The house of representatives prepares to reconvene on friday. We would love to hear from you. Ou live begin as we always do. The numbers are courtesy of Johns Hopkins university, which has been keeping track of this pandemic since the beginning. 4. 3 million cases worldwide. The confirmed cases around the globe, 296,000. We will get to your calls across a moment. Joining us from nashville is dr. William schaffner. Preventivefessor of medicine as Vanderbilt University school of medicine. Guest good to be with you. Host i want to begin with some news for the president from the president. Andsenate Health EducationPension Committee hearing, Anthony Fauci said he had concerns about schools reopening potentially too soon. Today, the president had this reaction. Trump to make, donald trump it is not an acceptable answer. The only thing that would be acceptable is professors, teachers, etc. Of a certain age. I think they have to be careful. Because this is a disease that attacks age, that attacks health. If you have a heart problem, diabetes, if you are of a certain age, it certainly is much more dangerous. But with the Young Children and students, just take a look at the statistics. Dr. Schaffner, is the president right . Guest this is a really widely debated issue. It is correct that the Young Children and up to young adults are statistically not very affected by this virus at all for reasons that we dont understand. Now, the concern is that these children may indeed be infected, but actually be able to transmit the virus to their elders. So the concern about opening schools is, if we bring them all together, like with influenza, they will pass this virus amongst themselves and then bring it home to mom, dad, grandpa, and they will get sick. So we do not really know the role of children in spreading the virus. I think many School Systems will open. Other School Systems will be more careful. Thats been the circumstance around the globe. Some countries have had their School Systems open, others not. To go verye ought carefully, have good surveillance, and have good infection control, social distancing in the schools as possible, which is not an easy thing to do with Young Children. Asked you, have because there has been a small but growing number of cases of children with some pretty severe cases of covid19 and some severe symptoms as a result of this pandemic. Guest that is exactly correct. We did not say they were unaffected. The rates of disease are profoundly lower. There have been children who have died. And not just recently, within the lastcouple three weeks, we have discovered this new syndrome, this pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, seems to be occurring in some children who have recovered recently from the covid virus and now have this phenomenon where they get high fever, a rush, red eyes, bad abdominal pain, their Blood Pressure can drop, they may have difficulty oxygenating their lungs, and most of those children have survived, but its a frightening illness. One that completely at this point has is baffled. S baffled. Us baffled. Host have you seen this with other types of covid viruses . Guest we have not seen it with other covid viruses, but there are a host of post Infectious Disease kind of immunological and inflammatory syndromes that occur. After influenza and other respiratory illnesses, you can get this strange neurological paralytic disease. After a certain kind of intestinal infection, you could get arthritis, which is thought to have an immune component. So there are other examples of acutel sequelae to the infection. We dont know the mechanism. We dont know why. We are just starting to study this problem. Ast before we get to vaccine, we are looking at some advancements in the therapeutics and medicines. Remdesivir is one of them. Where are we in terms of the timeline to have this treatment for those coronavirus patients . Guest arent we all eager . There are over 100 studies currently underway of various therapeutic agents and combinations of agents around the world. Larger trials, smaller trials, some more rigorously designed than others. I would hope that during the course of the summer, the results of some of these trials will start coming in. We already had, the results that suggest one mediumsize trial, well done, that hospitalizations can be reduced, and there is a trend to better survival. More work is underway, but that gives us a glimmer of hope that we are on the right track. Preventative step, vanity quoted in this fair piece, indicating 80 of americans if 80 of americans for face masks, covid19 infections would plummet. By how far . Guest we dont know that exactly, but think about it. This virus is transmitted primarily through close, personal and directions. When we get within three to six feet of others usually for a of time andriod usually indoors. That is the circumstance the virus likes a lot to get from one person to another. Masks to prevent that dissemination, and remember, i could be without symptoms and have the virus, so we all wear masks, i am helping to protect you, all of the people around me Wearing Masks help protect me, we are in this together, we can reduce the transmission of the virus. And then, of course, we add to that the sixfoot rule, now the 11th commandment, then also washing hands and hygiene. Frequently. Ought to help us, in some measure, control this virus as we open up our society. We need to do that carefully, please. Host