I think weve have you here every year since then. We are thrilled to have you. His newest book it was released late may in addition to authoring over 30 books. A columnist and media commentator. And a researcher in the developing world. To the childhood and during the wars centennial. He is working on a novel set during the cold war and is a contributor to the Hoover Institute on the publication or military history in the impact on world affairs. It is terrific, thank you for coming. Many of you would not want to be in this airconditioning you want to be out in the 95 degrees heat. I was also a very bad musician. I was talking about darkness in the new book. In the sense the talk today might have been titled chancellor bill although it has been and is as the latest operational triumph nonetheless that victory was a very expensive one. And i will just give you a couple of fine points right now and then we will do more of the background and the battle. We are at gettysburg after all. The qualities as well. The army comes across the river outnumbers lee out numbers lee by about twoone. Its almost three to one. When they actually come into the conversation on the broad front they have the odds. He manages to fail. Again he is there. The victory against such odds in getting the drop on is so astonishing that they begin to feel that the army cannot be defeated. And when you think you cant be defeated here even more defeated. There are several chances that they have to turn it around even after the attack. They are on the strategic and operational defenses. Hes got to catch up. Hit him hard. They generally take higher casualties they move more men killed just over 1700 killed on the battlefield. You can at least number the debt. Today we are alarmed if we have a halfdozen casualties. But this fight a day after the attack. In the civil war and numbers can numbers can be tough to get nailed down. The second Bloodiest Day in american history. The casualties are brutal on both sides. Lee goes into the battle with about half the numbers. He has to fight. They are certainly painful but they can replace them. Key confederate leaders the men who became confederate generals they knew the south could it win. Not everybody makes that decision. Especially a man like wade hampton. He knows the difference between the north which in 1861 as already integrated as a country. Im sorry north of the Mason Dixon Line we are americans in the north and the northern mid atlantic. In the south it is still a Feudal Society and the first loyalty is that they have a melting pot in the south. In massachusetts in new york, the american first and then you are a mississippian first. And there are exceptions for that of course. Its very important to understand why they made the choices they did. Despite the oath that they took upon graduation from input west point. They suffered horrific casualties there so down in southeastern virginia. When it comes to raw numbers. Valor will get you a long way mathematics takes over. On the second day at gettysburg when they have the sweet sweeping flank attack and almost overruns the little top. His problem is he runs out. When they are defeated there is nothing else. There is no reinforcements left. What if he just had 5,000 of them. The battle may have come up the same way. But it wouldve been crucial several hours on the union left in confederate right. They wouldve have a series of tackle engagements which couldve gone either way. As brave as they were in the union left they just didnt have the numbers it didnt matter how hard they fought. They could not overcome the numbers. If they have another 10,000 men it may still fail. But it may have worked. So it would be my contention as a former soldier and a lifelong student of military history that launches him he believes his own koolaid. He gets to gettysburg and the union army is smaller than it was for that chancellorsville campaign. It regiments. They are depending on how you count rifles. The rough equal numbers on an open field for the most part. And the numbers would go make a difference. I is generally recognized jackson, when you look at the fact that lee is overconfident he has lost the commander really operational and he has lost key men. But what about chancellorsville. For me is the most misunderstood battle of the American Civil War even those who had more than a passing familiarity tend to think they are threatened. Everyone goes home and has lunch. Is a campaign it is a week in how, it starts off very well for the union and the union should have a one at chancellorsville you cant blame it on that. A lot of people make mistakes. What has happened to the army of the potomac as it crosses the rappahannock we are on the offensive now. Its actually a typographical error. A fine Division Commander very brave he was committed to the union cause he was a heavy drinker yes he was fond of the women elicit and elicit relationship. It was a place where no decent man would go and no decent woman could go. Joe liked the gals and he liked the sauce. More on that in a moment. When he took over morale is not broken but it is lost. He does an amazing job organizationally putting the pieces back together. Who also wrote taps by the way. In a business background. And organizer. They reorganize everything from its core flags, core badges. Same for the flags. You can tell who is who. But above all he sees the troops it skyhigh. They get the drop on. Minority force they would cross up the river and they would sweep in and either destroy it on the spot