Worked together and so that close knit family situation structure and people knowing people. Neighbors doing for one another. Really taking a village to raise the children. I hope that was very important. The first black man was Jerry Calloway and he was brought here by his employer. The only africanamerican establishing himself with a white family here in amarillo. The second person that came was matthew bones hooks. And matthew bones hooks was a cowboy. He was broncbuster and cowboy. Throughout the panhandle through the various ranchers, he worked with the x it branch, one of the Founding Fathers of this area since there were no blacks here except for him and jerry, he faced some discrimination. But because he was working with prominent ranch holders, ranch owners, he fit in very well and was fed very well. And in the establishment here, it was his conversations with another founding father of this area about helping to establish a community, a black community. Separate and in part from the white community. They did that. So you get the money and the resources at that time from this family and other city founders here in amarillo to help establish the black community. It was known as the flats at first. It was called closer to downtown but that is more and more families came, matthew bones hooks also sought money for the establishment of the North Heights community. They were coming from all over south texas. Sometimes they would come to work the fields, the cotton fields. Because this was an agricultural area. They came to work in the railroad or things of that sort. There was probably around the 1920s. Because a lot of our churches in the black communities were established around that time. The black population even though there were few in numbers, they were very close knit. They pretty much had to establish their own resources. Their grocery stores, churches, schools. Because of the animosity shown towards them by the white population here. Matthew bones hooks was also instrumental in starting the dogie club. The d o g i e club. Because the boys were not allowed to join the white organizations. There was a maverick club. It was a club even at that time, so matthew bones hooks started the dogie club. And the members of that club through the years are the ones that handed down those oral histories. And at the time we put the book together, charles camp and charles, the numbers of the club had actually worked with matthew bones hooks and had a lot of great things to say how he helped them become better citizens and better young men and understanding the importance of family. The work ethic and things of that sort. Thats what matthew bones hooks was able to do with africanamerican boys. And he mentored them all throughout the years. I think some of the leaders that were impacting the community especially in a civilized area, where the leadership of the nw acp. Members of the community in our churches, various ministers, that had large congregations who also reached out to build community unity. They got the membership and others to work together. I went to the campus, we had 1 percent of the population of that school were africanamericans. A very small population. And they were the voice. There were some things that were going on that i felt were discriminatory. In many ways because i didnt find that in other areas where he had lived and have been stationed in the past. One of the things that i found is in coming to amarillo to shop. Its a minor thing that really caught me, i lived in the dorm and came to amarillo to buy makeup for instance. In one of the local stores and it was under lock and key. I asked why the black makeup was under lock and key in the white makeup was out on the counter. I was told by the management that that is the way its always been and where are you from. I said will not from this area but in sales like discrimination to me. Why is it not out like everybody elses makeup is out. They said thats the way it is always been since theyve been there and they been managing the store for quite a while. And if i had a problem i needed to talk to whoever set the makeup. And so i asked will loosen the makeup. That eczema come around, and the sales rep, could we get it changed. While a long story short, it took about six months. They never called me. I checked back with them. And i just asked for the phone number. So i called the rep. And im still student. I got in touch with the rep in chicago and asked them if you have a meeting when they got to amarillo. Will that happen with the management. And when they were told that they were being blamed for the black makeup being locked up. The rep said no, that is not our prerogative. And if youre saying is up to us, then we no longer wanted locked up up either. So that was changed. It is just things like that. But i got there after integration, but the lingering effects of racism still in the area. I think the conditions in the africanamericans in amarillo today is a little different than it was in the past. We have better resources and better opportunities than we had in the past. Were still like 6 percent of the population which is still very few but i think the strides of africanamericans in this community has grown through the years. You cant legislate prejudice. In bigotry, fix those gaps. Not only in the community that you are in with the community at large because we are all wanting the betterment of society. We are all human beings living in this country together. And make the better and make the world a better place. Twice a month cspan city stewart tours takes book tv in American History to be on the road to explore the literary life of the selected city. Working with our cable partners, we visit various literary and Historic Sites as we interview local historians, authors and civic leaders. You can watch any of our past interviews and tours online by going to booktv. Org in selecting cspan city tour from the drop down at the top of the page or by visiting cspan. Org city stewart. You can also all of the cspan city stewart on twitter. For behind the scenes and video from our visits. The handlers cspan cities. Hello, good evening everyone. Welcome again. Im the assistant director. I would like to start by asking who is here for the first time tonight. Sixth and i historic synagogue. Whether you are a first timer or repeat offender, you may want to check out some things. From a conversation with dan to a concert with the incredible