To cspan. Org and click on the tab at the top of the page. Hello and welcome, everyone. My name is herman, i am the supervisor here at the Franklin Roosevelt president ial library and museum. Im at the library and museum i would like to welcome you to the 16th annual roosevelt meeting festival. Fdr planned for his library to become the premier Research Institution for studying the entire roosevelt era. Library Research Room is consistently one of the busiest of all of the president ial libraries. This years group of authors with a variety research. If you like the festival and went to the point is in programs we do, i encourage you to become a member. You can do so in the hall. Let me quickly go to the former appeared at the top of each hour session begins with a 30 minute author talk. Followed by 10 minute question and answer period. Authors will be at tables in the lobby we can purchase books and have the authors sign them. Now it is my pleasure to introduce, james lacey, whose book is subject of the session. Mr. Lacey is at the Marine Corps College of quantico, virginia. Prior to joining faculty at the college he was a widely published Senior Analyst at the institute for defense in washington d. C. He served over a dozen years on active duty as an infantry officer. He is retired from the u. S. Army reserves. He has taught courses in military history and global issues at john hopkins and georgetown universities. He will be speaking today but his newest book, the washington war fdrs innercircle and the politics of power that one world war ii transfer that won world war ii. Please join me in welcoming mr. Lacey. [applause] i brought my own timer. I can get verbose if im not watchful. I put myself on a diet, i lost 30 pounds and 28 days. [applause] it has made me mean and angry so [laughter] careful with those questions at the end. Im afraid to turn sideways, you might not be able to see me. Anyway broken that up, everyone is getting along. It can only go downhill from here. Thank you for coming in listening to me, seems like a pretty good crowd overall. We do talk with Harry Hopkins in here, the guy that wrote that book is not here, that is a big plus. Nothing worse than arguing with each other because it is vicious and academic debates are very vicious. Anyway, used to come appear and ad lib. Like im doing now. Once so i got a chuckle. Most of them fell flat, didnt really matter to me but i was getting paid but i am not getting paid so it is hurtful when they dont laugh at my jokes. Then i actually saw a video of myself adlibbing the main part and i did not do very well. So unlike the last speaker i had three nose and talks like 90 minutes or something. I decided i better read most my stuff as i go along and i will do all that stuff like make eye contact with the like im supposed to. So you dont think im talking from notes. Well see how it goes. Anyway, the United States has always been difficult to run a nation with global war is a hercules task. One is a president even as competent as roosevelt needed some help with. They all talk about a few of the people that pop up in my book. Remarkably today, many are largely forgotten. This is a sophisticated audience hopefully also present one or two about the man that he surround himself with during the war. At this point in time in history was mostly men, for better or for worse. Perkins was there as secretary of labor. She was not really involved in the war decisions. Fdr realized early on that winning the war would require a brandnew team. A team very like those that hed had for the new deal. There were a few members, the old team, those who roosevelt considered sufficiently able, determined who did make the transition to the world war ii team, there were few indeed. As a second term near the end they began ousting the old and the constant badgering of the president to move faster toward war. First and foremost, the method you all know is Harry Hopkins. For the first half of the war, for lack of a better term, pumping that you will watch game of thrones. He was a president s hand. If you watch game of thrones admittance to. If he didnt, well talk about it later. To some, he was a symbolic work his evils in the present but to fdr, he was a man who translated his desires into action. Fdr could only see loyalty in him. He started in 1939, roosevelt was certain to things, europe would erupt into work, keep the United States would end the war. He also realized that at some level, he would need a wartime hopkins was born in iowa, the fourth of five children. After graduating college, 1912, he moved to new york and took a job in the lower east and slums. We have progress for his succession social welfare, job development, reputation of someone who got the job done but never cheaply. This came during the Great Depression when roosevelt established a precursor of the new deal agency. The temporary emergency relief initiation 20 million which a long time ago was a lot of money. Speed at which hopkins spent the 20 million impressed the similarly aggressive present. When roosevelt went to the white house, hopkins followed. Placed in charge of the newly minted federal Emergency Administration hopkins did not the first 500 million he got. He would join roosevelt on trips and the potential yacht, even where we are sitting now. Roosevelt not only appreciated hopkins work, noah spent money faster better than hopkins could. But he enjoyed his company, they note he never fought fdr. Ever. Hopkins had other qualities besides being a great storyteller to fdr who he liked to have around. Just gotta talk to. It is described that hopkins had a mind like a razor, a tongue like a skinny neck, temper of a sufficient vocabulary of profundity