For ourondary education precious kids and the future of this nation. We know that the font of all wisdom is a repository in the governors offices. We know we have the greatest collection of educational leaders and history of the country. I thirst bipartisan consensus about that this morning. I am looking for to this discussion. I will kick it off with some comments. A few things really go to discussing today, how we will find a hard education, how we make it more accessible to Diverse Communities. How do we use data to these strategies to prioritize our investment. We are looking for preliminary comment on governors doing some really progressive work trying to make Higher Education more affordable and accessible to our families. Debt burdencrushing our families have and we recognize we have talent on a bipartisan basis. Is anor jerry brown champion of the new system in that regard. Kentucky isin and overseeing a hundred nine dollars bond issue to scale up Workforce Development which is really exciting. We have governors across the brown. State, governor congratulations to other governors fighting on this front. We know that is innovation on this front available to. There is a program we call the opportunity scholarship which allows students if they make a commitment to a premier to finance their college education. Has been very helpful for Diverse Communities who previously had low Graduation Rates. This is although i threw for your programs above 90 level. Because we have had a private and Public Partnership to help finance this. Given revenge is a very stressful business person on our stage. This thing has been a spectacular success by having a few dollars from the public and the private that has raised this communities historically we have 50 Graduation Rates, this is high school, 60 . Of 290 plus through a fouryear degree program, these are high demand fields. We have a program called kidsgebound which goes to , mostly low income kids in diverse populations. If theyll agree to keep their nose clean and get a gpa, we increase Graduation Rates by 20 or 25 . Once these kids have a vision for the future, get them through high school. We know Innovation Works and i am looking for two other ideas about how to do that. Look atwe have to innovation in an ontology environment. Is people connecting to the jobs of the future and i dont know what your experiences but in my experience, there is one thing that i say when i am talking to any group in the state of washington, republican, democrat, urban rulers, the one thing that gets universal that we have to quit telling her kids that if they dont get a fouryear degree that they are a failure in life. Everybody feels that transitional need in giving our kids educational opportunities. Governors are leaving this way in many ways. We had the first Apprenticeship Program advanced manufacturing where kids are in a high school in tacoma washington. We had the first group of 12. It was the first we done. One. Ot the only we had the first rollout of the first 12 and they came to sign up with a company. They would have an apprenticeship with them. They come up and they put their hat on and they put the shirt on. It was as exciting as drafted in the nba, lebron james wasnt as excited as these kids were signing up for the Apprenticeship Program. I think that is the future we have to give all dockets 70 of the kids in switzerland age 17 and 18 are in apprenticeships. They have almost no unemployment in their young population in switzerland. We had our first apprentice programs, we had the very first ,oding apprentice of program the last two classes, that 100 employment, a lot of these people are midlife entered into has beenvoting program spectacularly successful. I am looking for to everybody sharing their ideas as well. Giving diverse operations access, we are doing that, or dreamers are getting Financial Aid to ensure sure that our dreamers have access. These are some of the most ambitious and smartest kids in our state. They wanted to become doctors and lawyers and i dont know what this is going to do or how they treat or dreamers but in our state we want them to become doctors and lawyers and their doing that very time. We are giving them a chance to actually finance that. We know we have some challenges here in d. C. And we voted during governors and helping our members of congress understand our challenges. There are some threats for net in the Higher Education act, there are some proposed cuts to some support systems and i hope we all will be vocal in talking to our legislators to see to it that we dont go backwards in our Financial Aid system. I want to thank everybody who is pitching in on this. I want to turn it over to south dakotas great governor who has inspired us in so many ways. I want to tell you you have been one of the most inspirational voices ive heard making sure our kids with disabilities get access as well. Governor, thank you and that you for your leadership. Thank you governor. Thank you all for being here for this presentation and for this great panel. Today we have the pleasure of being joined by kevin mccarey. There is a mother of the book called in the college, creating the future of learning and the university of everywhere. I know he is happy to have me mention that is available on amazon. But he has been thinking about this and writing about this. Im interested to you from kevin. Also joining us today is susan mojica. She is a former Arizona State university student, a participant in the Starbucks College Achievement plan and currently a candidate for a masters in Public Health at george mason university. Thank you both for being a today. Toill turn it over to doug recognize our third panelist and our first presenter. Governor ducey . Doug i take great pride in introducing a force of nature from arizona. Michael crow came to Arizona State in 2002 Via Columbia University where he was vice provost in charge of science and technology. He came to our state with a grand vision, to create a new american university. The proof is really in the pudding. Not only with the scholars that he has been able to attract, retain and graduate but with the distinction of being named the nations most Innovative University for the third year running by u. S. News and world report. Bidding at institutions such as stanford and m. I. T. This is the gentleman that has not only transforms this university, he has laid the groundwork to transform the state. The Honors College at Arizona State university was recently called by the New York Times as the nations Gold Standard in Honors Colleges. The equivalent of an Ivy League Education and an incredible value to arizona students. So it gives me great pride to introduce if we could get a warm welcome to president michael crow. [applause] michael it is a privilege to be here and speak with you. I come in hard off the stagecoach from arizona. 