Absolutely exclusively about black americans. Thats what its about. Its. Its not about gay marriage either. So theyre at least gay americans. Here were were talking about people have never step foot on u. S. Soil before playing a game of red rover with our Border Patrol. Are we going to honor that . Because that is what happened with the eight gerber baby policy. And though wall, the moratorium we need a complete immigration moratorium so that it isnt just about latin america. [applause] or mexico i know why european immigrants and nobody. No marriage. No refugees or asylum shutting down for ted years and i explained in my book original idea was to back to before 1970. People are better than us rather than worse than us that we have all of these nonprofits the aclu my grant Rights Groups and those from the Ford Foundation incidentally not by hispanics but the paragraph goes on for a full page of those are the ones that become the Immigration Judges that work at the imf. That fight with cuba us and until they are on america cannot be safe we need to shutdown immigration all together for a decade to assimilate the ones already here then start up again to do what all before breakfast. [laughter] just send me the photos. I would be better than what we are getting now 100 percent of the time. New york times best selling author. Faqs so much. [applause] wearing two hats as director of the humanrights for children in the other as the cochair of a newly appointed committee so before i introduce ms. Margaret regan went to give context to lie invited you faculty and staff and students. Also please let me know if i am speaking to quickly. The issues are linked to human rights and childrens rights. With care or charity for societies and government to protect their social and political and civil rights. This is including the right to be safe, the right education also to for a social justice a bedrock principle to affirm the dignity of all persons. Libyan sting social justice with all members of society regardless of legal status to me to address those factors into vulnerability. With path breaking efforts underway but never like to highlight just a few. With 100 Catholic College president s supporting reform with a path to citizenship. Much to open the except undocumented students to support them financially. Very exciting. The with at National Research project with this and never see Multicultural Affairs is here today to share the dream to support undocumented students on campus. But the scholarship to support an undocumented students that demonstrate financial need to qualify for federal aid it is championed by a governmental leaders was is all very exciting and it is important to demonstrate to the works are on this issue. Lazore recently appointed cochair of which we have named the edge River Committee to implement recommendations on undocumented students for i have the pleasure to cochair am one of the charges of this committee to empower staff and faculty and Committee Members and with that it is my pleasure to introduce our guest speaker to day margaret regan. The author of two books, arizona stories from the borderland and her newest book, detained and deported stories of immigrant families under fire Award Winning author reporting on the arizona mexico border lamp. And showing up in the Washington Post blackandwhite news say Food Division and focus and many regional publications. Her newest book detained and deported stories of immigrant families under fire is a heart wrenching and toefl talk about profiting of violations of Human Dignity and human rights from deportation into detention of undocumented individuals. Talk about hidden plain sight within the borders and beautifully profiles the activist and the survivors and gingrich lives as family members and workers and students but she will talk about 45 minutes including readings from her book and we have alloted time for a healthy discussion afterwards if she has agreed to stay and sign books and we have a bookstore who was willing to purchase her book. Please help me to welcome margaret regan. [applause] they you so much. That was a nice introduction. Two weeks ago i met some of the medical students that catherine was mentioning always doing my book launch a local independent bookstore and casually after words what you think about the drivers . The bill was sent to me we would send them all to medical school. I say lets get this through with all baby boomers casually off the top of my head will whole group with the shining faces to say you are talking about us we are teaches students enrolled the medical university and i cannot tell you how amazing and wonderful that was and how much did gladdened my heart and i congratulate you for being in the forefront so also thanks to bringing you hear and i am thrilled to have my son here who lived in chicago and i have not seen since christmas. [laughter] but if you read my book he is an excellent researcher and copy editor and i make good use of his skills and he knows how to call me down [laughter] i will start with the reading to give you a gist of what the book is about then i will talk about with another greeting from the book to tell you about a specific case that his heart wrenching a so many are. I am used to talking with a microphone. This is from the introduction of detained and deported. Sitting in prison scrubs to watch the families gather all around her. Sister is with the sisters to bring to the Detention Center so to sit with the small sign in her lap the arms around him imagine never letting him go. The aunt who brought the little boy as they snuggled in the egg much dash embrace. There were trying to rootstalks but the four yearold daughter hungry and tired was on the floor below. Nine of the families had any privacy and day garde presided over the Mellon Collie reunion keeping a close watch on the mothers and fathers stressed. The visiting room was bleak which biprism lights. Pinole some light comes through the cinderblock walls. Among the detainees yolanda had no family visiting. She was glad to be out of the prison unit in determined to be cheerful. As she looked at the other detainees, during those two years she had seen her two little girls and little boys sporadically. Sojourn of the distant suburb coming to visit their mom sparing the time to go round trip. The last time she had seen them was two months before. Yolanda was 32 came to arizona from mexico when she was 15 and spoke flawless english. Even though she had no papers rubles had no difficulty to find a job and until two years ago she never had trouble with the immigration. But the father of her too young for children regularly