if you are a doctor or a technician,rgency we would love to hear from you. Youre on with dr. Schaffner, in nashville, tennessee. Good evening. Caller ive got two questions that relate to each other. Why does everybody seem so afraid to contradict the president on his nonmedical opinions regarding the virus . Behavingr two, is he does he or is he that children pass the virus to teachers and pass it on to students and family members . Host thank you. Guest bear with me, because i usually avoid political commentary. I think first of all, the national leadership, we would hope, would provide is consistent, clear information. And at least in the past, people have deferred to the experts, the Public Health experts. Whether at the cdc or the National Institutes of health. I think it is important for us all to realize what we know and dont know. As i said before, we are wellrned children might be spreaders of this virus. These things are under study. At the moment, i think it is appropriate to be conservative about that. If schools are going to open up, we ought to do that very, very carefully. Host gary is next in florida. Good evening. Ask,r i would like to there is this idea with the children, and the fact that it [indiscernible] i am a grandfather. I have three grandchildren on the east coast. I am on the west coast of florida. Ve a i have tried to do some research and find out more, but since it is such anything, there is not a lot of research. Some of the scientists where i went to school, i am familiar with them, professors, my question to you is is there type of thing that the do, i think the children in the situation, the heart problems is a priority. Asthere something we can do scientists, in their own areas, that might help make things more expedient . I think a lot of people would like to hear that. Anybody that you can confer with in the near future and come back to this program and let the public know how we are progressing with the. That is my first question. My second question is host we will get a response. Thanks for your call. We will go to dr. Schaffner for reaction. I congratulate your daughter on her pregnancy. That is very exciting. That is wonderful. There are concerns about people who have, whether they are children or adults, with chronic, underlying illnesses. Because we know that whatever age they are, if they get infected with coronavirus, they are more likely to get sick on the more serious end of the spectrum. The thing we can do now is try to protect them by shielding them from prolonged contact with other people. And that is why the shelter at home admonition, the recommendation is still very important. Aroundn Wearing Masks them is also very important. In the meantime, the research is going on to try to develop a vaccine, because if we could have a vaccine, then we could and thenhe population begin to control this covid virus, and obviously, we would be all vaccinated around that child with Heart Disease and we could prevent her infection and vaccinate her also. From ae have gone handful of cases in the course of 4. 5 months to 1. 4 million cases in the world alone. We are leading the world in covid19 patients. Do those numbers surprising . Guest they do and they dont. They do surprise me, because these numbers are real, they come home. They dont in the sense that we quickly discovered that this was a remarkably transmissible virus. It was remarkably contagious. Each person that got infected 3 othery infected 2 or people. If you do the math, all of a sudden, that just explodes around the world, because each new person who was infected 2ves the virus to 2 or 3 or 3 others. That is a formula for an explosion of infections. With the amount of travel, this virus has now reached every continent in the world, with the possible exception of antarctica. It is out there spreading. I make the point that it is still with us. We have tried to flatten the curve and reduce the frequency of transmission, but this virus is going to be with us in the foreseeable future. We are going to have to go to a new normal to try to cope with the next not just months, but probably couple of years. This will be tough for all of us. Host dr. Schaffner, he is a professor of preventative medicine and Infectious Diseases. Hr has since in will be our guest tomorrow evening governor hr heavens and governor Ava Hutchinson will be our guest tomorrow. I would like to know why the researchers cant get together and come to one conclusion about what is going on. Because some say positive things, then it the same time, it seems like they are saying negative things to sort of coincide with trump. People have kids they are concerned about, and i dont think schools should be opening up, because little kids do not understand what they need to do. And if you feel like they might bring it home to the parents, why start school . That is a nono right there. Host fax for the call. To her first point, the researchers, do you get together, do you share notes, do u share results information . Era, in the electronic scientific information, clinical about the kinds of illnesses this coronavirus produces is shared around the world with enormous speed. Ail inbox is full of information everyday. Part of the difficulty is that with something so new, we are learning things all the time. Yesterdays news might be outdated. Thatis part of the reason the messaging, the information changes. And of course, my recommendation always is to listen