They have had so dont turn your back from keeping in touch with everybody as your experiences progress. Host if you have been watching live coverage of the National Book festival you saw David Mccullough earlier in conversation with david rubenstein, 2500 people in a packed room waiting in line as you can see around the set, cried ground gathered to see David Mccullough. Raymond in delaware please go ahead. Caller an honor to speak with you, i have many of your books. Can you comment on the most recent elevated efforts to take down our national statues, those that have withstood time for over 150 years, thank you. Guest i find that a complicated and emotionally charged issue. I when the statue was built, when the edifice was created in memory of someone, has a great deal to do with whether or not it is something that ought to come down. The statues to the heroes of the confederacys that were put up in the 1890s were being put up at a time when racism was rampant in the south, black people were being handed by mobs. It was an ugly awful comment on the notion, the ideal of equality in our country. If it was a monument erected as per George Washington who owned slaves, and begun before the civil war then i say no, that is not how they felt about the subject zen was very different, keep in mind the civil war was far on the principle that slavery had to stop. Slavery was evil. Those who fought against that were saying no, slavery is all right. That is very very different and we lost more human beings in that war than any war we have ever been involved in and to ignore that as one side was right and the other was wrong is to live in a kind of haze of romanticism. Having said that i am more concerned about stages we havent raised. We are in our Nations Capital and there is no monument, no building in the memory of john adams, one of the most important figures in all of our history so we ought to be thinking more about people for whom we should be honoring. I think there ought to be statues to the most gifted and devoted and important and influential teachers in our country in every city we have and every town because they are doing the most important work of any of us and they have been doing it all along and they dont get enough credit. It isnt that they are not paid enough, we dont celebrate them enough for what they do for all of us, our children, grandchildren and us. Host last call for David Mccullough comes from big l in corpus christi, hour conditions . Good afternoon, thank you for asking. Things are good. We were fortunate, the storm went 30 miles west, north of us, we got some of it but unfortunately for the surrounding communities, we see houston, they got the brunt of it but thank you for asking. Guest the whole country is thinking about texas and will be for long time and all of us should chip in and contribute to help people who are in desperate need and we will, we do, that is the way we are as americans. Caller i also lived in houston for a while and houston is ethnically diverse city, and amazing city. My question is, his opinion regarding the electorate and how we select national candidates. Much has been written about the candidate nixon debate, how Television Changed how we vote for people and now we are in a situation where social media, television, generations of grown up with that and i wonder if the future, current president , when people vote in the future, has something changed in the electorate where what is valued in a candidate based on this host we are getting close on time. I we got enough to work with. David mccullough. Guest we will never understand the impact of television on all of us. It is here to stay, part of our life and i for one think the First Amendment is among the most important bedrock foundations of our way of life and system and the journalists who have been covering this presidency and the election that led to the presidency, journalists in print and on television and electronic means of communication have with some exceptions done a superb job and are doing a superb job and they are to get far more credit than they do. They are brave, they are professional and we have to remember that having that kind of coverage is essential to our way of life. Host this is his most recent book, the american spirit, who we are and what we stand for. David mccullough its next book on the northwest territory, the northwest ordinance. Live coverage from the 17th annual national for book festival now continues. New york times columnist and bestselling author Thomas Friedman. [inaudible conversations] the truth is the times succeeds on so many fronts and the central reason is it is home to outstanding journalists. A standout among them is Thomas Friedman. [applause] host there is a photo that purports to be Thomas Friedman. Tom is younger but it looks like he is accelerating in reverse in that photo. Tom spent his life getting out into the world. Thorough research and speaking to people in every station of life, every walk of life and around the planet. The result is something quite different from the cynicism and snark integration we encounter so often in todays media universe. What we get instead is a pair of rarities, insight and wisdom. They are the product of real reporting and serious reflection. Themselves all too rare. Those qualities could be found in his previous bestselling books and you can find them in his latest, thank you for being thank you for being late an optimists guide to thriving in the age of accelerations. When the editorinchief of bloomberg and former editor of the economist wrote his review of Thomas Friedmans book for the New York Times he rightly observed it is hard to think of any other journalist who has explained as many collocated subjects to so many people. Among the central subjects tom explains