to make a mule skinner jealous. Just about everything one needs to get big jobs done. While working on the new deal, hopkins made a permanent enemy of another close person of fdr. The ministry it is permanent the both shared a single goal to help the president. But the methods differed in personalities were certain to class. Hopkins was given to selfconfidence and righteousness. And the other to paranoia. The only thing that shared in common was irreconcilable a low opinion of each other. Hopkins can be tough, displayed a volcanic jumper and generally made friends easily and most people found him pleasant company. On the other hand, the other had a talent for bringing everyone the wrong way. He actually reveled in his reputation. Although it underplayed the words. He is famously described as having the mind of a commissar and the soul of an ax. Time magazine said of him, this is a little long, honest, phyllis, tervis, should, loyal. Howard wanted to earn his place as the to robert. Plowing the unexplored public opinion. Pro and cons whatever roosevelt decided that the United States should be pro and con four. The boy that takes the blame of anything goes wrong. The new deals janitor who cleans up this material and scoops of the floor. Usually some poor victim as his broom. He keeps his colors on his his the public executioner, the court prisoner and is a dirty job that has to be done, he gets the assignment. While living in the white house for several years he is someone that will center until while taking the role he trailed behind americans always ready to give a speech or an interview in the positions of personal character. He remained in the cabinet the entire war. He did take on some important jobs early on but the first was always, making the lives of people fdr not care for, did not care for come miserable. And if fdr did not like it, he hated you. Look at what he did not help the policy goals the Great Depression. Expand and wonder why he was given more to do. The president needed to make nice with business and a bunch of people that did not like his policies during the Great Depression. When needed, to bring more production and other elements of society along, he cannot get along with anybody. Hopkins could. He proved surprisingly amicable to business adjuster when he was appointed he loved telling one with the rich and famous. It was one of the things that kept him close to roosevelt. Because he was perfectly at home deal with the president s rich, social cast. Even more important, a buoyant lifestyle, fdr who really got involved in any personal lives greedily took in every story hopkins had especially with involved starlets. The president was over the kind of life that others learn for. It was like so many times hopkins if not for the gracious generosity of rich friends, paying his gambling debts, he wouldve had much fewer stories to tell to keep roosevelt enthralled. Anyway. There was one absolute crucial. He picked many of the persons taking kate wartime jobs, and washington. And for hopkins, it had to be the right person. To him, highly competent but personally weak. But we can meet a person that would do it hopkins wanted always. I know this is not the usual but it is the truth. Even at the time, many asked how hopkins got its close to the presidency did. Hopkins was supremely confiden , had an uncanny ability to read as well. As one reporter, many dealers have this solemn earnest hopkins never did. And instinctively went to ask, what to keep still, went to press, went to hold back, went to approach roosevelt direct and went to go about. Another claim hopkins had sensitivity to roosevelt moods. He seemed to know process in the present with a discussion. The heads of state and when he wanted to escape the consciousness of being the president of the United States during the war. But there are many jealous of his closest with the president , hopkins was bending the president to his will. Inevitably whenever the president decided something contrary to the advice of one of his other advisers, they blamed it on hopkins malevolent counsel. Reality was quite different. What made hopkins valuable to the president and the reason for his longevity is after yours top advisor was, he never got out ahead of result. When hopkins did everyone is to make the desires happen. And he was very jealous of his own power. The special relationship with the president. To anyone who fdr took into his as a mortal threat to his own position. Consequently, he went to great extremes to keep people from seeing the president. I could give you many examples but you will have to read the book. 50 copies would be nice to get all of your friends and family. I still have College Tuition to get through. But all of roosevelt so is loyalty. Once explained someday maybe sitting where i am is president and when you are youll be looking at the door over there and know when everyone walks through it wants something of you. You will learn what a lonely job this is and you will discover someone like Harry Hopkins that has nothing but his influence eventually did wade. We made two crucial errors. First, he got married. Force him to split his time between his wife and roosevelt. Roosevelt did not like people splitting their time, he deserved it all. Even more damaging, he eventually moved out of the white house. And a speechwriter once claimed a true source of his power is that he was there, he lived there, had dinner and lunch with roosevelt. There was time to argue and debate, create a common vision without the crutch of time rushing in. When he moved out, all that disappeared. Hopkins probably did not see the ending of the special relationship. For three years of being so close to the