very national to our Public Health leaders. Host has this changed America Forever . Well, life changes, we are moving into the future, so change is a constant. This is an excel or greater of change. I am sure that many things will change. Who knows . My crystal ball suggests that actually wearing a mask during every flu season down the road might become almost as common asia,s it currently is in where it has been very common for a long time. Meeting is business going to become more common. Less business travel, because we have learned you can get together on zoom and have those meetings very productively. Teaching. A combination of virtual teaching as well as inperson teaching. Universities, great schools, high schools are going to adopt to these new technologies much faster than we would have thought otherwise. In fact, Harvard Medical School, we spoke to the dean a couple of weeks ago, announcing today classes this fall will be virtual, they will be online. They will not be in person. Host it is hard to work on your cadaver virtually, but yes, that was a feature of my first year in medical school and every other medical student. But you can do that on a computer now and learn your gross anatomy, which is of course, fundamental to being a doctor. You can probably do that almost as well online. Next from new jersey. Good evening. Hi, doctor. I have two questions. Do you know if those children who have those severe effects, do you know if they have had the seasonal flu vaccine . And then the second question is, is it possible that the coronavirus interfered with the vaccine,seasonal flu to cause the cytokine storm . Because they say that the immune system goes haywire, and i would think that that causes the inflammation of the lungs. And then the subsequent breathing difficulties. Twot because these viruses, influenza and covid, came along at the same time, there has been a lot of lessons about whether they influenced each other. I can say that at the moment, with great security, there is no virusce that influenza itself for the vaccine had any influence on covid. Covid seems to be an entirely and it seems to be able to produce this, as far as we know now remember it is very early this pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome all on its own. But hold take. Tight. When we get together in six weeks or six months, we may have new information about this. Host will go to william next from overland park, kansas. Welcome to the program. Caller good evening, dr. Schaffner. I have one main question. Witnessed a few cases of people having serious medical complications that would not have happened had they seen their doctor or had they not been afraid to go to the hospital. Host what is your background, by the way . Caller physical therapist. I have been working in home health and now i am in a hospital in a rural town. We have only had one case here. But they do have a ward blocked off. To reduce the size of the treatment facility. Guest thank you very much for your question. Thank you for working in health care and doing what you do to help rehabilitate people from illness. That is very important. I share your concern. It is one of the reasons, clearly, beyond the social, cultural, and financial reasons, that we need to open things up again. People have been very reluctant to go see their health care practitioners. I had a little bit of medical care, just routine, through telemedicine. It is not quite the same thing, and as my cardiologist sai d, i dont have a problem, but vias hard to do an ekg telemedicine. Good thing you dont need one right now, dr. Schaffner. People have been reluctant to come in, and there have been progressions of illness that have become more acute because of that. Here is another twist moms and dads are reluctant to bring their newborn babies, their infants, into the pediatrician and Family Doctors for their routine baby shots, their vaccines, and now we are beginning to get concerned that more and more, these babies are kind of growing up month by month susceptible, and now we are afraid that another outbreak of measles or Something Like that could occur among these newborns who should be getting their shots. So we are going to have to try to normalize that just as quickly as we can. We want people to get medical care who need it. We dont want people to hang home because of fear of covid. Host in laymans terms, how do you study the spread of Infectious Diseases . What do you look for, what are your questions, and how do you find the answers . Guest we study infectious me make it let simple two levels, one is a Public Health level. How does it move through communities . Where is it located . What populations is it likely to affect . So we can track the disease and try to intervene to prevent the infection. The other level, of course, is the clinical level. We get down to individual patients. How was that patient presenting . What is their chief complaint . How did they first get sick . How much favor do they have . Where do they have pain . What is the clinical picture of the virus so we can make that diagnoses as quickly as possible. We function basically on both of those levels. And they interact. They relate to each other. Host this virus has some very , not only thems very high fever, but a fever 36 will last often days. Some have lucid dreams, lose their sense of taste. Why is that . Guest we dont know the answer to all those questions. To turn the coin over, older