48 states added to the lower 48 frontier. The frontier where new models that can help us to actually shape our future are possible. We have been able to build a new University Model and im i mean a new University Model. It could have been called to the old idea of what an American Public university was supposed to be. Connected to everyone, working with everyone, unbelievably efficient and an effective. It could be what the future would mean which is a university which has a connection to everyone, connecting at all levels of education to every citizen that needs something from the university. You are all the arbiters of the future. Your constitutional assignments are unique in our democracy. You have unique responsibility for advancing and designing those elders of our democracy that is most readily dependent upon education and for overseeing those educational processes in each of the state. The question to each of you is can we does a new kind of college or University Community college local, for your Public College . Can we build a system within Higher Education and in particular that can be adapted . Actually respond to the changes that are around us rather than something you have all been told. We can do anything done at that place, heres what we are facing. I uses were intensely. A fundamental economic and social change moment. Like nothing that anyone alive were our parents for our grandparents or error greatgrandparents have ever experienced, that is the rate of technological investment will accelerate infinitely. Through that acceleration, all things that we think about, the way and economy works, the way work is done, the definition of work, the definition of education, the definition of a career, a job, the definition of labor, the definition of all things will be altered by the fact that we all carry around supercomputers in our pocket. You know all of that. With the growing diversity of the american population, you match that with the unbelievable rise of Global Economic power which is to the longterm benefit of population on this planet. You match all that together and say was as a taper is to be successful in the future . This isa politician but on a three year running average in all our most of the states and aggregate into a national level. We have problems rivet differences social mobility. This is further advancement of our population. Continuingblems with the American Dream if we cant maintain that level of economic advance. If we can graduate by the 90 or 90 of our high schools dunes, we are sending them to a life of suffering. We are sending them to a life of suffering. You all know all of this. If we cant get at least 60 for the foreseeable future to some kind of second or certificate. Terms, high school terms, post secondary old terms. College, all terms, these are fixed boxes of the past. If we can get 60 to a closer secondary certificate, you will have a work worse being able to adjust quickly enough to the thing that is changing everything which is ubiquitous forever technological events. If we cant do that in our ability to accelerate social mobility, our ability for our democracy to work will actually be challenged. Andrtunately, each of you me in the 16 years ive been at Arizona State, well inherited a design for public higher fixed,on that is rigid, largely incapable of understanding how to modernize. Programsean individual or individual initiatives or this group or this group for the center, i mean in aggregate. Since 1980, the United States government has assisted citizens of the United States through pell grants, more than half of them have no degree. Have a join those of expenditures. What you call a person that goes to college in the United States today and doesnt finish . 33 million of our living in our states was the work . What do you call someone who didnt finish college . A dropout. It is a derogatory term. We have a system of Higher Education was uses derogatory terms to label people that didnt finish their institution which could not adjust to helping them to finish. This fixed model of higher intense that i will be two examples. One of your former governors is now the president of purdue university. Mitch daniels has been innovative in driving forward initiatives. He was so bold as to try to acquire an Online Platform so that he could scale purdue universities landgrant mission to something that other just a few kids who could come there and attend university in a physical form. Could he take that model and expanded out so that everybody would have an opportunity to engage purdue . That is an unbelievable institution. Could he do that . He took that risk. What is going on that is his back of the hazards assembled. They will go up to chicago and meet with the Higher Learning commission and urge that this thing he acquired from the market that he is converting into a notforprofit arm to extend the power of purdue university. I will say this, that is insanity to those on the purdue faculty. Im just telling you. We did a program if years ago and youll hear from one of our graduates at the starbucks corporation, starbucks has more than 130 or 40,000 employees in the United States, cap or so went to college and never finished. Could a great