or drive lee back on richmond. The planning goes while the initial movement go better than the north have any right to expect. The confederates were truly surprise. Jackson was shocked. He could have plowed right into there. And he is afraid. When he comes up against lee directly he seems to have lost his nerve. Its one thing to be a terrific Division Commander or even a core commander but when someone else bears that responsibility and now he is in command of the army. His responsibility he is been winning victory after victory and he orders his troops to stop in the heart of the wilderness. The southerners resented him. They fight a nearperfect battle at gettysburg. He did make one mistake. To investigate they butterfield position. He is just the fifth core commander. His score and the 11th core they want to do the couches orders from headquarters stop here. And he is hes fit to be tied. Why are we stopping here in the middle of the woods that really starts the rift he wants all of his forces together. He wants him consolidated. Many times in history that can be good. He takes his time. It was the wrong approach to use against lee and jackson once he brought the initiative. Theyre in a sink and get their teeth into you. Roughly two to one. He knows he has to watch there. We enforce of the division to do that. Right up to the end of the war. He will use it again and again and try to use it at the very end of the war what napoleon called the strategy of the central position. If youre outnumbered dont let your enemy unite plunge in between them. Lee has to take chances. Feels like he cant retreat on richmond for a bite variety of reasons. He and jackson the first thing they do is make sure that you stop the union. He is nervous already. He decided to stay off the sauce for the campaign. Even people that didnt like him. Yet he didnt check in. Thats more in a bit. What happens when this dont cold high functioning alcoholic stops drinking overnight everything from the shakes to going to pieces. And quite a number of Union Officers felt that that might have turned out differently if joe had kept drinking he has the shakes. If another interesting character. It was home of fake news. The flying dutchman. Bad germans in the 11th core. The smallest core only recently came nobody really knows him and what they can do. The germans were wildly understood. Misunderstood. He is given commander to the score. He should get a bigger core. How is the collect the diehard abolitionists. We all had our blind spots in life its actually known as otis howard. Later in the more he will do a credible job in the south under sherman. At chancellorsville. He and the staff make it plain. They tend to be misunderstood. Not only because they speak german many of them failed to go over those. They came over fleeing persecution they come into the United States may fall. These men summer and early middleage. The craftsmen and first they had families they have children nonetheless every german has volunteered to fight for his new country and his adopted country. And they fight far better than they are given credit for. The patterns of fighting will be different. It is not to get the 20 yearolds to kill, the point of military discipline is to get them to stop killing when you say stop. Im not talking about just americans the whole testosterone push. In the valley there are 700 poor commanders one after another and now they have a new commander at the Division Level one of three divisions. Carl shorts is one of my heroes for a variety of reasons. In the late 1840s absolutely brilliant in germany. The revolution comes in they join the revolution. They are pushed back at back in the southern germany. Shorts is wounded. At the end he is fighting there shooting people right and left. Carl shorts has to assume he is a pressing subject. It was russian territory. They have out. In preston lancers. When the offer to type. They have to hold out and hold it. They sneak out again. They sneak through the storm dreams. He is safe the mentor has been captured by depression there out in berlin. I think at this point hes 20 years old. He decides to singlehandedly rescue his mentor from the prison. The toughest prison they have. And he pulls it off. Smuggles them on a ship. When he becomes a hero for everyone. He comes back and establishes a form he learns english over the two years. Thats not fair. Most germans add that. They sweep switchover like that. He runs into an ambitious railroad lawyer. Abraham lincoln when the work comes he is campaigning for lincoln. In the breath of German Community over to lincoln and when work comes lincoln makes him the head of the obligation. And he just wants to fight. He knows what the fighting means. If lincoln says no i need you to go to pain. To spain in because he was not a highranking officer people arent sure about him. And in the other division. There are numerous highly trained officers these guys have read there is one english translation at this point. They are re seen reading germany of course at west point. They have battlefield experience. The officers who deserted the army in many cases to come over to the Freedom Fighters they are not beer drinking incompetent. Now jump ahead to may 2, 1863. Is very high risk. More than half half of them come over. There is some fighting along the union centerleft. It doesnt amount to much. And he is making this first march. They are sending out scouts. At least a dozen times to the headquarters. They are out there. We see them. Its not really working. Where they