beecher and one attack triggered a series of disasters that landed her in jail and now the tension and. That is the prison and she is an. But after facing deportation she could have expected the removal right away but if she was deported she would lose her children. So she stayed in the prison month after month pleading her case will be to persuade a judge to overturn the deportation order praying to get back to her daughters and her son and. Her spirit just like to once the last time the kids came to see her, her five yearold looked at her suspiciously. He told me i did not look like his mother as her eyes fill with tears. Her own child was starting to forget her. Down to the border the 25 yearold landscaper from the next but just as an aside it is run by jesuits. You may know some of them. One of 60 deportees eating a breakfast in the humble dining hall. To move with his family to mexico to the United States as a child. But he spoke perfect english they had two small children of baby boy and a baby girl both citizens he was arrested in phoenix. With several Detention Centers in arizona and colorado before being tossed back over the border. Oh is working hard to support children. What was their mother doing now . He was in a shelter under a day lucia from the United States and the shelters did not have the resources logger than three days. He would have to move on. The ad no intention reverie betty was a stranger and he knew where he needed to be. The way to get back to them that the journey would be perilous in more ways than one. He could die out there in the heat and if he made it through he ran the risk of arrest. If they catch me i get 10 years in jail. The human impact cannot be overstated. Mothers and fathers are turned into a Single Parents many have lost parents and many ended up in foster care. In 2011 in the year that he first turned up no fewer than 46,000 deportees as i was researching the book from the Detention Center in arizona. There were taxi drivers and fruit pickers and construction workers with waitresses and housekeepers doing bill lowpaid labor others were indistinguishable to be young and educated to live a more typical american life. Graduating from high school and Enter College than there were the immigrants who lived for years in chicago or florida or virginia and was tripped up at the border after going back to mexico or guatemala to visit families. The most determined were the parents separated from their kids. Waiting out detention and to plot a dangerous desert hike are rarely saw the kids who lost their parents but when i did it was painful. The little girl crying under the table with the family visiting room the day visited yolanda still haunts me. Her name was jacqueline. An american citizen and she was four years old. Is struck me this tiny child was bearing the full burden of her countrys policy on her shoulders. The wait was crushing her. A scary jael being regards regards, her unhappy mother and the father who had become a stranger she responded the only way she could. She threw herself on to the floor and clenched her fists and wailed. So that is what this book is about, the two sides of the issue the detention and deportation but i would tell you how i came to this topic. As Catherine Manchin refers book was primarily about the many, many deaths of migrants in the desert from miles from where i live in arizona but also told trajectory of the journey in the militarization of the border and the impact on american citizens. In the final chapter i would move into the current topic. These three people all worked for Panda Express. I am sure you have a pair. Tucson is not well known for immigration rates but for some reason there was the big trade on Panda Express not too far from where i live. A young woman was working there full time for four years and made so little money she could not paid her child so she made the mistake to apply for food stamps for him and she used a fake Social Security number that used to work at Panda Express and she was caught because the number bounceback from the department of Economic Security and the state conducted an investigation of Public Services they also go after drug dealers and Highway Patrol as they are Big Time Police people so they launched an investigation i have a stack of papers this high of the amount of time and effort they took to investigate this young woman. The listed every wage she had turned over four years it was less than 50,000. So at the same time they became suspicious of the other workers and it turns out 12 out of 14 were undocumented. The employee said they were implicit but of course, they denied that but early that morning, they went to her trailer on the sell side of town and conducted with the police cars, the sirens, they been on the door she was asleep in bed with her infant son eight months old and luckily she was living with family as they hauled her out of there she cannot even change out of her pajamas the child was screaming and her sister took the little boy and she did not see him again for five months. The other two people also had children. The 12 workers that were arrested there were 12 Young Children there was a raid later that day at the store itself right before the lunch rush and surrounded up parking lot and then they called them out in their little outfits and their hats and took them down to border virtual charged with felony impersonation of another human being. They had a great lawyer so they got off on a misdemeanor but once they settle the criminal case that typical trajectory they had to go to the Detention Center because there were undocumented. Most were deported pretty quickly but theyre all brought to the United States is john children and all had very good lawyers and as it turns out my daughter was a picture in her your bucket was about the same age when my daughter had just got in her College Degree and she was just released from jail so that was part trenching for me. Heart wrenching but they were permitted tuesday and are in the United States now but i have a nice quotation for cry went to visit her five months after his have been she was at home and her child was terrified of her. The grandmother was holding him. Freddie was looking like he was scared and would not allow his own mother to touch him. Eventually it worked out but who knows what kind of wound that would make on a small child and a quotation at the time from her said they took us away from our children in separated us from our families. I will never forget it was only four working and they treated it as a crime. What i learned from all three is it is difficult for them to be in the detention story. That is