Continent of europe, whether that is the arctic, the issues of Climate Change and trade, whether it is migration, whether that is the big relationships with russia, china, and of course the United States, and whether it is issues that confronted in many different and challenging ways of which our guests will be able to talk extremely eloquently, in this case around the horn of africa. Alex needs probably no introduction to any of you. He has been the European Union special representative for the horn of africa for years now. It is based now in nairobi and have been working on issues that concern all of us throughout his long career, perhaps especially now on the horn of africa. Im going to begin by asking him a few questions and then invite you to join in the conversation. This is on the record. We have cspan here. We are delighted to see you. We hope the people watching this will enjoy it as much as you will. It is a great delight to have you here alex. Im a huge fan of everything you have done. And i know how much you have contributed to thinking through the issues, the policies, the ideas, the objectives of what europe, but not just europe, can do in the horn of africa. Then by telling us, geography of it, the politics of it. What do you cover . Well thank you, kathy. Good morning to everyone. Thank you for coming here. Guest. Ed to be your you are the one the first set me off on this. My hope was always that at least i would try to keep it out of the crisis for you. Thgeographically, the traditionl horn expanded to include somaliland,malia, part of somalia, kenya, and uganda. Someretches down into Eastern African issues. This in such a way that the remit was to be all things to all people. As the eu does, it has causes and subclauses to every text in order that it gives. But at the time, the real hot issue was somalia eight years ago. Piracy. How to deal with shabab. Where would somalia go . Somalia is part of the region. So the remit really became one where i was the only person who had such a role, which was unusual. Secondly, that a lot of the people, the leaders in the region i think were surprised, pleased, that there was an attention being given at the political level. Kind ofkly, you gave me an open book, as it were, to be as entrepreneurial as possible in dealing with all the different crises, but what emerged, and i think this is where from a european perspective, we could play to one comparative advantage that we had, which is that in the eu, we are dealing daily with squabbles among member states. The question is we created a framework within which at the very least you do not pull guns out on the whole, and we have not for a while. And therefore, trying to get a despitegion, which was its geographical name of the horn of africa, is a pretty disaggregated place, it is not integrated in a way that other regions are. Therefore, getting the countries among themselves to get used to finding ways of communicating with each other, preventing crises. The work that i think about doing stuff that does not appear in the public eye. Nor do i spend much time seeking permission to do something because you have to move fast. In order to resolve issues. It involved somalia and its neighbors, kenya, uganda, is he ethiopia, and certainly lately sudan, south sudan, sudan in its wider setting. As it develops, it has become called thehis region horn, one, begins to resolve its internal national dispute that it has, of which there are a number, and we will go into that , the relations among the countries, and the most recent challenges situating and helping a region navigate its way into a completely changed geographical landscape, the dynamics coming from the indian ocean, from the gulf. Totally altering the balances from a european point of view. As europe this is the sort of soft underbelly of europe. It is immediately below north africa. Is on one side of the red sea, where a lot of our trade goes through. Are we in this changed global setting . Given what is going on in the region right now, going to become spectators, or how do we engage and how do we define our interests as you rep in this change setting . There is a lot of firefighting and occasional attempts to be prophetic and translate that to some kind of longerterm policy. Ms. Ashton i told this story before a few times in my life, to then somalia got point of having some kind of government, i remember flying in on the cargo plane with you to the airport in mogadishu when the control the government had we hadbably fragile, and a hut and a flag in a bed and a bedside table. That was the embassy. We put you in it. I have a photograph of you lying on the bed in the hut. And then we raised the flag of the European Union as a means of showing that although we can hear there was a lot going on a mile away, we were committed to trying to support the people of somalia and through them, the people of the horn of africa. I mentioned that because that was for me kind of the beginning. Eight years have passed. What has changed . What is the thing you really noticed, or the things that really strike you different, good or bad . Thisos yes, it is country is going through a transition. This