Institute of Global Politics a few months ago. At that time, i would say we have done more than some institutes do in years. Of course thats not surprising, given who our leader is secretary clinton herself likes to say, if you want something done, ask a busy woman to do it. [laughs] and i have. From our very first conversations around igp, hilary and i were aligned on a plan. We wanted to learn the institute and then turned to one of the most important and most overlooked topics there is ■the equal participation of women. We were determined to approach this not a as a core focus of i. Now when i became dean of sipa, we identified fivecient global. Each of them is a womens issue. When women are included in the peace process, agreements are more likely to be reached and to last. Geopolitical stability is a womens issue. From the talibans efforts to end Girls Education in afghanistan, to abortion bans around the world and in states across the united states, attacks on womens rights are oen early indicators of democratic backsliding. Democratic resilience is a womens issue. Women girls are more likely to depend on natural resources, and less likely to survive with Natural Disaster strikes. At the same time, women are leading efforts to adapt and ta aexperts estimate that if we closed the Global Gender Gap in workforce participation, we could grow gdp by 20 trillion. Inclusive prosperity is a womens issue. Pay 5 of women and girls around the world have experienced Online Harassment and abuse. Technology is a womens issue. Challenges a womens issue, and addressing these challenges through that lens is an urgent imperative. We are launching igps Womens Initiative to do just that. The Womens Initiative will produce rigorous Actionable Research and policy proposals around four somatic pillars womens economic opportunities, womens health, womens safety and, and womens leadership, democracy and humans writes, all in the service of advancing full and equal participation. Because of these issues affect not just women, but all of humanity, its not en y internationally,e leverage the same global to global approach will bring to all of our work here at igp. Because these complex telling demand collaboration, we are leveraging the power we here to bring together great minds share ideas. And because it is not enough to produce scholarship that gets talked about within university wallswe need to ensure data and evidence are translated into policy and practice. As you can imagine, launching an effort this ambitious takes a village, and i want to thank a few members of ours. First, president emeritus lee for believing and supporting what igp could become from the very beginning, and for appointing many women to positions of leadership at the university, including myself. And it is sp■ecial to launch ths initiative at this moment at columbiaowniversity is led by its first female president , who is a wonderful friend to sipa and igp. Thank you to the trustees at ca university, some of whom are hereev t5may wnce and support have been so valuable and meaningful to late and to us, and to the sipa Advisory Board members who are here today. You leadership in partnership is so critical to our swo . Uccess. A very special emerita ann kaplo has been at the forefront to support women and womens issues are at columbia for the better part of two decades. Re proud to have her as a founding donor of this initiative. You. I know you are watching via the livestream. This means a lot. I am also proud to announce something very cool. We have a new partnership with the clothing brandwe are joininl innovative research, education and outreach programs aimed at advancing opportunities for women worldwide and across different sectors. So, stay tuned for more information later on in the program. But let me just think theory for being such a powerful believer in women. And lastly, when you look in the room and the incredible lineup that we have, you know that some people have been working aroundtheclock to make this happen. And indeed, this group is our Incredible Team at sipa. Christina, lauren, katie,racheld many others who have contributed today. Thank you. You deserve a big round of applause. [applause] now if there is one person who embodies what it means to advocate for womens full and equal participation, it is, of course, Hillary Rodham clinton. In beijing in 1990, she turned the worlds attention to the status of women and girls and send a powerful message that has echoed across the decades womens rights are human rights. Hillary, on behalf of all the women who are heretless more wk doesnt even begin to cover it. It is an honor of a lifetime to do this work alongside you and to call you a friend, a coteacher our sipa family. Please join me in welcoming him clinton. In welcoming hillary clinton. [applause] secretary clinton thank you very much, keren, and thanks to all of you for being here for this launch. Its a very exciting day here at igp and sipa in columbia, because we really b have a lastr beyond the walls of the university. But let me start by saying very clearly, that simply embracing the concept of womens rights right in laws and constitutions, is not the same as achieving full equality. Rights are nothing without the power to claim them. And again and again, especially in recent times, we have seen anger, hostility, sexism and misogyny directed at women who have the identity to seek power. Deepseated biases are even harder to change than discriminatory laws. So it is no coincidence that while we have made progress in areas traditionally associated with women