a river started to hear about it. Not just the confinement as omar was athletic and was the star Soccer Player in high school by the way they all have highschool diplomas from the highschool but the confinement was very difficult, the harsh trivet treatment and abusive language but they all said the two things that bothered them the most was to be treated like a criminal the always had good lives and works hard to be treated like a criminal was very hard and omar went into a depression. But the worst was the separation from families and children. So i decided for my next book to look into the Detention Centers. Ellis island is the hallowed place now now revoked at the photographs and how charming it is to see the ancestors but ellis island was also a Detention Center. Another one in california called angel island that i did not know about it. The west coast premiere of the ended up with immigrants from asia. But ellis island operated 62 years 189231954 angelou island operated 1910 through 1940. But the United States eventually moved away from the concept of Detention Centers and the old ims in 1954 when they closed ellis island said that simply are going out of the Detention Center business we will have some cases but basically they would not be imprisoned in large numbers of people. I had a wonderful quote from the Supreme Court in 1958. Exception and certainly this policy reflects hum human qualities of growth. That lasted for 22 years. Then it kind of changed in the face of 125,000 immigrants who some of the students may not know about that episode of american history. It was in 1980 and all of these people fled castro in boats and landed on the shores of florida. It was the last year of the jimmy carter administration. People were overwhelmed. The feeling about them, and i have not investigated this. The feeling was castro released a lot of criminals from the jails and we didnt want them going out into america. Some were processed and released but they had to detain large numbers of people. They did makeshift things and put them into old prisons. Some of them, i was able to find on my online research, at least a thousand people were held in a high security prison up atlanta for five years. This is without trial. This was the beginning of it again. Then president regan got in and we had the hatian boat people who most agree they were fleeing political aggression but regan ruled them to be economic migrants and so they were not allowed to get asylum and he really started constructing the detention system as we know it. And after that, ins published new rules saying detention would be would be the rule not the exception reversing the decision of 30 years before. At that point the race was on to Start Building the Detention Centers that we were going to be needing from then on. Interestingly that happened in 1982, Corrections Corporation of america, which is profiting nicely by holding yolanda formed i itself as a company. They were benefiting from the boom of immigrants but the boom in criminal convicts. You may not know but a lot of the criminal prisons in the United States are also run by private corporations and the immigration thing is one of their many businesses. I think what is interesting about immigration today and speaking about ellis island is that the massive numbers of people coming have triggered a reaction into the United States. A statistician wrote a thing in the new york city times saying during the ellis island period, for about 20 years okay, we got 20 Million People coming over 40 years, i am sorry, during the big dayofs, 20 million immigran came to the United States. That was massive in 40 years. In recent times, in the grew great migration, we have had 20 Million People coming in 20 years. So it is disruptive to people and all kinds of systems and there has been a response to the large number of immigrants coming into the United States. I wanted to show you these pictures by comparison. These are pictures of immigrants today and you know another crowded space like this where people were not treated very well. This picture shows men waiting for asylum hearing. They are mostly from guatemala in that room. This is another picture inside of guatemalan immigrants with an evangelical preacher. I witnessed this event and it was sorrow of people wailing and crying. The asylum detainees can be in prison n for years because they can keep appealing. I met one man who was in detention for seven years. That was the record. He eventually did get out. But as i said, you know, this massive influx of immigrants triggered a massive response. And you know, regan was on top of. In 1986, the bill mostly known for giving amnesty to immigrants was the first law to find certain crimes deportable followed in 1996 by a law you probably heard a lot about but the illegal Immigration Reform and immigrant responsibility act passed by the Republican Congress when clinton was president but you know the democrats had lost both houses of congress. It made broad justifications for detention. If you were arrested for a crime of moral turpitude, you had to go to detention. You were not allowed to be bonded out while waiting your case. And that can be as small as using, like the Panda Express people did, somebodys id or prostitution which is charge yolanda was charged with. You must go to detention and have no way of being bonded out. And they are felony like if you got caught with a couple joints of marijuana that was a felony since you were an immigrant. For the teenager down the street it was a misdemeanor and a slap on the wrist. That new law helped filled the Detention Centers. I thought i would show you a few of the pictures from inside. This is very hard as a reporter to get in the. It took a lot of effort but luckily i got in. I went with my friend jay rockland. This is one of four Detention Centers in arizona. It is one of the biggest in the country. It is the only one in arizona hat holds women. It looks like a prison and the prison movies you have seen. This is the day room where they spend all of their time. The Detention Centers offer no kind of Education Programs at all or even activities. People tell me, you know, that is another part of iti. It is so boring in there. You can be in there for a long time and day in and day out there is hardly anything to do. They have two tvs, but it cost 25 to get the ear phones to listen to it. Get a closeup of this. I like this picture showing the women sitting there with nothing to do, and the puzzle is sad showing the wilderness and wild open spaces for people who are locked up. This is a picture of the womens bedrooms. The toilet is right in the middle of the room