Transcripts For CSPAN Hearing On Modernizing Library Of Congress 20240713

We will hear testimony from dr. Carla hayden. This is a little more than an hour. [indiscernible] chairs the committee for the library which is particularly helpful that you could be here with us today and also a member of the committee. This is particularly valuable in her role that we will be in the discussions we have been having. These types of oversight hearings. We want to give the agencies that help they need and we are glad to be here with the library and, dr. Carla hayden, with mr. Karyn temple,d the registrar of copyrights. Thank you to all of you for being here. I think that i want to talk primarily about the modernization. We had a chance with dr. Hayden to talk about the Physical Plant to ideas of making the library even more of an experience for people that visit there. I think we want to talk more about how the modernization of at the libraryts are coming together and how all services are being benefited by that. The library performs a lot of functions for us, historically. One of those functions has been the Copyright Office. Initially, that was to be sure that the library would be a clear recipient of the great treasure of the copyrighted documents that would become part of the librarys collection. Hasthe Copyright Office always been a part of the library. Today, we are taking a deeper look into the Copyright Office and we are glad the registrar is here with us. But also i. T. And modernization generally. Think we will focus mostly on the copyright process and i. T. But we want any discussions you want to have about challenges you are having or successes you are having as you move in the direction of more uptodate i. T. And more uptodate protection including Cyber Threats being real. Iny are particularly real some of the information that you are dealing with. Dr. Hayden and i got to know each other well in 2016 when we were able to Work Together to be sure that she became the First Library and in a long time to be the library and of congress and we have been pleased to Work Together since then. Reallyo the arrival of all three of you in these was veryobs, the gao critical of the library, the Copyrights Office and information to elegy. The Government Accounting Office identified a lack of storage strategic planning, information and Technology Investment management and weaknesses in Information Security and privacy. They recommended that the library hire a permanent chief Information Officer which it did. And that chief information would professionalize and centralize the Information Technology needs at the library which hopefully we will find out today that you are doing. As a librarian, dr. Hayden you are ultimately responsible for the management and success of the library as a whole which includes the Copyright Office but of course, we look to the registrar of the Copyright Office to be responsible for what happens there every day and have the working relationship with the two of you that is a central to making that happen. Barton, we arer. Glad youre here and we are looking forward to how you are taking this job and making it work in ms. Temple, we spoke some last year in this committee and we had a proposal to even make your selection slightly different and may be outside the normal Selection Process that had traditionally been for the library of congress. That did not pass. View was that the situation would stay as it was. The staff of the rules committee has spent a lot of time with all three of you in recent months to make sure this is working the way that it needs to work. It is hard to talk about trade policy or a lot of other policy without talking about the importance of protecting information and copyrights and other patents and other things. So this is a very real topic. March,our last review in as i mentioned before, of the library and what the library was doing. Glad the three of your here today to talk about this. And i am particularly pleased that senator udall could carve out the time to be here as part of this as well. Senator, i turn to you. Senator udall thank you, so and you aren blunt a good friend and we have worked on a lot of issues together and he why so much for holding this hearing. The library of congress is an Important Institution and i am pleased to see the committee taking an active role to make sure it is healthy and strong and i want to thank all of the witnesses here today including dr. Hayden, ms. Temple, and mr. Barton and i also have worked with dr. Hayden a lot over the course of her tenure over there and have really enjoyed developing a deeper relationship. Say the library is an american treasure of immeasurable value. 100 70 million items including the Worlds Largest collection of legal materials. Its landmark buildings c 2 million visitors a year and there were 114 million visits to its websites last year. And the Copyright Office is critical to the Publishing Industry worth over 1 trillion every year. Copyrights are especially important in my home state of new mexico where artists and the Creative Economy are significant and are a significant growing part of our states activities. Value,tion to its public the library is fundamentally essential to our work in the legislative branch. Some people may think that members of congress are misinformed or ill informed, but imagine what it would be like without the use of this research service. And Online Services like congress. Gov keep us up to date and informed with nonpartisan information. Reliedny americans, we day in and day out on the information provided by the law of congress to make the library of congress to make important decisions. Committees job to make sure the library is well run, uptodate, and prepared for the future. Future generations will thank us. Yourayden, i know you when team have been working diligently to modernize and grow the i. T. Infrastructure of the library of congress and the Copyright Office. Digital technology is crucial to the librarys a balding operations. Encouraged with the pace that the Government Accountability Office Recommendations have been implemented. I worked on federal i. T. Reform on a bipartisan basis for many years and i know it is not easy. Big i. T. Projects are tough enough in corporate and arises a mucheral agencies face different budget process and unique organizational issues. Federal chief Information Officers have learned a lot of lessons and developed best practices in recent years and i urge the library to seek out those best practices and Work Together for success. About thehearing progress to improve the librarys infrastructure and off and operations, process in improving accessibility of the librarys unique collections and historical artifacts like Thomas Jeffersons draft of the declaration of independence and the contents of abraham pockets the night he was assassinated. These moments can be preserved and made accessible. Along those lines, i want to highlight one of the librarys ongoing initiatives the endeavors. Story making accessible personal accounts from war veterans so future generations can hear directly from veterans and better understand the realities of war. With a approaching, i will be interested to hear an update on that project. Helping native american tribes protect their historical and Cultural Resources is also a high priority for me. Have spokenit we about that before and we know it is a priority for you. I hope we can continue to Work Together on the tribal engagement as well as the librarys language and other resources for tribes. And i look forward to our panels today and i yield back to the chairman. Chairman blunt thank you, senator udall. Hayden coming your full testimony will be in the record and you can deal with it however you want. I would also ask that my remarks comments anddalls any that the panel would like to make no into the record without objection. Dr. Hayden, we are glad you are here and we will let you testify. And then everyone will get their share of questions. Dr. Hayden. You, chairmanank and senator udall. I welcome the opportunity to be here today to give you an update on the librarys modernization and especially the Information