We honor distinguished leaders who champion for equality and human rights. Privileged at georgetown to have such a wonderful bond with the justice. You might have seen her portrait as you were coming down into the amphitheater. Was aloved husband remarkable member of our faculty for many years. We have a chair in his honor. The Martin Ginsburg professorship. I have to say, i am often asked, dean, what is my favorite memory . It is what we just saw. Walking into this room with Justice Ginsburg and seeing our students look with such admiration and inspiration on somebody who is one of the great figures in the history of the world but also a cultural icon. [laughter] [applause] when Justice Ginsburg gave the first lecture in april of 2018, everyone was so energized. I said to her, the one not great thing about the lecture series is you gave the first lecture and the second lecture is going to be a disappointment. [laughter] she said, i think i can handle that. So, good job, justice. This is just such an amazing privilege. We are going to have an hour in which we are going to be hearing from Justice Ginsburg, a member of the Georgetown School of Foreign Service class of 1968, president bill clinton. [applause] and secretary of state Hillary Rodham clinton. [applause] normally, when i introduce, i talk about the biographies of the speakers. I think that is pretty unnecessary. Im going to turn matters over. Leading the conversation are two members of our faculty, the authorized biographers of the and marywendy williams hartnett. End, i have questions from students. If i have your question, stand up so you can be recognized as i ask it. What an amazing hour we are about to have. A round of applause again for Justice Ginsburg. [applause] thank you dena, and thank you all very much. The dean mentioned last year Justice Ginsburg was the inaugural speaker in this series. In her usual honest way she asked me to not make tonight all about me. We are going to start with the first question, with president clinton and secretary clinton. I understand, secretary clinton, you gave a surprise gift to rbgs bookclinton of and you issued it with a challenge. Could you tell us about it . First let me say how delighted i am to be here with all of you. Schoollarly at this law that has such a great place, not just in our nations capital, but in our country in the world, and to be here with Justice Ginsburg. There are many things about Justice Ginsburg that should inspire and motivate each and every one of us. We will, i hope, get to talk about some of those little decisions that were groundbreaking legal decisions that were groundbreaking, some of the theories she was the first to put forward, and so much more about her life as an academic and certainly as a judge on the court of appeals and on the Supreme Court. There is one particular book she did not write that has had a ripple effect, and that is the workout. T the rbg [applause] [laughter] sec. Clinton i think it is fair to say a number of us who have seen that book would not want to be filmed trying to do that workout. Copies andout five gave one to my husband. [laughter] sec. Clinton i think it is also fair to say that he is very proud of having nominated her, but he is going to let her do the workout. [laughter] i was fascinated with the book. It is worth reading, even if you are a marathon runner. How, within aeing limited space, no matter how old you are, you can maximize your fitness. I thought, hey. By the time i got it, i was a 71yearold. I said, this would be no problem. I climb, i do weights. This would be no problem. It was a problem. [laughter] pres. Clinton it was a real struggle. It also shows you the remarkable resilience of the body and the , but even as it ages repetition and effort are required. Nobody talks about this very , but im telling you , repetition and effort have a chaos,imposing order on and it was very good. I am extremely grateful, even though i was reasonably embarrassed the first couple times i tried to do a workout. Perhaps i should Say Something about the workout. [laughter] i certainly did not write it, but i did write the introduction. My trainer has been with me since 1999. It was the year i had cancer and after surgery, chemotherapy, said,ion, my dear spouse you look like a survivor of auschwitz. You must do something to build yourself up. I asked around. For me. D just right his day job is he works in the u. S. District court for the district of columbia. Day, i metthis very with him last night. The only one who has gone through the routine in part with me is steve. [laughter] but i think i remember that he was gasping for air. He was. President clinton, can you do the plank . You can . Pres. Clinton she is really good at it. Have you done the entire workout . Sec. Clinton i have. Without cameras. Thats the only condition. We wont ask you to demonstrate tonight. We are going to talk in a minute about the nomination. Before we do that, i wanted to ask Justice Ginsburg to describe, there was a meeting with both of you in arkansas a few years before that. Im wondering if you could share that. I was speakingg at the university of arkansas at little rock law school. I was talking about amending the constitution and in the middle of my talk, the governor and the first lady of arkansas came into i was overwhelmed that they would do this. Immediately called my dear spouse and told him about this. That was my first meeting with the two of you. Meeting was the secretary and my then threeyearold granddaughter. Who was attending the bank Street Nursery School during the president s first campaign. My granddaughter stood right next to you. You were singing the toothbrush song. Have a picture. Justice ginsburg i have a picture frame. I wrote to clara, may you always know where to stand. Nomination, you were generous with your time and