which is very prisonlike way to treat people. The thing about these detainees, i mention the crimes, but while they are being held there they are not being charged with their crimes. They have taken care of their criminal stuff. They are only there to be held for detention hearing. They are no longer being held for criminal reasons. But the Detention Center building is a former regular arizona prison converted to detention. And this whole idea you are confined there and the toilet in the room is really just harsh and undignified for people and shows you how prisonlike the conditions are. You see the filmy thing across the window . The guy said that is black out paint and only in the womens room do they have that black out paint so they cannot look outside when they are locked up in there and they are locked up in there a lot of times during the day. He said some women were exposing themselves to men from the women. Made that claim. And as a result all womens windows are blacked out at all times. That seems pretty harsh. And this is another thing that shows you how rough the conditions are. This woman is one of the lowest level detainees you can tell by the color of her clothing so she is allowed to walk out there. This center does have an outdoor yard where they can go every day. It is arizona with the skies and mountains so that seems like okay, maybe you could deal if you could go outside. The Detention Centers, there are 250 around the states, and there is a hodgepodge of private prisons like this one. Little county jail lockups. Only a few are owned and operated by the American People and they are a lot better. There is one in arizona and i vis visited that one. Family can visit every day of the week, they have good food, they can go outside, it is only men and they can go outside and play soccer or basketball and there is a library. The others, even though under contract to ice, one of the ones in arizona that closed last summer, was named one of the ten worst in the United States because they never, never let prison detainees outside. They were never allowed outside and that is a violation of all rules of prison. The criminal defendants who were held elsewhere in the country jail were allowed outside but the detainees were not. They had a large room upstairs with a window across the top that had no glass but had a grill. So there was air, picture your Old High School gym with a high window. One window up there and that was the only way they got fresh air. And the man there who was in detention for seven years and that one for two years. He said that was their recreation period, being sent to that room, and the sun came down in a single ray of light and it shifted during the course of the hour and the men would take turns sitting in that beam of light for a few minutes and that is the only time they got in the sunlight except when they were being brought to court. And there were a lot of other complaints about that prison. They did not allow family visits. My description of yolandas visit was horrible but at least the families could be together. When i visited marco there it was a junky old video and it was horrible. When the familys travelled Long Distance to get a visit that is what they got. This little image. So i am glad to say that prison was shutdown. It still operates as a county jail but ice took their contract away from them. But we still have four Detention Centers in arizona. Only the one ice one and three of the private prison ones which are all pretty harsh and very limited family visiting. The other side of all of this is the deportations. Many of those in the Detention Centers are ultimately deported because that is the goal. By the year 2011, the year gustavo was deported 429,000 people were deported. What changed is in the Clinton Administration we had more than a Million People being removed but that was much less consequential in legal terms. People removed could try again. There was no criminal impact of their doing it again. But with the when you are formally deported it is a felony if you try to get back. That is what gustavo was saying. If he tried to get back to his family he would have a pretty hefty criminal price to pay if he were caught because it becomes a felony. All of that activity militarized the border. We are getting people across the border. This is a picture of the Border Patrol. Border patrol was around 4,000 in the early 90s. It is up to 23,000 agents. So it a large Law Enforcement. As you can see in the picture, they are highly equipped with all kinds of expensive lethal weapons and as the helicopter behind. This picture was taken by a Border Patrol photographer on the occasion of the officer having been shot in arizona. There was a huge response. This was in southeast arizona several years ago. It turned out two Border Patrol agents had shot at each other. They were in a field at night, and scared and apart from each other so they both shot and one died. It was a terrible thing but you wonder why would they just shoot in a dark field and they thing it is a migrant. They could have shot that person. Or maybe they good have shot local teenagers drinking beer. They are a huge presence in arizona. But the laws strengthened the Police Powers to report to Border Patrol. But Border Patrol, there is a whole hundred mile limit from the border where they are allowed to stop people without cause. People like me just driving up and down the road. There are checkpoints. They are allowed to do it. One Border Patrol agent said the constitution as an astric astrick a hundred miles within the border. You know about the hardware going up like the wall near coronado explorer walked in when it was one landscape. It is interesting to see the landscape. It really is one place but there is this law through it. This is a picture of the reservation here. You can see closeup here how difficult and deadly that desert can be for people trying to get through. Those post over there are called vehicle barriers. The reservation that shares 75 miles of border, the Indian Nation shares 75 miles with mexico and they have told the federal government that over their dead body, that is what the chairman said, will you build a big wall separating the traditional landscape of my ancestors because traditionally that land was one place. They have gone as far as allowing vehicle barriers so you cannot stop the cars. But that doesnt stop the pedestrians from going. And because this is a very remote spot, many migrants walk through there and this is including deportees trying to get back. It is the deadliest corridor in arizona. For years it was the deadliest in the nation. But brooks county, texas