They take a critical look at the executive branch and present misconduct. All airing tonight starting at 7 30 p. M. Eastern, on cspan2 book tv. Check your Program Guide for more information. The cspan city tour is exporting the american story. As we take book tv in American History tv on the road. With support from our all peace cable partner, this weekend we traveled to amarillo, texas. Coming up in the next hour we learn about the citys Literary History including her time in the texas panhandle. And then in about ten minutes we take a ride along route 66 see some of the historic landmarks. And later in about 40 minutes, the history of africanamericans in amarillo. We begin our special feature with the citys mayor. Amarillo is in the center of the texas panhandle. We affectionately call ourselves the capital of the texas panhandle. Were approaching 200,000 people. As a biomarker for us. Its really one of the most ute things about amarillo, and as i travel around i really think our superpower here in the city of amarillo is that we think regionally. And so while we do have geographic boundaries that define how many people live inside of her city, we dont think that way. We think regionally. We think of all of the small Rural Communities that belong to us and we are there city. Right now sitting in, amarillo historic home depot, is significant because when you think about the entire city of amarillo, the materials in our city the depot. They arrived by rail right here so our city has grown. We started forming a town and now we are in urban place for the texas panhandle the 500,000 people. None of that could have happened without this location being right here by the real and so much of our industry and even our materials deliver daytoday life came right here. In the depot vacant. Were not using it today or train station. We dont have Passenger Service innercity anymore. But we are still significant hub and it is important in the coasttocoast, travel of marketing goods by rail, were still an important part of that. And the reason that amarillo was educate point in the railroad was because of the cattle industry. We try to cattle back and forth to kansas city from the panhandle region. Also our agricultural commodities. Wheat and cotton and corn, we should this all over the nation. It is such a rural area. Its so difficult to get to its very expanded the food supply for the nation and it really was a huge economic boost to our local Rural Economy to have this year. Whether it is in the 1890s bremen in 1960s, the railroad has been a very important part of the economy. In the panhandle economy. I think one of our largest problems is that we are isolated from the geographic point of view. We are the spot there comes to. It is hard for us to change sometimes. We get seven ways. We dont have a lot of driving forces that force us to change because we are isolated. Some were continuing to have a mindset that adapts to look for change and innovation. Sometimes we struggle with that. But the good side of that, taking what could be a weakness in making it into a strength is that we are pioneers. We like to solve our own problems. We dont typically look to a government or somebody else to help us do that. We just take the challenge. We put our hands to the cloud push harder. Until we figure out the solution on her own. I love that Pioneering Spirit in our community. We are very interested in the local politics am a in national politics. Everyone is interested in the election that is coming up in november of 2020. I think amarillo doesnt have a lot of areas in his voting record. It will be interesting to see whether or not we draw any candidates here to come and talk to us. Her voting record is traditionally very conservative. Were not actually one of our district here our Congressional District is known as we must conservative district in the nation. District 13. You go back and look at her voting records. We vote republican more than any other district in the country. An accident interesting on the conversation point that there are some assumptions that go along with that. And it doesnt always draw political candidates to come here and actually campaign such a Great American city. I think the voice right now and a little bit of a renaissance. Because we are experiencing a lot of positive momentum. So i think that the curiosity about our city, there will be a curiosity about amarillo as people watch us move up through this renaissance and through the arts and culture and solving problems and working together. I think its going to be a really exciting 20 years for amarillo. Author amy, shares the story of georgia in the texas panhandle. Writing about the American West and world war i. Of the women that we give credit to or the set of great artists, she is always in it. Shes not going to be left out. She is also one of the highest Women Artists of all times really. Shes really interesting to study for history and the american artist and history of Women Artists, and she lived in so many different places in the United States. She is a great perspective of have different states have influence on us. Shes really versatile about nature. But i think that west was her love of the west. We are standing in front of cindy, on board and it is called mud land scape. It was designed in 1917 when she was teaching her what was west texas state college. She did the piece based on