country, this region, and Key Countries within it, notably sudan and ethiopia, but also transitioned of a depth akin to what Eastern Europe went through in the early 1990s. That is how deep the changes in this region. That is the first thing to bear in mind. Secondly, we need to understand why this is happening. And we need to look at demographics. Under,the population is what, 30, 31, 32. Up andalwe all need to wake understand that his generation has now gone politically operational. We will be making a serious mistake if we think this generation should civilly be treated as numbers and a development project. You know, to have the umpteenth youth project. But in another direction, which is to say we intend to have a say in what we think we belong to. Do we outside understand what this entire generation it is a demographic tidal wave breaking over the politics of the region. That is just mathematical. You dont have to be a political tostal ball gazer understand that. Do we know enough . Do the leaders in these countries know enough about what is going on . What are the aspirations . What are their loyalties . That is the fundamental change. If you look at what happened in ethiopia, look at what happened in sudan, you see this youth bulge, as it were, just suddenly becoming political. Protest is meeting politics. Is politics capable of absorbing protest . Is really what is going on in this region. It will take different shapes. Therefore, what is happening in sudan and ethiopia, for example, 150 million people, those are the sheer numbers that are involved. The fates of both of those nations i think are up for grabs. What is happening is very exciting. Outside ready to speed up, scale up, get engaged in a way that is needed . Or will we be polite bystanders making interesting analysis while this goes on . Next question. Is the region has now become part of a whole new set of global competition that is going on. The politics and the geopolitics and geoeconomics as it were of the indian ocean have spilled over into the region. It is not what we are doing. It is not what the United States is doing. It is what china is doing. It is india beginning to show a real interest. It is the gulf realizing that they have a western flag, literally strategically doing a 360 degree turn, saying we have ignored the other side of the red sea. So the engagement i think is there. It is a reversible. Reversible. At the moment, what is happening is it looks as though a new scramble not just for this region, we should look way beyond. That scramble, the only difference, the methods are very super. It is about finding local clients, collaborators, and the likes. Westerners and former colonialists are bystanders and watching this. The assumption that we were players in this region is changing. Where that will go is huge. Implications. S alli think it behooves us not just to analyze it but ask us where we fit. Why . Final point, if we agree there is a new generation emerging, which will be decisive in how it defines the interests of their , andnities, their nations i working assumption is that many of the aspirations that generation has are not dissimilar to the aspirations we have in the west with our children. Are we doing enough to engage that generation . Very,licies have to be very carefully calibrated here because it is a very how can i put it . Plastic moment. The challenge as i put it to members of the European Union, are we going to end up on the right side of history . That is how deep the change is. I put the same question here, too, in the United States. It is unstable. It is uncertain. We have a view of stability, which includes acknowledging the popular will has a role if it is acknowledged. Many of the other players who have chimed in do not represent illiberalld calla an as opposed to liberal approach to politics. That is where we have to work out whether stability from the barrel of a gun can be replaced by stability created by patriot politics, which is what is being forced on some of these countries. Ms. Ashton one of the issues for europe and the u. S. Is in a world with so many different challenges that confront everyone, the crises always get ahead of what you might call the strategies that can prevent the crisis that may be coming towards you. Things, ifd change you could have the resources or get typical attention or whatever it is from the European Union or europe more generally, politicians and political thinkers in the u. S. , what are the ingredients you think could make a difference . You talked about being aware of the value of popular will. You talked about the players coming in from the gulf, china, india, so on. What is it you think europe, the u. S. Could and should do that could make a difference to the future of these extraordinary young people . Is ifndos objective one we agree there is a transition of tectonic significance that is going on, and it is the generational what, we will make sure that transition in political terms gets stabilized. We all say and everyone immediately when they engage in the transition say they will have an election. Everything the one of these countries will have an election in the next two to three