is coming up fast now. This is just another picture of Border Patrol performing a rescue that i was present for. They do have a four star Trained Medical unit and do save lives. How am i doing on time . Still okay . Okay. Because i do want to read you guys a little story. This is what the border looks like today. We have a great big new fence dividing the two areas now. It also is on the cover of my book. It is about 16feet high. It has pillars and it is pretty much incredible. There used to be this old fence where they used a blow torch with sheet metal and the Border Patrol was always patching it. But in 2011, we spent a lot of money to build this really tough wall. One interesting thing to me and i went down to there to write about it and east of the Border Crossing familys visiting through the fence. The Border Patrol wanted a seethru wall to see who might be trying to come over. Families visit through the border wall and do it regularly. There was a father on one side and the mother and the kids on the other side and the little boy was handing his school paper to his father in the United States. And i asked the Border Patrol not that i giving anything away. They said we are aware of that and they are supposed to transfer through official crossing and they would get in trouble if they were passing drugs but it seemed like they were staying away because it was families trying to meet and you hear about couples going on sunday to visit with the other spouse. And this is where i met a lot of the people in my book. It is a jesuit enterprise is run by an order of nuns who are walking saints. They run a special shelter for women who are particularly trau trau trau trau trau traumatized. I went there to talk to women who were traumatized. Two were mothers who were caught by Border Patrol and travelled at a hot time of the year, both of them said they almost died. There they were stuck, and they were saying what am i going to do now . My kids are over there. How can i cross the desert again. It was the worst thing that happened to me. That is what this organization does. It means food or soup kitchen. The migrants can go there two times a day and get a hot meal but just from a eight days. There are all of these services that sprung up but they cannot afford to just keep feeding everybody indefinitely. This is just another picture of the people so you can see it. Their spanish saying is all people have human rights. It is a very good enterprise. Probably those medical students visited when they were down there. I just want to finish up with a story from my book. One of the more tragic cases i wrote about sort of gives you the feel of what it is like to be deported and what that does to families. It is in a chapter i call woman without a country. One block from the looming border town in the town, customers at the lunch time crowd were reveling in ahold a holiday atmosphere. The place was decorated with plastic bunting in patriotic red, white and green. Mexican flags poked up everywhere. Families, husbands and wives, grandmothers and grandfathers, little kids in tow were getting the celebration started early over the carne asada during the work day. One grandfather carried her grand daughter over to see the bird at the cage on the floor and the babys eyes popped. Santiago seemed to be the only one in low spirits. She looked down at the slice of birthday cake and smiled. It wasnt much but that sliver of chocolate with pink icing on top was just about the bes thing that happened to her lately. Her american friends, immigrant advocates from tucson were trying to cheer her up with a lunch. Her 40th birthday was a few days ago and blake inspired the waitress to bring the cake to the cable and he even had candles for the prize. The waiter lit all six candles and she blew in to blow out the flames. They were trick candles and everything time she blew one out it flickered back on. She pulled the candles out of the cake and doused them in a grass of water with a laugh. The moment of beverty was brief. A nearby table, a little girl ventured away to look at the fluttering birds. The little girl was wearing a uniform and her hair in a black braid that trickled down her back. He grinned showing the gap with her teeth should have been. She looked over at the happy child and her parent and turned away. Tears filled her eyes. She had two kids of her own. A boy 15yearold luis and little joy just two. They were up in phoenix out of her reach, wrenched away from her the way ice descended on her home and took her away. She had not seen either of the children in almost a year. Since the day she was deported by the United States and dumped over the border in mexico. It was the third of november 2011, elana said in spanish to me, slumping a little at the table, ice came to my house. They didnt come inside. It was a school day and elana was up early as usual in her rental home in glendale getting her family ready for the day. She had a job at a store to get to. Luis was going to high school and her daughter tagged along with her to work. Among the million morning tasks she faced as a single mom she had to feed the pet. The family had two dogs, two cats, two turtles. I had a big yard. When she went out back to tend to them she heard odd noises coming from the front of the house. She came back in and when luis had his backpack on and her daughter zipped into her jacket elana opened the door and saw what she most feared. A platoon of ice agents armed gathered outside and a fleet of Law Enforcement vehicles idled in the road. They closed the street like i was a criminal she said trembling at the memory. There were a lot of cars, a lot of agents. Elana was terrified but buckled her toddler in the car seat and shoed her son into the car. At the moment she started to get behind the wheel, an agent called out her name on a mega phone broadcasting full blast for the neighbors to her. Elana santiago he bellowed. The officers came over and handcuffed her in full sight of the kid and marched her over to one of their suvs and locked them into the back. Seeing the mother in the hand of the police the kids started whaling. The police turned on the car radio so i could not hear the children. Inside the ice suv over the radio and the kid screaming the officer started asking questions. Are you pregnant . Sick . Taking medicine . Then who are you going to leave the kids with . Elana had no one who could help her. Her mother was dead. The kids fathers were out of the picture. She had only one real friend, a woman who was in no position to take in luis and camilla so the state called protective services the agency that takes abused, negle neglected