now is the more exhausting pace of technological change. There have to be many of you who, like me, wonder if they can keep up with the rush of the new technology we encounter every day and wonder what the seemingly endless revolutions of technology will signify for workers and kids and the entire human race. Tom explains how technology is changing with such speed, why things will get faster and where this appears to be taking us. When tom tells us things will get faster and reminds us there are 10 billion things connected to the internet that is less than 1 of the possible total, you may suffer the anxiety that this book seeks to cure but tom lets us know it is going to be okay. You will be hearing from an optimist. Lets see if he can make optimists of all of you. Than the other great forces, the global markets, speed and adaptability and finally and importantly, Climate Change. We can use those words here, by the way. [applause] bloomberg calls toms book and honest, cohesive explanation for why the world is the way it is with miracle cures, the Financial Times in its review notes that tom offers sensible solutions but, quote, does not offer easy, slogan friendly ideas. Imagines that. Someone has proposed ways to confront the challenges of our World Without slogans, miracle cures or scapegoats. That makes Thomas Friedman atomic for our times and it is my pleasure and honor to yield the floor to the great Thomas Friedman. [applause] thank you. Thank you very much. It is great to do a neighborhood concert. This is fantastic. Thank you, we are in a golden age of journalism as regards to newspapers, the New York Times and washington post. We are going at it every day. One of the people centrally responsible for that golden age is marty baron and it is an honor to be introduced by him. And if you would silence your cell phones or put them on stun i will be forever grateful. Thank you for being late an optimists guide to thriving in the age of accelerations. First question i always get from people when they hear the title is where from comes the title . Thank you for being late an optimists guide to thriving in the age of accelerations . It comes from meeting people in washington dc, for breakfast. I like to not waste breakfast eating alone, i like to learn from someone so i organize business breakfasts and every once in a while someone comes 10 or 15 minutes late. Sorry for the weather, traffic was so busy, and one day over three years ago my friends, and energy entrepreneur, came at the usual time, very sorry, the weather, the traffic, the subway, and i spontaneously said to him, actually, peter, thank you for being late. Because you were late, i have been eavesdropping on their conversation. Fascinating. I have been people watching the lobby. Fantastic. And best of all, best of all, i just connected two ideas i have been struggling with for a month. So thank you for being late. People started to get into it. They say you are welcome. Because they understood i was giving them permission to pause, slow down, reflect. My favorite quote from the book is from my teacher, when you press the pause button on a computer it stops. When you press the pause button on the human being, it starts. That is when it starts to reflect, reef and reimagine. Dont we need to do a lot of that . This book was triggered when i pause and engaged with someone i wouldnt normally engage with. I live in bethesda with my wife, once a week i take subway to work. That means driving from my home on bradley boulevard to bethesda hyatt in the Public Parking garage and take the red line into dc to the New York Times office not far from the white house. Three years ago i did that, parked my car, spend the day at the office, kicked the redline back, drove to the cashier, looked at it, and said i know who you are. Great. I read your column. I said great. He said i dont always agree. Get me out of here. I actually said that is good. It means you always have to check. I drove off thinking he reads my column. A week later i took my weekly trip to dc by subway, parking garage, redline, office, redline back, parking garage, car, timestamp tickets, cashiers booth, same guy is there. This time he says Thomas Friedman, i have my own blog, would you read my blog . I thought oh my god, the parking guy is now my competitor . What just happened . I said write it down and i will look it up. He tore out a piece of receipt paper and wrote on it, i got home, i fooled it up on my computer, turns out he is ethiopian and was writing about ethiopian politics from the perspective of a Democracy Advocate and it was pretty good, a pretty good blog. I thought about him for a few days and eventually concluded this was a sign from god that i should pause and engage this guy. The only way i could do it was park in the parking garage every day. That took three or four days. They opened at 7 00, i parked under the gate, got out of my car and said i would like your email, i would like to send you a message, which he gladly gave me and that night we began an email exchange, most of them are in the front of the book, kind of funny. Basically i said to him in essence i have a proposition for you. I will teach you how to write a column for the New York Times if you will tell me your life story and he basically said i fear proposing a deal, i like this deal. He asked that we meet near his office in bethesda across from the highest, send me a gift certificate, putting them in the book, which we did two weeks later. I came with 6 page memo on how to write a column and he came with his life story. His life story, and economics grad in addis ababa, a political activist, Democracy Advocate, his democracy activism earned him a 1way ticket out of ethiopia and we welcomed him here in our country as a political exile, yes, we did