president , he was invincible, he was indispensable. Results personal secretary, probably told them differently. She said once, the president , the president was incapable of personal relationship with anybody. If not messy than his wife eleanor certainly knew better. She was explained to one of her biographies, each man that each imagines that he is indispensable to the president. All will be surprised that the president uses those who suit his purpose, he makes up his own mind and discards people when they no longer perform his purpose. The more i looked it was about the more true that became. So although hopkins remained one of his trusted advisors by the middle 1943, the special relationship was on the wane and the door open to another. Before we get to that, let me briefly mention some of the other men of the pinnacle of power in washington d. C. Some like harry morgan, secretary of the treasury, incapable of any independent thinking. Sorry. Morgan, Dutchess County neighbor of result did have one truly endearing quality of the fdr prized above all else. I need to please the president , give him anything he wanted. So when there was present to ms. Roosevelt response was to have the jar to the treasury. And dozens of talented accolades and make them happy. The treasury in the early years of the war, the years before the war and the first two years took on most of the important jobs because it is stuck in their recall the deep state now. For the president at every turn. For the most part, roosevelt for most of the world lets say, roosevelt also had wallace as his Vice President. Wallace was almost derailed himself before becoming Vice President in the Democratic Party found out he never made a decision without his personal trend by the founders. Side note, that republicans were going to release the letters. Someone at the time of the democrats they had evidence of that. So they pocketed their weapons and went on. Wallace spent most of the world looking for something important to do. He first took to take over the job of wartime production but soon found himself besides, no one come to his needs and say thank you. The ones that went to the early founder could speak long about serious people refused to attend because they agreed with the secretary of war at the time. Perkins was a stocky high driving businessman who believed no one in the world should never go hungry. Due to secretary of state acheson described as one of the most able and energetic administrators ever brought to washington. He was also not. A little politically incorrect. He had ordained and still priest in charge of his own breakaway sect. He conducted services in his attic every sunday, claimed his home was a church, got the Tax Exemption and spent years fighting with the irs. Under my low, the board took on an operational role. Issuing teams out to conduct cast the robbery being done by other agencies. In doing so, the bureau of Economic Warfare was following the first rule of all bureaucracies, grow fast, grow as fast as possible to the maximum possible extent, or die. Within two months, the bureau had a staff of 1100, all housed in a brandnew office building, spending almost all the time trying to justify 12 million in salaries. Remember this is when 1 million was a lot of money. Neither wallace and michael ever fought to work with anyone else. Anyone not part of the bureau were enemies, or at this, obstacles to their vision which included costly screams to enrich south american even as he is was finding it difficult to pay for the war. In short they were setting up a global new deal at a time when the country had other priorities which would be winning that war. Unfortunately, wallace took on too enemies who were website is leak. Late. One was harold the horrible 80s, but took the sending insulting the time he got in order from mylapore wallace. When wallace showed one of these notes the president ial fixer jimmy burns will talk more about later, he was advised to either murdered or go over and punch the keys in the nose. Like as not to do is get into a mudslinging match with the master. The other was jesse james, sorry jesse jones. [laughing] anyone here from texas . A big name in texas. Jones never liked wallace and he didnt like him when he secretary of agriculture. He also blamed wallace for the president ial not offering him the job of Vice President. Jones was the most powerful financier in washington. He was born in tennessee, made his own personal fortune in texas starting at his uncles lumber business big establishes a a lumberyard soon after that can begin extending into banking, real estate and host of other businesses. He stood six feet tall, Time Magazine called jones biblically big with a face that looked like the ten commandments. He was almost always calm, sometimes a bit profane, a good storyteller who could get physically violent when he felt himself personally insulted. Only those that no attachment to the money played poker with him. The only thing after hard days work that could entice him away from a long nights work was and my closing in . Was a poker game. Throughout the depression he ran the reconstruction finance company, a new deal entity that paid everything. The reason jones this powerful is congress login and they loved it because he never discriminated. Where hopkins spent his son in democratic districts, once saying we will spend spend spend and elect company like come electric jones funded current projects and if i did a lot of projects. There is no more sure way to make yourself popular on capital. Time magazine took to call on the senate jones admiring friends. Jones nursed along personal animosity to wallace, so when wallace went looking for funding for