conscious capitalist Corporation Company like starbucks working with their partners work with a civic minded university to develop a program that could find a way to get people quit started college were out in the workforce, had debt or some problem and couldnt solve the problem can we figure a way so that they can graduate from college with no debt . We lost a program, graduated a thousand people. We plan on graduating 25,000 for which we had to do brain control to maintain damage control on our own brand. Universityife scum would be so foolish as to diver the energy of its elite faculty to educating College Dropouts working at starbucks. That is how bad it has gotten. Out on the frontier, heres what we decided to do. I was the executive vice provost there. That was proving that want to be operating at that kind of level. One of the things i learned is that innovation was central to everything. Innovation was largely anachronistic to academic culture except in a Science Laboratory or engineering laboratory. Out on the frontier, heres what we decided to do. We built a new design at all levels. The university did not exist for the faculty. This is serious business. Exists first for the student, second for the community and the community we serve and lastly, the fact that they are the means rather than the end of the institution. To do that we redefined our entire purpose, we restructured a charter those around what a Public University is supposed to be. Our institution will be measured exclusion. N bursts itll actually measure the success of the university based on who we include and how our students succeed. Second we will measure the Research Power of the university by what we did to actually benefit the public in a measurable way. Lastly, this is well articulated. The university will actually take responsibility for the outcomes of our community. Economic, social, educational, health, wellbeing. K12 is underperforming. We are partly to blame. Second, we changed the design of the university. Most minute colleges that you all oversee or fund or interact with in one way or another that but my public agencies, that is an archaic model that will never deliver what you want. They would not be to become efficient, effective, they will not give to largely increase with some exceptions because the design is wrong. We went away from the agency model to the enterprise model. Enterprise was actually responsible for planning resources beyond those provided by the government. All universities do this. Shift,damental design im still on the list of setting out to design a different kind of university. He changed our clock speed. Me manych my wife gave years ago, it actually measure the rotation of the year. Also, the speed of the earths rotation, each second is not a semester. Academic watch, the five seconds is five semesters, that is 2. 5 years, that doesnt work, the clock speed of a modern death rule University Must be at the speed of the economy, the speed of change, the speed of what it takes to be competitive, technology. We embrace Technology Like no tomorrow. This was a nobel prizewinning economist. If you dont embrace technology, your price will rise infinitely. From this, suffers academia suffers from this, we embrace technology. I do have a punchline im working toward. This allows us to do other things, scale, all caps is set in some kind of isolated, interactive arena where they believe they have to solve everything themselves. Their scale is what they think of as the lenders that come to the campus. If you dont finish at one of these campuses, youre a drop off and they cast out. We decided to change this gap and the focus of the institutional institutions to social scale. Could we help the Companies Like starbucks to graduate another hundred thousand people over a number of years eliminating college debt as the problem . Could we scale where we could find a way to work with the entire k12 community we built a digital platform engaged with the entire k12 community. This will prove certain things and integrate them in learning centers and so forth. Excellent and access into a Single Institution . Academic excellence means you actually allow your faculty members to think well of themselves rather than giving them the job of only being a teacher. If you call them only a teacher and call it a college or university, they will forever believe themselves to be in a social hierarchy where they are by definition secondclass. If theyre secondclass, soon will be unionized and so they will be organizing against you. That is the way it works. Resources. We acquire our resources not from the lord and master of the State Government but the State Government invest what they can. Acquired resources are through partnerships and engagement in the market and engagement in a message advancing our ideas and activity. University itself is not accessible to the broadest crosssection of society and i called itself a Public University and it has not been successful. Body isent representative of the entire socioeconomic university of our , it took our regions pluggers of changes to be up to get there and we have been there for years at that about diversity. Unbelievable changes and then finally, quality. Do it. Ot quality, dont close it, shut it, limited. Change it, change the leaders, do whatever is necessary. Heres the results. Governor ducey knows that in all states including arizona we are interested in having more stem graduate. We decided to limit all their engineering departments. This will change who would attend the school, would graduate the school. Can we get more minorities and overall . Le this is an older model called a polytechnic school. It doesnt students in engineering in 2008 with a 68 fresh retention rate. On campus, four thousand online, a 90 freshman retention rate. The Online Students have the worlds first fully credited on my knowledgeable engineering degree for undergraduates. Everything can imagine, thelievable formats so that guys in on the ship woman of the coast of korea or afghanistan while they are