abstraction of the canyon. She was here twice actually and here its interesting because we 1912 and 14, she was in amarillo. Teaching for the Public School system for amarillo in the 1916, 1918 she came back and got faculty position here. So she she was here in tool times. Shes from wisconsin so she was interested in the midwest from life. She grew up on a farm. So she has some exposure to middle america. In a broader basis of the west, really struck her. They can changed her. We think that this is her first exposure to some of the stuff that she sought out as part of her lifestyle. One of the several underdeveloped areas of the scholarship, what is in writing, treating her as a writer and creative as a maker of works of art. I have been some great leather books that have been published but i think that the majority of people the keys dont appreciate what a good writer she was pretty my book tries to do is talk about the war. We just think that she is a pessimist because art is not about the war it is about nature. She wasnt making, she does a piece of the flag. But when we really look at the depth of what she was writing, and she wrote daily so we can trace her feelings coming in and out of the war years. Shes amazing opinions about what it means to be a soldier or a woman who cant be a soldier. So that i think is really exciting for me to find a new way to understand history and a new way to understand peace through history. I think her position is so honest. For example she falls in love the cowboy here who was a student at west texas. Hes considering signing up and hes considering quitting school senate. She talks about how they lay under the stars and talk about this. You can imagine anybody who is struggling with someone going away for a while, or should you go or how my going to feel. Should i marry him. Or not good should he go to the war or not. So she is struggling with also something you can imagine yourself struggling with. She is so relatable. Shes not an antiwar figure, she talks about her brother is in training camp. In illinois and then in texas. She visits him. In the first time she visits him she cant figure out what hes doing this. In the same time she is utterly inspired by him and his soldier friends. Sorry think that idea of her going in and out, one time she also writes about how hard even to tie her shoes during the war. I could do things like activities pretty and she writes about i think if i was there i could be a murder. But what i do around dying people. This is real stuff that we all would assume she thought about but nobody paid attention. Its just this brief moment in history. 1917, 1918, thats exactly when she was here and when she was writing. So we have this incredible archive of it. Even indirectly about wartime with soldiers because so many of the students became soldiers. And her brother was a soldier. And theres this other man became a pilot. He wasnt a pilot and world war i but he started building around that time so he was actually building for aviation. So we can learn things about soldiers camp life. Her because she was in touch with these people. Theres so much that you can learn in these letters. Every page has a discovery. She was head of the Art Department when she came here 1916 but there was one person in the Art Department so she was the only person in the Art Department. She was on the faculty of about 24 people. So anyway, i moved here id like her for the job. He came to the department, and grown out of what she was reading in 1916. Some people get really interesting kind of walking the footsteps of her. He got to the canyon in try to find what she thought saw and did. Some of you have felt a little bit into the myth. I also wanted to get a little bit more historical accuracy. People annoy say, she did this or that. I wanted to know from her what she said. I think thats what i had so much fun discovering. Some artists dont write soon we know what they thought said. She wrote for fluffy prophetic quickly and privately. She said it. In her own words. So i was interested in going back to the source. The horses mouth if you will. That kind of digging, to hear her voice. That was something i was really interested in. This leather book and teach us so much more about this artist now profound and interesting and creative and funky and a strong woman and all of the things. But i can also teach us about so many of the things that she was an observer about. She was a constant observer about so many different things. So as an artist and historian i want people to take away the Art Historical aspect of it but also as a historian and as someone who discovered the geographically so rich and so many history, i want her be an invoice about that. During her time in amarillo, texas, the cspan city store, visited. Various historic sites. Next, vote will ride along boo 66, is big are taken on a tour on this scenic highway and through the city. Established in 1926, u. S. Route 260 was one of the original highways in the u. S. Highway system. Carrying motorists overturned froms son monica california to chicago illinois. Route 66 through the lens of change. Photographer ellen and route six historian neck capture scenes on the roads. Mr. Burchett its path. While in amarillo, run long. Following the path of the old highway. What he think this highway is still popular today even after decades after it was decommissioned. Has a lot to do