Technology and work with the Copyright Office. I want to thank the committee for its ongoing support of the library in general and with the librarys i. T. Modernization. Three years ago, in this very room, during my confirmation the manywe discussed challenges and opportunities presented by the librarys Tech Knowledge he. And i am excited to be able to tell you today that we have significantly improved the librarys Information Technology. Differenty is a organization from what it was just a short time ago and over , we havefew years stabilized our core i. T. Structure, we have streamlined and strengthened our i. T. Governance and we have centralized and professionalized our i. T. Workforce. Has allowedd work us to close and implement nearly 95 of the gao recommendations made in 2015 and we keep working until we close 100 by the end of this year. The Copyright Office is a tough agency. And were making progress in upgrading the systems to register. So the systems are automated, integrated, and easier for the public to use. And thanks to the generous support from congress, the library is one year into a fiveyear effort to design and enterprisewide copyright system. And it keep progress moving forward, the Copyright Office has now hired a Senior Technical Advisor in place to help manage and plan i. T. Modernization and also to enhance the collaboration between the and the agencye technology staff. Year 2019, the Copyright Office and the office of the chief Information Officer jointly engaged in User Experience outlook outreach to stakeholders. This fiscal year, the library will release a limited pilot of the first fully digital copyright record agent system. We will also complete a prototype of a searchable Records Management system and begin the initial development for the next generation of online registration systems. I want you to know that i believe in my team leading this effort. Seniorr karyn temple, Information Officer but barton and i believe together we will deliver a modernized copyright system. We also completely overhauled the technology that powers every part of the library. Officer, information mr. Barton, is working with the Congressional Research service to implement a new research and Information System and it will make use of the latest technologies. The National Library for the blind and the disabled is completely rethinking how it delivers content to people with reading difficulties. Completelyrary has digitized the u. S. Statutes at large and, in collaboration with the Government Printing office, we have digitized the congressional serial set dating back to 1817. So by embracing user focus outgn and we have rolled products to millions of users. And lastly, our Digital Strategy agencywide is leveraging technology to find innovative ways to reach more people. And so, with these efforts, we are moving ahead with a challenging but achievable task of transforming the library into a more digitally enabled agency and are still and there is still a lot of poor to be down but we have made great progress so i thank you again for inviting me to a date update the committee with my colleagues and we welcome your questions. We are glad you are here. We will clearly have time to ask questions. I think we will try to stay at about five minutes segments and we will go back and forth. Senator hyde smith will be back in a moment and will be here for questions as well. Ms. Barton, which you share your progress . Mr. Barton i started in september 2015. In response to the idea that someone needed to come in and be the chief Information Officer. A sense of how far you have come from the day you have walked in and particularly since the library and took her job in 2016. Mr. Barton thank you for the question, sir. It is a great opportunity for me thee able to reinforce talent we have at the library therding i. T. And professionalism displayed by the staff. In the gao audit found there was so theyf oversight and suggested that the library hire a chief Information Officer. When i first came in, it was apparent to me that it was not a lack of talent or capability. It was really a lack of vision and oversight on the i. T. Organization. The library had been pretty much working in a siloed fashion. And as im sure we will discuss a little more through the hearing, visualization was something that would help. In other words, making decisions about i. T. At the agency level regarding Strategic Direction. And then making sure those decisions of for the Strategic Direction would not interfere with the needs of the individual units to have specialized i. T. To perform their business mission. I first arrived, i testify that my goal was to make sure that the findings of the ge gao audit were addressed in a way that did not just check a box. I was not here to make sure that we closed the audit findings but to make sure that the root cause of the findings was addressed and in such a way that we were not put back into the same situation in a matter of years. Of thanks to the support congress from a budgetary perspective, we have been able to address 95 of those findings and i expect we will close all of those findings by the end of this calendar year. We have submitted the evidence necessary to the gao and are expecting backandforth conversations with them through the rest of this year on getting those closed. Made isress we have significant. And it covers every domain of i. T. From the discussions i have had with the gao and the team that was here. It was the first time they had made that broad of a recommendation. The number of recommendations was significant. Over 100. And in every domain of security and in every domain. The biggest progress we have made is insecurity. And im very proud to say that at this point, all of the major systems within the library have now obtained what we call an authority to operate which means the security of those systems has been validated, tested, and compared to miss standards nist standards, the body we look to for establishing standards. On that topic, let me go to ms. Temple. Topic,security intellectual property is clearly one of the things that we are for good reason most concerned about. One of the big targets of cyber espionage. Do you feel good about where we are headed in terms of the security of the information that is entrusted to the federal government through you in your job . Security is one of the most important aspects of the development of our i. T. System and i am pleased the library has taken such a huge Digital Security as we move to digital technology, we receive a host of different types of work from feature films to important books to works that have not even been released to the public yet, so security is a critical asset aspects, so that is one of the things we are focusing on. You have worked in the office for some time. Yes. I have. Inwhat is the difference security concerns are your sense of security now compared to five years ago, or whatever number you want to give me . Ms. Temple the main difference is the focus that we have been placing on security. Acknowledging and recognizing how critical it is to the systemsnt of our it and really making sure that every level, security is considered. The focus and prioritization of security is one of the main differences from where we were years ago. Ount you have had this permanentlyor the for aated person relatively short time, so we are back in 2014, somebody else was back at the copyright at that time. Hayden, i amr. Aware that the library is implemented a new Digital Strategy by transitioning to a new tier three level data center. This investment is key to helping the library Deploy Technology to expedite and expand Digital Access to the vast collection of books and media. Last time you testified before the committee, you stated that the library was in the process of migrating applications to the new data facility. Your testimony today provides an update that you are moving forward to transition operations by the end of fiscal year 2020. Could you expand upon your testimony and discuss the progress of this move including progress on migrating data to Cloud Services. As we mentioned before, we are looking at and making sure that we have