gave us this trivia for the upcoming biography. Writtenmore than a book , but its not yet complete because happily, our justice is still doing very important things. Flashback to 1993. You had just been in office barely two months when byron white announced he would retire at the end of the term. That is whyecision we are all sitting here tonight. Can you tell me how and why you Justice Ginsberg for your first nomination . Pres. Clinton first of all, this was a big deal for me. Political dramas, but the human consequences of a Supreme Court opinion are enormous. I knew justice white. When i was attorney general, i had a case in front of the Supreme Court and i let a guy i went to kindergarten with who worked for me argued the case. He said, you went to yale. I went to arkansas. Why are you not doing this . I said, because you worked a case. Im sitting there watching my guy argued the case. Justice white writes me a note saying your boy is doing a good job. [laughter] pres. Clinton that man, he and his wife and his wife in both of their families still have that framed on his wall. It is a big deal who gets to be on the Supreme Court. I have always been abstractly interested because i like the Supreme Courts we had early in the 20th century, where you did not have to be a judge. You could be something else. He did not want the job. He did not want to leave new york. I had interviewed, i had narrowed my choices to three people. The other two people i therviewed, at least in newspapers, everything leaked back then. [laughter] pres. Clinton the reason i was interested before Justice Ginsberg came to see me as a judge is as much before she became a judge as on the bench. Work for womens rights, cases in thet six Supreme Court and won five of whichincluding one or two appeared to benefit the male partners of women even though it was a discrimination in the law based on assumptions about men and women and all of that. A meeting sunday night, i sneaked her in, and thank god nobody in the press felt like working sunday night. It never leaked. We talked. After she had been there 10 minutes, i knew i was going to ask her to do the job. Can you tell us more about that meeting . Justice ginsberg, i would like to pres. Clinton i heard her talk about her judicial philosophy and what she had done. I let her know i had read about all these cases. I just wanted to get a feel for her. I have to say, we just had this event at my library in little rock, and the place where we normally have about 600 people, there were almost 15,000 people there. We had to move it to the basketball arena. There were 15,000 more who wanted to go. They could not get tickets because the fire marshal would not let them in. That i was already worried about how abstractly and free our political life increasingly some of our judicial life is becoming. Judges were seen by many people as an extension of politics and i really believe the essence of any democracy is we all live under the same set of rules. Everything else is basically a detail. It is amazing how progressive you get, to live under the same set of rules you are imposing on everyone else. Like everybody else, i was in aw e because i thought she was smart and knowledgeable and very serious about being a judge and extremely respectful of her colleagues on the then court of appeals. Some of them were pretty far out there. That could be an understatement. Know, this woman is completely on the level. I think the country deserves somebody who is on the level. Facts,l talk about the explain the law, explain the human consequences to the individual parties and to the larger polity of america. I was convinced she would. We talked for an hour and a half i think. Justice ginsberg, your recollections of that meeting, i think you had flown from vermont that morning. Tell us a little bit about Justice Ginsburg yes. The white House Counsel said we will go right from the airport to the white house and i said, then i will be in my plane clothes. He said, thats all right. The president will be coming in off the golf course. Instead, you were coming in from church in your sunday best and i was in my plane clothes. A little embarrassing. The meeting with the thent, did you president told me he really appreciated your sense of humor sneaking into the white house. Can you tell us about that from your perspective . Do have a sense of humor. It is essential in the job. [laughter] Justice Ginsburg it was a wonderful meeting. The president had been i think you were an adjunct member of the university of arkansas law faculty, not in little rock, in pres. Clinton taught constitutional law. We know what you decided. On that sunday. Judge ginsberg and marty did not learn about it right away. They had to wait until late that night. Can you tell us a little bit about why . There was a basketball game. I will give you a hint. Well, it was an important game. [laughter] the nba finals. One of the longest games in history. It went triple over time. You were waiting until it was fullyecause you wanted to savor this moment. I did. [laughter] then judge, ginsberg was home with marty. I dont think you were watching basketball. [laughter] pres. Clinton there is one thing we did discuss. You. L that i should tell inrtion was a big issue 1992. The right to choose. The reason was the court of appeals had decided the webster decision, the court of appeals generally, inand a president ial election, the sortion issue helps decide that the prolife or antichoice when theis stronger prochoice people feel totally secure, then they can find some other reason to vote against you. The reverse is also true. Election, i was one of the first democrats, prochoice democrats to run since roe v. Wade who benefited from roe v. Wade. The decision frightened the other side. She knew this perfectly well. There was a lot of pressure to ,ake sure i appointed someone which i had set i thought was important. But i was factoring in either an article i had read or something i had read on Justice Ginsberg saying that she supported the result in roe v. Wade, but it should have been decided under the equal protection clause, not the right to privacy. I asked her the question entry talked about it as if it was any other issue, this is what i think, and she made a heck case. Heck of a case. I said, you know, this is washington. Everything leaks. Everything is in the media. For her, we were just two people alone and she was telling me what she honestly believed. It made a huge impression on me. Any president that only wants to appoint people that have sussed out in advance what that president wants to hear is in deep trouble. Remember if you ever get a job like this. Everybody tells you what they think you want to hear or they dont want to discomfort , your raise any questions might as well run the place with a the lecture clinton is talking about is the medicine lecture. You might want to read it. There are a lot of interesting things in partiality in judging. It happens to be in Justice Ginsburgs book, but it is also online. It is a terrific piece. Ifretary clinton, what role, any, did you play in the decision . Justice ginsburg sec. Clinton i like to think i played a convincing role. In order to get to the candidates for justice the president would actually interview, you had to go through dozens and dozens of names people were putting forth. From inside the white house and outside the white house. I had followed the work of i wase ginsberg since finishing law school, becoming a lawyer. A lot of the cases she argued were nearly 70s were in the early 70s and i graduated from law school in 1973. When you tell people it had to be the dark ages and i knew all the people who were part of the movement. Her commitment to really pursue and some of the cases work , aught on behalf of of men property taxes exemption. It was a clear view of trying to make the constitution for the in i may havee that. Expressed an opinion or two about people he should bring to the top of the list. Thank you. No nomination would b complete without talking about talking Martin Ginsburg. He was my campaign manager. I think one of your clerks put it best that the Bader Ginsburg [inaudible] , but ifr any scenario it had not been for marty, who knows if it would have happened. Do you or secretary clinton have any thoughts on that . I dont know if any are here today, but there were a group of women activists before bill became president and we worked on equal pay and a lot of things that were important we thought in any effort to try to move towards equality and justice and andhey of course called me called other people and i recall one of them saying to me, i already talked to you once, but Marty Ginsburg said i had to talk to you again. Marshals the field summoning people and asking people to reach out to anyone may new and it only made it sweeter because of his adoring support of justice. We are about to switch. One final question for [inaudible] ginsburgtched justice 26 years. Have your expectations from that sunny day in the rose garden say met for what would you or what would you say . No, they have been wildly exceeded. The opinion on bush versus gore, one of the worst decisions ever by the Supreme Court. Concurred and i think a most recent travesty opinion and the opinion written by her colleague who also started in my administration, saying you can unconstitutionally Supreme Court, but what can you do about it . If you read the things and you should read some of the opinions worthy court is unpredictably divided that she wrote, but if you read any of her opinions, saidill see exactly what i in the interview. These are the facts that i understand them, these are the consequences and i had come out money, noent to nothing, this is it and these are the consequences. Every time i read one of her opinions, im thrilled by it. One thing i hope please the 60 when i i was age was nominated in some people thought i was too old for the job. Year am starting my 27th on the court, so one of the longest tenured justices. Age, itorried about my was unnecessary. You should all know, you probably know this, but it is a serious issue because when president reagan was in office, the republicans were easily bench asmake the conservative as they could and they started sending all these thirtysomethingyearold names. Every democratic senator has a friend, everyone of them was over 60, they wanted to be on the bench and it was a brutal fight to make sure i at least made sure everyone was healthy. By was against im really against age discrimination. I hate age discrimination and i hated it when i was young and now that i am not come i can say that. It and one ofout the most painful decisions i had to make was not putting her on the court with her, just as , one of theher great District Court judges. He had cancer and i was not convinced that the risk was worth it. He was my friend. This was a guy that i played golf with. Sadly, he passed the passed away a few years later and i did not like being right for all the years i have been wrong. I just had a feeling that she had whatever it was that would enable her to do things that no other living person had done. You are crazy not to think about. T [no audio] the risk is plentiful medical minimal. I think when you are making decisions. As momentous as picking judges, the federal bench, the person you consider should have relevant experience qualified the judge. Should be judge qualified that was not worry with Justice Ginsburg, but we have recently on therginally chosen basis of age and therefore longevity and political ideology being pushed through despite having no relevant experience before the last several years, people took seriously