such as health care cation, we have struggled to match the progress in the politics, and democracy, and national security. And i admit i find this frustrating, because when was in beijing, as keren has a reference, and i declared that womens rights were human rights, my daughter chelsea was 15 years old. I very much wanted to raise her in a world where women were free and equal. Now she has grown sons of her o. She is doing her own very important work to fight for justice and equality. And i still find myself reminding people that womens rights are human right. I hope that would be old news by now. I still see women girls bearing it is a fortunate burden in almost every global crisis. And when the internet and social media gave us new ways to connect, they also gavenew waysn women. But when i find myself in moments of frustration or weariness, i like toto women like the ones you will hear from today. And to be n rem for and the powe have to make change. Women are not just victims of of peace and progress. And the women we will hear from today just a few of the remarkable women working across this university, across this country, indeed, across this world to liberate themselves, lift up their communities, and find new ways to build momentum towards equality. As we conceived this institute, there was never a question that we would not integrate womens perspectives in everything we were doing. There was to be nohv siloing of womens issues. Womens issues are, as keren just reminded us, world issues. It we need a reminder still, why do we need another projectren ge insight as tohat we believe will make igp different. We will produce policy recommendations, the coveting of smart Inspiring Women with expertiseto move forward. The training of the next generation of women leaders, and yes, men who believe in equality too. But the real answer is we need this igp Womens Initiative because women are not free or equal yet. So we welcome you, and i am particularly pleased that her Royal Highness princess is here. She has been a great leader globally in womens inclusive economic want this to be a globl outreach to learn what we can learn from anywhere and anybody across the wld. So to get us started, please welcome stacey abrams, the Ronald W Walters and down to p chair r for race and black politics at harvard university. A former georgia governor, and igp carnegie distinguished fellow. Secretarygeneral ramonda, former governor of of the Commerce Department, and a staunch adcaten and economic pr. And our moderator, professor olatunde johnson, Ruth Bader Ginsburg 59 professor of law at Columbia Law School and igp affiliated faculty. These are just of the Extraordinary People that we will hear from this afternoon. Please welcome them. [applause] professor johnson thank you and welcome everybody. So this panel isyxeconomy. We have already queued up issues on some of theap that remain, economic gaps, but also the role of women in various powerful positions and their ability to shape Public Policy in a way that addresses those gaps. I a lawyer, what i think of the most courts and legislation. Rough this panel about another part of law and policy which is really thinking about the ways in which you can have federal policy, state and local policy be shaped in a way that actually advances equality, right, so you could call them equality directives. I will say very little and turn it over to the panelists to talk about some of the promising initiatives. I again, you will see this theme. We will start with what happens at thend then move onto the ways in which at the state and local level, we can take some of these federal initiatives, supplemented them and think about them in new ways. I was going to start with the secretary. So, since the beginning of the administration, that has really been a lot of newprograms, new d into the economy through things like the infrastructure act, the chips and scienceew a; ct. We will explain some of these acronyms as we go along the inflation reduction act. One challenge is, how do you make those and shape those in the way that works for women and for people of color, a kind of idea around them of the federal programs like new deal programs, for instance, is they shape the economy in a male model and white model, you have been trying to disrupt that in various ways. I wonder if you could say how these grams are being transformed and working for women and women of color. Sec. Raimundo thank you. Hello everybody. It is nt we were reading and could feel the energy in the room. This is one of my favorite topics. My view is if you put women in charge of everything, everything will be better, so i am very excited to be here with mycy, wg time ago. Le president bidens leadership is nothing short of a started. Because of that, we have, as you say, about 1 trillion that we in america in the economy and in communities which will create hundreds of thousands if nne ple million plus goodpaying jobs. I investing money just and related Semiconductor Manufacturing facilities in the united states, the chips act. The infrasuc act, you see it everywhere you go, roads, bridges, laying broadband, et cetera. And that is amazing, it will level the playing field. Provide a paternity for all americans. But only works if we make se everybody benefits equally. So i will give you one example. Thele process of putting money out the door for the chips facilities, i have said if youre going to get taxpayer money, xyz big company, tell me what your childcare plan is. I want to know. Right . If you are going to get 1 billion of taxpayer money, i want to