with nostalgia today. People want to revisit places that maybe they experienced as a child. That is a huge part of the nostalgia. But heres another kind of nostalgia as well. It is called and the moya. It is a desire to visit to place in the past and you never experienced. So for younger americans, and for International Tours of all ages, for route 66 it was only something they made a part about. Coming to do by motorcycle or bicycle today, is getting to visit a distant path the naval only seen in books. And when route 66 came through town in 1926, our air force like that modern airport was i here. Today, you can drive on northeast and running to the fence. It is now protecting the modern airport. But the road kept going. In fact amarillo is one of the three cities along route 66 in which the road is now buried by modern airport. Amarillo, new mexico and st. Louis missouri, right up ahead here, is where the fence in the gaydar and if you get up high enough, on the letter on top of the vehicle, you can see a bit of concrete from the 1920s that was still left here. It exists just be on the outer ring road at the airport and runs up to one of the current runways. I just plain takeoff here. Literally crossed over route 66. And so still there. Hardly anybody knows about this little fragment of the mother road. That is hiding in plain sight. But right beyond the gate is where the old road was and it still is. What this book start. Ellen and i met on facebook. We did it was cliche. In several facebook groups, for route 66. She and her husband in germany, had been wanting to pursue a book project as they had been over to america a couple of times prior and had done a lot of photography on the road. And they wanted to partner with someone from america but in the root and was prepared to write about it. So we kind of had a blind date in may of 2015. They asked me via facebook is i would like to meet them for dinner in downtown amarillo. And i said of course i would love to do that. So we met and had dinner in the pic the idea and we all fell in love with each other. And from that point forward, ellen and i started working on the structure of the book where we wanted it to go, what kind of narration we wanted. And her husband who was already an accomplished doctor and decided he was going to be our manager. We kept them on task for all that. So began our joint efforts in september of 2016, on one of their subsequent trips and we traveled extensively over the next three years visiting many sites all along route 66. So i could experience what ellen was experiencing and what specifically, what she was saying through the lens of her camera. And that had the big part in the naming of our book. A matter of time, route 66 through the lens of change. It was not just a clever wordplay, it was truly what we were doing. We wanted to call for change. Thats a recurring theme in the classes that i teach as well. I think its important to know your history. How it all began and then its important to take note of where you are today because the only way the plans of the future to know your past and present. In this what we wanted to do with the book. In those photos, we were able to chronicle the decay of many things that were once running along 66. Also the emergence of new businesses along 66 as well is the evolution of older businesses. Because 56 isnt dead yet. It i dont it will ever be dead. Parts of it are the parts are very much alive. And we wanted to focus on, things have changed. Some things didnt change. One of the things did change very well. People had evolved businesses. And there still out there. They are meeting the needs of tours today they were coming into downtown amarillo and were going to stop and take a look at the hotel. This was built in 1926. In five and half months and a 13 story building, absolutely amazing somebody could do that in five and half months. They can build an overpass these days much less 13 stories hotel. There was situated on route 66. They had a soft opening on december 15th 1926. It was only a month or four days after the birth of route 66. Then they had been kayla on new years eve of 26 and then they were in business for good. Its an amazing hotel. Its been abandoned for many years. He needs a lot of money. And a lot of tlc but it could be something again today. This had 600 rooms. Those five people who lived at it. Another words it had condos before condos were thing. Folks had living quarters, apartments on the upper floors. This is where the movers and shakers stayed. The basement, and club where oilmen and cattle barons can coming out and do business like in the old days. On the second floor, a cop shop, also big ballroom on the second floor. This was the premier establishment in amarillo. Sort here on route 66 going through town. Theyre a librarian nice modern structures with reflecting businesses right across the street. In the first bank southwest building, a couple blocks down the road pretty the tallest building between amarillo excuse me, the tallest building between fort worth and denver. And it 31 stories, the redhead here is this building undergoing renovations right now. It will reopen in 2020 the marriott autographed hotel. As a big part of the experience here in amarillo is being able to see the old with the new and how it all kind of comes together. Ellen is a really good photography shes been influenced by a lot of really