a capacitiesstorage and that includes the cloud, and also physical Storage Capacity as well because of the nature of the materials that we are storing, some need to be on site and mr. Barton has been he knows that i have been very concerned in making sure that we are able to make that migration , very effective without losing any data. Mr. Barton can give you the precise. Sen. Udall that would be great, mr. Barton . Mr. Barton thank you, sir. The move out of the Madison Building that we termed the production, the actual, usable content is supposed to be complete by the end of the fiscal year. A lot of that content, especially those that are sensitive that need to have security controls around it will be maintained in the new data center that we have fitted out, and that will be complete by the end of the fiscal year. We will also be migrating our nonsensitive public releaseable, the things that general public reviews into the cloud in a lot of respects so it is a faster an less physically, from equipment perspective, things we have to worry about funding. Can youll ms. Temple, update the committee on the progress of shifting Copyright Office data to this facility as well as the Cloud Services including the benefits you expect to see and the challenges you face . Ms. Temple yes. I will defer a little bit in terms of exact schedule, but we are on track in terms of beginning to migrate our data over to the data center. Bee of the other data will housed in a Cloud Service as we are developing a new system as well. We are working closely with ocio in terms of schedule and timeline for that process. Sen. Udall dr. Hayden, i understand that expanding access to make the library; unique selections unique available to all users is a part of the strategic plan. The american project of the American Folk Life Center is of interest. Inoffice discovered that mexico there were a low number of stories considering the High Percentage of active duty and veterans in our state. This, i say gold from my staff to collect at least 50 stories from new mexico veterans including one from every 33 county. 2019, i am proud to say that my office as collected over 80 interviews. It was an eyeopening experience. Onm especially focused enlisting the help of other Community Partners around my state to continue collecting interviews and other materials from hispanic veterans and for pueblos, apache tribes, and the navajo nation. Can you update the committee on how this fits into the library . Dr. Hayden i am pleased you asked that question because i just returned from rhode island with senator reid, and senator wyoming collecting interviews and adding to the over 100,000 oral testimonies of veterans. The inclusion of the gold star families has been very important. We are making sure that we work with congressional offices and we want to thank you for conducting the interviews. You are so correct about the fact that it is it can get emotional, and there are a lot they do notwho feel have a story to tell, but we try to make sure they know, and people who have lost their loved ones can contribute to the veterans history project and talk about that. We are0,000 already and working to make sure that we reach out to the native communities so we have added many oral histories and have a special focus in working with the National Museum of the American Indian on that project as well. It is very successful, and it is something that we hope people inl realize is so important terms of stories to be told. In our new orientation center, we will have a special section for veterans history project and people, the 2 million visitors will all know they can record their stories. Hopefully, very soon, on their digital devices. Sen. Udall thank you. Just to let all members know that you do a really good job training us to do this, so thank you very much. We hope you will visit new mexico and take our recorded interviews back when we get ready. Thank you so much. I think we will have time for a second round of questions. But for your first question, senator hyde smith. Sen. Hydesmith thank you for being here today. Morek forward to learning about the monetization of the library of congress and the Copyright Office, because i know it is certainly vital to the growth and division of expanding access to our nations collection. Outstandinglity is and it is one of my Favorite Places here in washington dc. I thank you for all of your efforts. My question, the effort to centralize i. T. Across the library has included transferring both people and resources from your individual including theand Copyright Office to the office of the chief Information Officer to execute technology activities. This can be for who wants to answer it. Tracks explain how ocio and utilizes the funds appropriated for copyright modernization on behalf of the Copyright Office . I would like to start and thank you for the question about addressing the benefits of centralizing i. T. Efforts and projects in the library in general. That was one of the major challenges and major focuses of the i. T. Modernization effort, refer to that. Contract expenditures, resources, it we can track equipment, we can professionalize personnel, and also additional security. When you have a number of units dealing with security, that is difficult. Allowedtralization has us to track all of our expenditures and keep a better view of enterprise allies, enterprisewise, what i. T. Is. I am very pleased to report that centralization has been helpful in so many ways. Thank you for the question. We have two prongs. One is overall from an i. T. Funding management perspective. We are in the middle of implementing something called the Technology Business model. This is something the executive branch has been working on for several years, industry has been working on for several years, and while we may not be as far along as some of the agencies that started ahead of us, we have made Great Strides and we expect by the end of this fiscal year, we will have our tool in place that gets us down to a level of fidelity on where we are spending i. T. Funding that we can make a much more informed decisions about what is working and what is not working. With regards to the Copyright Office, we have a regularly scheduled, every other week meeting with the chief Financial Officer of the library, chief Financial Officer of the Copyright Office, and my i. T. Funding manager. And we go over in detail what is the funding that is being used for the copyright modernization ,ffort, where it is being used contracts, personnel, and all of the resources involved in the i. T. Modernization for the Copyright Office. Sen. Hydesmith thank you. Thank you. Theome, i am a big fan of library of congress and what you all do in your staff, please know that. I am sitting here talking to my wonderful colleague from new mexico about the veterans history project count me in. We will or listening, be participating with you in the great state of nevada. We have some incredible veterans that i have met and heard their stories. Believe it or not, there is a 130,000 population of filipinos, many of those, veterans. I would love to capture their stories if they are not captured, so we will follow up. Let me follow up on the enterprise copyright system and it seems to be the topic this morning. I know that as a part of the goals for this updated system, it is to improve Public Record searches and typify that five the process and simplify the process of records. And you said it will be highlighted in the spring of 2020 . Sen. Udall yes. Dr. Hayden yes. Sen. Masto how do you measure the success of the Pilot Program . Copyright we have a modernization office, and we also have regular tracking of progress, and we are about to have a critical pass opportunity that we can overlay everything that is happening with copyright modernization, but i will defer to miss temple. And also include whether the public will be able to provide feedback as well. Ms. Temple for your last statement, it is critical to have the public provide feedback as we develop our system. This will be piloted in spring of 2020 going from paperbased system to a digital system for the first time, so that is something