the selection of judges and even if they were trying to find someone who would get them the results that they wanted, they want to able to say be able to say this was a judge with experience so even if you did not agree with that judges interpretation of the constitution or philosophy, you felt that person is qualified. The was never an issue with people that build takes, but it is an issue now and it is something that is being said and the final point about the expectations, i always knew that Justice Ginsburg would be a great Supreme Court justice. I did not know she would be a really popular cultural icon and hewhen bill was saying introduced her to be interviewed in arkansas, they had to move and 50,000all arena people were there being interviewed, that i cannot have productive. I will say two things, one about richard. He was one of the finest federal judges ever and it was Great Sadness that he did not live. Events i evert participated was at fayetteville. Brothers who are such good companions. Put myuld have happily head on the chopping block with e. Mebody with an ax. We need to believe there is something on the level here is there is plenty to disagree with, honestly. Argumentsve honest without bending all the rules and making every decision look like a train wreck. Here here. Clinton, you and your daughter chelsea have just published a book. I happen to have it with me. What is with this gutsy . Book that came out of a conversation i had with chelsea ever since she was a little girl about inspirational people, and particularly looking for inspirational women who were resilient, overcame obstacles it moved throughout our entire life together because we and we wouldtories talk to her about women who we thought of as being really significant in American History bet might not necessarily [indiscernible] in school and people we had had a great deal of interest in for a long time and during the last several years, she has written a number of childrens books, she and i traveled around the country doing booksignings and political events. , they can come up mostly a little girl would say who are your heroes and it seemed odd that they were already very wellknown women like Justice Ginsburg, people were telling her story, getting andattention she has earned there are a lot of women whose ,tories might not be well known but could strike a chord in someone who is reading about their lives and maybe that person could be inspired and [applause] under my protection, so the stories in the book are about women who overcame obstacles, who endured some of the worst imagine being tortured, exiled, rates, rap and left on the side of the road will stop one wanted to plant trees in the opposition of powerful men did not want her speaking out. You go through this litany of all these courageous women and it could have been many more. Storiesd to bring these to people who were not well known. To have net to close the or Michelle Obama or Justice Ginsburg because they see them in the news. They may not know how hard it is for other women. So you narrowed it down . To 103. [inaudible] i invited her from the first time i ever heard about her and i thought she was somebody who deserved more attention and maybe she is not as well known today as she was in the past, although the courthouse in new york city is named for her, so people who go in and out they stop and look at the engraving. Todayk we are in need standstories who people up. Herwas the first person in party to stand up and take on joseph mccarthy. I think she would be a good example for people in her party today and maybe they will read that essay or Barbara Jordan whose speech about impeachment, if you go to youtube and watch it in realtime is one of the most powerful defenses of the constitution, so obviously, a lot of people we chose were relevant and their optimism that they had to keep going, they had to make a difference is something we could all make a big dose of. She was well known to me because she was the [indiscernible] president of manhattan, but before that she argued many of the important desegregation cases. , sheshe was federal judge involvinge vii case the suit against a dozen or so in new york. It was a motion to recuse her because this is a sex discrimination case because she be a woman, so how could she impartial and she wrote an amusing response to that. Remember back in 1995, beijing in china . Yes, i remember that. United nations fourth world conference on women. You were both there and i guess you spoke to delegates in a hundred and 30 or 100 140 countries. Wrote came out to i [indiscernible] you in that speech did something magnificent and i wanted to ask you. You called out practices across the world including our own country that harmed women and you ended with a quote. It is a powerful and inspiring ending. If there is one message that echoes this conference, let it be that human rights are womens rights and womens rights are humans rights. [applause] this was as he said the fourth conference and china was hosting it. There was a lot of controversy about whether or not our go. Members of congress spoke out, said i should not go. House inside the white and the state Department Said i should not go. They were sending a delegation, but i had been invited the yuan to speak and nobody else on our delegation had been extended that. We had a high powerful Wonderful Group of people going. The United States would not have a promised speaking role if i did not go and i thought it was speakant to speak up and out for womens rights. Go person who told me not to was the president and i said it is something i feel strongly about. I learned later that as i was speaking and calling out practices, cultural and historical, political and social practices that it infringed on womens participation in society china, i wast to talking about