can actually see the confederates on the march. From certain high ground. No hook or by the way has already given him the order to refused part of it. He sees that the flank is uncovered. In the case west. Howard ignores him now he doesnt think that there can be attacked. Lets make sure. So afraid of him now its wishful thinking. They go back and forth they are convinced that hes retreating towards orange virginia. There is a report that he is getting that are from the forces retreating. And the germans plead and call him against his orders he is the middle division. By an native board american. In shorts on his own pulls back to regiments. Under household name. If any nation in history has fought longer and harder for freedom in the polls i have yet to find a nation. They are going to make an incredible stand. They had two canon on the road. They are spread out along that road. They had two canons and one resident facing west. Jackson is coming through the right and you can hear you can hear the confederates talking. Theyve a long line and then he is having a little bit of a fight. They take his only reserve to reinforce. Stretched out in a long line for almost 3 miles. And who is coming stonewall jackson. At the 11th core is stretched out in a narrow line down this little aisle jackson is equivalent to stretching from walltowall india hits them. What is amazing is it held its own. Poor alexander a very talented officer after the war he said there is no way anyone on earth could with stood his attack. They dont just all runaway. They are some nativeborn troops. The other ways they fight into the last shot. They have made a couple of other decisions. He was so convinced they were coming in that he brings up his supply wagons earlier in the day there is one road through the wilderness where the supply wagons can be. How quickly can you move it down. Although they have a brilliant plan it have holes in it. One hole was communication the plan if you analyze it objectively he was a brilliant h century plan but 19th century army cannot execute. It required them to coordinate. And they are trying a new advice. The union is trying a new telegraph system doesnt work. It breaks down very quickly. It was sent 12 hours before and then they get one to supersede it. Horses and writers over the front for most of the time. The community shoulds breakdown has plan was to move fast he does and he uses the mules. You are to lose a lot of stuff. It does not work well. And by the third day the union army on the verge of holding off. The north still could have won a smashing victory they are running out of ammunition. Because hooker has stripped them down so far. In the evening of may 2 jackson against all odds and recent he does achieve surprise. There is nothing they can do about it. They fight as hard as they can. And then the confederate hits the two regiments. One of the 26 of wisconsin has never been in a real battle before. A banker from milwaukee. Those two regiments they hold up the entire attack for 20 to 30 minutes. It is enough for the 11th quarter. And also for news to get back to headquarters. They are badly handled. And they engage in a fighting withdrawal as long as they can in meanwhile along the road dash union man heartthrob. He has his battery loses the gun early on. He starts leapfrogging them backward. He sticks with his guns they start manhandling the guns back and they keep leapfrogging them back and then they decide to say what they can. He tells a second in command to drop ammunition all the way back at intervals of about hundred 50 150 to 200 yards. They are firing the canisters down the road. It ended up being shut down on all sides. With some soldiers that are retreating to stop and happen to be fellow ohioans. They stopped to help me in the guns. And they fight the remnants of the battery all the way back to the solidified union line. How many of you have heard about that. The germans are the bad guys. They ran away. In the 11 core they did what it could. Some regiments broke. Jackson does ultimately push to almost within a mile of chancellorsville. And of course what happens he runs out of time darkness falls with this attack they have become very disorganized. Its late in the day he knows hes can attack his can attack on the confederate side. He wants time to get his divisions up in block. They have to funnel them into a long lines. You get the Third Division in the long line. For the 3mile front. Juergen and lose control. Jackson has no choice. So what happens. They come sweeping forward and some of the forces push much further head. In the third line coming up. Ingle intermingled with the second. When it goes back to miles or more they are discombobulated. There trying to find their regiments. Parts of the forest are burning. And jackson wants to keep pushing but ultimately he realizes that he has set reorganize somewhat. The attack just peters out and then what happens Jackson Billy has it slept for 48 hours. Two hours total jackson wants to go out and scout things out for himself. And its dark and there has just been the cavalry just blundered into an ambush in the dark so the confederate soldiers and jackson without quarter 80 Court Meeting it writes pass it right out the road. We dont really know how far he got. Him and his party. They are digging in. They arent broken. He has to reorganize and push on the attack. When he turns around to go back and give the orders they are a confederate soldier. Your friends had been getting killed around you. There is smoke people are yelling