very exciting for us. We have established a group of companies and individuals who will participate in the pilot, but as we continue to on the to iterate pilot, we will start getting feedback from participants as to how the system works, is it as easy as we thought it would be, are there changes that we need to make, and that is one of the benefits of the agile methodology in terms of the System Development that will be able to quickly take that feedback and at add onto the existing system and change it as users provide feedback. Sen. Masto thank you. Mr. Barton, you mentioned before that one of the librarys Biggest Challenges is storage. I know when i was visiting with some of your staff, we talked a little bit about that. Can you talk about the work of the library is doing to address the current storage problem . Barton we are taking several prongs to the storage issue. Stabilization was the first phase. Second phase of the i. T. Modernization was what we called optimization and then modernization. They were not necessarily sequential. We are doing a lot of those activities in parallel. The optimization part is making sure that where we need storage, we are using the right type of storage. If we are presenting information to the public, we want that information to appear on the computer screens instantly. We want to make sure something was here for posterity and available, it is not something that needs to be retrieved rapidly in a matter of milliseconds, so that would be in less a less expensive form of storage. That is one of the avenues, making sure we are using the right types of storage for the type that is needed. The other part is looking at options from the priorities of ownership. Cloudbased storage, we would consider something that is less expensive for us to maintain, because we are not in the position of having to replace the hardware. So making sure we are taking advantage of all of the options from a storage based perspective is a high priority for us to make sure it is being done correctly and efficiently. Sen. Masto thank you, and thank you for the testimony today. Earlier when you mentioned moving from the Madison Building to the new storage facility, how much would that physically be stored and how much of it is being digitized and moved to the cloud or however you are doing that differently then was the case a few years ago . Mr. Barton great question. We are attempting to get all of our analog written materials digitized in a way that they are accessible by the citizens of the United States and worldwide. Now, i would have to get back to you on exactly what number is digitized and what is not. It is a constantly growing requirement. When i first arrived, we were dealing with we counted our content as 160 million items. Wase testified today, it 170 million items. 10 million items in less than four years on an analog basis. That is something that will be a challenge for us and we are implementing a process to look at what is the best way to make this happen. I know the Copyright Office has a really good story on storage that i do not feel qualified. Ms. Temple, lets hear that story. [laughter] ms. Temple what mr. Barton is alluding to is our efforts to digitize our Public Records. One of the things we were really excited to release to the public last year, earlier this year was in march of 2019, we did our final release of our virtual card catalog. On that, we were able to give access for the first time to over 41 million images that were previously physical images where you had to come into the Copyright Office to get access to those documents. Nowhere is completely digitized and put into a digital database for people to be able to access from whatever they wanted to. That is something that we are really pleased about. We are continuing to digitize the remainder of our Copyright Office records, and that is one of the work strengths we have for modernization this year. Will hopefully be able to pilot a Public Record system where we will be able to add in the virtual card catalog records that are digitized as well as the records we are digitizing now, and work on how we might be able to make all of those records available in some way to the public. Digitization, the do you that with outside contractors . Ms. Temple yes, we have been working with fedlink and outside contractors to digitize the additional records beyond the card catalog. We have 26,000 record books that we are hoping to digitize and make the information from those record books like copyright registration number, author, title, available in a database where people want to come online and be able to easily search the copyright status of copyrighted works. Sen. Blunt in the department, i used to be the Top Republican on that appropriating committee, they have a number of cios, but any big project has to be cleared by the central usda cio, do you own an outside contract on information, would that go through a clearance process with the library as well . Ms. Temple yes. Sen. Blunt i can answer that. Is managed by the library. Contractingat for and services for other federal agencies and libraries. Is that is a part of the centralization of the standards and the operation of any i. T. Has a review. Temple, doess. That process were quickly enough in your review and certainly gives you a safeguard you otherwise would not have . Ms. Temple yes. Obviously, all people in the government would love things to work more quickly than they do, but yes, we have an efficient process where what we itis work with both ocio, if is an i. T. Related project, to send that through the centralized contract process. The digitization side which is more of a business site project, that also does, though the resulting contracts will go through the Contracting Office within the library we will work with them whether through fed link or outside vendor to develop that contract and get the solicitation out and approved and work with the Contracting Officer which will be in the librarys Contracting Office to make sure that contract is operating smoothly. Sen. Blunt i think initially the reason the Copyright Office was to ensurey the collection, so one question i would have all this material out there, do you still have the kind of relationship, dr. Hayden, you need for best addition, deposit requirements so you are getting for your deposit, what you think is what the library really needs to have in that digitized form as well as the other forms . Depositen the requirement has allowed the library of congress to have one of the most comprehensive collections in the world. It is now the largest collection in the world. It is such a benefit to be able to have an opportunity to select from the deposit requirements, so we are very pleased. I want to take an opportunity to commend the virtual card catalog project, even though it is 41ords, just to think of million cards in catalog drawers. That was a major undertaking. Visualize a card catalog set with 41 million cards. Sen. Blunt how often is the old card catalog cabinet used now . Come to thell office to use it, but now that people are aware of the fact those cardan access catalogs online, we are going to take advantage potentially of ,he space and save some space and probably decommission the physical card catalog and direct more people to go online as it is becoming more enhanced. Quite ant people have bit of affection for card catalogs. We even published a book about card catalogs. Different ending. Udall thank you very much. When you last testified in march dr. Hayden, you and i discussed tribal concerns with the proposed rule for music modernization act that deals with the pre1972 recordings. Since then, the Copyright Office has issued its final rule, the rule did not include a Public Domain exemption for pre1972 tribal, cultural recordings because according to the Copyright Office, it would exceed the offices regulatory authority. This question is for you and ms. Temple. Are you working with tribes to continue addressing this issue and if so, what are you doing and what can congress do to assist your office . Sen. Blunt we have several initiatives with making sure that we preserve and make the Cultural Heritage of