people can present with this infection and not have fever. Initially, we thought fever was present in every patient. Now we have learned that is not the case. We know that this is principally a chest infection, that is how it usually starts. Some patients process with abdominal pain. As patients get sicker, the pneumonia, which is part of the bodys inflammatory response, has become better defined. So we keep learning more about this infection, the spectrum of illness it can produce, and i have to tell you, steve, the more we learn about the diversity of illnesses and presentations that are related to this virus, the nastier this virus seems. It is a bad virus. On top of that, of course, it is very contagious. Host joe is joining us from ohio. Good evening, joe. Caller glad to speak with you, doctor. My first question is, the problem they are having with the Young Children, is that a virus, or is that a bacteria . Guest joe, the problem with Young Children is pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome. What a big name. It is a consequence of this covid19 virus. There dont seem to be any bacteria involved, but we dont exactly know how it is this virus causes this illness. We have just started to examine and research that. Next is steve joining us from minnesota. Our last call for this segment. I know the n95 masks are the gold standard. Do paper masks all compare . Mask works in two ways. It prevents something outside getting intimate, and it also me, and it alsoo prevents anything i might have getting out to you. The simple cloth and surgical masks that are worn work principally to prevent me giving you anything. They provide modest protection going the other way. The main reason we are wearing these masks, the cloth masks and , issurgical masks now because we know many people with this covid virus infection can be without symptoms. And so, that means i could be perfectly healthy as i am now, but the infected am never know it. So i am close to you, i protect you by wearing the mask. The reverse is also true. You sound very healthy. If you wear the mask, but even though you are infected, by wearing the mask, you are preventing me getting the infection. Bible to of us wearing the mask, we are protecting each other. That is the whole concept. If you we if we all wear masks, we will be protecting each other and reducing the way this virus is transmitted. Host dr. William schaffner at Vanderbilt University, joining us from his home in nashville, tennessee. Dr. Schaffner, thanks for joining us here on cspan. We appreciate your time and expertise. Earlier today, Jerome Powell spoke about the road ahead to the u. S. Economy. We will show you an excerpt of that speech. It is available in our website, cspan. Org. We will turn to the role nurses are playing on the front lines of this pandemic. People have put their lives and livelihoods on hold him him him sacrifices to not just protect their own health and those of their loved ones, but their neighbors and the broader community. The burden has fallen on those least able to bear it. The scope and speed of this downturn are without modern president. Significantly worse than any recession since world war ii. We are seeing a severe decline in Economic Activity and joboyment, and already the gains of the last decade have been erased. Since the pandemic arrived and forced just two months ago, more than 20 Million People lost their jobs. The fed survey being released tomorrow reflects findings similar to many others. Among working people in february, almost 40 of those in households making less than 40,000 a year have lost a job in march. This reversal of economic fortune has caused a level of pain that is hard to capture in lives are appended amid great uncertainty about the future. This downturn is different than those who came before it. Earlier in the postworld war ii time, recessions were sometimes linked to a cycle of high inflation followed by fed tightening. The lower inflation levels of recent decades have brought a series of long expansions, often accompanied by the buildup of and balances over time of imbalances over time. Important sectors of the economy , such as housing, ballooned boomed unsustainably. This time, high inflation was not a problem. There was no economy threatening bubble to pop and no unsustainable boom to bust. The virus is the cause, not the usual suspects. Something worth keeping in mind as we respond. Chair,hat from the fed Jerome Powell, earlier today. Again, the house be taking up a 3 trillion stimulus plan being put forth by house speaker, nancy pelosi. You can watch the debate and the floor vote here on this network beginning at 9 00 a. M. Friday on cspan and live on cspan radio. Joining us from silver spring, maryland is kendra mcmillan. A registered nurse and a senior policy advisor for the American Nurses association. Thank you for being with us. It isduates graduation season for nurses about to leave school and enter hospitals. In this environment, with this pandemic, are the prepared for this type of bedside nursing . Guest were certainly an unprecedented times. However, nurses are prepared to respond. Nurses have a calling, and nurses are ready to step in and take action. However, these are unique times, particularly for new grads. I think it is important for them coming in to make sure that they link with their unit managers and charged nurses and preceptor to make sure that they are asking the right questions, to