always courses, jones blocked him. When wallace to decode a rounded to the congress and the second jones blocked in there. He had his admiring friends doing all his dirty work. The dispute made in newspapers and roosevelt asked his fixer jimmy burns to make it go away. Arent call them both into a meeting which was quickly adjourned when jones threatened to punch the Vice President in the face if he word. And told him to go home and pray to his god to help him stop line. Jones was quite capable of punching people in the face because earlier that week the Washington Post had written an article about him, and editorial, the stated jones had fell down rather badly on the job coach another striker he fired up a cable to eugene meyer demanding a retraction. But there was no reply. Eugene myers, the famous editor for the Washington Post. But as luck would have it they ran into each other at a ballroom that very evening. Jones began by berating myers and grabbed him by the lapels, threw him against the wall. Not one to be pushed around, the 66yearold myers fired an uppercut to the jocund landing only a glancing blow. As he regained dispels the 68yearold jones make in most of his 40pound weight advantage closed to grapple. Bystanders jumped in and pulled the middle part cursing waste we dont have direct quotes of anymore. Roosevelt joked the next day, i hope they dont call me to referee the second round. Interestingly, the Washington Post still present eugene meyer award to one of its top employees of your and they will be reading my book tomorrow. Everyone keep their fingers crossed. [laughing] in the end wallace finally picked a fight with the wrong man, secretary of state cordell hull. During the war roosevelt became his own secretary of state. Leaving all with little else to do but what was left was guarded jealously. So when wallace tried to assume a a larger role in making foreign policy, hall pounds. The Magazine Article comment on the dispute. Theres washington saying that the city is littered with the bolts and mens who oppose cordell hull wins when his congressman. The old tennessee work quietly cautiously but he always gets his man. Paul proceeded to give wallace a masters class in washington that ended with walls trying to list the president s aid by lying to him. The duplicity was so revealed and wallace became an nonentity within washington. Roosevelt gave a lot, he overlooked more but what he was incapable of forgiving the direct lie or personal slight. So wallace is out. After hopkins self administration, some call it marriage, and wallace decision to commit political suicide, the way was open for jimmy burns to step into the spotlight. Most of you might know as the secretary of state to truman. At the center comes out spent eight years for managing of everything fdr wanted from capitol hill. The to a fall out of Roosevelt Court packing scheme and again n roosevelt attempted to purge the party of people he thought were disloyal to him. But roosevelt needed burns and the differences were sent patched up. At the start of his third term roosevelt reported burns with a seat on the supreme court. Burns soon became bored and roosevelt we discovered the fact that he needed burns tell it. Burns was like a suave, persuading rivals to compromise. Suppose you and i had an argument. You claim to and to make four. While i cling to and to make six. We take it to jimmy burns for decision and we walk out a great it makes five. [laughing] but burns was the exemplar of velvet love hiring in an iron fist, for estimated this offer and cnet reviews, the next step was he started to work overtime on winning you. He moved his office into the white house which he did to give his dictates the power of the presidency behind him. Hopkins was very jealous of people who got close to the president , and burns was his own man, impossible to roll over, incredibly competent and now he is spending every day sitting down just down the hall from the president of the United States. If you think about this upset hopkins who immediately visited burns office to lay down the law. Burns first day, hopkins walked in. His goal was to impress upon burns just were both men stood in the power structure, that was hopkins three levels above burns. Burns never said a word. When hopkins looked up at him he said you have any comments he said no suggestions, just one comment. He leaned forward. Hopkins linkedin. Hopkins the secretary coming by guiding close to listen to this, said burns had an unnerving smile on him and he said, looked at hopkins and he said, from this moment on, stay the blank out of my business. He did not say blank. In such ways power in washington changes hands. Burns soon became, referred himself as assistant president which rose up the test of took over the daily running of the country. He was most powerful man in the United States next to the president. Roosevelt focus entirely on the war and the postwar sentiment, burns ran United States of america. And it was not a moment too soon because this country was seizing up. Especially industry. We were seizing up just as we are beginning to win the war. Production was about sees up as a car engine. The question would be why. Over the course of two and half terms roosevelt had established an apparatus and a working style that still to this day horrifies efficiency experts. Whenever theres a big job to do, he would give it to to mcmahon or two different organizations, making making turf wars inevitable. Roosevelt always resisted delegating his ultimate authority, every dispute eventually had to go to his desk which was exactly his intention. He was making sure nothing important would be decided without his knowledge and approval. It also caused