make sure women have an opportunity to get a job in e facilities. And that will not happen if you dont have a childcare plan. Now when i did that, a lot of republicans in congress said, well, secretary, you are introducing social policy in internationasecu p said, i don. This is hardnose economics. There is a labor shortage, these Companies Need to be competitive, they need the best workers, and that means women, and you will not get them if you dont think about childcare. You talked about the Building Trades. Right now, the percent of women in the building is the same as it was 50 years ago. And depending on the trade, it is somewhere between 2 and 7 . Why does ate dont have enough women who are welders, pefitters, plumbers, cetera . Because they pay 60 to 80 an hour, with benefits. So i launched an initiative called a million women in construction. Right a million women in construction in this country. I said, lets double it would very scientific. [laughs] lets double that. But i am working, we are given huge subsidies to these companies, so we are working with labor unions to have apprenticeship initiatives work, working with these companies tod recording were women. If you go to a job site right now, say i went to a jobsite as a welder and i needed a harness, chances are theres only size extra large for large harnesses onhe■a■ job. That is dangerous. There isnt a womens bathroom. There is one porthis is like ste 1950s. Anyway, i will stop there, but you can tell some passion on the topic. [laughter] thats who is making policy and putting money out thest and i will be damned is half the jobs dont go to women. [applause] prof. Johnson ink its important to think about this as this the money is going out■j■he justified as at least half of it going to women. If you dont do that through affirmative policies, i dont think it actually gets done. I wanted to follow up on more what it looks like for change to happen in this direction and i wanted to ask about the childcare piece. But since you left with the Building Trades, it has been a longstanding problem trying to diversify the construction trades. Gender front and even on race and ethci it surprises people. Even some of the workers who are overrepresented, like latino workers tend to be the most unsafe, ununionized, lowpay jobs. We couldve had miss abrams here ding working on voting right issues. But this is on the economy. What are your thoughts in terms of the construction trades, and how do we actually make progress on that given the recent eoc report shows what the big gap still is in employment. Sec. Raimundo i will link to something you said at the beginning of the question, which is that it takes an affirmative i will be more specific, affirmative aconerhaps not to create a tough about the lived experience of diversity, equity and inclusion. It has become available a pejorative. I want to point to the secretary who just said, this is an economic issue. Since the inception of this cotry, we have had a sers of movements that have been designed to guarantee that we diversify who gets access to the American Dream and that they get included in participation. So when we think reconstruction, you think about the civilrights movement, women suffrage, womens rights movement, lgbtq movement, disability movement, chicano movement, name a movemen■t in tn united states, it has been about how do you get access to the American Dream, and in getting that access, how do we make certain are diverfyso i want ue right, much, as the secretary said, we have the right to have the economy. Facet, that includes the Building Trades. When i was in the state legislature, a lot of my work was around the defendant access to those jobs being created, and one of the many jobs that iave this kind of like a terrible joke, i have lots of different jobs in different w spaces, but one of them is within organizational called rewiring america. We have 158 billion moving through the economy to electrify residential spaces. Basically that means induction stoves, heat pump water heaters and hvac systems 121 million households that will need these pieces of equipment. Right now we are missing 1. 4 Million People in the workforce to install this. Of that 1. 4 million, 700,000 should be women. We live in those houses. We turn on that for most that. We are the ones using that equipment. Why shouldnt we be the ones installing it . So what work i am doing is how to ensure not only that the money gets to the household, but that the people installing the the people in the households. That they are women, and women of color. That means providing access to training. Providing access to how the dollars actually move, because one of the things we know is the strongest impediment to women and people of color different postures in the economy, is they simply dont know where the door is. They want the pathway. They will do the work. They just dont know the secret knock. If they can even find where the building is. So part of the opportunity is having a secretary raimondo who is saying, i am going to hold the person with the pursestrings accountable for welcoming you in. But we also have the responsibility when we are hiring someone to come and install our newly funded heatpump to ask, do you have women who work with use . That me see what yourrt of our s individuals is to ask questions of who is providing over service. Most of the time we get so wrapped up in trying to do it fastof this opportunity. I think about it always in this way where is the money coming from . Who isnt going to . And who does it who is it going to, and who does