easier than others. I hope that is where were going with distribution. And also there will be i should be championing personalized medicine and immunotherapies and having played a role in both, i think there is a growing need for generics, so there will be things that affect diseases in the huge number of people will be less expensive because the denominator is so much larger, the fixed cost on the child is spread out over billions of people in these things include vaccines, aging reversal in almost every way with the dying prematurely, if we can get some of those things that they could impact in everybody and get down to the price of the generic drug or lower very quickly. And it would have an equivalent smart phone and the lens to begin of disease, how your tweeting and moving in your mental science and the delivering of a Digital Information in digital therapeutics, you might be able to reprogram your smart phone with a digital diagnostics that can screen for a particular virus and. Out the vaccine locally in a much more rapid manner, we are seeing through the pandemic a democratization of access to information and using it, im hoping a collective build an app for the w. H. O. That will be on billions of smart phones and can be a sensor for regular General Health and also responding early. In a few closing comments, deborah, george and jamie to take us home. And the best thing we can do at this moment and not lose the advantage of a good crisis, we have a very good crisis here, it is truly global, i remain less optimistic than jamie perhaps but willing to be convinced, i think we can get headway on these collaborative techniques and technologies that george is working on and you know youre describing, and find out how to use our personal information to advance a greater good then it will have been a crisis were surviving, we know a lot of folks getting on the bandwagon so we make sure we get the good out of the crisis and not the very real evils that are working as well. This is a onceinalifetime thing, we hope, this is exonerating, the number of pandemics is increasing and what if the next coronavirus and i hope the memories are much better and this is got her attention and lets be entertained by fax and some dollars was scientist and sometimes entertaining. The kinks in the chemical weapons and the bombs, this is a crisis of nature invading our space and were ill prepared for women could be for a very inexpensively just more creativity, we can be prepared for the next one which may not be a lifetime away, and maybe two years away, before were even done with this when the next one comes, thats what happened in 1918, the second wave of more serious than the first one because her selection for spread quickly because the people in the military are shipped back if they had a really serious disease until it starts spreading on that route. I hope that were paying attention as i said earlier, taking notes. I think in this year we have the ability for a response and we can argue the Silver Lining is a new innovation of Public Health and even if many folks personally have a lot more morbidity and economic impact, to seem to emerge out of this and better ways and i love the quote from apollo 13 when it might be a disaster for nasa and head of the johnson base center. This might actually be nasas finest hour and takes a new mindset and a collective to do that. Jamie take us home as we move into the great new world. I want to end on more hope with love and respect to deb but first i want to think george and devin daniel, it is such an honor for you guys to have you with me in this event. Thank you think you thank you. And to our cohost, here is why i feel hope, 100 years ago there were 2 billion humans on earth and we had about a 20 literacy rate, that means any problem that we had we had about 400 Million People who could contribute to solving it. Thats a lot of people, now we have 7. 7 billion humans, we have an 85 literacy rate, thats about 6. 5 billion humans who cannot have the potential and were all networked come together to solve these problems, where the horrible species and were destroying our planet, but were a magical species that can do great things that no other species can perhaps even imagine, that gives me hope. And then this may be a call, arms is probably the wrong word but this is an all hands on deck moment for all of us and this is touching everybody on earth, everybody has a role to play from big to small and whether its george helping to find a vaccine to find the cure and daniel you bringing together the greatest innovator in health integrators in the world and defined new ways to intubate, finding new ways for us to learn and build new communities, we are all everybody has a role and we have to do this together and everybody, anybody sitting home and if youre watching this youre not been watching netflix but if you are Binge Watching netflix, youre not appreciating, not just the magnitude of the moment but what is required of each of us so as you mentioned the finest hour, nasa referencing churchill, this is a terrible time that we can together make it our finest hour, thats what coming together in events like these and sharing ideas i think is so important and i think you and all the participants for being a part of this. Thank you, how do we get the new edition of your book . I thought you would never ask, is available everywhere, the ebook is until midnight tonight inkster sourcebooks its like a third off so you can get anywhere, wherever books are, if you go to your local bookstore, please be careful, where mask, do all the things george said but i would just order if i were you. Great. With that thank you all, thanks to the organizers and sponsors and will see you in the future. Thank you so much daniel. Bye. Cspan as unfiltered coverage of the federal response to the coronavirus pandemic. With white house briefings, updates from governors from congress and the daily calling Program Washington journal from the coronavirus crisis. And if you missed any of our live coverage, watch anytime on demand at cspan. Org coronavirus. Sunday night on q a, journalist susanna discusses her book the great pretender about a 1973 experiment led by a stanford psychologist testing the judas me of psychiatric hospital. Because he had a wide influence on so much of what we contend with today in the Mental Health crisis that we see today was touched in some ways by the study and a lot of Public Opinion about psychiatry and the institutions were in part shaped by the study, i think in questioning it, we have to go back and question some of our assumptions and i hope that this gives us an opportunity to go back and reassess in a way to move forward because you cannot move forward on a foundation and if the study was not up to snuff or legitimate, we really have to rethink some of the inclusions that have prevented. Sunday night at eight eastern unceasing q a. Hi, everybody, thank you for joining us, i am the cofounder and ceo and it is m