make sure that if there is any uncertainty, that they can ask for reeducation, for things that they may feel uncomfortable with, and making sure that every day is a new day, but it is ok to ask for help and guidance. Host you are in maryland. According to state health officials, an estimated half of the covid19 patients in in nursinge coming homes. How are those nurses prepared for what is ahead for them and what a deal with so far . Guest that is a really good question. You bring up a good point regarding our Nursing Homes and longterm care facilities. With the structure of those facilities alone, they pose unique challenges. What we have also seen are and accessted to ppe to necessary supplies needed for the protection of our nurses. Acuteas been seen both in care settings, communitybased facilities, but particularly in longterm care settings where we without population access to rooms where they can isolated units where covid19 patients could be cared for, that could pose unique challenges. Host you also have nurses who may be either educators or working in elective surgery, and now they are being moved into covid icu units. How does that add to the stress level for these nurses who are used to a certain type of training are certain type of nursing care and now dealing with critically all patients . Guest yes. Another great point that you raise, we have nurses that are working within certain specialties within the profession. And because of the number of covid cases covid19 cases being seen in many of our acutecare facilities, it has resulted in a redeployment of nurses to different areas. Areas in which they have not been educated, or areas in which they do not traditionally work. And what wecate for emphasize is the importance of the need to provide the necessary education and training for equipment that would be used for the care and treatment of a covid19 patient if one had not been assigned to that unit before. We encourage our nurses, certainly, to ask those questions of their hospital administrators to make sure that re is a comfort there to provide care. We want to make sure there is both a litany of care, but also safety. Safety of our nurses and also safety of our patients. Host lets get to our viewer calls. From santa ana, california. Good evening. Thank you. First of all, thank you for your service as a nurse. My daughterinlaw is a nurse. The work you guys do is amazing. My question has to do with something about what dr. Schaffner said before you came on. He was pretty much singing the praises of Wearing Masks. Wearing them when we are out and about. Masks work, why dont the Nurses Association and the doctors and the government just mandate that everybody wear the mask and send everybody else to work . To work, butt back the mask on, go to work. Guest you bring up a good point. There are multiple factors that certainly need to be considered. The wearing of a mask is one source of control and prevention of the spread of covid19, but then there is also physical distancing. Of mask serves the purpose control, meaning if one were to have the virus and there is a potential to spread it in the absence of symptoms, then the mask would serve as a barrier to keep one from spreading the talking, if there is a cough, a sneeze, a spray that may result from that. There is also physical distancing. When we look at the typical setup of offices or factories, typically, there is not that distance we generally keep within ourselves and other individuals. So there is some complexities that come with reopening, you know, workplaces, reopening retail stores, reopening parks. There is light years. We also have to think about protection of herbal herbal population. Of our vulnerable population. Not just individuals that are older, but individuals with chronicditions conditions. 20 to make sure they are protected, as well. Talking with kendra mcmillan. From the American Nurses association. After 28 years as a bedside nurse, one nurse quit because she felt expendable in large part because of the stress nurses are facing on the frontlines. How do you deal with that . Under anrses are extraordinary amount of stress right now. On a typical day, there is a high level of stress that we undergo as we are caring for patients. Right now, we are caring for patients during times of pandemic. With that, we have issues that we have not dealt with for long periods of time in a in the profession, such as staffing, burnout, retention issues, depression, anxiety, suicides. All of that is compounded. Then when you look at the issues that we are dealing with, too, with access to appropriate ppe for our own safety and protection to do our jobs, it takes a toll. There is also trauma that nurses are feeling as a result of what they are seeing everyday, seeing patients dying, holding their hand while they are dying, asking for their families. Nurses are stepping in and serving the role of family members wally take their last breath. That takes a toll. Thus while they take their last breath. That takes a toll. Its hard. Host lets go to kim. Caller think you for having me. To ask one question. First of all, i want to thank you for everything you have done and everything you do. It would be very hard to be in when somebody is in a state like that and they have nobody else. You might be the only person that they do see. I would like to know, if somebodys isnt a medic somebody is asymptomatic, how long do they keep that . Guest what we