native cultures. We have the federal cylinder project. That is where we are preserving fragile, Historic Records dating back to the 1970s. And the ancestral voices digital collection in our Folklife Center is making sure we provide access to the recorded sounds, digitally. We are very active in making sure that we are capturing and using technology to extend for that. Sen. Udall ms. Temple, will you give me your commitment that minestaff will work with respecting tribal sovereignty i look forward to working with you, would you give me your commitment . Ms. Temple yes, of course. Theng the implementation of regulations, we did seek outside comments about issues including issues with respect to tribal musical recordings. We have some specific provisions and regulations that do address tribal musical work and are committed to working with you and the various tribes on ways that we can continue that partnership in the future. Sen. Udall one of the issues that they are raising, which i think is a critical issue, i think it is important for everybody to know about it. In the first half of the 20th century, anthropologists and sociologists took a substantial number of recordings without the consent of the tribes. Museumsversities and hold these without tribal knowledge. Would result in potential release of culturally sensitive information, so that is the issue we are focusing in on, and we want to work closely with you on that. Thank you. You, senator. Ank gaoof the 2015 recommendations have been fulfilled. Units,re the business the 5 largely congregated in . Mr. Barton the 5 of the remaining comes out to be six recommendations. Are nonpublic revolved around security and would be a library wide concern and not a specific service unit. Funding, there. Is a recommendation on financing and that is the ocio responsibility. That applies directly to the ocio. It. Blunt lets be sure, anybody watching this understand exactly what that means. How would that be followed up then of how it relates to the ocio . Are they not giving are you not getting the information that you need or the funding you need, or what do you mean that is up to somebody else . Mr. Barton we are getting the funding that we need to close out this particular findings. We are in constant communication with the gao and providing evidence on closing out the remaining six findings. I do not have any concerns about being able to meet that at the end of this fiscal year, so i am confident. Sen. Blunt let me let you finish the answer then. What are the other, beyond that you have some specific units where there are more challenges than others . Mr. Barton we actually dont have any challenges to close out. The gao, there were two findings specifically related to the Copyright Office and those have been closed as implemented, and we are happy to report that. All of the remaining six are strictly within the purview of the ocio, and we are confident those will be closed by the end of the calendar year. Sen. Blunt ms. Temple, on that topic is there anything that you are trying to get done in this calendar year that is a concern for you . Ms. Temple no. We arebarton alluded to, very pleased that we were able to close out those last remaining two gal recommendations. We are prepared to move forward progressively on our modernization. Sen. Blunt the timeline that the two chief Financial Officers and the cio, and you folks that work with them are working on is one that you think is reasonable . Ms. Temple yes. Usersunderstand that our and stakeholders would love to have a new system yesterday, so we do take that seriously. We are working aggressively as resolute alluded to. Fy 19 is the first time we got Pacific Funding for the copyright system. We have the one year concluded willow in fy 20, we have three separate work streams all at the same time, so we think this is now going to be something that the public will be able to see the progress more concretely now that we are in the second year of our funding phase. En. Blunt senator capito sen. Capito thank you, mr. Chairman. Always great to see you dr. Hayden and thank you for your good work. I think you are doing doing an excellent job at the library of congress. Just in the brief time ive been in here. But i wanted to talk about when i was chair of the appropriations subcommittee of legislative branch for two years, i went back and looked at some of the legislative language that we had in our report. Our report in fy 2016 recounted gaos finding that a lack of leadership and oversight at library resulted in duplicating i. T. Policies. In 2017 on our report noted that the igs finding that the labry library failed to have quote, an Organization Wide independent strategy for digital collection activities and that the goal of addressing a collection strategy was not included in its plan or Information Technology strategic plan. Indeed at that time, the library was seeking funding for a digital collection management even though there was no comprehensive study. Bringing these up not to rehash but to highlight how much progress has been made. Dr. Hayden, you have implemented 95 , and mr. Barton talked about the remaining 5 of the tasks. So as we talk about this, dr. Hayden, could you kind of flesh out a little bit how this is impacting the public, how the public is benefiting now and will in the future from having access to the Digital Access to the librarys collections . How is this impacting americans just in general . Dr. Hayden in general, what americans and people worldwide will be able to do is have more access to the libraries collections. They will be able to download photographs that are copyright free, and they will be able to have visual exhibits on their mobile devices. They will be able to record their veterans history projects and send them to the library. They will be able to also use congress. Gov and get information uptodate writing, government information that is available to all citizens. The variety of opportunities that Information Technology provides in terms of opening up what we call the Treasure Chest of the library of congress are just amazing. When you think about seeing rosa parks, the exhibit thats going to open in december, her handwritten notes and seeing Thomas Jeffersons draft of the declaration of independence. And we have invited the public to help us transcribe letters to Abraham Lincoln via the people project. They can be part of helping history come alive. Yeah, i was going to ask you about the by the people project. Dr. Hayden by the people, its been wonderful. We launched it with the anniversary of the gettysburg address. And we had High Schoolers come in. We found that theyre the aspect of reading Cursive Writing gave us opportunities for intergenerational programs where you have more mature people reading the cursive and the young people doing the computers. We were able to have 27,000 letters to Abraham Lincoln that had not been reviewed in decades or seen by people except for were they put into a past were they written to him as president . Dr. Hayden they were written to Abraham Lincoln. And the hook for young people was the fact that they were making something by transcribing, they were taking something that hadnt been read since 1864 available for everyone to see. And so of those 27,000, all were transcribed. So really, without the Digital Access, a project like that dr. Hayden it couldnt have happened. So the fact that we were able to and congress has supported the i. T. Modernization at the library has had so many benefits in terms of making the library more useful, inspirational for so many people, and then with the copyright modernizations, you will have people who can search Historic Records. They can file, register online. People are buying cars on their online. And now theyll be able to register quickly, search records, do Different Things with the entire copyright system. It will be an integrative system. Technology, we support the support that congress has given us for that. Thank you for that. Senator udall. Sen. Udall i just have first of all just thank you all very much. Just one final statement. Senator klobuchar, i know whos the ranking on this committee, is very interested