that. [applause] he told me he was blogging on different websites but they wouldnt turn his stuff around fast enough so he decided to start his own blog and now Thomas Friedman, i feel empowered. He is read in 30 different countries. He is a wonderful man. Anyone today can participate in the global conversation and he taught me so much about that in his own country, ethiopia. I just presented him with a 6 page memo on how to write home. The world is a big data problem, this is my algorithm, how i cut through it and i thought about some of this before but never put it together until i did it in a memo for you. Basically explained to him that a news story is meant to inform and it can do so better or worse, the post tomorrow will write a story about this festival and marty will tell them what they did better or worse. I never connected those things more life, this happened four times a year. Mr. Freeman, you said exactly how i felt, god bless you. I want to kill you dead, you and all your offspring, i get that. Thats usually heat and light also, okay. Actually required a Chemical Reaction and you had to combine three chemicals, the first is what is your value sets, what is the set of ideas, principles. What set of values . Second, how do you think the Machine Works . So the machine is my shorthand, what is the biggest shaping our things in more places in more ways in more days. Im always in my head in working theory of how they look, why, im trying to take values and push in their direction and if i dont know how the Machine Works, i wont push it, i will push nit the wrong direction. My books have been inspiration on how the Machine Works. Lastly, what did you learn about people and culture, how the machine affects different people and culture and how they come back and effect the machine no column without people and no people without culture. Stir those three together, mix it up, bake for 45 minutes and if you do it right, you will produce a column that produce heat or light. Well, the more i engage on this, we had three sessions at coffee house in and several emails in between, the more i step back and to say to anne wolf, thats what a column is about, what is my value set . Those of you read me know that i have a rather corky set of values, im not quite a libertarian, im certainly not a conservative. My values emerge from the Comal Community i grew up with in minnesota in the 1950s, 60s and 70s at a time in place where politics works. And that had a huge impact on me. How do i think the Machine Works today and what have i learned of people and culture . I decided that was the book i wanted to write. How the Machine Works and the second half is about how this machine today is not just changing your world, its reshaping your world and its reshaping the workplace, politics, geopolitics, ethics and communities. Let me try to give you a quick runthrough. How does the machine work today . Well, i think what its shaping more things and more places in more ways and more days its the fact that we are in the middle of three nonlinear federations all at the same time with the three largest forces on the planet which i call the markets, Mother Nature and more blog. And i should tell you that i mix the three together for a reason. One of my teachers in this book, lynn wells, something hes really taught me which is i think is essential to doing proper journalism today, is never think in the box and never think out of the box. Today you must think without a box. Okay, you need to be melding all of these Different Things together and in my case, they are the market Mother Nature. So market for me is leadership globalization. Digital globalization, through facebook or amazon or google or twitter or paypal, if you put that, it looks like a giant hockey stick. Mother nature for me is Climate Change by law and population growth in the developing world. You put that on the grass, it looks like a hockey stick. Slide up hire for a second, coin by gordon, the cofounder of intel in 1965, gordon moore positive that the speed and power of microchips would double every 24 months and the price would stay roughly the same. Moores law has held up for 52 years and it is the enginedriving all technological change today because moores law drives globalization and more drives more Climate Change. Now, about once a year for the last 52 years, someone has written an article, moore law is over. For 52 years what they all have in common is they were all wrong. Moores law is alive and well, not 30 months but your computer at home now is probably operating on an intel work course chip and has 37. 5 million transittors, intel introduced 10millimeter chips, it would have a hundred million transistors, selfdriving car that contain it is brain contains the brain of that car. Wait till the end of the year. 1971 volkswagen beetle, what would it be like today . That 1971bw beetle would go 300 miles an hour and would cost 4 cents. Youll be able to drive your entire life on one tank of gas. Thats the power of the technological exponential now driving our lives. What the hell happened in 2007, what the hell happened in 2007 . What is this guy talking about, 2007. Here is what happened in 2007, the year was kicked off in january of 2007 when one steve jobs introduced this, the first iphone at the Masonic Center in San Francisco beginning a process halfway throughputting into one of these putting into the hands of half now every one on the planet. That is a handheld computer with more compute power in it than the apollo station that doubles, thats how the year began. In 2007, a Company Called facebook which had been confined to high schools and universities in late 2006 opened platform to anyone with a registered email address and in 2007, facebook went global. In 2007 a Company Called twitter split off