Atis clear we are looking the strain on School Districts we have not seen in a decade. How do states, families and School Districts cope with the massive physical strain of the Great Recession and how do you expect this crisis to be similar or different than what we just went through in the last decade . Fiscal strain. Providedderal aid under the recovering act during the Great Recession was really important but only covered one quarter of state budget shortfalls. It ended too soon when the state is still struggling to meet their needs. Result states enacted those laughs and spending reductions laughs andthose spending reduction slowed the economic recovery in a significant way. Of schoolhe impact level was pronounced. The school year was shrunk. The reductions in arizona and arizona entered its fullday kindergarten. Those kinds of effects were widespread and in many cases are still with us today. I mentioned haven heading into the pandemic there were 77 thousand fewer teachers and other School Workers in this country than there were when the Great Recession took hold and yet we are trying to teach one and half million more kids. Thank you, dr. Leachman. What lessons do you think we can learn from the Great Recession to support School Districts during the pandemic, what do we do right that we can do again or to be not do that we can think about now. Substantially, it is crucial that the eight that was provided to states and localities made a big difference. Numerous economists across the political spectrum have looked at this issue and found Significant Bank for the bach and state and local aid bang for the buck in state and local aid because it keeps activity going and make sure youre not laying off people at exactly the worst time. We should take a lesson from the recovery act in assuring that the ed we provide is enough. So that the eighth that we provide is enough. So say to not have to do those layoffs and make those cuts. And that the aide stays in place as long as it is needed. Ended in 2011. D ,n 2012 you can see it happen that states impose cuts that year that are still with us today. Enough and it needs to stay on as long as it is needed. Thank you. My next question for ms. Pringle, what actions can we take to make sure we are protecting teachers and students, especially those in atrisk groups from covid19 . What can congress do to help them . The language in the heroes act goes a long way to doing that, making sure we have ppe for our students as well as our educators. Addressing we are the needs that already existed in buildings that are not safe for our students, that had issues with rats and rodents, air quality, those kinds of issues need to be addressed and we, and the funding that is provided for in the heroes act can do some of act, some of that, not enough. But at least it is taking steps in the right direction. We also need to make sure we have enough educators. Not only our teachers, but we need our support staff who support them, from at School Secretaries to paraprofessionals to bus riders, we need to make sure that we have additional counselors and nurses. We have to be able to address these as well. Background] we have to make sure we can do those as well. Thank you, ms. Pringle. I yelled back. Back. Ld telemann from idaho just gentleman from idaho . Gentlemen from kansas . Mr. Watkins . Gentle men from texas . Mr. Wright . Gentle man from texas, mr. Wright . Tech an from pennsylvania, mr. Mishler . You, chairman and ranking member, dr. Foxe, appreciate all those testifying today being here with us on a very important subject. Certainly essential we safely and responsibly open our schools to all those who can attend. It is equally as important as safely and responsibly opening our economy mr. Johnson, the plans you have outlined and worked on and discussed at includezed, do they funding for ppe use and other safety precautions such as areaslass and perhaps new for spacing out the students properly . The short answer is no, we have not gone to that Decision Point yet. There is work for the North CarolinaGovernors Department of health and Human Services to work on funding for the School Nurses and pp for them. Under the governor requirements we are not looking at having the requirement for ppe. The federal cares act dollars will be going to district that is something districts could use that money for if they decided to go be on the guidelines from our North Carolina department of health and Human Services. Right. Are you looking at what other states are doing and having a good level of communication, seeing he might have best ideas and doing comparisons . Yes, absolutely. We have been, a lot of education seats around the nation chiefs around the nation have been in frequent contact and we have been making sure we listen to staff and teachers on the ground in North Carolina and also where watching other nations who have opened up schools to see how they are handling the situation. Are you figuring out a budget estimate for the first tranche, related to ppe in the classroom and in general . We are at the beginning stages of that and i would not be able to quote you a number from North Carolina but we are watching. Computer]akers we would be also watching closely the cares act money spent. Districts noting in their applications, conductivity and devices as well as the extra supply that would be needed from when students and seizures teachers safely return in the fall. Are you noting where hotspot was versus a rural area that had few cases, are you taking that into consideration in your a question . Yes that will be taken into consideration. Our North Carolina state board of ed education will make a determination on where funds go they have held back and i address with an eye toward equity and where the need is, especially when it comes to conductivity and giving those dollars out. The governor of North Carolina he wants the plan but it could be