it touch along the way. If you think about the buildinng trades, evy one of those buildings will likely house a family or a business. Which businesses are going into . Who is doing the financial services, managing those loans . And at each of those junctures, we need to look at who gets to touch the dollar. If we do that, that is dei in practice. We are not saying you cant touch it, we are just saying, lets make sure the different hands that are engaged look like the people who live in this country. [applause] sec. Raimundo yeah. I agree. Prof. Johnson prof. Johnson so seems part of it is about attaching requirements to funding programs. Part of it might be gathering data so that we are actually monitoring. It sounded like you may be also were alluding to the ideapartneg partnerships that help with things like training. Before asking a different of the secretary, i wanted to ask more about the childcare piece given there are programs like chips that are now requiring that. Is there for states and localities in that . What does that look like to you . Absolutely. And i will keep saying a lot of smart things at once so i have to keep them up. Prof. Johnson the multi question with three parts is a hazaf ms. Abrams we are all afd lawy we have this. Requirements are part of every dollar that comes from the public space. There is not a single donor that gets given without there being a requirement. But we only have a question about the donor when it seems to affect something other t expect. So when she said she was looking at childcare, ■k wbut we put ren public dollars every single day, we wouldnt have a congress if we didnt put requirements on every dollar. The question is, why do we value less the requirements that do the most . And when it comes to childcare absolutely an issue. Is at the state at local level, that is where people are making the toughest decisions. I live in a state where the minimum wage, the official5. 15 n hour. Befo pe say well, the federal wage covers it, it doesnt cover certain household workers, certain Agricultural Workers. I live in a state with a lot of Agricultural Workers and a lot of childcare workers and a lot of folks who are not entitled to the federal minimum wage. So it matters that companies dcare be provided, because those providers have access. Is aijen poo here . She will talk about this even more. We know that at the state level, especially for women of color, the access to childcare is a difference between whether you make a living and make a life, whether you are on public assistance or whether you are independent. If you cannot take carof ychilde where you are no longer allowed to make the decision of whether you have a child or not so lets tie all of these pieces together, when you lose freedom, you lose bodily autonomy and you also arent entitled tce those policies matter. It matters that you have access to childcare. It matters that you have goodpaying jobs. It matters that those jobs are being funded by public dollars where you should have a better opportunity to participate in the economy. And we have to think about these things holistically instead of in the silos we are often told to consider them in because it is also how we strengthen and grow our economy. We have an extraordinary commerce secretary who is saying, that we would become a stronger economy, and we have a president who is saying that the we would become a stronger nation is, his half of our population could actually participate not only in its progress, but in its support and its success. Sec. Raimundo yes, to the point, stacy saidave a right to these resources, to half of these jobs. That is true. But also, we will have a better, stronger, more innovative economy if women are fully empowered. Right . I say to people all the time, if you show me an organization or company or a Government Office or whatever, of all white men, you are showing me an organization that is not ae as it could be. Homogeneity is the ene oft your. Whatever you guys do. If all you do is surround yourself with people who think the same with, you will not get the best answer and the best result. If all you have are people in the Building Trades for semiconductor engineers, pick your profession, all the same, we are just not going to have the best people by definition. Not the best. So, yes, we right, but if we will continue to lead the world, secretary clinton was just talking about leading the world and by the way, we are here because you led the way. Ms. Abrams absolutely. Sec. Raimundo if americans are going to lead the world, diversity is truly our strength. But only if we enable everyone to have a chance. Job. We talk about women, childcare is necessary. It is necessary. Why do the Building Trades matter . Half of the reason women are poorer than men is because women cluster in lowwage industries. So if you are a woman without a college degree, chances are you are a domestic worker, homecare worker, home healt aide, waitress, et cetera, and you are making may be five dollars an hour, but may be 10 or 15 an hour. If you are a man without a college degree, you may go into manufacturing or the Building Trades. And like i said before, average first year plumber or apprentice depending on where youiv countrs health care. So apart from the fact that better homes will be built if you have the best women on the job, you lift so many women out of poverty. But childcare i an enabler. And covid crossed the childcare industry. At the time covid came out was governor of rhode island and i saw it, all the Childcare Centers went out of business. We funded