the one child policy. The chinese cut off the loudspeakers so that you could and itear me in the hall may have been broadcasting all of the speeches and they cut it off. I did not learn that until later and the other thing because activists like you were pouring iteijing and they said was really primitive conditions and that is where they wanted to the officialrs of delegation, so i said i would go out there. It was pouring rain, miserable weather. People were standing up to their calves in mod mud. The tallest person, so she are pushing her, cap forging ahead. I spoke there and the action we adopted really became a foundation for changing a lot of laws and taking many other practices from that point forward. Fastforward these many years later, i get a note, and email from someone i know who is in beijing and he is in a Big Department store shopping or something. Here in the aisle of this Department Store and usually over the loudspeakers they play music, but they are broadcasting their speech and i thought better late than never. [laughter] wonderful story. I thought everyone who did not want her to go was missing out. I can understand why they did not want to make the chinese matt. I was trying to have a constructive which ship with china, but you cant have one with someone if you walk around on your tippy toes, so i never thought about sending her. I thought it was crazy. We wanted to do things and i tried to engage africa in way that no Previous Administration had. They needed our help with health care issues, but we cannot do that if we were unwilling to take a position on female genital mutilation. By the time i went to africa, hillary had already went to these womens groups who were trying to and female genital mutilation. Not done that, outstanding to do things the next five years would have been dramatically undermined. Never reportedey in the beijing newspaper that she was in town. Experience,my first first time i had ever gone to admirer ofm a great the culture and history and i give the Chinese People and enormous amount of credit for lifting hundreds of millions of their citizens out of abject poverty, but it was my first time really understanding how they try to control the information that their citizens i had a to access and very constructive, respectful relationship when i was secretary of state and i am concerned that china is forsting in the technology the most pervasive surveillance te that is imaginal imaginable, using a system to punish people based on what the cameras show they are doing or failing to do. The Chinese People have come so far and have such an amazing ofortunity to break out where they are now and build a really constructive, cohesive Entrepreneurial Society that will eventually move towards greater personal freedom and really being challenged by what we see happening inside the government in china, so it is a one step forward, good news, bad news story. Strongly as believe bill said, we need constructive positive relationship and that means being respectful and firm. It does not mean hurling insults via twitter and making all claims. It doesnt mean bluffing, it does not mean any of that. It means establishing a constructive relationship with a very important and fastmoving, goering growing, powerful country. I think there are a lot of setbacks and i stay in touch with a lot of Chinese Women that i met there. Bill and i had a state visit to china and a few years later i went back as senator, went back as secretary of state and i worry that the openings that are made it a lot possible beginning to shrink and i think that would be a great loss. On that note we can stay a little bit longer. Im not done with you yet. Here inve law student places you cannot even see from here listening into this and the three of you have had lifelong experiences using your law degrees in interesting and in thent ways, including effort to bring human rights to the world. Could in oneou sentence, maybe one and a half sentences each of you say what you would advise our law students about the future . [laughter] [indiscernible] no matter how you cut it, so the question is will you live in ms of interdependence positive interdependence or negative interdependence where we negotiate every last thing in. Zerosum environment i dont think it is complicated. I could fill the auditorium with studies that show diverse groups with the ability to think, speak and act freely and homogenous groups. Do that wouldcan make that most credible to People Living in other countries is to make our own democracy work better because i would just give you one example. We were talking about africa. George w. Bush explain what that is. Is a program that funds 3 billion a Year American efforts to combat aids, tuberculosis and other problems around the world. Meagreed to work with against the advisors who wanted to defend big pharma and let the countries he worked in by drugs tot we have negotiated dramatically lower prices, so all the sudden they could save 45 times as many lives. But, we are not doing much in africa. Will clearlear we the act that ive passed in 2000 that would create the opportunity for jobs. Modernnese just built a railroad all across Eastern Africa and the africans wanted it and negotiated it. Reputationterrible for mining in peru. Terrible working conditions for the peruvians. They are getting a lot better. In other words, they say better ofoperate from a position control and move to core operation than start with your kind of democracy which is subject to all sorts of paralysis and were now nobody word st your word for trusts your word anymore will i think there are a lot of humans rights issues. A woman stopped me in new york last night, a beautiful african woman in her early 40s to tell her he introduced me to son and said i have a 13yearold an 18yearold. The grace of god, more