on its own independent platform and went global. In 2007, the most Important Software you may have never heard of called adupe name after the sons toy elephant, enables the Million Computers to Work Together as if they are one seamlessly, thats big data now. Its based on two algorithms, but as the founder, explains in the book, sends us letters back home. And what google did was leave a trail to open Software Community and dupe its a public version of it, there isnt a Major Company in washington, d. C. That isnt somewhere in the background running duke. The second most Important Software call the viemware, enables any operating system to work on any computer, you are use today that now but that was unique back then and thats what enabled cloud computing, we have all the commodities and we can run operating system on them. In 2007 a company, the worlds now largest depository opened its doors. In this in 2007 google bought algorithm into the wild called android. In 2007, jeff bezos introduced the worlds first ebook reader called the kindle and in 2007ibm started the worlds first cognitive computer called watson, in 2007 three designed students in San Francisco were attending the Design Conference that year and noticed all hotels were sold out but one of them had three spare mattresses and they decide today rent them out to people who couldnt get hotels and it worked out so well in 2007 they started a company airbnb, thats why its called airbnb because of the three mattresses. In 2007, the internet cost a billion users for the first scaled in 2007. Here is what happened in 2007, graph of sequencing a human genome. For those in the back, in 2001 it cost us a 100 million in sequence a human genome, fell to 10 million and then youll notice in one year it goes over a cliff like ekg heading for a heart attack, that year is 2007. The price of sequencing a human gene collapses to 10,000. In 2007, solar energy took off as process for extracting natural gas from tight shell called fracking, between 2006 and 2008 americas total natural reserve increased 35 . That is a spectacular number in 2007. A graph of what social networks look like, thats actually the cost of generating a mega bit of data, youll notice the line goes straight down in, what year is that, 2007. And in the blue line is the speed of transmitting that data, youll notice the two lines crossed in 2007, close enough for government work, all right. Oh, yeah, i forgot the cloud. It was born in 2007. First year statistic show up in 2008. In 2007 intel for the first time went to extend moores law into its microchip, in 2007 mike dell, founder of Dell Computers retired and in 2007 he decided he better come back to work. Turns out, 2007 maybe understood in time as surely one of the greatest technological Inflection Points. Someone was alive when glutenberg invented the printing press. Now, that is really cool, okay. [laughter] i dont have to write all the bibles anymore, we can snap them out, i think you were alive at a similar Inflection Point in 2007, unfortunately we all completely missed it. Why . Because of 2007. Right when your physical technologies just took off like we were on a moving sidewalk on an airport 5 to 50 miles an hour, right when that happened, all of our social technology, the regulatory form, the political reform, the manager reform, the learning reform, youd wanting to with it, all completely froze because we entered the deepest recession since 1929 and in that dislocation, you cannot understand whats going on if you dont understand that dysfunction. So what happened in 2007 . Well, i argue what happened is your computer processor chip, has a storage chip, got networkingand all five were in moores law. What happened in 2007 is that all melded together in this thing we call the cloud. The cloud. I never used the term the cloud in my book. So cudly, sounds like a mitchell song. Ive looked at clouds. This aint no cloud, folks. What i called in the book is the super nova. Those of you who are science fans know the super nova is actually the Largest Energy force in nature. Its the explosion of a star. What happened in 2007 the release of energy of men and women in the likes we have never seen before and overnight changed four kinds of power, first it changed the power of one, what one person can make as a maker or breaker is amplify today a degree we have never seen before. We have a president who can sit in his pajamas in the west wing and tweet to a billion people directly without an editor, a liable lawyer and filter. [laughter] [applause] but here is whats really scary, isis can do the exact same thing from his bunker in raqqah province in syria. The power can be a maker or a breaker is fundamentally changed. The power of machines have changed. Machines are acquiring all five senses. We have never lived in a world where machines had all five senses. And as result, machines can now analyze, optimize, profittize automatize, they can optimize and they can Tell United Airlines exactly what altitude to fly the ge engine for every mile of its flight to get the Premium Energy efficiency. They can profittize, you see the ibm watson ad, im here to repair the elevator and the guy says, the elevator is not broken and he says, i know but it will be in six weeks because with big data we know that. Thats a new world. One we have never inhabited before. The third contestant simply went by his last name mr. Watson. See if you can get it. The question was its on the foot of the horse and used by dealer in a casino and under 2. 