and abandoned children and put them into the foster care. A cps woman arrived and leaned into her window and said do you want to sign the children over to us she asked and i said yes, temporarily elana responded. The cps worker turned to the kid, luis cradled his screaming sister in his arm and climbed in the cps van. In that moment of seeing her kids taken from her she rrm remembered the family pets, i said to one of the agents what about my dogs. My dogs are going to die. The agent turned to her and smeared who cares about the dogs . Elana trembled as she remembered the casual cruelty. Ten months later she had no idea what had become of the dogs, cats and turtles and the familys furniture, electronics, and clothes and car. The family divided into two weeks went their separate vehicles ways. Their children to cps and elena to ice. The kid van disappeared and she had not been allowed to even say good bye. At the ice lockup two officers tried to talk her into voluntarily signing an order of deportation. She knew better to agree and be deported across the International Line far from her kids and refused again and again. I kept saying i am not going to sign. Frustrated, the agents took matters into their own hands, literally. They grabbed her arms, one man pulled her left arm from behind her back and the other grabbed her arm. That other guy put my finger in the ink and forced me, demonstrating how the agent forced had her to make a finger print. They made me sign. Now the agents and the u. S. Government had everything they needed to deport elana from the county where she lived since she was a young teen and away from the country where she had given birth to her two children. Within hours, ice put her on a bus headed for the mexican border. Three hours and a 180 miles later she walks out through the line with other deportees, past the dusty cannons separating arizona from mexico, passed the border wall into the mexico. A country where she had not set foot in 27 years. She would get new news of her children for a month. I will end there. Just to tell you a little bit about her case. That was in 2012 when i first met her. She has not seen her son since. We are getting on to two and a half or three years since she was seen him. And only because she ran into actvivist and one that comes down to help migrants was she able to get in touch with cps because cps gave her a phone number. There she is no money and no phone or nothing. Every time she had the opportunity to call she didnt get a human being. So the activist took her in hand and helped her. And that woman is a social worker in tucson and works with migrants and was able to track down the kid and reestablish telephone contact with thechl the little girl was only two going on three and federal law requires you have to move quickly on adoption in foster care. So the state moved to sever her parental rights on the ground she wasnt able to take care of her child and that reason was because the United States deported her. There were no accusations of being a bad parent. That was precarious were a while. It looked like it would happen but eventually she got the little girl back and i will show you that picture. They had been a part for 14 months. I was there. I witnessed the reunion. That little girl was you know two when she was taken away and three when she got back. It is a great thing with mother and child reconnected. But as one of the activist told a hearing in tucson she said by the time mother and child were reunited they didnt even speak the same language. The child was placed in an English Speaking home and that is a huge chunk of time in a childs life. I went down there a number of times to see the elana and some months later it is rough. The damage is done. She was a stressed single mother living hand to mouth down there. She got a job at a nail shop. She had a little apartment. And this girl, you know, she was a lively handful child who was four by that time. A very poor person among the many masses of poor people in mexico and she was never able to come up with any documents to prove to the Mexican Government that she is who she says she is in the United States wont let her cross the border with her visa without that mexican passport so she is literally a woman without a country and also without her son. So thats all i have for you today. Happy to take questions. [applause] [applause] i and a junior at loyola and i was wondering when i talk to students in immigration they say it is the federal issue and i was wondering said you heard or seen of any action on the other side from the state level . Are there any statewide initiatives to support a path to citizenship . Said dispute between the state and federal government but the federal government was not doing its job and they were just obeying federal law to create a lot to allow them to enforce federal laws to argue but they lost to the Supreme Court and most provisions were turned over. If an officer stops a person for another reason, he or she cannot stop a person because that looks like a mexican or her them speaking spanish that is illegal to have to have a reason a criminal reason then upon investigation if they raise suspicions they may not be here legally that they are required to call Border Patrol and have a whole chapter in this book as an analysis and what we hear a lot with the initial crime the tail light is out for over the speed limit for driving three construction site she got confused with the orange cones so she went in one direction and the sheriffs deputy was there to tell her she was in the wrong lane when we see your license i dont have that give me your Social Security card at all have that then he called Border Patrol. So whether that is the pretext of the there is a lot of evidence to show they are but they have to have something said to governor is even more to the right. He increased his budget and pretty much decimated the university budget. Specifically dealmaking that has happened because day you know, what daca is deferred action for childhood arrivals if they are children than a graduate from high school they have permission to stage two years every state except arizona and nebraska the State Government has accepted that and they have permission to use day so the issue was stayed drivers license. To the previous governor fought and fought to denying the licenses that this is not permission to stay and she kept losing in the courts eventual the day dash get the licenses the dow the state has appealed to make sure the kids cannot drive. Rigo there was an opportunity to know but to be appealed unless there was conscious discrimination about the tail lights and certain