good photographers through the years. She can really see the depth of the positions of the old and the new here. The skyscrapers, field sign in the old streets. So we are in the far western part of the texas panhandle but partially driving a little bit of the inner state rhino but only because route 66 was in the 70s. Were going to get off at exit zero and visit one of the coolest towns along all of route 66 were going to cross the freeway here now and get onto a little strand of old route 66. The last strand in texas going west. In the first. If you going east and with that in mind, were going to stop at the First Last Motel which is right and saline and just like the name implies, it was the first and last thing you saw depending on which way you were going. Standing inside of the longhorn cafe. 1951. This is where everybody in the first or last meal in texas. It was an exceptionally busy successful cafe because it was conveniently located in the middle of nowhere. People could fill up their bellies, fill up their tanks in the cars, and if they were tired, they would just get a room at the hotel the back. Anyway, glen rio, was happening town back in the 1950s. This was definitely in the book we had a lot of fun photographing this and a lot of fun writing about it as well. Glen rio was truly a busy place along route 66. It is hard to imagine the cars would truly be stacked up at the gas pumps in the middle of nowhere like this. Its so quiet today. All we have to do is look to the freeway but according the mile north. That is where everybody is. Point is the first and third weekend of each month apple tv in American History to be on the road. Watch videos from any of the cities we visit, the city cspan. Org city tour and follow us on twitter at cspan city. The cspan city tour extorting the american story. This he span city tour is exploring the american story taking book tv and i can history to make on the road. Every third weekend of the month. Watch videos from any of the places we have been, go to cspan. Org city tour and follow us on twitter at cspan cities. Then we continue now our feature on amarillo as we hear from author brian about the rise of football and its significance on college campuses. College football is a big deal in the state of texas. And a lot of people are familiar with friday Night Lights High School Football is such a big deal here. Texas does have any kind of monopoly. It really starts out as a game at Yellen Harvard and princeton and some of the other ivy league schools. In places like the midwest and california. Historically there is an Uneasy Alliance between universities and athletics because early on and do something to start out with students and what they were really wanted to have athletics. Income in overtime it got a little carried away. There was problems with eligibility. Problems with injuries and problems with athletes, taking money under the table and not really being students. Not following what roles there were and what happened was the universities started to assert control over athletics. Over athletic apartments and things like that. This is at a point in the late team hundreds, when universities are going very quickly. The department of history and physics and chemistry and research is really getting specialized. The kind of a fear that people will potentially send their children there. They dont really understand whats going on there until dark some people who specifically said that we need to find some way to connect to the people outside of the university so they can see what is going on campus. In some of these people in administration and professors settled on hello as athletics as a way of doing that. From there all sort of ideas in the early 19 hundreds. The idea that there needs to be building a stronger man for society. In elise for some of these professors, they see football that does build stronger men or give the potential to as i see that as a way to demonstrate the kind of merely potential of the university. In the kind of make athletics like a permanent part of the university but i dont think they had really anticipated initially with a started. Early in the 1890s, start see big crowds coming out to the games from all of the country. Theres concerns about the injuries the some young man are experiencing. I think the story that illustrates that there was a game between the university of georgia and virginia and played in atlanta. There is a player for the university of georgia, he was injured very severely on the field. He is taken off of the field and they took him to grady hospital in atlanta and. That was reported all over the United States and there is a major concern that it was dangerous for americans and anthropologists so the president of New York University said the men we need to have a conference figuring out what we will do with football so 19 oh five from a number of colleges and universities around the states came together and decided they would reform football. They would not abolish it but try to change at. The ncaa is a good example of that. And to change the rules football and before 19 oh six in a way to make things more safer and interesting. And thats when they really do start enforcing amateurism after this reform is implemented. On people ca football crisis where he brought several athletic leaders simpson and yale and harvard to the white house and said you need to fix