regional. Liability comes up all the time in higher education. A significant concern with a prek through 12. What are your thoughts . A state solution is one thing, a federal solutions probably better. What are your thoughts on liability . We would welcome any help we can get, on the federal level. This is something we are looking at, what already are the protections in place on North Carolina on the state level if we could do more. But the more we can do for our educators, the better. And any federal help would be welcomed. Is there serious consideration being given to a Safety Officer in a school, to assure and monitor the Safety Standards continue . We have not had discussions about that on a state level. That is something that absolutely would be school bicycle. Bicycle. School by school. Local districts are in the process of making their plans to plan for the governors requirement and guidelines and they will cement to those as they have been finalized. Thank you. Mr. Chairman, i yield back. Thank you and people in the room, if you could use earphones, that would illuminate some of the feedback. We could hear all of the questions. Dutch it would eliminate some of the feedback. Please use air funds to eliminate use earphones to eliminate feedback. Thank you for your time. We are at a point in our nations history. In the midst of a pandemic we are addressing another pandemic that has plagued our country for generations. We are talking about really the racism and systemic inequities that occurs in our Public School system. Millions of jobs have been lost due to covid19. In states we are seeing are decreasing revenue for the upcoming fiscal year. My state of georgia, we have been made known that it has been announced that 11 , a reduction there will be in our budget for next year, that is so devastating for us to undergo. Unfortunately as we know, when states start cutting their budgets, education is one of the first areas to be cut. Our students, frankly, deserve much better. This fall, School Districts will be faced with how theyre going to educate students while staying socially distanced. And how to address the racial inequities in the School System and the lack of diversity in our teaching workforce. All of which will be exacerbated. Y budget shortfalls i glad were here today to Start Talking about finding solutions to these problems. My first question is for mr. Gordon. There has been a lot of discussion about reopening , thels and the normal returning to normal as we say but we know it is really going to be a new normal. Given the house educational crisis justice crisis in our country, what can we do to make sure students receive an education that meets or exceeds the standards they deserve in the coming year. Our guest touched on this but could you expand on this or do you have any thoughts . Thank you. I would say this is a really important moment. Tamir rice was my 12yearold little boy in cleveland who was policeo seconds after got to him so it is personal for me. What is different is that in all of the past we had to change the existing system. That is what we have been doing in cleveland for the last 13 years, pushing against the existing system. They currently exist Education System as we know it has been obliterated. We not like a knockback there as you hurt my colleagues, but we do not have to we cannot only go not go back there but we do not have to. We can design a system that is just and good for kids. Children living in deep poverty [indiscernible] cleveland has the highest childhood poverty of any major city. Children who are living in deep is the entire environment. I left urban education. Mostorked in one of the School Systems in ohio, almost exclusively white, and the learning happening was not just the [cheers applause] [cheers applause] [indiscernible] [inaudible] my kids will never have access. I think congress [indiscernible] two sees this and say how do we return [inaudible] fragilenue to support programs as i mentioned earlier. How do we [inaudible] how do art [audi we define what is in our [audio technical quality] if you cannot own up to seeing black people [inaudible] inaudible]ver have [ [inaudible] to college, do the things that [inaudible] middle income kids have. Two, we start [cheers applause] naudible]an [i [audio issues] and propose simply [inaudible] [inaudible] cspan is taking a live to california where governor gavin newsom is about to give an update on the states response to the coronavirus pandemic as a state as cases rise in the state. Whether those are staffer ventilators or helping move patients into other counties, to make sure californians get the care that they need. Before i move on from this slide, we do always have what i call our step three, instituting community measures, where we would work with a county, where it is difficult to get an important measure into are expected controllable. And we would be able control level. We will work with local leaders and local Health Officers who are every day trying to make strong and good decisions for their counties, in order that we put back measures that might be needed, to ensure we get things under control and keep californians safe. Slide is, as the governor mentioned, the slide we look at every day. On the prior slide we mentioned 13 counties. Shows the counties as of today that have had three consecutive days of an area of focus or concern. This is in alphabetical order, not necessarily best to worst or any other order. We look at these measures, things we have talked to you about for weeks or months. Things like the number of tests per 100,000 people. We1 want at least tests50. At people. 0 per 100,000 and the testing Positivity Rate below 8 . And the level of increasing your hospitals with covid19 positive patients less than 10 . And we want to see the capacity of the icu beds and ventilators stays above a specific threshold. Here you can see the checkmarks on this table