Collectively generate a solution for that. Detailed photographs of pluto and its moon over the next hour. Good afternoon, welcome to the John Hopkins University i am here from the office of communication. To set the stage for todays press conference please welcome to the podium associate administrator and science and director from washington, d. C. Dr. John grunsfeld. [applause] welcome, everyone. It is full auditorium here at the lab. I was worried no one would show up. Actually, i wasnt worried at all. Anybody get sleep last night . I am not hearing too many affirmations of a good night sleep. The team was probably excited about the data pass this morning as was i. I would like to take you on a discussion and i will not say a lot. The first image i would like to bring up was taken two hours ago by the Solar Dynamics observe tory. I think you know where we are going. Mercury, venus from there, if anyone doesnt recognize the next planet please leave the auditorium and we will escourt you to area 51. The red planet mars i had to get a hubble image in there somewhere. I realize i missed one. Jupiter which some of the moons and shadows. To saturn. What a wonderful mission chatty this is just striking. Neptune. And for a grand finale i turn it over to alan stern, the Principle Investigator of the pluto new horizons mission. [applause] before we turn it over to alan, i have a few words to say. Yesterday, americas Space Program took another historic leap for human kind. Today, the new Horizons Team is bringing what was previously a blurred point of light into focus. We have presentations from our panel. We will open up with questions with media here on social media, and we will go to the phone lines. You can join the conversation on social media, twitter, and facebook and if you have questions on social media send them to asknasa. The images and information you will hear today of course for more days and weeks will be online at nasa. Gov newhorizon. Allylan stern needs no introduction so i will go to the project scientist from the John Hopkins UniversityPhysic Laboratory followed by the coinvestigator in flag staff, arizona, and followed by kathy deputy project scientist from the southwest research institute. And john spencer, another new horizons coinvestigator from the southwest research institute. And with that, alan it is all yours. Thanks i had a good day yesterday. How about you . [applause] new horizontal is now more than a million miles on the other side of pluto that is how fast we are moving. Having the closest approach yesterday morning. The spacecraft is in good health communicating with the earth again for a number of hours this morning beginning about 5 50. We got data from the five scientific instruments already and we will report on some of those results but we are just skimming the top of it. There is a lot in just the things we will talk to you about. We have big news. From the first resolve image of plutos outer most moon the discovery that chiron has been active. Go ahead. [applause] and there are mountains in the belt. This system is amazing. All of your news today relates to the surfaces of pluto and its satellite. We will talk more about the surfaces in the precedent on friday down at nasa Head Quarters but we will bring in atmosphere results as well. I got a great data set to the ground from it solar operation in which we are learning things about plutos atmosphere so stay tuned for friday on that. With that, i am going to turn it over to our project scientist and howl will give you some hydrotherapy. Thank you, very much. This is going to be awesome images you will see in a new minutes. Pluto has four small moons as well we want to collect data on. Starting from closest to pluto and going out is sticks nicks and two others. This morning we got the first really well resolved images of one of them. This is shown scale two miles per pixel. This is about the same number of pixels that we had across pluto in midjune. We are acstatic about this. Prior to the new horizons revealing here we were totally uncertain about how big this moon was. It could have been 20 miles across to almost a 100 miles across. New horizons has made it easy. This counts the number of pixels across. 28 by 19 miles and it is not a planet. 30 larger in one dimension than the other. Variations in the brightness of the surface you can see. This shows what we did here was actually subsampling the image so it is four time subsampled to take away the pixilated look. As well as contour showing the brightness and changes. They took cuts across the measure the approximate places where you have the longest dimension in the green and shortest dimension in the yellow. The surface is surprisingly large. 45 reflectivety. So about 45 of the sun light is reflected way. And that can only mean that the moons surface is probably composed primarily of water ice. That is the only way to get it that bright. And that is cool. It is intermediate between chiron and pluto. A nice thing we have coming up is more observations of the moon with an entire resolution about two or three better and we are looking forward to those. But it is great. We have already seen it revealed and it looks interesting. Thank you. Very nice. [applause] will grundy leads the Composition Team and he is going to report results they have obtained. Okay. So the ralph instrument is the one we rely on for surface composition. It is composed of a color camera and infra red camera called lisa. We dont get any data from either of those instruments yet. This is data coming in the safely data sets overnight from