in all of these issues. I know shes been working with you. I believe shes working on a piece of legislation called the case act, which is would help to reduce the cost and barriers to making a small copyright claim less expensive, and you all are aware of that. But she and her staff are going to be working with you, and im sure shes going to be putting in questions for the record. Thank you very much, mr. Chairman. Sen. Blunt thank you, senator. Lets talk about the case act a little bit. I had i was in missouri over the weekend and had a photographer at an event say i hope youre looking at the case act because i cant afford to defend my work anywhere else. So obviously we want to create that kind of opportunity, but can what are the challenges to that kind of opportunity in addition including the kind of additional staff you might have to have or the other challenges you would see . I think senator kennedy is also one of the members of the senate along with senator klobuchar thats interested in the case act. Why dont you tell me how you think that would impact what you do, and if its a responsibility that you could handle, and if you couldnt handle it, what would it take in addition to what you have now to be able to handle it . Ms. Temple yes, thank you. This is a longstanding issue that the Copyright Office has analyzed and reviewed. We actually did a full study of a proposed small claims tribunal back in 2013 and issued a report to Congress Actually recommending that congress adopt legislation that would create a small claims tribunal within the copy right office. We feel confident if it were to pass and be signed into legislation that is something we , would be able to readily implement. We have our previous experience for example with the music modernization act which was a historic piece of legislation that really did require the Copyright Office to work closely with the cio to develop a number of Online Filing systems as well as databases and a series of regulations all within a statutory deadline of six months, and we were able to quickly, with the help of ocio as well as our stellar team in the office of general counsel and Copyright Office, to get all of that done ahead of time. We were able to post a new website within overnight at the time that the mma was actually enacted. So given our history and experience with that recent legislation, we are confident we would be able to meet whatever Resource Requirements would be needed to implement the case act if it was passed. Sen. Blunt would you see that likely to be largely a cioassisted kind of operation, where someone contacts you without coming to the office . They explain what their problem is without having to have an attorney or a visit or anything else . And how would that work, and how many more people do you think youd need to have to manage that . Ms. Temple for implementation of the regulations, we dont anticipate we would necessarily need to have any additional staff. We were able to do the regulationside of the mma without additional legal staff. The case act is one of the main points of that provision is to streamline the process. So take advantage of digital technology, for example, video conferencing, so that people would not need to come into the office if necessary for motions and hearings. So we would work with ocio on that to develop any necessary digital resources that would be needed to be able to have that access for the case act. The provision of the bill does require that we have three potential judges for the case act, for the small claims tribunal, as well as up to two additional attorneys. We would just work with congress to make sure we have the resources to hire that staff. But we feel that that should be a relatively easy resource because there are many attorneys im sure who would be willing to participate in that tribunal process if that was something that was enacted into legislation. Sen. Blunt and physically you have space for those people . Ms. Temple yes. We currently have sen. Blunt put them where the card catalog used to be . Ms. Temple we kind of have already identified potential areas for that. We already have a copyright Loyalty Board that hears issues related to our statute our administration of the statutory licenses under the copyright act. There is a hearing room. We did work with the cbo to score the case act and to determine, you know, how much it would cost if we actually got an additional hearing room or did not. And we could do either one. So it just would depend on whether congress would like us to have an additional hearing room beyond the one we already have for the copyright Loyalty Royalty board. Sen. Blunt i think in your other comments earlier you had mentioned that you had designated or brought into an i. T. Adviser to work directly with the cio. Why do you do that, and what do you think the benefit of that will be . Ms. Temple one of the main reasons we did that was to strengthen our communication and collaboration with ocio. I think lawyers and the business side sometimes speak a slightly different language than the technologists. And so we wanted to make sure as we are really working on a number of different work streams for fy 20 that we had strengthened communication scanned collaboration to effectively communicate with one another, make sure that the Business Needs that we have from the Copyright Office are easily translated to ocio as they start doing all of these various development activities. We think that that will be really helpful as we have all of the number of work streams that were working on. We were very pleased that ocio was willing to give us one of their top persons. So this is an individual that actually came from ocio. So i think that that will really help to strengthen our communication and collaboration moving forward. Internally i think too taking advantage of all of the resources that the library has is a good thing. I believe there was an effort made from say 2014 or 2015 to 2017 for copyright legislation largely independent of the internal structure that just didnt work, about 11 million spent, and nothing was produced as a result of that. I think that was an example of what happens when you dont have the system that you have now. That system was just being put into place. So i would also point out, you know, the structure here has grown up overtime. Intellectual property needs have grown up over time. The desire for accessibility and as youre doing now more immediate accessibility to everything in this vast collection including the copyright space, has changed. The overall structure, while has not changed. And in fact as i mentioned earlier, we last year made an effort to at least, thinking that the Copyright Community had greater interest in maybe a different kind of procedure to choose the register, but it turned out that that was not an effort that was successful between the house and senate. I dont think would be again. So that makes it critically important that we make the current structure work. And youve got between all three of you vast resources that probably are always a little short of what youd like to do but are substantial, and how you make those resources work. Id also point out this committee is the Oversight Committee for the library, for the copy not the committee that will write copyright law, and thats often the case, that you have a different kind of reporting responsibility for oversight and how you manage a lot of that responsibility, we just had two of the previous chairmen of the ledge branch appropriating committee, who were on this committee, and from the point of view of money available and how that money is spent, have an incredible ability to not only ask the right questions, but help you help us understand the answers. So the responsiveness to the committee, really important. I dont think weve had problems with that, dr. Hayden, since you became the librarian, but responding to questions from our staff, and our staff spent a lot of time on particularly this modernization effort systemwide over the last couple of years, and we intend to continue to do that. But grateful to have your time. Dr. Hayden, do you have anything you want to say