there is still firing going on. Yankee calvary. Someone starts on the party. They cry out thats a lie. And they do. And jackson of course is wounded. And then his dropped twice from shoulder level. Its not the end of the battle. Right and left. In the next ranking is jeff stewart. He has never commanded large infantry. Everybody is in the dark. They did not know exactly what his plan was. Was it to hang a left. Nobody knows and the battlefield is confused. He starts asking people what is jacksons plan. Nobody knows. And when they look back and say they shouldve done this at this point. He wouldve loved too. And the brigade officers. After his warning. The next day. I will leave a few minutes for questions. On may 3 the bloodied day. The confederates was not an experienced man. He knows he has to attack. Piecemeal attacks. In broad daylight. And they hamper him or him. In the course of three waves of attacks. The stonewall brigade breaks apart and runs they broke. They are never the same after translators fell. And theyre not the only ones. They will mock the confederate soldiers save will show you how its done. By late morning even though the confederate artillery has ceased the conditions. Then one last attack in them. They are aching to consider that. The union have a chance on may 3. To turn this into a smashing victory. All he knows is go forward, go forward. They delay. That morning he is out in the porch. In a confederate shell from the position that he have given up. Its a pillar on the porch. Hits him on the head. He wants to make a decision. Mead is begging to attack. He wants to attack confederates. Teufel union court. And they were ready to position perfectly to sweep them up and there is a backing at the top of the army of the potomac. By the afternoon he is in and out. He is coming back. In the meantime the yankees who have been fighting brilliantly are running out of ammunition. And he does not want to hear it. He is moved his headquarters back they were leading with the ammunition. It turns into an unnecessary disaster. And they were allowed to attack. These are the real problems of command. Tired men or wounded men with incomplete information and to make the decisions on the spot. They would always say make a decision candidate. The military rule is very simple. And imperfect decision made in a timely manner is a perfect decision made too late. They wanted to make perfect decisions. I cant be. Not when you are fighting lee. They dont know that jackson is off the battlefield. That wont come out for several more days. They sweep up past the burning chancellors theyll. And thats when you get the union and the two confederate wings. It is the most glorious moment of the war against great odds. Hes turned the tides. Hes enjoying his golden moment. And that an entrance into another day of fighting. We will have to stop we got started a little late. Just take this with you. When somebody becomes accepted with popular wisdom. It is one of the few words in history where the losing side wrote to the history. Thats what you have to go back to the original records they piece it together as best they can. Not for my book even though my publisher would love you to buy them. He has done incredibly great pioneering work on Central EuropeanCentral European immigrants in our civil war. Not about the tens of thousands of germans who volunteer to fight bravely. And we had time for questions. In your book your you head about the generations which i think is great. The reputation as a soldier endures. With the u. S. Flag saying its about the culture. My question is the way this goofiness is going today do you think eventually with the civil war not to being taught so much that his reputation will injure. If you say tommy something about the civil war thats when George Washington freed them at pearl harbor. Weve taken history out of our schools. In our nation does not know our history. If you dont know your history how can you be an informed voter our country has never been so divided. We were somewhat divided in the federalist error. Among native born supporters here. History is critical. I dont want people taking a political stance on history. And lets try to understand the men and women on their own terms. It is utterly unfair and grotesque athlete and morbidly wrong. We are in a situation reversed. They would be mortified by our public behavior by the way the families had broken down. They would be mortified by the falsity of so much of our religion. They were able to stand in line because for them religion have an immediacy. History wont tell you what to do. Its really good at telling you what not to do they dont had time for history they have to learn computer science. They can teach that teachers science. And tremendous expense of getting here and so on robert e lee and the statues coming down. My civil war ancestor in South Carolina he died mike morris civil war soldiers of dysentery. He did his part. But the confederates you have to try to understand it on their terms. The first loyalty was to the states there are statutes first of all i tell people beware of terry down other peoples statutes. Some day to be back and they will tear down years. There are exceptions a brilliant tactical problem we dont need statutes. What about stonewall jackson. Should we judge him sorely in the 1850s when he was Thomas Johnson jackson the professor he defied his neighbors with the three free blacks and slaves. He broke virginia law to teach blacks to read. He was regarded as the champion friend of blacks. They