years, well, one to three years. In countries going through profound changes where it is not quite clear whether the old still has a grip or whether the grabhat is coming in will the grip as it were on the political machinery, i think countries that do not yet have deeply embedded in Institutional Capacity to act as shock absorbers, and must address the competitiveness of electoral politics. To be done,re needs this is the next two or three years, otherwise frankly it becomes an interesting but academic debate. Where europe can step in and have the interest in doing so is to begin to convene everyone from outside to say, lets make sure that we do not pick apart and allow our region to be picked apart by the old methods of the past historically. About it would be bringing and talking to the gulf and engaging in a very straight discussion about this. The gulf i believe got a bit of a shock when they saw the reaction to some of what one or two golf players were doing at the beginning of the changes in sudan. Said they basically are objected to what some of the players were doing. Find. Mistakes occurred. Misjudgments occurred. But they reflect deeper inclinations. We need to get everyone around the table and come up with a common understanding on what it going to take to stabilize. Two, resources. The money is simply not there to meet the aspirations of people who had been told for years, weight and the good life will come. Frankly, in the meantime, the leadership was going to the global pawnshop and selling the family jewels. That has been what is happening. We have a massive debt problem that has reemerged, which is going to further create problems to meet the aspirations of this generation who are becoming very political. If they do not feel there is a purpose to which they will work, they will go in another set of directions and loyalties will go. Aboutrefore have to think how you mobilize money and say, we europe do not have enough for the United States does not have enough. It is not a policy at all. Do youicy is, how mobilize the Resources Available and work out, and what is the Business Plan and cash flow plan, if i may put it in simple terms, that may begin to address the aspirations . You said we cannot tell of 100 million ethiopians, 70 million our kids. Half of them kids. 30 years old. I take the liberty of saying that. Half of them are men who are unemployed. What do you expect when it comes to election time . What is it one is able to offer . I do not mean just charity. It is about real new types of investment. It is about getting governments to understand what can be done. If the International Community is not coherent, it will merely inklinge any incipient of it in the region. We will mirror each other and will be sitting in a few years time wondering what went wrong, and the answer would have been. That is the core question at the moment. I think we have to have the selfconfidence to say certain things we believe in and we are ready to invest in and bring others on board, and i mean anyone. The object is to put some coherence to the International System at the moment. At that, i have a lot of faith in an emerging generation which is totally wired and connected. Ok. They are talking across frontiers. They know everything that is going on globally. There is a nucleus there of new leadership that can be emerging and begin to reshape some of the politics in the region. That is what i think we need to be doing, but that has to be a strategic objective. If we do not stabilize the next few years, then there is the breathing space. They will say more clearly what it wants rather than what we think it should want. Is ashton my last question when you are lying in your bed in nairobi thinking about all these issues, thinking about the potential of this young generation and the connections they made, but also the challenges they are going to , we push which i described as the icing on the cake democracy, the assumption that gets made so often, particularly in countries going through the transition, which is chaotic, that only they can happen an election, everything will be fine, rather than understanding that does not give them all that democracy has to offer by any stretch of the imagination. When you think about the landscape, what keeps you up at night. Night . Mr. Rondos one is that there of sufficient individuals considerable influence in the region, but also outside. Whom it is not in their interests to go down this path. Deliberation is a painful, messy business. Democracy. Ok. Two, and here is i think the key issue that scares me, and i think we are asleep at the wheel. Yes, terrorism is there. I do not mean to in any way diminish it, but i am seeing Something Else. You asked me, what are some changes that have occurred in the last eight years that i have been doing this . It is what and i want to be clear. This is not just about this region. It is the rising criminalization of economies and politics. The we saw in west africa, international organized criminal syndicates are saying, the horn of africa, that is a useful place through which we can operate. The more you open up, people flow in. Likewise, regimes that are very closed