themme to the state and that has now dried up and you see them going out of business. These real investments. Its a she itt is called a socil program because the truth of it these are smart investments. If you are setting up a company or industry or institution, you would never say i want to exclude half of the labor pool. Want to exclude half the brains or creative energy. You would say, no, how do icw figure out how to enable all of it . Prof. Johnson prof. Johnson i love how you are just mainstreaming it as inclusive industrial policy. That is how we should think about this, not that these requirements are just floating there as an addon. Sec. Raimundo sorry, not ch. I dont know if it will work. Its the story and i am sticking to it for now, but when i was in that sick of negotiating in the thick of negotiating for the chips act, or when negotiating the broadband part of the infrastructure bill, at the same time, we were working shouldertoshoulder with aijen poo and others to try to get the president s carents in there, wi thought was necessary. I was on the phone with a lot of senators, including senators, mostly male, who would say, hey, secretary, i can get with you on the infrastructure. I can get with you on■ trips. But i am not getting with you on the social programs. I said, what do you mean . They said all in the care economy, in childcare, inhome care. I said, they are not social programs and often some of them who shall go nameless, democrats,y, those are the womens issues. You know, i can get with you, secretary, on semiconductors, on infrastructure, but not the womens issues. So for me, i have concluded, right orrong, as las issues or social issues, we are not going to get them done. So that is why i think they are just plain old economic issues. And everybody ought to care the same. When you say mainstream, but lipo one off for me. If they are wo if they think they are, they will not get to the cutting room floor. Prof. Johnson you mentioned broadband. We still use the term Digital Divide sounds oldfashionimf infrastructure for connection that is as important as brickandmoar, transit, infrastructure. There are wide regional disparities in who has access to highquality broadband and it, has a lot of effects on pele participate in the economy. Certainly, covid illustrated to fvus the effects it has on everything from social services, education, through broadband. And then that racial and gender disparities in who hit. I wanted to ask you about broadband and the Digital Divide. Maybe i will start with you, leader abrams, then we will find out what is happening on the federal level. Ms. Abrams they are linked together. So i live in georgia. Across the south and actlly are not parts of the country, we still have digital inequity. This is particularly pernicious to women. Right now there has been a devaluation and a devolution away from call centers. So if you need help■ and you try to get someone, you are told to go to the website. If you dont have the internet, you are basically told you are on your own. We try to solve Health Care Issues and Rural Communities are losing hospitals, or in ities that refuse to expand medicaid still. You are told telehealth. Well, you can t so we have these hardened social issues, and i use social with a small s, social issues that are exacerbated with the lack of access to the intert. Broadband, we have been talking about this for 20 years. There has been many for about 10 of those years. The challenge is that once it gets to the state level, it depends on whether or not the state wantslve the problem and where they choose to solve it. There is inequity in the distri dollars. There is inequity in the investment in community. And so we have to be incredibly intentional about following our public dollars all the way down. And right now, what happens is we get a fantastic federal program and i give such great credit to the Biden Administration and every component of it trying to do the best it can the challenge is that we have 50 different states with 50 different beliefs about who should have access. But poverty doesnt care. Being disconnected being isolated doesnt care. Being disconnected doesnt care who your governor or legislature is. For me, the question of digital equi access. If we want more women building semiconductors or in the building trade right now if you are in the right part of the country, you can possibly go to a center to learn. You can go through an apprenticeship program. But a lot of the training is online. If learning, you are disconnected fromcomponents of. And it becomes this horrific cycle where digital inequity, it no longer paralyzes you, it■i es even more imperative that we do this work. That we close not just the Digital Divide, but that we acknowledge that digital inequity is dangerous for our country. And i will turn it over to a person who knows considerably more about that. [laughter] sec. Raimundo first of afog whr career or does it matter, can you make a difference by going into government, the answer is, absolutely, yes. Let me give you one concrete example picking up on what stacy just said. The Commerce Department received about 50 billion to invest with and through states to make sure every american has highspeed affordable internet. We are doing that now. And we have a big debate, which ultimatelyil solve as one policn which is, what is affordable . You know, Cable Companies think 200 a month is affordable. t. Lots of people you talk to in the rural south inarticular, will say they have the internet now. They have satellite service. It is 150 a month. But