the 12th13th. This is a base map. You can see the heart region is rotating on. This was a little while ago. This is an overlay of lisa data. So what i did was each of those large pixels about 150 kilo kilometers is an infra red pixel. These colors are just three in infra red wave lengths. We could make a variety of color maps to pull out specific compositional information. This familiar one is focused on methane. I put a band into the the blue color channel, a continuing region in the green channel, and a much stronger methane band in the red channel. And i am showing at lower resolution than the color yesterday the diversity of terrain. What i will do now is pick out a couple specific regions although you can see there are many different regions here. These two regions of interest one is 3 by 3 pixel box and another is in a dark region. I can focused on the polar cap and the other the time region. You can see the spectrums are different. They both have methane. But the overall shape of the spectrum is very different. We can really extend modeling here and thinking about what they tell us. There is a lot of information. We only have a small subset of the lengths at this point because we dont have the bandwidth to get more down. This is provided a lot of information on the different regions and how they work. Thank you, will. [applause] yesterday we showed you a Beautiful Image of pluto made just before the closest approach and sent to the ground. Today we will show an image of similar resolution on the big satellite and deputy science project manager is going to discuss those results. I thought chiron might be a terrain covered in craters. Many people thought that might be the case. Chiron blew our socks off today. If you can pull it up so we can take a look [applause] we have been thrilled all morning. The team has been a buzz. Look at this or that. That is amazing. I will walk you through the things we see in the image and tell you what you what we are thinking about. I will start in the north and work down. You saw the darkish area at the north pole. That is called mordore and that is the darkest area near the pole. You can see this is a natural color image. The red color extends beyond the deepest part of the polar region. We think the dark coloring could be a vieneer. You can see the location at the north pole where a crater has perhaps dug into that region and excavated underneath it. So you can see those brighter regions that may be craters. You can say that area is polygon shape as well. Going from the northeast to the southwest is a series of troughs. And that is striking and amazing to see this image. They extend about 600 miles across the planet. This is a huge area and it could be due internal processing and we will look at that in more detail. Just below the region the line you see cutting across from the northeast to the southwest, more eastwest than north south, is a region where it is relatively smooth and less craters. Two teachers near the top at the two oclock position you can see a canyon. You can see a notch where you are looking through to visit space on the other side. That is about four to six miles deep. I find it fascinating. It is a small world with deep can canyons, troughs, cliffs and dark regions that are myster hazardous hazardousmysteracrobatics i mysterios to us. There is no much interest science in this one image alone. We have higher resolution image we will get that will not cover the whole chiron but cut across the northern part it will get the dark area and it will be about the factor of better resolution. As we have been saying pluto did not disappoint. I can add that karen did not disappoint either. Thank you. [applause] well, yesterday when we showed that Beautiful Image of pluto, we noted we would have imagery with ten times the resolution on the ground by today. In fact john is going to tell us about the first frame on the ground already. We have a bunch of High Resolution pictures on board the spacecraft. This is just one small part of one of those observations. This is amazing image. But we are now focused on small details on this amazing world. Before i go tonight, i should say that we have an informal name for the heart. The heart is a good name but we want to honor and discover those in pollute and we are calling it reggio. [applause] if i can have the slide back. We will focus near the bottom of the image near the day night line where we have shading that shows the relief in sharp focus. We will focus on the narrative to the left of the bottom of the frame. If we can run the movie now. Zoom in on this area. [applause] that was our reaction too. So the whole of this is regions around it covering a variety of terrains, and this is the first thing that caught our tension. This area from the scale bar is about 150 miles across. We have seen features as small as half a mile. You can see the apl campus on this image. The most stunning things well there are many, but the most striking geologically is we have not found an impact crater. This means it is very young because pluto has been bombarded by others. We are eyeballing it thinking it is less than a hundred million years old which is a small fraction of the four and a half billion year age of the solar system. With no craters, you cannot guess how old it might be. These are spectacular here. They are up to 11,000 feet high. There may be higher ones elsewhere. We know the surface of pluto is covered in nitrogen and ice. You cannot make mountains from that. So we are seeing the bed rock or the bed ice of pluto. We are seeing the icy crust of