than half of us got away the United States pushing and pushing. I never thought i would get the thank you personally. Ill must die. And her father was one of the only who had gotten a goldmedal in the olympics from her country. We need to make our country work more like Justice Ginsburgs decisions. [applause] i think it is helpful to recall the way it was when i was nominated, 1993 and there was a true bipartisan spirit in that congress. My wife was worried about my and members of the white house staff, they would ask questions like you were on the board of the aclu in 1975. Resolution, how did you vote . I said just stop because theres willng you can say that lead me to raise the work of the American Civil Liberties union. My big supporter on the iciary to better was patch orrin hatch. Be. Is the way it should 963 and even the three, jesse helms was one of the three, he did not hold me up because you nominated me on june 14. Any senator could have put a hold and the hearing would have carried over to the fall, but jesse announced he was going to vote against me, but would not hold me up. Senate wast our working the way it should and i hope that it works against my lifetime. [applause] i think you are in law school at an extraordinarily important time in our country because many of the issues that are being thought out plot out in the courts and politics are going to need voices that will stand up for the kinds of decisionmaking that Justice Ginsburg was talking about when she was nominated and confirmed in the senate. Is aworried that there sense that this is the way it has always been and it hasnt. There is a cynicism about the way decisions are made in books, human nature being the way it is, that is always a factor, but theres always a much stronger try to as bill said, beyond the level and live in a world where people are coming together and not splitting apart, where divisiveness and meanness were called out, not hereted, so those of you at this Excellent Law School will have a role to play, whether you practice law in whatever setting or get into politics or business or whatever you eventually decide to do, but you are now a welltrained citizen which may be the most Important Role that any of us call to play right now, someone who regardless of political understands we have to support our institutions, support the rule tolaw, have to continue strive for a more Perfect Union and everyone has a role to play and amending that. But alsoexciting time, a sobering time to be in law school and trying to figure out how you can make your contribution in whatever area you choose. I am fundamentally optimistic, but i do think it does not happen because we wish for it, it happens because people understand the stakes of who goes on the federal bench, understand the stakes of who gets elected to make decisions and try to hold people accountable for what they believe in in terms of the kind of country we want were people or disagree or certainly make those disagreements very public, but at the end of the day as we saw ginsburg,ith justice you keep trying to get to the right decision based on the law and the facts and the consequences for human beings. [applause] one thing i hope you learn is how to listen. To those who are different. My favorite example of one who learned on the job was my old chief. He said i can count on you to be on the other side of the cases that i argue. One day when the family medical upheldct was held against the challenge . He wrote the opinion upholding the family medical leave act. Homei brought the opinion and asked did you write this . My old chief listens and he learned about the job. The dean is going to come back and he is going to pardon . You testified . I did. Fromhave a few questions our students, but before we do that, a round of applause. [applause] reach her question, i would like you to stand up. The question is, what advice would you give those of us who want to be in politics considering how toxic the environment is today . Get involved and make it less toxic. [applause] ini think you have to go very clear eyed about what the current environment in our political system is and how you will be a target and all kinds of accusations and falsehoods will be leveled against you and online media makes it pervasive, so you do have to understand that you put yourself into the public arena in todays world. Are ones you have to be willing to bear in the same time, i think it is important for more people to get involved to run for office, support those who run for office because we need good and particularly young Diverse People to be part of our politics. I would advise you to get the supplement that was in the New York Times a few weeks ago and a meeting organized in texas that brought together more than 500 of all races, genders, organize inity and six workshops. They were stunned at how interested people were and how they came around. How conservative members ended up supporting the public option in health care when they realized there was not a good option for people. They had a lot of people on the left who understood there were practical problems and figuring out what to do about building a whole new system. People were getting sick everyday and they still need health care. People, theo the Interest Groups and aggravating. E are more more personal contact to be used to recreate the conditions of the chamber when they are out in the back rooms talking about these cases. Polarized iness our politics because we dont vote our common sense often because we are messed up. Our brains get rewired when we heard all this garbage that is floating all over and it is not just social media. It is hard to keep a newspaper going today unless we are very lucky in washington. Lmost nobody else can you have to sell online ads and it depends on how many clicks there are and that