begged him to buy them. Where conditions were much more brutal. He brought one immediately turned him loose as out waiter at the local hotel. The other one was a woman with two kids jackson often offered to just free her. This is the 1850s they take care of blacks. Jackson for me i think he was a high functioning autistic who came through much. Very comfortable with women. And for whatever psychological reasons he is no trouble speaking with blacks. The problem with blacks in sunday school was jackson thought he could sink and he couldnt. He could be brutally cruel man. I will just put a stop to that that second happen on the other hand he literally could break down over the fate of a little child in the winter before. He got the germans as sentimental and cool. More on the russians jackson you could also call him sentimental and cruel. He was obsessed with injustice. A long answer but i would just say this i am not a republican or democrat i am an american my loyalty is to our constitution on some issues youd probably find me to the center. I am far to the right of Dwight Eisenhower because im american i get to choose. Party lines are for colonies. We get to make up our minds on individual candidates and issues. Let me tell you what Political Correctness is. Is fascism with a latte. Free speech is critically important. We are americans we contacted anything we want. See make you have discussed that the union army did not know jackson. Did you know the reaction after they heard that . He was probably delighted. There were men who came to really admire jackson. You can be glad that hes off the battlefield but also in a sense more of an enemys death. The u. S. Military has the love affair. It is not uncommon. In the longer words go on also. Thats what they tend to find with the other side. And its a strange phenomenon. The microphone is coming to you i think. Was he able to communicate with lee yes he could but slowly. And the writers go back and forth. During the night leah stunned he is awakened. They still think at that point jackson is in a survive can a survive because of the arm wound. He dies from a variety of causes. We will argue about what actually killed him to the end. First they have to find stewart. They find the utter confusion. They put a good face on things. They cant let anybody know what the face of what theyre doing. As a commander its probably fine to lie in store is just lying right to left. He is communicating through the relays back and forth across the line. And people get lost in the dark. The clearest instruction they get is that youve got to continue the attack. And stewart does his best. He has formed my life on the planes. He has never handled these large bodies. He does his best and ultimately its enough because the confederates when for a variety of reasons. But its a bloodied mess. Thousands of confederates our wounded in confront all attacks. Are there any others. Thank you all so very much for coming today. [applause]. Today at 5 55 p. M. Eastern Warren Farrell discusses his book the boy crisis. Why our boys are struggling and what we can do about it. Success makes people feel like they are like and have friends. When boys dont have that success they tend to go down a slippery slope that can in the worstcase scenario move to depression, anger withdrawal in the mass shootings. The dena laspina who contracted polio as a baby talks about growing up with the best disability. I was never sick never a fever until that fateful night polio mellitus. It invaded our happy home and stole me from my family. At 9 00 p. M. Eastern on afterwards. They talk about their book beyond charlottesville. I think it is to signal to people and not embolden them. If he can say publicly so can i. I make the point that people used were hoods. They used to do this at night. This was the big comingout party. They get hurt badly in charlottesville. Book tv was on hand at the bookstore in washington dc where cbs news legal analyst discussed her book how to read of the constitution and why. Here is a portion of her talk. The power comes from god if you slayed the idea that god decided you would be king. Or queen. So the power comes from god the people are separate. It ultimately always comes from the people and that document is designed to basically hand out Job Description. Like all of us who had have jobs if there arent consequences for violating your Job Description if you show up late seven times in a row there is a consequence. The institution cant function with that that kind of bad action you will get fired. So our constitution is up piece of paper to which we enforce it. You sign a contract or renovate your bathroom they come and do demo and then they walk off and leave you with the mess they get to keep the money the contract is not going to get your money back you have to go to court and you have to put some muscle into it enforcing the contract and the constitution is the same way. Search the authors name. Using the box at the top of the page. They reflect on growing up with polio. The post white house years the former virginia democratic governor provides that high mind of the event that led up to the tragedy in charlottesville. Economics Professor Robert lawson weighs in on socialism and the former public radio host offers her thoughts on how women can reclaim their voice. Check your cable guide for more schedule information. Jennifer grossman who is eyeing rant. An immigrant in 1905. They witnessed their Russian Revolution when she was just 12. From the window of her parents ap