waterized, Strong Enough for pluto temperatures to hold big mountains and that is what we think we are seeing here. The nitrogen and methane are coat coating on top and we are seeing that here. We see features on the moons and this decimation of the gravity here is interaction with other moons. This is telling us you dont need this to power ongoing recent activity on the icy world. It is an important discovery we made this morning. [applause] i know this is just the first of many amazing lessons we get from pluto and there is going to be more on friday. We will have more of this mosaic to show you on friday that will show equally amossazing things. I will followup on the same image so we can leave it up here to enjoy and i will tell you a couple other implications we reached. To expand on what john said we have an isolated small planet that is showing activity after four and a half billion years. We thought this might be the case after voyager two discovered orbiting neptune has no impact craters. But we were not sure for the reason john said. It is only now that tidal energy could have powered activity due to making into could have been towering the activity. This cant be the case and we settled the fact these planets can be active after a long time. It will send people back to the drawing board to understand how to do that. There is another implication and sometimes things work out in science, a couple months ago in may, kelsey singer who is a postdoc on the project and myself submitted a column to the science journal making predictions. The steep topagraphy means the mountains must be made of water ice. Even before the team says they found places where the nitrogen veneer has been scraped off and we see ice on pluto we can be sure water is there in great abundance and it is was predicted by models but it is nice to see it driven home. The other thing it means is the volatiles have just a frosting and a veneer on the surface. The sticky point in this is plutos atmosphere is being lost to space at a rate of 1027th molecule per second and over the age of the solar system that corresponds to the loss of an equivalent lnt layer of 3 kilo meters of oxygen. If we only see veneer and we know what is going on what kelsey and i predicted in that paper, is if we saw steep to topogography it must be driven up through geysers or another process that is active. We have not found geysers and we have not found volcanos but this is strong evidence that will send us looking as we get more data to look for evidence of these phenomenal events. That paper submitted in may was accepted today interestingly enough. How is that . [applause] the results telling you now because she is watching. That summarizes the primary things we want to tell you about the data that landed this morning. Each of these images and data sets have a lot more to tell us about plutos history and about small planets and how they are formed and evolved. I want to make one more comment about tom roggio. We could see the heart many miles out and resolving the planet a little better than hubble can do from three billion miles away. Because this is the brightest and most prominent feature on the planet that is why we want to informally call it tombaugh reggio. [applause] ladies and gentlemen, before we take questions from the media here and on the phone lines of social media, i want to take a moment to say it has been a remarkable week. It has been magical as we transition from the John Hopkins University applied Physic Laboratory to nasa Head Quarters for press conferences the world has been watching. Dr. John grunsfeld, five time astronaut and repair man and head of the directory of more than almost a hundred missions he is a household name and household nationally and internationally. Alan stern, yes you are, on the new Horizons Team and the john hopkins applied Physic Laboratory household name show the world how much you appreciate that and what they have done this week with the nice and loudest you can round of applause for their accomplishments. [applause] [applause] okay. Lets get to the questions. If you can raise your hand high we have a full house. I want to get as many as you can clearly. Lets start here. And wait for the mike and give your name affiliation. Ilene thanks. My first question is for kathy does the realization that sharon is active have implications for the origin theory of being splat off others . I dont know yet. So off the top of my head the first thing is that i was thinking we would see like craters and that would tell us something about how long ago it cratered. The fact we dont so the craters makes that difficult to do. But i dont know that yet. We will fit it together and see what it means. We are making progress right now. That is my answer. Just briefly, we dont know how many craters are on this. This image is being com pp presspressed and we get better images tomorrow. Speculating now will be embarrassing. But sharon would have been beneficial in the impact. All of the materials to form chiron would have been worn. This looks more recent. So we have a story that we have someway of keeping heat and activity going for quite a long time. Rick love free lance those mountains look big. Any theory of how they originated . Are they volcanos . Or tetonic . They are about 11,000 feet high. We dont know yet. They look to be tens of thousands of miles wide. They stack up against the Rocky Mountains or other significant ranges here on earth. We want to see more about the distribution and we are going to get so much data soon we are still cracking at it. Just to follow ilenes