that we might have covered today and didnt that we need to be thinking about . Dr. Hayden well, i just want to reiterate the gratitude that we have for the support, and we want to encourage your continued input and feedback. We want to keep the discussions going. And its very helpful for us as we move along. Sen. Blunt thank you. Anybody else . Well, thank you all for taking the time with us today, sharing your views. The record will be open for one week from today for others on the committee to ask questions. We ask you respond to those quickly. And the committee is adjourned. [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2019] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] announcer 1 cspan live this evening at the white house. President trump is presenting the president ial citizens medal to this years recipients. Tomorrow we will have more coverage from the 2020 campaign trail. Joe biden will be in New Hampshire campaigning at 1 00 on cspan and President Trump in atlanta, tomorrow at 3 00 eastern. Waiting for the president again, presenting the president ial citizens medal to this years recipients. Announcer 1 cspan live this evening at the white house, President Trump presenting the president ial citizens medal to this years recipients. Starting at 8 00 eastern, we will have remarks by Vice President mike pence at a politics and eggs event in New Hampshire. On cspan 2 we will look at a law that created a revenue sharing arrangement for oil releases on our lands with states on the gold coast. And then American History tv on cspan3 with past president ial impeachment proceedings. While we wait for President Trump, take a look at some of todays washington journal. Host senior fellow at the artistry institute, looking ahead to next weeks public hearings in the senate and house intelligence committee, when you heard the news yesterday, that this would switch to a public phase, what were your thoughts on your expectations for these hearings . Guest i was surprised how quickly they are coming. It is going so past so fast, surprising a lot of us who follow this on a daytoday basis how quick it is proceeding and how democrats want to make their case. Host the people that have all interviewed behind closed doors, what do you think the committee hopes to draw out in public that they did not in closeddoor hearings . Guest democrats want to hear what they have heard behind closed doors. They are willing to move because they are confident they have the testimony they have received in those depositions. Republicans are hopeful they can use the public opportunity to jinxconfusion or to show in the armor chinks in the armor of witnesses, to get confusion and chinks in the case. Host based on the resolution passed last week in the full house, what is your understanding of how those hearings will take place . Guest the intelligence ,ommittee will take a lead which is usually under the jurisdiction of the house Judiciary Committee. Secretary adam schiff has conducted this and is mostly able to bring this intelligence perspective to the proceedings. It is going to follow and transition into a public setting where there will be back and forth and cameras will be on it. Courtroom. K like a it is going to be public and for all eyes to see. Oft there have been reports republicans wanting jim jordan to sit on intelligence and dark meadows. What do you think is behind that . Guest they want public defenders of the president and they are that. They are forceful, loyal backers, smart as a whip, not witho get combative witnesses and republicans might need that. Host we appreciate and welcome your comments about next weeks hearing as we continue the discussion, democrats can use this phone number, republicans 2027488001 and for independents and others, 2027488002. Wanted to show you an in plane opinion piece from the former new York State Attorney general, the new york post, the headline says pelosis impeachment rules democrats are boasting about the inquiry offered to drop, claiming they are the same rules for president nicks president clinton but it is a lie. Theion f device by Judiciary Committee chair stipulates unless the president surrenders his power, even when the Supreme Court has ruled vital, he and his lawyers will be denied ability to call or question witnesses. What is this . Guest two things come to mind. It was guaranteed to be a partisan circus the matter what happens. You will get a lot of partisan or fair undercutting the process and democrats aint one thing and republicans another. This is a provision that is important to talk about. It was best by the Judiciary Committee independent of the House Resolution we saw last week which took the broad procedures of the impeachment inquiry and gives power to the judiciary to have the president forfeit his impeachment rights, if he doesnt comply with the investigations of any committee referenced in that last week. It is a sign democrats are ready to play hardball, if the president doesnt comply with their subpoenas and provide documents, they are going to take away some of his rights in the proceedings to force compliance. Not this was language voted on by the full house. Heres what the language says, section f, the president unlawfully refused to make people available for testimony, or provided in the first section of h res 660. The chair shall have the discretion to oppose appropriate remedies including denying specific requests by the president or his counsel under these procedures or to call or question witnesses. But it seems like they are setting it up because the president and administration have withheld witnesses and testimony. At least so far. Guest it is a preemptive measure to warn the administration that as we translation into a public phase, because this is moving so fast, if you continue to stonewall, you are setting yourself up for denial of rights you are going to want when the impeachment proceedings begin. Host lets get to the calls. Republican line is first. Bill is in hazelwood, missouri. Caller i am calling from the first Congressional District which is very democratically gerrymandered and i would like to fly into washington and wondering what are the procedures and what access do i have to attend the hearing as a member of the public . Guest as far as i understand it, these will be public hearings both in person and on television. I would recommend you show up early. These are going to be well attended by the public and everyone within the bubble. This is not a common thing, so people are going to get in line early. If you are flying in, i would get your ticket now. Host i think our earlier guest from the hill reported that they are having these in the ways and means, a bigger room to accommodate a larger audience. We hope you get in. Michael is in niceville, florida on our democrats line. Thank you. You are correct, i have michael brady, i am from niceville, florida, and i am a democrat. Why the American People need to study and evaluate the situation of the impeachment proceedings to check either the right or the left and try to find the happy or medium ground in the middle, but my main concern is why if these proceedings continue on, will trump have the advantage of refusal or actually obstructing the process, and the congressionals, representatives, jordan and also collins from georgia and several others i watched very seriously in the various Committee Meetings they have had with that representative cummings was moderator and head of the meeting itself. But the point i am making, those particular congressmen have done nothing but obstruct and break up the meeting as much as they can in reference to supporting President Trump. But i think they were able, the democrats were able a lot of these meetings were able to proceed with the meeting and make a conclusion and a proper evaluation of it. What we are having to deal with is that jordan was in one of the closed meetings. He came out and he was leaking information on what was going on in the particular meeting. We dont need this trash talking back and forth, which has been ongoing. The democrats have had the opportunity to do a lot of things. They passed a lot of legislation in the house