know of covid19 is that it can take two to 14 days for one to show symptoms. However, when one does not have symptoms, then it is hard to you arether or not positive for covid19. Is, if yoummendation have been exposed or you suspect you have been exposed, then you go into the 14day quarantine or isolation. If you begin to show symptoms, then you can certainly contact your medical provider for a test. If you have been exposed, you can certainly contact your medical provider and let them know you have been exposed. They may give you instructions as to what to do. You watch and see what happens. What you can do at home if there are other family members that you live with. Then watch and wait. Make sure you are washing your hands, making sure you wear a homemade mask. That is a source of control should there be coughing or sneezing, juster in everyday conversation within close contact with individuals. Again, that serves as a barrier of protection. Is next in richmond, virginia. Good evening. Caller good evening. I was calling because i have concerns about i work in the nursing facility. Residents. Ds on with guest you bring up a really good point and something that American Nurses association has advocated strongly for. With respect to hazard pay, we believe that hazard pay is acceptable for nurses given their work on the frontlines. Again, it is what we are advocating for for nurses. We believe that it is certainly something that given your bravery, given your compassion theou are serving on frontlines of this pandemic, we it is critically needed for those that are facing pressure in demands during his respond effort these response efforts. Masks,ou mentioned n95 the ppe, the heartbreaking stories of the nurses being the last person there if they are passing away. Is this going to change the profession . Has it changed the profession . Guest for the past 18 years, nurses have been identified as honored and ethical profession. That certainly is not changing. We are that seeing how always ready and stand ready to respond and how we have responded during this pandemic has certainly resulted in a newfound respect and appreciation for our profession. Nurses are being held as heroes. That out of this, there are going to be more people that field the call to response. As they learn more about the importance of what we do when terms of our response, all the years of health care, whether it is inpatient, whether it is in a community setting, whether it is at the state and local level, whether it is Public Health, nurses have a key role in protecting the Nations Health responding to during times of crisis. We will go to stephen in louisville, kentucky. His daughter is a nurse. Law is ay daughter in health care worker. Wondering host thats go to andrew from oklahoma, hello, andrew. Caller thank you so much for all that you do to help the people that are entering the hospital for a myriad of different conditions, including this coronavirus. Call where i was asking about the point that you kind of overbroad and without staying on the actual point. I think the point that he was making, we do not have any topdown leadership. We have a president who has basically said, hey, all 50 states, you are on your own. All 50 states, make your own rules. You guys want to open early . Great. You guys dont . And of course, other people are traveling between states. We do not have any topdown leadership. One of those things that should be topdown is a directive for pass some kindll of legislation that requires people to wear a mask. In oklahoma, it is kind of threat me republican red meat republican country. There is climate change, a lot of them think the coronavirus is a hoax. There are those protesting we want our freedoms back, with the fly, lets all go die. We need some kind of topdown leadership to say, you cannot be in a public space without having a mask on. Because the mask is to protect the people you are around. Everyone should be required to wear masks. I will give you an example. I have assisted walmart. Today, there were so many people in their, some i heard coughing in there, some i heard had no facial coverings on. This should be something where people where stores are not allowing people in. Costco is correct on this. You do not come in the store unless your face is covered, because you could eat an anmptomatic you could be asymptomatic carrier and spreader to everyone in the community. Host we will get a response. Thank you for your phone call. Guest you bring up some really good points. Sharing ist you are certainly important. The only way we are going to and slow theurve spread of coronavirus is for all of us to work together. By all of us working together, that means yes, we are all Wearing Masks as source control. We are all practicing physical distancing, but most importantly, we are staying home. Right now, we do not have heard immunity or massive unity herd immunity or mess immunity. Ss immunity. Because of that, that is why there are mandates in place however it is state by state, and as you know, there are states that made the decision to reopen. Many of which are reopening too soon. However, having said that, using a mask as a form of source control is essential at this point. We also need to make sure that we have an adequate amount of tests. We need to know who is positive and we need to be able to have appropriate surveillance and Public Health structures in place so we can identify those who have been