this but in reality he does get the ball rolling and brings a lot of attention to the issue but really that convention in new york city a couple months later that really does start the whole reform of College Footbal football. The history of coaching is really fascinating because if you look back at the late 18 hundreds the prototype of the modern coach is not a professional coach he and his wife were amateur coaches nonpaid nonprofessional coaches for mail more as a graduate advisor than a coach but they were Football Players they want to be coaches they want to be faculty publishing the book in 19 oh five in which he talks about the things football can do for young men not just exes and nose x and o and then to support the young men on the field but also to watch the game to know the rules and things like that. And john heisman at georgia tech they are writing books when they make the argument i am paid to discipline the entire College Community and then make a case for their starting to make from the 19 twenties. Just about any professor or team at the university where he is coaching at. Even through the 1970s College Football coaches especially they were still tenured profession one professors. So for various reasons that started to go away in the 1970s on even more money is being made in College Athletics that is when football coaches are demanding higher contracts because they have a risk to lose their job. There were some colleges small and big starting in the twenties and say we dont want to do this anymore. Henry mccracken had the convention in 19 oh five through the ncaa was really concerned american universities are rising up with global prestige and he was concerned other countries would not respect american universities that these were just for hosting athletics and the university of germany and spain is a place for study but wide if they were hosting their duels that they were famous for and inviting people to watch them clicks it is entirely unfounded there is a grading of the academic prestige they are so focused on that athletic spectacle and some of the professors and the administrators start to really question from pre world war i and the idea that athletics are good for universities. May be by what we have done to create these athletic departments now we just created a commercial monster here on campus and then you start to see a lot of faculty questioning what is going on on campus. We are add an aspect that is so many aspects of Intercollegiate Athletics like the stadium right behind me. Athletic departments at virtually any college or university with professional coaches. The ncaa established 19 oh five largely to fix problems of intercollegiate but i would say when you have your natural law national bureaucracy like the ncaa it is hard to undo or get rid of this ritual that is very much a central part of colleges and universities. Amarillo continues with the library and amarillo. John mccarty was a fascinating texas pioneer here in amarillo texas and was a newspaper editor and publisher from the materials i will show you or talk about today from the twenties and thirties and into the forties. He had several books he has written about the area one is one i wanted to show you a little bit about called maverick town for quite know it doesnt look like much but it is something it is a bound volume of an unpublished at the time manuscript from a very hardworking editor who has edited it on this parchment like paper but i want you to see that manuscript that was ready for publication it turned out to be his opus this particular one and i think we have a lot of materials in this room some of his contemporaries like bundy so many of the is materials were collected probably have not been seen in about 100 years so its really exciting to research that was considered his biggest success the next is the bride because of who it is about is about all of dixon the story of billy and all of that this is important because he was really good at communicating with people and this is a firsthand account from these original pioneers that was a resource one a resource for the book and buys firsthand information and guess who did the cover . So i know there must have been printed and coworkers this was compiled by john mccarty. But it is dedicated to a very famous amarillo author who is across the street on the hairy hotel thats a separate interesting story in itself but he had forgiven her dedicated and once again this is a good one its a book of poetry so here we have the cowboy road the range and his bold and fearless way keeping the cattle for chuck and meager pay road the cattle to market and then to stop and interpret he lost his paycheck. So wonderful cowboy poets at this point in time the farmers and the ranchers by this time the railroad has come in people are building homes and businesses small towns are becoming much bigger because of the railroads and shipping so his point was to bring that Community Together and have everyone work well together meaning ranchers and farmers might not have always been the case through his newspaper he did a really good job and was good at bringing that Community Together. This is a wonderful example of something precious in the john mccarty collection from 1938 this entire addition the publisher and editor and there are so many gems in this edition that today are important pieces of panhandle history. This one