that has been forwarded to the senate. I think there is probably some 400 pieces of legislation that has not been acted upon. I hear these comments from callers coming in, the donothing democrats from the republicans, that the democrats are not doing anything. Host michael, we will let you go there. Casey burgat. Guest there was a lot but i think that it is important to recognize that as we transition to this more public side that we should be conscious of what we are about to see. Democrats making their case very forcefully. They are going to say the president did wrong, and that anyone who is defending him is breaking their oath to the constitution. On the republican side, they are going to attack with just a with just the opposite. It would be naive to say we will come together. We should look to this is going to be a contentious process. This is not an easy thing to pass and it wont be, so we should go into that with eyes wide open and try to make the best judgment we can. With the evidence brought to bear. Host a lot has been said by the president and his supporters by the lack of due process in the impeachment inquiry so far. Do you think that these public hearings will help clarify what is due process in an impeachment hearing . Guest right. This is one of the biggest pieces of confusion right now, and that is relating what we know about the courtroom, a familiar process. It is something we see on tv. We know a jury and trial and what rights we are supposed to have as a defendant, but we have not reached the court stage of this yet. The investigation so far is in the fact gathering stage. It is happening behind closed doors. Which is a little different in the past. In previous proceedings, it was done by special counsel. That was behind closed doors. We were not privy to that. The president will begin to receive his rights because we are transitioning into that relative court stage where he will be able to call witnesses and be represented by counsel, be able to crossexamine witnesses once they do take the stage. Its important to know that we have not reached that court stage, no matter what you have been hearing about due process, we are not there yet, and next weeks hearing is the first start of that where you will see the defendant be able to be represented and able to crossexamine and present evidence themselves. Host always helpful to go back to the constitution. So little is said about impeachment. It is article one, section two, clause five. The house of representatives shall choose that is how they spell it choose their speaker and other offices and have and will have the sole power of impeachment. We go to florida. Joanne on the republican line. Go ahead. Caller hi. This is joanne. I am calling from punta gorda. My feelings are that there is no such thing as a whistleblower. I think the whole thing is made up. The first thing that convinced me was when adam schiff was lying about what trump had said on the call. I heard it with my own ears. He talked about the phone call that he had the with the ukraine prime minister, and it was totally false. It was totally different and the actual call and people need to read the transcript of the call. But i believe that everything has been set up just like the tell us about what the democrats are hoping on, what they hope to establish on the articles of impeachment. Casey the constitution says so little about impeachment and how its supposed to be carried out. It does give what high crimes that meet the threshold for impeachment. But even that is broad. 16 have been voted for impeachment. But 11 of those 16 have no criminal act within the articles of impeachment meaning they were impeached without committing a criminal act. We think of this as a criminal act. Something that broke a statue or broke a law. Impeachment is what the political actors within the house of representatives say is impeachable. Involves ill say it abuse of power by putting his electoral concerns first. And then probably an obstruction of Congress Obstruction of the proceedings. Im anxious to see what the articles say, if they come out. Theyre trying to make this case fast and publicly. Host cspan. Org impeachment, not only current video from the current impeachment inquiry. But weve linked a of our coverage from the bill clinton impeachment inquiry. Listed. Impeachments we go to rosemaryy. Caller hi, good morning. When adam schiff interviewed the people, i think it was their opinion. They disagree with the president. The president is entitled to determine his foreign policy. And whats happening with the i. G. Report and durhams report . We havent heard anything about hat. The i. G. Report will likely come out in the next week or so. You can find that from the hill. Senators push on a deal on impeachment trial rules. Mitch mcconnell was asked yesterday how long the senate trial would take and whether President Trump would be convict and removed from office. Heres what Mitch Mcconnell had to say. How long it goes on depends on the senate. Im sure how its likely to end. If it were today, i dont think theres any question it would not lead to a removal. So the question is, is how long does the senate want to take . How long do the president ial candidates want to be here on the floor of the senate instead of iowa and New Hampshire . And all of these other related issues that are going on at the same time. Its very difficult to ascertain, you know, how long this takes. Id be surprised if it didnt end the way the two previous ones did with the president not being removed from office. Casey burgat, how difficult is for Republican Leadership not to give away or say things that may prejudice an eventual trial of President Trump . Casey i think that applies to the Democratic Senators if this gets past the house. I am sympathetic to the argument that they like all of us should wait for the evidence to become public. Even members of the United States arent priffy of the information thats been deposed behind closed doors. As many cost callers say, were using speculation, leaks. Were using the public testimonys that are starting to drip right now. We dont have the full picture. I dont think the committees investigating this have the full picture because theyre still asking the witnesses and still asking for documents. This is the consequence of moving so fast. The watergate breakins were done in july of 1972. Years t until two full later that the hearings started to happen. With clinton, it was january of 1994 that the special prosecutor started hi operations. And it wasnt until december 1998. Right now were three month i a way. A very compressed timeline that affects all of this info. Host we have a caller from minnesota. Caller is it really legal for the president to with hold all the documents and, you know, other things that should billion available in any investigation . Casey that is a question that were about to see a ton of lawsuits in the Supreme Court likely to get involved to to itemize what the prerogatives of congress are relative to the executive branch particularly when he can invoke executive privilege. When someone with the executive branch was subpoenaed by congress. Hes asking do i listen to congress or do i listen to the president . And surprisingly that hasnt been decided so clearly yet. So were waiting for court cases. Were waiting for a back and forth of negotiations between the two branches. And it signals that a lot of this in previous evidents was done sometimes by the courts and in the final stages by the courts. But a lot of them is by norms of what is expected by the two branches. Nothing is set in stone. So a lot of russ looking for clarity. So a lot of this is looking for clarity. I think they would like to get the hearing as soon as possible. Theyre moving on under the assumption that they wont. Host heres roland, new brawn braunfels, texas. Let the facts show the American People what is there that the testimony from these witnesses have given. Im independent. And i live in the austin, san antonio corridor. And i have friends from all walks of life, all different lines, political lines, and they are ready for facts. Dying out saying i wont listen to the facts. This is a sham