5 seconds mr. Watson said in perfect jeopardy style, what is a shoe. Cog any tifer computer figure out a pun faster than two human beings and the world hasnt been the same since. One day we decided to take them down and barack obama ran six years ago saying marriage between a man and a women, today blessedly so marriage is between any two human beings who loved each other and he followed ireland in that open, change at a pace we have never seen before and lastly, its changed the power of many, these amplified powers of men, women and machines have become so great that we have become the biggest forcing function in nature and thats why the nuclei mate new climate we we era has been made for us. They are reshaping the world and that requires fundamental rethinking of everything and they are reshaping five realms, politics, ethics and the community and the workplace. Let me spend the second time talking about what i mean. So basically the workplace is being changed in large part because of this graph. I was interviewing asper and i went to see him and he got it from his desk and he drew this very simple graph. So the blue line across the middle, youll notice it has a positive slope, very gradual. I said whats that astro, he said thats the average rate at which human beings and societies adapt to change over time. It has a positive slope but its gradual. White line that starts below and then loops up, thats technology. So if you live at the left end, if you lived 11th century or 12th century, youre bowing arrow did not get better between 11th century and 12th century. There was no bowing arrow 2. 0. The line of innovation was very flat and we got the scientific revolution, steve jobs, intel, bill gates and the line starts to go Straight North and then asper drew the diamond there. I said whats that, thats where we are. We are at a point where technology is evolving faster than the average human being and society can adapt. He went out and got a third magic marker, hard for you in the back to see, maybe, he drew a little dotted line off the blue line and i said, whats that, astro . He said, thats learning faster and governing smarter and that is the challenge of the workplace today. How do we enable more people to learn faster and how in society do we govern smarter so we can live to adaptation line to meet technology where its taking us. So let me give you some examples of what im talking about. The chapter and how the workplace is being reshaped is how do we turn ai into ia, how do we take Artificial Intelligence and turn it into intelligent assistant asce. Amps and intelligent algorithm so more people can learn faster and govern smarter. I believe thats the center governial challenge time today. I will give you a couple of examples. The Human Resources department at at t, competes every day with verizon, telecom and all the great telecom companies, pretty good chance that a at any at t is coming to a neighborhood here you. What markets they are going to be in and what skills you need to be an at t employee and all 110,000 nonunionized staff and inhouse system and theyve got me in there, and then they determine, skill sets, you need to be a thriving employee given where they are going as a company and the world today. Turns out i have 7 of the 10 skills but im missing three, they partnered with sebastian, the Online Learning university and he created nano degree and courses for all ten skill sets and then they came back to me and said, tom, here is the deal, we will give you up to 8,000 a year to take all the degree courses for skills youre missing. We heard youre interested in the middle east, you want to take archaeology class. In fact, if you want to take masters degree for 6,000 that we built with georgia tech, we will pay for that as well, just one condition, tom, one condition. You have to take all of these courses on your own time at night, at home and on weekends. Not on company time. I say, you know, mr. At t, i climbed one too many telephone poles, im not into this anymore, they now have a wonderful severance project. Their time with their employees they will offer the new jobs first, they will not go outside. What is their contract with employees today, you can be a lifelong employee at at t but only if youre a lifelong learner, if youre not willing to be a lifelong learner you can no longer be a lifelong employee at at t. Thats coming to a neighborhood near you. The days you can go to college for two or four years and then dying out on that knowledge over the next 30, are completely gone in the age of acceleration. Lets learn now in first year, maybe out of date, and therefore be a lifelong learner becomes the single most Important Competitive advantage you can have in the age of acceleration. This is why my friend heather likes to say, today never ask your kid what you want to be when you grow up because whatever it is, policemen or firemen, not going to be there. Only as ask your kid how you want to be when you grow up, will you have an agile learning mind set and predisposed to learning. A friend of mine in the global future, palo alto likes to say, the biggest divide in the world we are going into now is no longer the Digital Divide, Digital Divide, washington, d. C. Had internet, up state maryland didnt, america had internet, Central Africa didnt. The Digital Divide is going to be gone in five years if it isnt already and when its gone, the biggest divide in the world is going to be the selfmotivation divide. Who has the selfmotivation to be a lifelong learner after youve left home or graduated school and mom and dad are not there to say, tommy, have you done your homework . And i believe one of the things in our Society Today is this issue of the importance of selfmotivation because a lot of people were built to show up to work and do what they were told and by the way, these are good people and they built our country. We ask them to show up, we ask them to do what they were told and they did it and they did it damn well but the world has changed now and one of the things rolling the society is the necessity