page is about the romero family and the reason i included the photograph is because this is where the john mccarty family lived in the adobe house. They moved around a few times but this is important panhandle history. This is a term you might know the loblolly pine on the east coast but damn tent downtown amarillo polk street in the early twenties before the brick road started to become paved and cars were not even here yet but it was slick and muddy and had clay and that might all the way down the main street of amarillo at the time and to this day we call them loblolly in the calvary was famous for the term loblolly. An important part of the meaning in the time. Especially for somebody from the east coast was the cowboy way of life and does not understand about the pioneer as a way of life and then thats a great way to live john wayne history concluding her look at amarillo texas on the history of africanamericans in amarillo. For me it was important to impart the rich history of the africanamerican histories how they grew through the years and struggle to the Civil Rights Era and work together. So the way those family situations are structured for one another it really does take a village to raise the children that was very important the first black man in amarillo was Jerry Calloway who was brought here by his employer and old africanamerican establishing himself with a white family in amarillo the second person that came was matthew bones hooks who was a cowboy and had broken broncos throughout the panhandle with charles good night since there were no blacks here, he faced some discrimination but because he was working with prominent ranch holders or manage owners he said that very well with the establishment of the Africanamerican Community as the offending one founding father of this area of that community and they did that. So they got the money and the resources from the family and those other city fathers in amarillo to establish the black community. Was closer to downtown but matthew bones hooks thought to seek money for the establishment of the Northern Heights community. Coming from all over south texa texas. Sometimes they come to work the fields as this is an agricultural area or the railroad or things of that sort and that wouldve been in the 19 twenties because a lot of our churches were established around that time. And they were close knit Grocery Stores schools because of the animosity because of the population here matthew bones was instrumental in his own dogie club because africanamerican cannot join the white club. And for those that have handed down histories. At the time we put the book together meet with the citizens and young men and understand the importance of families with the most with the most work ethic with africanamerican boys and all throughout the years. Was specially during the Civil Rights Era with the naacp. And and they have to reach out and then and that campus that 1 percent of that population were africanamerican very small population and there were things going on that were discriminatory to find in other areas that we were stationed in the past. But what i found coming to amarillo was a shock. Living in the dorm for instance it was under lock and key. So i asked why the black makeup was under lock and key in the white makeup was on the counter for guy was told by management that is where its always been from one ben where are you from . Is that im not from this area why is everybody elses makeup out . In that if i had a problem that i need to talk to makeup in the next time they come around if we can get it changed. Long story short it took about six months i checked back so that i could call the vet i got in touch and ask if they could have a meeting when they got to amarillo and then they were blamed for. And then to say that is not our prerogative. If you say its up to us we dont want locked up either. So that has changed. So things like that. But i got after integration. But the effects of racism. And so it was different in the past. And those that were very few and through the years with prejudice and bigotry. And on the community that you are in but the community at large because it is the betterment of society. And together they make the world a better place. From the 2020 standpoint. But 1968 and think about the question of what is around the corner what is available to u us, here is an opportunity to have a business in your community. And now that working for a white person. And you also know that someone that might have a white business owner. And that we forget what business does to a lot of people. Can he not have a lot of Consumer Choices . The rhetoric of the time to channel the black empowerment because on one hand and with the integration. And with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. And then for those that are invested in the system. And to say surely to provide an opportunity of ownership that it is completely gutted with basic services. So to understand why people from ideological backgrounds. Thank you everyone. It is such a pleasure to be her here. And i really enjoy this opportunity to talk to you about the most peculiar book i have ever written in a long shot. I will share that with you today as well as the questions and issues that it raises. This is how and why the hell is how do you go about creating Digital Currency for coin this is a significant technical challenge