would determine whether your story gets on the evening news. Gearedle thing is turning threedimensional people and threedimensional problems into 2d cartoons. Lot016 the democrats lost a of close races. That is my advice to you, go to the people on and dont let anybody get in the way. When they start to get mad who tries tody make you mad does not want you to think, therefore they are not your friend. Run for office, make people you are believe it believe you are in it for them. That is my advice. [applause] next question from victoria brown. S, what is your greatest legal or legislative victory . The legal victory case either on the court or as an advocate that you are most proud of . Im not sure i grasp the question. Is there a case that you wrote that is the most significant for you . Asking which of my grandchildren and great me. Dchildren is dearest to [laughter] i wont ask that. There are any number of cases , one of course is the Virginia MilitaryInstitute Case which the court decided with only one dissent. My buddy just as justice. Calia dissented dissented they wanted to be engineers, nuclear scientist. They go through the same line as the men. The nted to change they did not want to change 11 quarters, they just wanted to have the opportunity that the state was making only to men and not women. The title is United States verse virginia. It was the United States of america telling a state you cannot make an opportunity available to one sex only. Lily ledbetter is another case. She was an area manager at a Goodyear Tire plant. She got her job in the 1970s, only women doing it. One day, she finds a slip of paper in her mailbox with a series of numbers which she recognizes right away is the pay of the other area managers and she sees she is at the very bottom earning less than those she had trained to do the job. Lawsuit,ht a title vii got a nice jury verdict, gets to the Supreme Court and the court sued too late. The law says you have to complain within 180 days of the discriminatory incident and you were discriminated against years and years ago. You are way out of time. Supposedy dissent was she sued early on, she did not know what the pay was early. The defense would have been it has nothing to do with her being a woman, she just does not do the job as well as men. 12 years later, they have given her good performance ratings so that defense is no longer available to them all stop she has a credible case. Another thing about not suing noty, the first woman does want to be seen as a troublemaker. The dissent was the soul of the complicity. Every paycheck blanks the discrimination so the clock runs from her most recent paycheck. Lineed my dissent with the the ball is now in congress is court to congress correct the error and then there. As a groundswell aisleides of the overwhelming support and it was the first piece of legislation that present obama signed when he took office, so congress confirmed whatey i thought they meant. I remember that so well. Secretary clinton . I think probably the two things that mean the most to me on the second did term of the ministration to help put past the Childrens Health insurance program. Successful inen obtaining universal Health Care Coverage and i was trying to figure out what we could do to try to help some people, and particularly kids who we documented who were often uninsured because their families did not get employerbased health care. They cannot afford it. Otherwise, they were making too much money through medicaid and if they had preexisting conditions, even the employer insurance would not cover them. There were millions of childrens who do not have access and i worked with ted kennedy and orrin hatch to pass the state Childrens Health insurance program. You have employerbased health care, medicare, medicaid, the the a and the chip program. About 10 million kids per year are covered by that and certainly i meet them all over the country who come up and say if it hadnt been for the chip program, i wouldnt have health care. It is especially timely because the latest numbers show that several hundred thousand kids have lost coverage in the last year and so we have to figure out how we will get them back into the system without much support from the administration. The second thing was the work that i did after 9 11 as a senator from new york and it was just the most overwhelming responsibility to represent new ,ork at that time and initially the bush administration, the night after 9 11, and request to congress for 20 million, lou not a penny for new york. Andade absolutely no sense i was in the senate at 6 00 in the morning on september 13 to make the case that obviously new york had been devastated along with not only buildings destroyed, but thousands of lives lost in businesses decimated. Thatng on that and getting through the congress, working on the Victim Compensation fund, working on the First Responders health needs, that was the most meaningful work that i did during my eight years in the senate. First of all, to state the obvious, a lot of things that a requiret does do not legislation, so a lot of things are important to me. ,he balkans, the middle east the mexican economy, putting gps into the public domain. Believe it or not, there were people against that. They did not require legislation and then the most popular bill was a family medical leave law. People still come up and talk to me about their experience which is why we should have paid leave like a handful of other countries have. Andassault weapons ban violence against women act, those things were important to me, but the thing that by farhad the effect on the largest number people is not widely understood because it did not 50 political republicans ore the Political Press at the time. That was reversing trickledown economics. That was passed in 1993. It passed by