neighborhoods or the evidence is accumulating that the police go into certain neighborhoods where youre more likely to find undocumented workers at. Cemetery is day theme in your books about children who came to the United States at a very young age and often parents being deported. Talk about the last chapter of your book. That the decision the parents made and which some of the activism is around that issue. You are probably aware the young dreamers are very savvy young activists in very good with the media and a social media with attention for their cause. One of the stories they mention that ive met that story is one of the most upsetting to me she was brought to the United States when she was a monthold by her mother and lived peacefully for many years she did not even know she was undocumented but she said her mother was mean because shed never to occur to disneyland. They stayed a whole lot but not until she got older she receive their raids on a television he was famous to break the tv cameras that she started to realize they were and documented in the mother less if i told her as a young teenager she goes to high school and a very good student and valedictorian but in arizona does not allow instate tuition and it got very expensive that they would be nearer to free as possible damages about 10,000 and for an outofstate it is well over 20,000 so that was out of sight for her Head Community colleges are not allowed to charge instate tuition socialist to go to college and she got a very bad guys from a High School Principal who said go back to mexico they have nyes universities there. They did not look into that before hand. But she got bad advice they left phoenix went to mexico city with total chaos in the Mexican University said we need signed documents from you and your highschool to have to go back and give them as proof they never went to high school. She exhausted every possibility then they thought it would be close to arizona but they were working in a migrant shelter the house is people for three days as a couple runs a day allow them to stay there but these people were very kind and allowed her to stay but they could not find any work ever getting more desperate so eventually she was contacted by mohammed was very active that the will to inaction we will get 12 dreamers to all aware that graduation gowns they have to be a High School Graduate we will march up to the border gates to ask for permission to come home from the United States. Is a huge media event they marched through the streets in their caps and gowns is a the clergy came of course, there were arrested with ask permission but it is very interesting the effect of publicity on these cases but they were released within about three weeks and bonded out with the ability of the deportation case misheard. Now she said i am not allowed to work because she is babysitting and i cannot drive. Her mother was still down there so they are separated but the mother is happy her daughter got back in. And she totally would have qualified for daca if they just didnt leave a few months later after a certain date in june that obama makes this announcement you had to be in the United States right now on this day to apply for daca and she was in mexico on the failed mission so it is a real sad story. A family that came to the United States with one daughter when she was one year old and they had another daughter two years later so they raised the to your the to the showgirls will be treated equally the older girl did not know she was not undocumented until she got to high school she found out she was not allowed to air dry from the france for getting their license and her sister is getting her license but she could not go to college. They did manage to scrape together the money for Community College to read to your program and her sister got her license and got a scholarship to the university of arizona and was said double major of psychology and linguistics and a great job working on a Research Project in inter dash graduate program and her sister is a waitress. So within now onefamily eupepsia disparity of opportunity and the mother feels guilty that she did this to her older daughter like i live here i cannot go back to mexico this is my country. It is very tragic. I am a graduate of psychology and you talk about the impact that deportation have on the family is to talk about trauma and wonder did you look at the psychological impact of that research . I havent personally i take them for what they say but there must be studies because theres so many mixed families. A social worker presented a paper one year ago but i am sure because it is such a prevalent issue after the great migration bbn but many families there are strange disparities. We do do research on mexican immigrant family is in many emerging area of research. Thereof lot of immigrants in chicago many people at the border are from chicago a lot of times they go home to visit their want to see their elderly parents then theyre stuck on the way back favor is a years ago we could get across. So there is a fruitful supply of people. Faq. He writes the stories of many immigrants but also from el salvador and a seat because of what is going on at that time there were many immigrants and refugees that came because of their involvement but to speak on behalf of humanrights literally will reserve a lot of immigrants we hear the stories everyday we have more daca and dreamers in the chicago so i can tell you that story. It is one part but the message with your book is the impact heavily on the family or the kids but how we have a relationship to that because it impacts all of us. Data now for everybody in their room knows someone that is cited undocumented but what do we do . It is good to know. With the history and the impact so how did you begin . Hour you inspired . I iran asking me the solution of. [laughter] i always tell a personal story however first got involved. I was very close to my father who is very proud of his Irish Heritage and he was then grandson of by Richard Branson had a tough time in the United States and died young and left my fathers father as an orphan that is part of my family story that i always wanted to hear about that. The he died in 1999 narrowed to big story and ive looked into with because i could confirm the oral history so wrote the stories of the irish migration and a few months later it was very emotional but i went to the border for the first five my went to douglas arizona. That was the summer of 2000 the refer started to hear it is not a good place to air travel through with the desert but the federal policy closed after crossing since ian diego that