exposed, notify and contact them, and make sure they undergo the mandatory 14day quarantine to prevent exposure to other individuals. You bring up some very excellent points. Host kendra, what have you seen as a registered nurse on the bedside . Guest my fulltime role right now is policy advisor at the American Nurses association. We have state and local constituents we work with. What we are hearing about is the lack of protection that our nurses have in terms of having the appropriate ppe in order to protect themselves well they are doing their jobs. A strong advocacy of nurses to encourage individuals to stay home unless we need to get essential items from the grocery store, unless you are getting essential items from the pharmacy, or unless it is the need for you to go out to seek medical care. Nurses are seeing patients coming in who are very sick. We are hearing stories about still not having enough tests that are available. There are individuals who have not been tested and who are at home providing selfcare. We are hearing now more stories about children who have been infected. Every day, the situation is fluid. Were learning more, things are changing as we go. Nurses are also hearing about concerns about their own health and wellbeing with respect to their families. Carried covid19 to their loved ones. We are also hearing about the mental trauma and the stress nurses are dealing with right now as they respond. We are concerned about the lasting effects of that. To that point, do you feel hospitals are doing what they should be doing to deal with the nurses stress levels . They are the frontline provider care to those patients. Guest we are advocating strongly that all organizations have the necessary support systems in place for their nurses. Not just nurses, but for all staff. All staff play a role. When we look at the entire in the responsem to covid19. And advocaterage for is to have systems and structures in place so nurses are protected both in physical protection with respect to ppe, but also for Mental Health and wellbeing. Host kendra mcmillan. The senior policy advisor and registered nurse with the American Nurses association. Joining us from her home in silver spring, maryland. Thank you for being with us. We are checking in with members of congress, house and senate members, democrat and republican, to see how they are dealing with this pandemic. Yesterday, we spoke to gerry connolly. My first question to him is what he expects one the house when the house reconvenes on friday to discuss the 3 trillion stimulus bill. Well, there will be a lot of handl distancing, a lot of sanitizer, disinfectant, and hopefully everybody will be wearing a mask. Members will be allowed on the floor only when it is their turn to speak. Eight or nineave different groupings of members to come and vote. I am in group member 2. It is alphabetical. No more than 20, 25 of us in each group. Fewer than that on the floor when we are voting. Votes will take about an hour and a half, two hours to complete. But that is the only way to achieve social distancing. A radical cultural departure from our normal way of doing congregated,re we networking,oozing, members talking to each other, sharing notes, but getting Business Done in terms of amendments and the like. All of that has ended. It is a very strange and alien environment, really, but that is how we are going to have to do business for the for seeable future. Tag as outlined by house speaker, nancy pelosi, 3 trillion. How will you get support for this . There is support for pieces of this. Whether they will vote for the whole bill, even if they support an individual piece, remains to be seen. But there are republicans supporting, for example, the postal release service. There are republicans supporting state and local relief, because they are seeing the hemorrhaging back home. Iew is that yes, this is a huge bill. We are facing an unprecedented crisis. The economic collapse is steeper than any collapse since 1929, at a magnitude greater than and at a speed faster than 1929. If we dont intervene in a big an unprecedented collapse of the economy with tens of millions more losing jobs. Millions of businesses going under. And a recovery that will take a generation. We are trying to avoid the. Avoid that. The pain of a big bill and the cost of it is worth it if we can save the economy and make sure First Responders and governments and hospitals are able to serve the American People without interruption. Host let me ask you about your district, virginias 11th congressional district. What percent are federal employees in your area . We have at least 56,000 federal employees, but we probably have twice that in terms of federal contract foroyees, people who Work Companies that provide services to the federal government. In many cases, those contract employees work sidebyside with their federal employee counterparts, because they are embedded in the federal agencies providing services. Federal employment directly and federal employment slightly indirectly is a key driver in my county. Host from your standpoint, has this pandemic changed forever the way federal workers go about their business . Could we see a lot more telecommuting and perhaps other changes . I believe there are going to be consequences from this pandemic that are probably going to permanently change how we live and how we work. So certainly, the physical workplace is not going to be the same. Youre going to