question, the large gash across chiron, is that related to a title spinning or is this plus the smooth areas inside . We have to count the craters and have better images to do that. We know there are not many craters but in terms of the timing we will need bet images. Chip reed with cbs news. Dr. Stern, i would like to ask you a question with no scientific words in it. I interviewed you before the fly by and the only prediction you made was he would see something wonderful. Have your expectations been met . What is the most wonderful thing we have seen so far . I will give you a technical answer you think . I think the whole system is amazing and my prediction written 20 years ago on a slip of paper in a vanilla envelope was proven right. The pluto system is something wonderful. Bill . Yeah question for kathy bill with cbs, the structure of that dark Northern Region on this photo is so much more six areas within that area. Does this inform anything about the pluto atmosphere transfer salts we have been talking about and how the trail is deposited it on the surface . There is definitely different subregions inside that region. You can see it on the pictures if you zoom in you can see it in more detail as well. There a number of theories about what the dark region might be. I dont know that the distribution of the darker parts within it actually in detail inform that. To really inform that i am looking forward to getting the images back from the ralph instrument. And if that is a basin it will be obvious and it is a raised plateau that would mean Something Else. Nick from wide magazine. With regards to both the features on pluto and charon what could be powering active geology . We think we well okay let me think. As you can tell we have a couple options. One would be, that radio active material inside pluto and charon is inside any body made up of the solar system stuff and radio active heat is powering a lot of the geology on the earth but the earth is bigger and keeps the heat. This may say even small bodies if icy radio active heat is enough to produce this activity. But there may be ways it can store heat for long periods of time. Maybe you can have an ocean that is gradually freezing and releasing heat into the crust and that can power the heat. Whether the heat generation is ongoing or still living off this reserve of stored energy from its formation is for more work to decide. One thing we can say for sure is tidal energy is not at work and we know that because pluto and charon are in equal librium. It is spinning at the same rate pluto spins. So there is no Significant Exchange of tidal energy anymore. That process, according to models, took place pretty quickly after the giant impact. Very small fraction of the age of the solar system. That is not contributing to the Energy Budget currently. We have to get more clever. We will take three questions so i can get to as many media. Then we will go to the phone line and take a couple questions from social media and come back here. One. I am one of the people in the room that can remember when the first pictures came back from mari mariner four and you could hear the balloons popping and it is not like earth. Craters and atmosphere is thicker. I dont hear balloons popping today. It seems pluto is pretty much the kind of world we thought it was going to be. Would you like to comment on that and is that because we are that much further along . I would say i am completely surprised and disagree with the statement. I didnt expect chiaron to show the variety of surface it shows us. That is a balloon popping and complete surprise. In addition i think having one image of about one percent of the surface of pluto the planet and mountain ranges like the rockies and a balloon popping. My colleagues might disagree. Why dont we ask them . Who would have thought there were ice mountains . It is just blowing my mind. We had a hard time finding evidence of water ice on the surface of pluto. We havent yet. We have are going to have data reveal that but that is the only way to get the huge mountains. That is a big surprise, i think. I can speak to that. The image yesterday showing the diversity of com scissional units on the surface and the diversity showing mortphing points to prophecies and we thought it was a few prophecies and now it is much more complicated and this is leading to a power of processes that are working in different ways on different parts of the surface. That is amazing and this is going to keep us busy for a long ways to come. I would never have believed the first picture of pluto didnt have a single impact crater on it. Emily from the planetary society. I am wondering if you can read the spectra for us and see if you see dents and squiggles. And it is time to consider maybe the charon could have formed recently . All of the dips are methane ice and the other features are subtle and will require model to pull them out. Just drawing your eyes to the right hand side of it. You can see it going down to almost zero. The red one doesnt go down to zero. That tells me there is Something Else present in the red terrain that scatters light where methane absorbs strongly. There is an example of these things. You can corner me later and we can chat as long as you want about this stuff. I dont want to put people to sleep. But there is a huge amount of information in the data. Okay. Lets go to the phone line. I believe we have a question on the phone line. Caller https 18miles. Wordpress. Com 2010 05 20 pleasestop sayingcommittedsuicide the spectrum that was referenced and a question from a alan