bad blood between claims and roosevelt often refused to make a decision and things started to freezing and seizing up. This became untenable during world war ii. The demands of war, what decision instantly. They dont want people doing the same job twice, roosevelt refused to change his administrative system. It eventually turned to burns to look after the country so he could use his limited time he could work by the time as whose of a sick man, focus on the war effort and what was going to come after the war. But he also gave them power. For the first time roosevelt gave his powers. He said burns speaks for me on everything. In the old days no decision was ever final, you could go to roosevelt, the matter with anyone else decides you go to brazil and get a decision. If you didnt like it you could go back the week later and try to make and we make the decision. Now there was a new sheriff in town and he decided that his decision were holy writ and no one ran to the president. Let me we say that. No one ever went to the president twice, and ill finish very quickly. But even burns was eventually pushed aside. Roosevelt in the summer of 1944 promised burns he would be the running mate that year as his Vice President. Roosevelt had offered the job to multiple people who want to keep dancing. Even as he wanted to make of the numbing speech. When the democrats came to result in tilden burns was someone who is an innate the black vote, and the catholics despise him for having let his faith laps committed it compelled labor hated him for his role in fighting inflation by keeping their pay increases to a bare minimum, they were right, roosevelt did what he always did with his own interests at stake, he threw burns overboard. Make it up to him, he still needed burns touched to get agreements through congress. He took them to the altar but roosevelt did something he rarely did. He neglected the feelings and ego of the many still needed to burns was excluded from the first meeting of the big three because his name was not on the entry list and the soviet guard refused to let me. And bears, burns went back to his room and refuse to come out for dinner. Roosevelt thought of when he defined in tears, talk to an entertaining but only if you could have showdown with roosevelt. Roosevelt attempted to steer his rage but burns had become immune to stick burns committed the cardinal sin threatening rose up telling him if use click again he would not lift a finger to get roosevelt dealers through to conserve the congress. Roosevelt, this was a kiss of death or roosevelt did not ignore the threat. Burns posted his memoir and from that point on yet lunch and dinner with the president every day. He met privately with roosevelt before dinner. But roosevelt had marked his disloyalty and the relations rapidly cooled in fdrs final days. Only roosevelt death save burns of political oblivion for as eleanor reserved no man was indispensable to the president. And i said theres time, time with you i would tell you about my favorite kind antiwar, Leon Henderson. Hes just a fantastic, incredible individual. He is more than ten sinkers that tickets ticket of the people spot. He used to work in his underwear, only put on clothes if if you go outside his office and step on other peoples toes. Most hated man in washington. I was just sort of saw the movie with jean audrey in it. The who do you think oh, Leon Henderson . Do you want to be hated like he . Of it was sitting to come a great line, 1942. Anyway, im not can tell you the end of the story. Go get the book. I guess were done and ask questions. [applause] we have time for a few questions if you want to come up to the microphone here. Did you really mean that . With a cast of characters i assume this is a movie and check the option to truth . Im hopeful but like all historians can a lot of history books get options and historians go to bed dreaming about the 100 million book that is being put out there. About 1100 options get turned in the movies. If anyone from all is watching this video, once you buy the book its all yours. Ill never complain about how it turned out. Ive been reading currently a biography on roosevelts chief of staff during the war. The title of the book was the second most powerful man in the world, the life of admiral leahy, roosevelt chief of staff. In the book it mentioned that he spent the most time with roosevelt during the war. Whats your views on that . His first book was a masterpiece and i loved it. This book just doesnt get there. Okay. Leahy is a book. I did a lot of research but theres no good record of him. We dont know what he did. He gets a lot of credit in obriens book for doing things, and when i look at the footnote theres a evidence. Its a terrible thing to be saying on film. He made that book up. Half that book is made up, in my opinion. Now, with leahy important yes. He did meet with the president almost everyday. He was not a strategist during the war. He attributed the president patient to the joint chiefs. That was his cardinal role. I i think you did a superb job t that. In terms of being a strategist and actually thinking what happened, how to win world war ii, marshall is the architecto victory, king is the architect to victory in the pacific war. Leahy was there to interpret the joint chiefs back to the president , and to interpret the president to the joint chiefs, and he needed that type in the middle because they didnt talk to him very often themselves. But leahy being the great strategist as this book lays out, theres the evidence in the archives and the man who wrote about marshall is putting his thumb up there and agreeing with me. Going to get a nasty letter from the author. I just have