Had coronavirus and recovered . Is a test being developed to determine immunity . Yes. Test that determines not if you are infected but if you had been infected and you have what is called antibodies against the virus, which is a sign you have been exposed and infected, but could be an indication that you are immune and protected from reinfection with the identical virus. One that continues to circulate. There are a lot of unknowns. We still dont know yet the levelonship between the of antibody and the degree of protection. We are not sure what the total correlate to immunity is. The other issue that needs to be worked out is that many of these Antibody Tests have not been completely and totally validated by the fda and nih. We are in the process of validating, telling us they are consistent and reproducible. The bottom line answer to the question, when we get an Antibody Test that can be widely nistributed, we can get a idea of the general exposure of the population come which gets back to the question of the percentage of population could be asymptomatic infection. It ranges from 20 up to 50 . When we get the Antibody Test we will be able to tell much more accurately how many people, the relative proportion of the population, was actually infected and is protected against exposure. Marie in pennsylvania had the following question. There definitive guidelines on grocery handling, washing and eating. Is wiping with a clorox wipe enough if someone who is shedding the virus touched the product . Has a numbere cdc of guidelines. Not necessarily every single one you mentioned, but they have a group of guidelines. You can go to cdc. Gov or coronavirus. Gov and get a feel for that. Taking one thing you mentioned, there have been studies that the virus very limited time can live on some surfaces. Likedea of things doorknobs and frequently touched things, it is a good idea to the extent possible to wipe them down, particularly alcohol. This virus is sensitive to being killed by alcohol, alcohol swabs. The issue i say every time i get a chance is no matter what the guidelines are about those things, you have to wash your hands as often as you can, particularly when youre dealing with a respiratory infection that has a high efficiency of transmissibility. How often do you find yourself washing your hands . I sayuci i laugh when that. It is countless. As we say in medicine, too numerous to count. I have been washing my hands more than i ever imagined i would. Joining us from michigan. My family prays he will continue to make decisions with wisdom. In your experience what are some of the factors that have led to spreading so widely in the United States where ebola did not spread . Dr. Fauci there are a couple of reasons why. First of all the transmissibility, the more we sars, that is, of the degree of transmissibility that is highly efficient. Of supercouple spreaders with the original sars. In general the spread was due predominantly to people in close contact in a medical setting. People in waiting rooms, emergency rooms, and health care providers. When it comes to community spread, being next to someone who is asymptomatic and winding people in now, 6 welldocumented documented situations of outbreaks within the context and setting in which there was a person there that really was not symptomatic at all makes this an entirely different virus then the original sars, predominantly in its ability to be transmitted in a very efficient way. And secondly to be able to be transmitted by someone who is essentially asymptomatic. That is a real challenge for community spread, which we did not have a lotto with sars. Melissa from colorado. You are on with dr. Fauci. Hi, dr. Fauci. Very nice to talk with you. I have a question about in terms of using hydroxychloroquine in the u. S. , the number of deaths is there any data that would the people that have been in intensive care or in really bad shape and are treated with hydroxychloroquine and recover or the people that and didtreated with it not recover, any data on that . Dr. Fauci sure. Let me start off by saying the only way you can really definitively determine whether a particular interventional agent, in this case hydroxychloroquine, is effective and safe is if you do a randomized controlled trial in which you compare it to something. The something could be standard of care, that something could be another agent. There has been a number of anecdotal reports of people saying i gave it to someone and they did well. That is very difficult to make any determination about that, because often people do well even if you do nothing but standard of care. The short answer to your question is we need to rely on wellcontrolled, well followed, welldesigned Clinical Trials to determine definitively whether any drug, including hydroxychloroquine works. The other thing is that there is a safety issue, too. One of the issues with hydroxychloroquine is in some individuals it calls an electrical abnormality. This becomes particularly interesting if you are taking azithromycin, which can also do that. You want to make sure that when you start recommending something that you do it on the basis of a trial that has shown definitively that something works or not, and is safe or not. We received hundreds of emails. I will paraphrase one of the most common we had. Working been long days, seven days a week, and the question is how are you , holding up . Dr. Fauci i would say that i am running on fumes, but the fumes are ok. This is a challenge. We are dealing with a real bona Public Health crisis in the sense that it is something that is unprecedented. Mike sag, a good friend of mine who you have on the show, have been through difficult and challenging Public Health issues back in the day of hivaids, but that was something that turned out to be one of the most historically bad Public Health things that happened to our civilization, but it happened over a longer period of time. You know, the impact was much greater. Now you are getting a brandnew infection that has a high degree of transmissibility, with a high in somef morbidity individuals, and is acute, pressed into a matter of literally weeks or months. When people asked me, years ago, what is your Worst Nightmare . I said that, a respiratory illness, likely one that is brandnew and jumping from an animal, that has a high degree of transmissibility and a degree of morbidity and mortality that is significant. Always been a Public Health persons Worst Nightmare. Right now, that is where we are now. When you ask me how i am doing, it doesnt really matter. Im doing fine. The people we need to tip our , the brave people, the committed people of our Health Care Delivery system who are right now risking their own health, their own welfare and that of their families, by taking care of people who are critically ill with coronavirus disease. Those are the ones we should be concerned about. Dont worry about me, im fine. Vegas, nevada. As good evening. Quick question for the doctor . I am a teacher in vegas. I know im concerned, and a bunch of the other teachers and parents are concerned. We want to know, do you think its safe for the kids to go back to school . Dr. Fauci thats a great question. It really depends on where you are. We have a big country. If you look at it, we follow this on a daily basis. Dr. Deborah birx does a great job of getting all the data for us on the task force there is a. There is a big difference between new york city metropolitan area and someplace in the midwest or mountain region. Whether or not you reopen schools or close schools, you have to be careful that you dont have onesizefitsall. Its not like a light switch that goes on and off. Youve got to look at the penetrance of infection, what youve been through, where you are in an outbreak. Some outbreaks you know you are going to see them go down and everything is going to be fine. Others might be on the uptick. The short answer is that it is uniyou need to mention a dimensional. You need to look at where you are and what the infection looks like in your community. When you saw the fire , what was fire fauci your Immediate Reaction . Dr. Fauci this is the world that we live in. People see things like that all of the time. I think that is the result of an answer to a question that i was given to by a reporter. It was a valid question, it was a hypothetical question. Someone didnt like the way i firefauci. T, so they it does not bother me. But can the president fire you . It depends on what you mean. I am serving at his pleasure. I was with him for quite a while today. He has no intention of doing that. If for any reason you did leave, is there a plan in place for someone to take on the duties if that were to happen . I dont think its going to happen, i really dont, but if it does there are a lot of competent people around. Im sure they can get someone to do that. Did you have a conversation with the president about this . No. He said we were fine. He saw that. I had a chat with him and it was fine. Dr. Anthony fauci, thank you for being with us. Stay healthy, we wish you the best. Dr. Fauci its a pleasure to have been with you. Television has changed since cspan began 41 years ago, but our Mission Continues to provide an unfiltered view of government. We brought you primary election coverage, the president ial impeachment process, and of the federal response to the coronavirus. You can watch all of cspans programming on television, online, or our free radio app and be part of the National Conversation through the daily Washington Journal Program or our social media team. Cspan, created by private industry as a Public Service and brought to you by your television provider. At his daily coronavirus briefing, louisiana Governor John Bel Edwards spoke about the recent tornadoes that hit his state, noting there have been no fatalities. On the coronavirus he said louisiana continues to see encouraging figures in testing, case numbers, and hospitalization rates. This is 40 minutes