stern. What specification are you going to get and how will you be able to map it up against the terrain . Some of the stuff is looking like waste i saw teaching organic chemistry. Will you map where it is coming from and down to specific organic chemicals . I had a hard time. It wasnt loud enough. Keith, can you speak and repeat the question . Caller how much specifications will you have in assessing the surface features and seeing specific organic chemicals mapped against the features. I can the question is how well we will be able to determine the composition of the surface and spot other organics on the surface. We will have High Resolutions compared to what we are showing you here. About a hundred times not quite a hundred times, but we will have roughly 510 kilometer range. So in every pixel we can look at things smaller. We will not look at large blocks of terrain but look at the interfaces of the planet and looking at the craters that are windows to the interior. I will let will speak to the organics we can find. Argone is a good example of this. We cannot detect it because there is no vibration in the wave length. The alice instrument can see it in the atmosphere but on the surface we are blind. It is a mixed bag. We will be able to learn a lot more than what we know today. Can i add to that . A couple examples of what we could expect to find. Sure, so the carbon chain with hydrogen stuck, we could distinguish between propane and methane and so on. We can look at hydro carbon and distin distinct features. I was going to add there is other ices that have features in this region. There is waterized Carbon Monoxide ice, and nitrogen ice. You can see slopes across the spectrum. Things that dont have sharp features you can identify they are there by the infra red spectrum. Lets see what is going on in the social media world. It is a buzz so we will turn it to emily. I am not nasa Head Quarters from and we have a lot of questions. The first is from david and he asks, what if anything, can we learn about our own planet from what new horizons is providing . We expect the data sets will teach us about the formation of the earthmoon system. We will get Atmosphere Data sets and let us study the escape of plutos atmosphere. The swap instrument combined with the alice instrument give us constraint on the escape rate. Pollutes atmosphere is escaping from a process that you just dont find on any other planets in the solar system. The most interesting thing is the same process did operate in the early atmospheres of a number of planets including the earth. In fact the earth is believed to have lost its original helium envelope so we were never able to study this. By going to pluto and observing the process and determining how fast the atmosphere is escaping and knowing the input conditions, the solar flux at the time we made the flyby for example, and the radiation environment in the plasma will give us a good handle for thefirst time on the numerical models used to understand the earth. This has application do is the loss of water from early mars as well. We are looking forward to learning things from the pluto system that will ultimately translate into the a better understanding of other planets in the solar system we are taking two more questions. I know some folks have been raising hands for a long time. I want to get to you. If the mike handlers know someones hand has been raised give them the mike. Lets go back to social media. Two questions and we will come back. This is from herald. He is asking how large of a percentage of pluto is going to be viewed by new horizons and will there be any blind spots . I am happy to take that. We are going to cover the entire eluminated part of pluto. All of the parts that rotate into view. It takes 6. 4 days for pluto to rotate so some at higher resolution. Some terrain at higher resolutions than other. But just like on earth when you have the winter pole and it is darker the sun doesnt rise so that winter pole of pluto we will have to make a special observation to try to observe that. We will use the light going from the sun and reflecting off plutos large moon charon and reflects pluto. Charon is feeble and we will do the best detail with those images. We are looking back toward the sun with the sun in our eyes to make it more difficult. We will have fun pulling details out of that but we will do our best. Thank you. One more. Sure. This question is from will. How do you think pluto is able to maintain its own geo activity foresee for so long . If you have silica rocks, and pollute pretty much has to to make the density come out right because water ice is not dense enough. It comes for uranium and various elements that give off heat as they decay. The naive expectation, or naive in hindsight was a world this size wouldnt get enough heat to drive this kind of activity. Now we see it can. Or there is a lot of heat in an internal ocean. As the internal ocean freezes that liberated the heat and it will tend to make the world expand in size because ice is larger than liquid depending on which phase of ice you make which would also produce features like this. I want to thank the world for sending questions to asknasa and following the project. Back to the questions about the situation. It is strange to the terrain and thank that looks like a fault. I dont know about the stage it looks really right and it is really strange. The piles of stuff with grooves on it. The little spots that we can say more about. This is being erosion and mountain building. This is baffleling in a very interesting and wonderful way. I