during storms or wind, it goes down. I dont think that is affordable. I this very moment, have lots of smart people, maybe even some Columbia Law School grads, thinking through how do we find affordable that stands up in court, that is truly affordable. If it is a anyone who is interested to work with me at the Commerce Department to sell these issues that help bring people out of poverty, it matters to have great people who care. The way we are trying to do this is statebystate. So i set the program up so that every state, every governor has to show us a plan for the estate. Because lawyering everybody in georgia wiring everybody in georgia is a different challenge 9than in rhode island. Technically in rhode id internet, because its not a rural area. Maybe you live in an assisted living highrise and your beauty is not wired. That is different than in alaska, new mexico or georgia. So decided we are required every governor to give us their plan, or we are not going to give them any moneyof their pla. And some governors dont love that, because we havent yet approved their plan and they havent yet received their money, but they will get it a soon as they satisfy us that everybody can have the internet. But the truth of it is, the Digital Divide, you say it sounds oldfashioned, but in the era of artificial intelligence, it just puts the Digital Divide on steroids. A youngn kid who is home and trying to learn and doesnte a computer, is really so behind. Not all his friends are going to learn about ai, and he or she is going to get further behind. I was in rural south carolina. I talked to a man in his 80s, and he just started weeping because you told me his wife died, they lived in rural south carolina. Away from it the doctor offered telehealth. Buhave any internet, so he didnt get telehealth, and she died. I was there at a broadband event, and he said to me, please let everyone know about this. She should be alive. If we had done those telehealth visits, she may have left. So, yes, it is know the stories during the pandemic in the mcdonalds parking lot trying to do their homework. But it is much more than that. Think about your daily lives, you probably ct get past benefits without using the internet. Right . Truthfully, everything. , americans, you could be the smartest person in your community, the hardest working student in your high school. But you dont stand a chance unless you have the binfrastrucg affordable internet. By the way, americans dont want handouts. They just want a chance. And that is what we are providing. Prof. Johnson and i think these issues of Digital Equity and Digital Infrastructure [laughter] prof. Johnson may be where we have to e. Ll be talking about fe rest of the day. So i am really grateful to you, i am already getting the hook, that we have to wrap up. Ant to let everybody know that we are going to dig into these issues as the evening goes on. Ms. Abrams i heard tell that there was some conversation about■3s. [laughter] prof. Johnson i wanted about the issue of algorithmic discrimination. Ms. Abrams which matters, as the secretary pointed out, ais not going away, it is becoming gly■of our lived existence. And if there is bias and models, in the large language models, if there are ai hallucinations that are grounded in misinformation, bad in, bad out, only it is a much more complicated bad out. For women in particular, and women of color especially, we have to also think about how we connect in all these conversations what is to come. We sul generative ai. We should not be afraid of artificial intelligence. Wary. When you are weary, you start to think about what could work, what doesnt work, what might work. But it also means we need to make sure the people who share our values, meaning women who care about the world, are making those decns too. And right now we dont know who is actually building this. But i am willing to bet money i dont have that its not women. [laughter] so we have to think about how wy for this next generation. Of these are all of these are of a piece. That we can pretend, these are human rights issues, economic issues, world issues. Womens ises t Touch Everything and we can presume that there is any facet of our lives were having women at the table making the decision and making the choice to do better, doesnt change everything for us. Sec. Raimundo hear hear d simply say, and i do this every day, looking around the world today, for me, it is hard to escape the conclusion that the world would be a better place if more women were in charge. Leading countries. Leading companies, leading ai companies. Leading at the highest level of every profession. Its not going well in many ways. And i do think if women were running more countries, companies, universities, institutions, it would be better. [laughter] have to state and it we have to stay in it. Not only because Women Deserve to be there, although we do,. Because the world would be a much better place. More innovative. More fair, more humane, if we are there. And thats why as long as we have been doing it and some of us have been doing it longer than others we have to stay committed. Because we owe it to one another and to our kids and grandkids and the rest of the world to make sure women get their fair share of leadership positions. [applause] prof. Johnson with that, thank you. And thank you for translating your leadership into policy. Thank you. [applause] announcer the u. S. Supcourt run favor of donald trump in a case challenging his eligibility to be on the ballot in 2024. 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