actually are using criminal methods in the management of their economies. What is the point here . One of the things occurring with what the youth is saying when you really listen and look at the social media, they are asking the recently, where has the money gone . A question that many of us have asked of our own governments at other times. This is not unique to this particular region. This is fundamental. Simply talking about anticorruption is not it is a criminalization run by emerging riskls who risk, and the is they will begin to capture parts or whole of states. Now, fortunately, there are people in governments to see that and know it. But it is fascinating that this is what is emerging. If we do not wake up and understand, the terrorists are in effect piggybacking on this. It am effectively a self financing organization. This a terrorist organization or a mafia Operation Club wrapped in religion . These are questions we need to dig in much deeply. If we dont, we want to get surprised. With some really nasty stuff. Follow the money but get serious about it. Governments must do it and we must do it. We are on the record i will repeat it. We shouldsee why investing in a country where we are engaged in an exercise in the hazard. In negotiating the same people who stole the bank. Were being asked to get ready to put more money in. Im if i would ask european taxpayers to do that. Keep the indigent. Do the basic humanitarian but how do we address that . How do we address the factories in the region, their networks are complicit in this . The civilians to get control. Had 30a country which years the longest single islamist regime which created those havecartels, barely scratched the surface. Had we deal with that . If we dont get to the heart of that, we will have missed a trick and the people of the region will have felt that they have been tricked by words, quite projects, but in the meantime, money is running venezuela. Follow the money. Opportunity or comments and questions but all i would ask is if you could keep them really brief because we want to hear more from him important though you are. There is gentleman there. You just say who you are. I would appreciate if you would reflect on the somaliland in terms of its peace and stability in region and combating piracy. Somali land is in a historical position. This is in a region unique and africa which is that it has already seen you secessions legitimized. It europe would probably want to be the third that is legitimized. Is reality at the moment that i am not going to get into whether you will get recognized or not. That is for your neighbors, somalia itself, African Union and others. Doubtis absolutely no that as long as somaliland can to increase stability and a help in somaliland could help show stability of electoral processes and the like would actually to that. Right, you have right of it into the sand on that. Only time will tell. Is, thatuld suggest , udp aspirations notwithstanding, should be watching carefully what is happening more widely. Context withinr which somaliland can fit its patients in such a way that it doesnt become too new and particular but fits into a wider renal set of arrangements. Thats where the future lies. Itsvisavis somalia but neighbors. We need to get very imaginative and think outofthebox at the moment. X question. Next question. I have worked in kenya for a number of years. I wonder if you could share your thoughts on how you see kenya role specifically in the region. Their exporting security to somalia and things of that nature, the all struggles the kenya has and whether they are able to do or if they have a capacity to be an exporter of security or what roles do you see them in the corner of africa or at large . Is an economic powerhouse in the sense that it has an incredibly everything. Economy. Of making a question sure that every distribution within the system works. Secondly, kenya is going through its own exercise of reviewing its entire constitutional arrangement post 2007. Emblematic in a more sophisticated sense of what is happening in the region. How do yousue is, get accountability and how hard you decentralized and region where you still have incomplete metal projects . National projects . This the fascinating part of this region. Which of about federalism in sudan is theral same. How do you move behind on an ethnic country to Something Else . Kenya has its own version and they quit counties and the like and you have different views on this. Does them 48 points of corruption or accountability . A it is both. Anywhere not just kenya. Usually, it is both. If they can create greater cohesion within the country, that will make kenya a solid platform to play an Important Role in the region which is otherwise changing incredibly rapidly. Interments role in the rima kenya straddles east and Central Africa as well as the horn. Central is the whereas east and Central Africa is the economic central, at the end of this week, there of theg to be a summit Regional Organization it is very possible that at that summit, ethiopia will hand over the chairmanship kenya. That is option that people make. Away from the european side. We assume they will be