of Lifelong Learning and motivation. Thats my example of intelligence assistance. My example of intelligence is assistance is the janitorial staff, networking and when i was there i discovered they had taken six buildings and sensors everywhere. Door, window, facet, they put sensors everywhere and they alabamaed all of that data up to the cloud, super nova and now down to ipad with incredibly userfriendly interface for their janitors. So if i leave my computer on a pipe burst above my head, they know it just when i do, if not faster and swipe down who can see who can fix it or how to repair themselves. What do you think this does for the dignity of a janitor because he or she now is an intelligent assistant enabling to live and learn at a higher pace . My example of intelligence algorithm, partnership between the College Board and Online Learning platform. For free psat and preparatory sat example and see how well you do for sat example to get into the college of your choice. We all know that many parents will go out and hire a tutor for 200 an hour to boost kids psat scores, dont worry, many of us did it, are completely rigged game. A completely rigged game, if you come from a neighborhood or family that cant possibly afford such a tutor, you are at real disvac. Disadvantage. Three years ago david created an intelligent algorithm finish presat prep. You have a problem with fractions and right angles, takes me to a practice site just for fractions and right angles, just for the things that im weak at. It doesnt waste any time to my strength. Takes me to another site, you can be in ap math, me, in ap math . I dont know anything about ap math. No one in my neighborhood was in ap math, no, you could be in ap math. Another site for college scholarship, young boys and girls at the boys and girls clubs to america, to shepherd through intelligence algorithm, last year 3 million American Kids got pree free psat prep. We have a real problem in this country. 32million people that started college and never finished. They drop out before they get a degree. They go to apply for a job, where is your ba, no ba, no job. There are groups that you can come to them, they will badge what you learned in one year, two and a half, three years and they will then partner with employees to flock you in basis on what they have determined you know. So i profile in the book Young African american woman, rashana lewis, she had to drop out for family reasons after three and a half years, ended up having to drive a bus, couldnt make that up and working on the desk of a law firm hoping lawyers rediscover their law. She was discovered by a group like opportunity at work, they partnered with master card, into the systems of master card, today hes a senior Systems Engineer at master card and in the last sign in her interview in my book, she says, and mr. Friedman, i still dont have my ba, that is an intelligent algorithm. Now im going to make a bet that any one of you, im going to bet none of you have heard of any of this and thats because you were paying attention to our last election. You see, the fact is there is massive innovation going on in our country in the pathway of education to work, in fact, theres so much innovation, i thought at one point i could just write a book on that, whatever you can think of, i promise you somebody in some community is already doing it, just needs to be shared and scaled. Unfortunately what was our last election about, Bernie Sanders big idea was to tear down the big banks, Donald Trumps big idea was to tear down Hillary Clinton and Hillary Clintons big idea was to direct you to her website, www. Hillaryclinton. Com but the fact is theres massive innovation going on around the centrally important subject of education to work, it touches every home and no one telling anyone about it, so that brings me to my section that needs to be reshaped and that is politics. So i use a lot of parallels from nature in my book and thinking in general and i believe to think about politics today, you to understand that we are actually in the middle of three Climate Changes at once. We are in the middle of the change of the climate, we are going to later to now. Later when you say when i was growing up i could fix the lake in minnesota, repair the forest, i could do it now or later. Not anymore. Later is officially over. Later will be too late. So whatever youre going to say, you better think of saving it now. Thats a Climate Change. We are in the middle of the change of climate of globalization, we are going from a world that interconnected to a world that is interdependence, thats a difference of degree, thats a difference of time. In interdependent your friends can kill you stronger than enemies. If greece and italy go bankrupt, they can kill us. They are allies and your rivals falling in interdependent world [applause] thank you. My chapter on the subject is god in cyberspace . Is god in cyberspace and actually comes from the best question i ever got on book tour 1999 in portland, oregon and a man stands in the balcony. Mr. Friedman, i have a question, is god in cyberspace. And i said, i have no idea. So i got home, i called my spiritual teachers, he now livers in amsterdam, i said, i got a question, ive never had before, is god in cyberspace, what should have i have answered and, tom, in faith tradition we have concept of the almighty, he rewards good. He sure isnt in cyberspace, which is full of pornography, cheating, gambling and now we know fake news. [laughter] but he said fortunately we have a post biblical of god, god manifest itself by how we behave. If we want god to be in cyberspace, we have to bring him there by how we behave here. Only we can bring god into cyberspace. Well, as i thought about that, i put in the paperback edition of my book sat there