have to reconfigure the workplace so the people [indiscernible] many federal workplaces and private sector workplaces, for that matter, have cubicles where people are right next to each other. That is going to have to change. Telework, as you mentioned, is going to be a big part of our life moving forward. It should have been before. The Trump Administration curtailed it. We were not ready, as a result, when this pandemic hit. Rigorous telework is definitely in our future, i think permanently, and there will be other chances, as well, but we will be slow to recover and slow to reopen. President trump is talking about a robust, fast, knock your socks off kind of recovery. That is not going to be the case. Customers are going to be very reluctant to go back to restaurants the way they once were. I dont want to sit with 150 other people. I want lots of social distancing. I want to see the sanitary measures you are taking to clean the table. I probably want to see for a while, waiters and waitresses Wearing Masks. I want to make sure the kitchen is spotless and constantly disinfected. And likewise, going back to work. Im going to be nervous. Going to places of worship, im going to be nervous. That has implications for all of those sectors of the economy. And parts of the community, like parts of the community that we cherish and value. It will be a slow to a slow reemergence from this pandemic and a slower rate to something that gets back to normal. Host i know you have in touch with the governor north and the plan to reopen virginia. It now looks like part of the commonwealth will open. But Northern Virginia will still stay closed. Your unfortunately Northern Virginia has been disproportionately hit by this pandemic. Infection is going up. The number of deaths sadly is going up. Ont puts enormous pressure. Ur part of the state the governor has recognized there is a difference between what we are experiencing and other parts of the state. For more hotspot , or nursing home that became a hotspot. I cannot have one role uniformly enforced to everybody as we try to reopen. Or two,word of caution what we do not want to see is people in the strict shutdown region and up flocking to restaurants and nail salons and barbershops in parts of the state that have reopened those facilities. All we are doing to our mobility is moving the virus to other parts of the state. Worry in reopening at all before we have met the federal criteria, which is 14 days of decline and all of the metrics with respect to the virus without intending to, we could see reinfection rates in those parts of the state that were not so hardhit go up. I do not want to play with peoples lives, and i think ng on theight now erri side of caution makes a lot of sense. We heard that yesterday from dr. Fauci in his testimony before the senate. Host he represents the 11th congressional district. We thank you for being with us. My pleasure. Host tomorrow we will check in with the congressman from west virginia. Another 6296 infections here in the united states, over 1300 in the last 60 minutes. The death toll world ride world wide. Tomorrow evening with another prime time edition of washington journal. By asa be joined hutchinson. And the beijing bureau chief for the washington post, who will join us from new zealand 8 00 p. M. Eastern time. Hutchinson. 5 00 on the west coast. All of our coverage is Available Online at cspan. Org coro navirus. We are back tomorrow at 7 00 a. M. Eastern with washington journal. Stay safe and enjoy the rest of your evening. [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2020] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] cspans washington journal, live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. Thursday morning, genetics and medicine professor at Harvard Medical School discusses the science and Research Behind the coronavirus. Strategic Campaign Director will be on to talk about the Michael Flynn investigation, and President Trumps reelection strategy. Cofounder of the antitrump group, the lincoln project, discusses why his Group OpposesPresident Trumps reelection. Watch washington journal. Join the discussion. Tonight on cspan, federal Jerome PowellFederal Reserve chief Jerome Powell, and President Trump meets with governors of north dakota and colorado. Maryland governor larry hogan on the start of the reopening of his state. Ehouse select committee on the pandemic response. Live thursday, ehouse energy subcommittee. Mr. Bright said he was removed from his position at the health and Human Services at 10 30, the Senate Returns to work on a bill to reauthorize the foreign Intelligence Surveillance act. A final vote on the legislation at 1 30 p. M. The House Rules Committee meets to consider a resolution that would allow remote proxy voting in the house of representatives. Federal reserve chair Jerome Powell spoke about monetary and fiscal policy amid the coronavirus pandemic. He warned of the negative impacts, but expressed confidence in a few years the u. S. Could return to Economic Prosperity once the virus is under control. His remarks came in a virtual event. Chairman powell good morning and welcome to the Peterson Institute for international economics. It is my pleasure and privilege to welcome back jay powell, chairman of the board of governors to the Federal Reserve. As many of you know, jay, his service. I just want to remind people that he previously served as the under secretary of treasury