happy to be as supportive as possible. Helping with idiopathic, helping with south sudan and the like. This roles on formally, it will bite off a chunk that it will have to chew on and we will have to be very helpful them. We will have to welcome it. We will let mike ask a question. I am with the u. S. Department of state. Want to do thank you for comments today and also thank you for your tremendous work in a role over the last eight years in a region of the world i have is the toughest neighborhood on the globe. Thank you for that. Wanted to ask about south sudan. It is in the news again today because the u. S. Department of state has announced that we are ambassador to express our unhappiness with the lack of progress. My question is not about that. Cure, hesg on some not the primary cause of all the problems, the south sudan conundrum is too complex to and it on any individual but he does hold all cards in south sudan or at least he holds the best hand politically. That itself becomes the disincentive for him to any reale or make personal or political sacrifices. Hisddition to that, in mind, he sees any solution that includes him stepping down from power and up with him behind bars. That becomes a disincentive for him to step down or give up power. His original electoral mandate as president read years ago but as long as the Peace Process staggers forward or runs in place he gets the office and see. My question is, how do you navigate a south sudan Peace Process when you have a session where such a powerful figure has little or no apparent incentive to affect change to mark . How do you deal with that . First off, i think he will have to work out whether he wherewithal toe actually take the country to the next stage. It is at a Tipping Point right now. There is an opportunity to gather together all of the parties and begin a whole process could perhaps begin to stabilize. It does he deal like you do that . Is he personally think he can do that . Is he beholden to his own constituency . Becomees, leaders beholden to their own constituency. We have to ask him that. Unrelated, south sudan has very influential neighbors who have played an role positively or negatively if fate and what has unfolded in south sudan. And it think the times has happened before in other parts of africa and this region need toe neighbors decide whether they need to step up to the plate and died what is plate and died what is in their collective interests and appropriate moves. Make the appropriate moves. Lets go to the back. My question is, how can you partner with Coalition Organizations to make her the responsibility and accountability remains of africa with existential security threats that are plaguing the continent specifically the horn of africa . If your question is about working with the African Union, we do an awful lot of work with the African Union. 10 years ago, we got into the whole Security Side by supporting amazon. Troops are being supported by the eu and the u. S. It our own way. That is what keeps it going. As time hasthat gone by, the relationship with for beingn has moved one of rhetorical sympathy to practical cooperation. Into various new them,ies or get mugged by so we will have to adapt and see how that relationship builds. It is the bedrock of a relationship. Im saying this beyond talk of help nice multilateralism is. It will be nice that there is an entity with the efrin union who can provide a hat through which one can conduct much of the corporation. Beyond charity, there is trade. The biggest issue. The African Union is an important conduit. To africans gather order negotiate among themselves to be will to negotiate with us. That is the caller. Core. Thank you. My question is about brexit. If and when it happens, will it have any influence the policy of the horn of africa at the eu policies . I dont know this is Wishful Thinking or perhaps the concern of other parties that britain might recognize somaliland. Brexit is going to have significant effects. The i speak as someone who thinks it damages the u. K. And europe. Africa is the horn of narrowly aware within the eu, the u. K. Played in keeping people focused. By champions championing the region, when the champion sets out there is a very issue that emerges. For the eu but also for the countries of the region. What they are asking themselves is, what do we that are now . Is it the u. K. Alone that can deliver for is it the eu and if it is the behemoth copy you, these are the debate could go on. Its impossible to answer unpacky question it will itself in time. There is no doubt, there will be duration that goes on. Like after brexit. There is life after brexit. Be the eu, the u. K. , and the region. Out of that, slowly things will emerge. Lets go to the back. Thank you, mr. Ambassador. It you have given us a clear picture of how things might keep you awake in the evening. We have been looking at this question of economy and in much of be read the arab middle east. You seem to be calling for a National Regional sometimes global effort on investment led growth that would start matching education with opportunities. That idea, three things you let the u. S. In particular to do to move