one vote in votes both houses. If we dont have trickledown economics, the world will come to an end. It is the only time in the last 50 years, that we had shared prosperity across all economic groups. Almost also the most robust growth. The second was under president reagan. That is because we were on a sugar high. In times of demand, we had never run massive deficits at peacetime and sadly the money was not used to invest, it was given to people on a highly skewed income basis, but he did have pretty robust growth, but if you look at the charts, he beat me in one category. Up. 20 income went all of that i believe is in the rest [no audio] the the only time it is happen in the last 50 years, and without them all, we would not have had the ability to do some of the executive things, like enforcing the Community Reinvestment act, and a lot of other things that flooded money into working people and families that never had a chance before. Had by far the most important impact and would have had more impact if the American People had known it, but for reasons that were a mystery to me, it was not particularly newsworthy. People could say, president s do not have a lot of impact on economic growth. Onis a lot, a huge amount, what we all share, and i see my shee political style is up there nodding his head. It affected most people, and i would like to see us get back to it. I agree with paul krugman, the New York Times economist, that it does not matter much now because there is such a slack in demand. For example, we have 4 unemployment, and the Current Administration brags about having 3. 5 . That 3. 5 with under 63 of the workforce working. We had 4 with 67 of the workforce working, so there was all of this shared prosperity, and it really matters. You know, people come up to me and say, we were all getting along when you were there. That is not entirely true. We had church burnings. We had, you know, defacements at synagogues, the beginnings of a lot of antimuslim activity, and we had up in michigan, but it was controlled. We fought it, and we beat it back every time, instance by instance, and if you reverse trickledown economics, and you go from bottom up and the middle out, you get a heck of a lot better results, and we can all figure out how to do the rest. I am proud that we got 10 million more people on college aid. I am proud that he had the first two years of college free so people could take the tax asdits, but nothing is important as ending this insane notion is all we have to do is keep throwing tax cuts at the top 1 and all will be well. True. Simply not we have to do this together. [applause] i have one final question, which i will ask, but i would just say after the question, we will have a reception, so i hope you all will join us, as well as people in the overflow room, and then, also our incredible guests before you depart. Ok, now the question is on everybodys mind. Madeline bardi. You have all been in d. C. For quite some time now. Are you rooting for the nationals . [laughter] i guess is. Clinton should go first. I am the only one not running for anything. Cannot or may not, but i legally run for president again. Maybe town supervisor or something. To Justice Ginsburg has continue her impartiality, i suppose, but i have loved baseball since i was a little boy. We got ourwhen i first television, and i used to sit on the ground on the floor and just watch these baseball games. I once knew the name of every player on the brooklyn dodgers roster. I loved the new york giants when we were there. It was a great thrill, becoming president , and anybody would come to meet you, and i got to meet willie mays, so these are the two most complete teams we have had in a long time. Houston is a magnificent team. Do not kid yourself. They are. They are a magnificent team. I want to the nationals to win because we have not won in so long. [applause] former pres. Clinton to do it, they will have to do something that has never been done. This is already the first world series in history for all of the the awaye been won by team, not the home team, and it has not happened in any sport ever, so if the nationals win tonight, it will probably be something that never happens again as long as there is baseball where all seven games will be determined by the away team, and, yes, i want them to win, but i really, if you are a baseball fan, you have got to admire both. They are not just a bunch of stars making a lot of money. They are teams. And it is a good illustration of a point we have all been trying to make at different points throughout the night. [applause] anyone else want to try . Justice ginsburg . [laughter] ok, well i think the tribute to teamwork is a great way to and end and the tribute to the difference that individuals can make, which is, really, that is what this lecture series is about. That is what the justices career is about. Secretary clinton, president clinton, he inspire us all. A round up. You inspire us all. A round of applause. [applause] former sec. Clinton magnificent. [applause] [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2019] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] [applause] for president bill clinton spoke in detroit for former congressman john conyers. Congressman conyers represented michigan in the house of representatives from 1965 until 20 17, making him the longestserving africanamerican member of congress and the six longest serving member in history. He died last sunday at the age of 90. Ladies and gentlemen, at this time, our friend, one who we our 42nd president of these United States of america, the honorable William Jefferson clinton. [applause] former pres. Clinton thank you bishop. H,. T is an honor to be back i thank you and the other bishops and pastors who are participating and the other religious leaders who are in the audience