if you seal off the safe urban crossings immigration would stop because the area so forbidding in between there would not come then they were coming anyway and they were starting to die of large numbers for the first time. I went down to report on that in douglas arizona that was the immigration and highway at the time. It was a life changing experience for me a saw the helicopters, you cannot drive on the roads one for a guy was running through a field the plate after him with six guys hand looks like someone coming to chicago to be a busboy. Not a criminal it was like walking into a war zone. Just two hours from where i live and i also had the opportunity to set with a man whose young cousin had died in his arms that day they were from guatemala the young man that died was 23 years old after just a few hours in the desert. A very healthy young man. It is a very overwhelming experience but i do remember on the long drive home i was thinking about my father and i just immerse myself into the difficulty of the irish immigrants i kept thinking this is the same story. Different century, different people, but people are coming here mostly out of desperation and they are being reviled and treated badly with many bad results. The just impressed upon me so much to give me a personal connection to this story. Somehow this book was harder to write many maybe because they were dead but these were people having ongoing agony about the separation from their children that is the very difficult thing to write to i dont have the solution but as a reporter my job is what you know, im in a position to tell people that and the other thing about talking to people that people in trauma want to tell their stories and that is something i can offer is the empathetic year it is amazing after they have been threw something difficult so it is what i can do. What is the response to the crossing of the migrants . Has been difficult there under very pour preservation i spent three weeks with them so i am curious. The big battle but they have forbidden the federal government and they complain a lot they have the traditional crossings because it did not resist it looks like the occupied country now with Border Patrol everywhere they resent that a lot schenectady resent the migrants . They do it did say be a complicated issue. I have a chapter about that and there is some people in tucson that formed their group they are law abiding a always ask permission. Lots of open space they try to identify the common my current they tried and tried to get permission from the nation and to put it it out there and they said no nono. Their feeling is it attracts the migrants if you put water out there they are very poor and the Health Service is underfunded and they are stuck with a lot of the cost when somebody dies and the police by the body it is their job to transport the body to tucson with the medical examiner the designate office that receives the bodies to an autopsy on everybody found that is the job of any unusual death. A dead person in the desert is unusual but they have to do them then they bill the tribe a couple thousand dollars. Two savior already stressed with little employment and low in, all the people are coming through there are some dissidents fled to lineman mike wilson who is a tribal member, he was in special forces as a young man and he is making up for his past four years to put the Water Bottles out there anyway he had had a couple of tanks out there that he would have to replace them in their various episodes so he sponsors students and journalists onetime day kicked out 22 seminarians they gave them a lifetime billion but they cannot kick him out because he is a tribal member. It is complicated. It is the very sad case. You can see how stressed they are it is extremely complicated. Thank you so much for opening our hearts and minds to it very localized part of our country where the National Volumes are in conflict. I would like to make a comment that localized position is only a microcosm of a huge number of refugees and we know there are over 57 million refugees. People without access to their own home country right now in the world if were looking at 57 Million People looks like it in chicago and new york and mexico city and rome and all the population of every major city of the world. So read to we begin as a global family to embrace strangers as brothers and sisters rather than continuing to exist . A rhetorical question. [laughter] we were talking earlier about what happened last summer when all the women and children were coming through they were in tucson there were 90 mothers and babies and children and some of of those were upset as unaccompanied minors and our definition is not what their definition is. So to bring her sisters children with her and she was responsible. So as they are redefined redefined, there is criticism of the mothers themselves and certainly there were children who came along but their reaction to that basically there refugee people coming from a war zone from the stories that people have is terrible. Guatemalans it turns out has the highest murder rates in the nation and the response was legatees filthied diseased children and reminded me of the 19th century a jehovahs witness came to my door she said i heard on the radio that the children are diseased. Really . And we had an episode that was well publicized with the local residents was screaming at the mothers and children we had an episode like that and word got out the ice was bringing some of the children to the old this summer camp if that was true or not it was not determined but everybody came out to tour the bus away of the activist cave everybody was there with their sirens go back to your home country. You are not wanted within the activist would say so the only bus and never showed up was a school bus with little kids on their way to the ymca summer camp but that was very revealing. They redleg get these kids. These are our kids. What does that tell you . They were upset they head scare their own children but in terms of what i am concerned about as a lot of them are applying for asylum the process has not been moving smoothly there is the new Detention Center opened specifically for mothers of children in texas they double the rates they pay to get 124 per day for her but mother and child back to provide the services for children and other reports there was a whole overstrike a honegger strike. Go to apply for their asylum case but they are in the prison. But they tried to open a site in the Detention Center in chicago they would ask is have you feel about that . We would have to say how we felt about it. And we assess that