in that direction . One, it is purely a psychological thing. I would beg of the u. S. To show clearly that it is concerned and engaged. Because there are many in africa the wonder if there is a disparagement occurring. This is in terms of political psychology. Is very important. I come back to my original point which is that in the gym up there is an entire generation emerging who i think would really welcome that. No point in casting versions but there are parts of the world in which indicated african may not see his future being shaped. Number two, it is not about how much money one puts in. Is the money that one mobilizes. It is quality not just quantity. Think there again, the u. S. Needs to be very. Three, terrorism is there what we are discovering and you will know what being involved in groups canrorist emerge out of plane bed local government. There is no reason that the need to become what it became. Mean we are when its what happened. It does mean that we need to take a much wider view of what we mean by counterterrorism. This thing about violent extremism. To miss all euphemistic blather. That is all euphemistic blather. Violent it in which case, supported by what . Lets get targeted and clear about that sort of thing. Dilutes to sometimes what needs to be a very sharp and discussion. Killint is, trying to members of cheval but at what point do we reach a point of diminishing returns . I am just about the United States. As a general issue. I use this as just one example. Do we have edges in order . Theyre a come back to the point i was making earlier. These kits are no longer really being financed. They have become self financing. Its to pick that apart and find out who their collaborators. There are others who are in business doing that. I am a student. My question has to do with chinese influence. If war chinese influence in the horn of africa, what does it mean for those individual countries . That is one of the biggest questions around i am glad you raised it. There is a danger of misrepresenting china so it just becomes part of a global demonology as it were. China is in africa. China is itself discovering something. Saying thatt simply texting because a country wants they are discovering that different people within these countries have different views. About what is the nature of its investment. I think that is where there is an interesting discussion to be had with china. In places like sudan or if you south sudan had reminded china that you cannot separate commerce from political realities. It of the east india company. It will be with others think that you can keep the separation. I think therefore, this is what we areuggesting earlier, at an interesting strategic moment where a real discussion can begin with all of those people who want to invest in africa. Who are we to say they should not . The claimant can we all decide on some rules to this game . The will therefore benefit afghans. The guy dont say that out of an act of charity. Africa is going to have 2 billion citizens and refiners time. Stable andce that is is offering some degree of prosperity to its citizens if not they are all going to be on the move. There countries, beyond their countries, beyond the continent. That is migration issue but it speaks to enter and settlement. I think that is a conversation that needs to be put straight on the table. Think is pointless. Fingerpointing is pointless. Thank you for your insight as always. A couple of related questions, i would like to hear your thoughts about the gulf engagement especially in sudan. Qatar has been. It seems like the new military authorities have looked to the saudis and emma ross especially to qatar. A purpose instead of messaging between the eu and the sudan . W we gulf role in the answer to the last question is yes. With the u. S. Envoy. Partly to convey certain sudan, and forward. S an objective sudan in order to become eligible for any support digital institutions because it has 60 countryand, it is a that is to go from running off budget to on budget. We have the same issue with somalia. It. E schwartz knows that, we need ensuren the gulf to help the country gets on budget. In sudan, 70 of the official budget is related to anything. That is probably the tip of the iceberg of the money flows in sudan. Though to Work Together that sudan begins to demonstrate that it is managing its economy in such a way that is transparent that meets the standards of pr stand, economics better than i do. And her to do that, the first thing that has to be achieved in sudan get a peace agreement. The reason there is so much security investment or ally for the security investment was is is 30 years civil war. All the stars are aligned to put an end to it. There, the gulf can be helpful because some of the parties inflict little for patronage and the like. There is a question that is continuing the whole time with them on their and is not closed door. Them on their and is not closed door. It backwards and forwards. At the end of the day, it is about how you get control of the cartels who have been running the economy of sudan the last 25 years. Where into our last few minutes. Take the last few questions in