questions ill ask. Can you talk about hopkins and his role as acting as a go between the twin roosevelt and some of the foreign leaders that he interacted with during the war . May be specifically churchill . I have the guy who wrote the hopkins book right there but anyway ill take a shot at it. Hopkins think much of churchill until he actually met in. He was going over there, you know, like churchill thinks is great. Hopkins, only the president is a great man, and frankfort called him aside and said if youre going over there with this attitude, dont go at all. He was always working behind the scenes. Its also putting a lot of people in power. They used to call them felix will hotdogs. They they were everywhere. He sent the letter to england and you forget the name of the 90 senate two, saying hopkins is coming to take this guy seriously. No one in washington in england really new hopkins was. Go to church once a business is next the present everyday. Churchill rolled out the red carpet, and in the end hopkins is given a great talk, makes it sound like were come into the war right away. Churchill cries during his toast, and hopkins walks away saying, there are two great men the welcome was the is number one but churchill is a close second, and you saw himself as the man who would bring two prima donnas together and they can get along. I think the route is key time he did spectacularly well at that. I think if he still had as much power with the president in 1944, roosevelt, roosevelt may not have been so quick to throw churchill overboard. When you read how roosevelt treated churchill and a 4445,45, how can you do that . Felt bad for him. Its like they can kid in school a schoolyard. I dont think that wouldve happened as much. I think we wouldve stayed closer to england and the president would not attend havs solicitous as stalinist viewpoint but roosevelt, i mean hopkins also brought along very well with stalin. It was his meeting with stalin early in the invasion, the notes he sent back plus his report, that convinced brazil the russians could stay in this fight. Well send them everything we can. Over the objections of joint chiefs for like you are taking it out of arguments. We are building up our units. Youre taking our equipment to give to the russians who may not last through christmas. Stalin took hopkins into his confidence. Hopkins like stalin, and i guess thats his main role. You were dealing with threeperson three personals, church, stalin roosevelt. That is a recipe for disaster. They needed someone in the middle who could work all three of them and explain each other to them, and hopkins played that role magnificently. I doubt it was another human being who could have done that. We are at a a time but of wt you think the professor for his presentation. [applause] [inaudible conversations] now rush out and buy my book. Hurry hurry. [inaudible conversations] democrats presume the base has to go, then the choice a different orientation, republicans would never do a basis no way to go. They are tailoring to the base and do whatever they want. Democrats leave the base on the site because they soon theyve know where to go. Were up like people going to go . What because of the part with the president said in charlottesville the neonazis included very fine people . Are they going to that party . No. They have nowhere to go. They can go home. They can go and not vote. Hillary clinton found out the soft turnout in three states and they want all these photos turn to trump, maybe 9 . The bulk of her problem was people just atopic part because of russian disinformation which was pending and black voters in particular saying she is not for you. Shes the former president lady. Dont vote. Vote jill stein. Right in bernie sanders. Saying dont vote for. And for suppression. A lot that decrease to vote. Not so much a huge run for trump, he lost by 3 million votes. Democrats are fighting the last battle. They look at losing michigan, pennsylvania, wisconsin and say weve got to fix that. We need nostalgia to be nostalgia. We need an older white guy to beat an older white guy. What they dont understand is the president of the United States who became president and one easily and won the states and was able to win reelection was the black guy who inside liberal and people of color. Barack obama didnt get crossover republican foes because of backlash against the bush era but that somehow he won. He cut people off the sidelines who never voted. Only in a good year six in ten americans vote. Who are those four and ten . For white folks, for brown folks can asian americans, people who dont have any money. They are the majority in those nonvoters and if they thought they would vote for democrats. Democrats should go get some of them. To do what barack obama did. Whos the most like him, i would say right now its the women, its Kamala Harris and elizabeth warren, they are moving because women and particularly when a color of the constituency thats hungry. I think i would not be surprised if your final two were women, lauren, harris or harris warren. After words theres every saturday and sunday at 9 p. M. Eastern pacific. To view the rest of this interview visit our website booktv. Org and search for her name for the title of your book, a man who sold america, using the search box at the top of the page. [inaudible conversations] houdini everyone. Thank you for joining us at the bookstore for another one of our author events. We do events all year long except for the month of august so keep that in mind. Tonight we are so happy to have with us ryan dostie, a new haven resident, makes it even nicer. I scan the book today and then
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