hope that when we get more information we can figure it out. Do you see a pattern to that might suggest the formation of those mountains . Are they being pushed up like bridges . Dancing around the edges, you can see the ridges informally. The terrain is at the base and that is where this is. This is a view of more of the surface. Ann marie. Some of the features on the very good resolution square are kind of long and thin. I dont think it would be a lava flow and yeah. But, yeah there a lot of parallel features as you say and maybe it is falling into surface of some strange erosion but we will have fun figuring it out. I am not sure if the fact area is covered at High Resolution but we will have more detailed images of the area and other areas nearby when all of the data comes down. Leo . Leo with irish television. Your finding on internal heating today. Are they a game changer for the way we should be thinking about other objects in the belt . I am thinking in particular if i could take it to the extreme does it raise the prospects of water world out there . Does it increase the excitement about what we might see out there . We have a cluster here. Josh vogel, new scientist we had not talked about the familiar stones called we could think of as analogous. Is that because they dont look similar enough . We already no from exploration. Well as we are starting to make those the 1st thing is, this does not look like triton the world we have thought up to now. Does not have this kind of rugged terrain. It has materials but does not look at all like this. Something very different about the tony geometry. Sharing muchgeometry. Sharing much a little bit like some of the most of uranus. Aerial where we have invoked the meeting. As i said, we see now that we can get these kind of activities on wheels that do not have by leading. We have to go back and look at those. Add to that, part ofthat part of the reason your not hearing us a pluto looks like this or that world is because pluto has so much diversity. Seeing so many different futures. Lots of different processes. We will probably end up falling apart. This part resembles that but theyre is nothing like it. It will take two quick questions and then end. Lets see if we can follow them up. Thank you. This question may be for alan or whatever you want to delegate to. Hydra activity, 11,000 feet tall. I am wondering today in the Mission Operations room how that feels to see ishis come down command to open it and no that yesterday you had one and now you have something ten times better and tomorrow it will get betters. [laughter] a lot of questions. You dont understand anything. Honestly a few days before most of the purchasing. Finally getting tofinally getting to the safer we can see geography and topography. Now i can characterize the individuals something close to bedlam. Particularly today. Particularly today, our biggest challenge. Living on less sleep. Imagery came down. Just before 6 00 a. M. Began nine hours later. More data coming down today. Many times it is wrong to work with the data and discuss. Within the next time we come back and talk to you, a week later still. This is our off the press. I dont think anyone of us could have imagined. This is what we came for. Physics easily came for. Take us home. Last week i was surprised by the difference in color. Have you seen anything that is beginning to inform the question . Purchase mark on the image color contrast and pluto surface. The highresolution and colorencoder data sets. Something was making these two words very different. One is any other is colored in these volatiles. It is a puzzle, a real puzzle. This is just the beginning. We will transition to the next News Conference at 1 00 p. M. Eastern on friday. More information going out tomorrow. Follow the mission and the incredible images and information on social media. Join the conversation, follow the conversation. Asked nasa and all the information is online. It has been a remarkable week. Nasa, new horizons and applied physics lab. Truly household names throughout the world. Thank you for joining us. Uri. Mr. Blunt i ask to address the senate as if in morning business. The presiding officer without objection. Mr. Blunt needless to say yesterdays announcement about our ongoing stature and status with iran is, in my view, a dangerous step forward in advancing not only the Illicit Nuclear program that theyve had until now but the Clear Nuclear weapons capability they had under this agreement. I think the agreement confirms the president was too willing to get a deal with iran at any price. The concessions made by the administration based on the starting point of these discussions, i believe to be stunning. All we have to do is go back maybe and just review a little bit of recent history to see that today irans advancement of instability, of terrorism of violence in the world continues unabated and not hampered by the agreement that has just been announced. In the nottoodistant tomorrow we see all of those things still continue unabated and unfortunately much better positioned and much better funded than they are right now. Supported by iran, assad and syria has been massacring his own people resulting in the deaths of at least 191,000 people in syria. Thats according to the u. N. And thats according to u. N. Numbers a year ago. Assad stepped forward to praise this agreement supported by iran shiite militias are continuing to support assad and promote division and violence throughout the country of iraq. Supported by iran, Houthi Rebels have seized key territory in yemen and continue