groups. I am going to ask you about ethiopia and how you see shinzo abes ability to manage a good regional agenda which seems overwhelming. There is a lady just there. Thank you for the conversation. Could you speak to the prospects for debt restructuring and what happens over and that is not restructured . Over the region. Let me start on ethiopia. Steve is a difficult one. Here is country that is 100 million people. It is like a dam and if the center does not hold, things fall apart. To quote a succession of great writers. [indiscernible] knows that. He also came into power of theanding the nature federalism that had been built up in somalia was once the risk entrenching and inevitable fragmentation. Nevertheless and a country that has its own deep history and , her its own any qualities is having to balance how do you create a new sense of i . We all should be encouraging him it is all about how you develop momentum to us if you stand still, things tend to go wrong. On the other hand, too much ,omentum to send provokes things start to move and ricochet and it can become dangerous. Were are at that point. The security of the wider region, Prime Minister shinzo abe a is entitled to our opinion. We should be rather clear about what our interests are. Are activeether we and clear enough bazaar. So are other parties in ethiopia. With ethiopia,ng given our with a degree of kid disserviceh does a to ethiopia and also to our own interests, time to be fairly open, direct in private discussions. This is a country that is so important. And breaks, all the discussions about the horn of africa are moved. This is not yugoslavia which imploded. Ethiopia straddles every other country around. It will be infected by that. That is the core strategic question. Itre again, i think we owe to ourselves and the ethiopians ine active, more vocal conveying how we see things. Debt. You are asking someone who can only cant own checkbook. Cant keep his own checkbook. [laughter] was the famous Jubilee Campaign to eliminate debt and everything. On. Now, we find ourselves with a lehigh debt ratios. We have worked on how we got there. So this group of under our noses . Up under ourreep noses . Also is of countries have been involved in this. We also know that governments in the region have become aware that they climbed in. We offer good regional meals but it is a bit boring. Others offer cocaine. [laughter] you get hooked on cocaine is difficult to off of it. This is the debt issue. Who took on the debt . Others went and had a referendum on it. Lets start getting focused. Who engaged in that debt . Bought off . Is extant about it. Who are to know officials who signed off on sovereign debt load . He wants off that question. And perhaps others should be asking that also. That,bt question is one it will get you restructuring and china will be engaged in those discussions and the imf and everyones will get engaged. I am to bit of a senate. Will kick the can down the road. They will talk about restructuring a debt but will they restructured the political economy that created the debt . That is the real issue. I come from greece. I know that we did not scratch the surface. Of benefited and who did not. I come with a certain passion into this one. Lets the mistake again. In there countries distance are going to pay the price of that debt, because the family jewels and to the pond shop by a group of leaders, washington pay the price . That is a very political i am sure theion economists and the Financial Gurus will give into language on. That is the next train wreck. If this is not currently. Makewant to help, lets the next generation of africa financially literate. So they know how to ask the right questions of every decision that is made. If that helps you . I am sorry but we are out of time. Alex has quite a schedule for today. Agomember over eight years sitting in the back of a car with you driving through athens when you talked about your passion for a part of the world where you have grown up. My being in all of your combination of entrepreneur and diplomat rolled in one. Years on, i remain in all of you. You artists asked of us. Many thanks. [applause] thank you everyone. Thanksgiving. Happy thanksgiving. [indiscernible room chatter] if you missed any of our live coverage, is available to view right now. We have more like programming coming up together with a discussion on u. S. Relations and policies with iran and iraq is today at 12 00 eastern but for you here on cspan. We have more from hudson with a discussion on chinas level in a competition between china and the u. S. In the end region. Indo pacific region. Can watch it online or watch it here on cspan. Shorttoday following a house session, we will take you to the white house where President Trump and Melania Trump will continue the 30 of the turkey pardoning. Today, to birds will be featured. You can watch that live right after house at about 2 00 p. M. Eastern here on cspan. Campaign 2020 is with President Trump live today at 7 00 p. M. Eastern as he holds a Campaign Rally in sunrise, florida. His first changing his residency from new york to florida. Cspan. Org ornd listen on the go with the seat print radio app