to work to destabilize that country. Supported by iran, hezbollah and lebanon wages terrorism and calls for the annihilation of israel. Supported by iran, Palestinian Terrorist groups in Gaza Continue to lob mortars and rockets into israel. Last april irans Islamic Revolutionary guard navy stopped a marshal islands flag ship as it tried to go into the straits of hormuz. And this is at a time when iran is strieg to get major is trying to get major countries in the world to negotiate with them. Iran continues to hold its hostages within any reasonable way of finding hostages. Three americans abedini former u. S. Marine amir kontaki. Washington post journalist Jason Rezaian they remain totally uncooperative in helping to locate former f. B. I. Official robert levinson. When the secretary of state is asked about why these people werent part of the negotiations he says, well, this was negotiation about Nuclear Weapons but not about people unlawfully and wrongly detained. Well it quickly became a negotiation about not just Nuclear Weapons but all kinds of other weapons that we have prevented the iranians from having access to in a worldwide marketplace that that quickly was added to the topic but we couldnt get three americans released and find out more about one american than we know now. The concessions laid out by yesterdays announcement were also, i thought pretty stunning. On the idea of uranium enrichment the Obama Administration said a year and a half ago that iran didnt have the right to enrich. In november of 2013, the secretary of state told abc news quote we do not recognize the right to enrich. Its clear in the nonproliferation treaty, its very very clear that there was no right to enrich. End quote. Under the agreement iran is allowed to enrich. Inspections, the president said we would have to be able to verify irans compliance or irans cheating through anywhere at any time inspections. Its widely understood that any good deal must allow inspections trust but verify. The president may say thats there but its clearly not there. In fact last p april the president S Deputy National security add add advisor proudly proclaimed under this year we will have anywhere any time 24 7 access to Irans Nuclear facilities. As a turns out under this deal inspectors will be forced to wait up to 24 days for access to suspicious sites once they ask for access to suspicious sites. That is a brandnew definition of anywhere any time. Possibly you can have access in 24 days, and obviously lots of things can and would change in 24 days. Militarily the president said we would disclose and find the possible military dimensions of the research and where irans illegal Nuclear Program headed. The president said this information is critical to knowing what irans true breakout potential and their true intentions would be. Under this agreement however the option of examining the possible military dimensions of irans Nuclear Program is off the table. Sanctions the administration said is that removing all sanctions was a nonstarter until iran demonstrated that its complying with the agreement. A little over a year ago in march 2014, secretary kerry said irans not open for business until iran is closed for nuclear bombs. However, we know now that iran will in fact be open for business much sooner than that, this deal will not only allow them to be open for business but theyll be rewarded with hundreds of millions of dollars worth of sanctions relief return of assets that didnt have to be returned. And under this agreement all sanctions, even those related to arms missiles and proliferation will be removed. Not be suspended. These will be removed. We have some of the most aggressive arms suppliers in the world in iran now being given access is to all kinds of arms that they couldnt get legally or easily up till now. All economic and banking sections as well as those imposed on transport on insurance, on Petrochemical Industries and valuable materials will be removed. Dismantling, the president said that iran would have to dismantle its illegal Nuclear Program. In december of 2013, the chief negotiator Wendy Sherman told pbs that a final agreement should include quote a lot of dismantling of their infrastructure. End quote. Yet under this deal, were seeing that irans program will in fact almost all be preserved not dismantled. The length of the agreement the p5 plus 1 initially speculated and stipulated that iran must accept restrictions on its Nuclear Program for 20 years plus another 25 years and then later they said 20 years plus another 10 years. Finally their last offer was just 20 years, which was in the end reduced to 10 years. And i think over the next 60 days as people read the fine print of the agreement they might find out that its even less than 10 years. But they certainly know now that its not 25 20 years plus 25 years, mr. President. This is a bad deal for the United States and one that will embolden our enemies jeopardize the security of our allies, further lead our friends to not believe they can trust us, and our enemies not to be afraid of us. What worse place could we be in in a dangerous world than that . The stated goal of the negotiations was to ensure iran never develops the capability to produce a nuclear weapon. Why he want, the president agreed to a yet the president agreed to a deal that does just the opposite. By allowing iran to become Nuclear Weaponscapable and failing to provide for any time, anywhere inspections this deal gives iran a free pass to cheat at its military sites and no access to u. S. Inspectors. Meanwhile, just last week