serving a country can also get an logical engineering degree. We are actually trying to produce fantastic opportunities at university. This is the crux of the story. Since 2003, 2002 is the first or we began implementing the new model, we produced three times as many graduates as reproduced in 2003. We went from a thousand to 24,000 graduates from areas to show. Five times the level of research, more research than is going on outside of medicine at stanford and ucla and usc and harvard and princeton and carnegie mellon, a huge metamorphosis of our faculty. We have 10 times the number of learners that is someone taking at least one course from us online 10 times. We have a 95 improvement in our fouryear graduation rate. 95 improvement using technologies and innovation and that. We have a sam farr percent reduction in the cost of the state to produce to a civil degree. Our faculty is the same size. That is a metamorphic transformation because out on we frontier, where we are, dont have a fixed idea of what we are supposed to be. Most universities have become fixed ideas. That is work anymore, it worked very well, we have unbelievable achievements and it does mean ever one has to change. Our 2025 balls are even more significant. 32,000 graduates, matching the diversity of our support society. Men, women, ethnicity. No predictability based on Family Income for graduation. What is the key drive . New design. Anyone of you as governor that are tempted to enhance the productivity of your universities by managing the present design, you will not be successful. This is particularly operating this cap. We all know definitively that for the 10yearold child born into thousand eight, for that child, 60 of the jobs that child will have access to an answer the workforce, i dont mean this lightly, they do not exist. We dont even know what they will be called. All we know is that for them to be able to do this job successfully to advance our country, economically and socially and culturally, they will have to be master learners of some type. You cant do that unless you can skip and that we have never been able to scale before. Think for the invitation and a little story from the stagecoach from arizona. Thank you. [applause] we are not happy to have susanna mojica who is a starbucks partner and firstgeneration College Graduate over in virginia. Thank you. Thank you for having me. I was really excited that our good to speak with the state. My parents are from mexico and immigrated to the United States to give us a better opportunity. I was born in california and growing up, it wasnt a question of going to college, that was my main goal. That theresue was was no money there. My parents didnt have the resources to save for college. As determined as i was, i said i will take loans out. I flew from california to new york, went to syracuse for the year and after the first year, i knew there was no active graduate from there and have that large of a loan over my head. How would i survive . So i got scared and i became a dropout. Definitely had a negative connotation, one that stuck with me. At that time i really love and got married to my husband edgar. He is in the coast guard and started moving around. I did know how to bring my education act in with so many deployments, would i be studying and we would have to deploy with ing . E credits transfer after three years i had three beautiful children. They became my priority. From then on i said i will stay thecollege, you wont have same concerns and worries that i had when it was time for me to go. They became the priority. I started working at starbucks. It was test just meant to be a very casual parttime job. The Culture Program was announced and i signed up that very same day. I get very emotional about it. I do this was my opportunity to go back to school. I started attending the very first session offered. 2017, rd to may of fastforward to may of 2017. It could be my determination and hard work that is got me to the point that i am at. Doing, it wast my starbucks in Arizona State that gave me this lucky break that created this opportunity for me to drive. They believed in me and looked at it as a social project. Through this idea and so much confidence. Im currently enrolled and working towards a masters in Public Health. I should be graduating next spring and i was promoted to assistant store manager so i should be running my own starbucks here in a few months. Without this program, i would not be here. Im incredibly grateful for the partnership that dr. Crow and dr. Scholls came up with. This resonates at this for, i have a few partners. We refer to ourselves as partners of starbucks. Such aust creating different environment in our store. Thank you so much for listening to my story. [applause] thank you susanna, it was a profound hope that when youre done with your degree that you will apply for a job with the governor of virginia as well. We have kevin, the Vice President of education, policy and management at new america. Thank you so much to all of you. For letting me come to talk today, i will be great so we can get to the discussion. I am talking from the federal health Higher Education act. This is due mostly sexualharassment policy, workstudy and everything in between. It is a good time to be talking about the Higher Education act. Congress is clearly does this once every 10 years. Last time was 10 years before that. A lot of the states from a financial standpoint and irregulars were standpoint, i will talk about a couple of things. One is information and data. The other is new models to help students get better jobs. As we all know, the states are the foundation of the american Higher Education system. You establish universities, pay for them and then the federal government comes in and provides pell grant and loans. They can go to college, physically the undergraduate level. A lot of the research on incomes from the federal level and a lot lamented at his work rat school is federal loan money as well. But the states and the government have a common interest and that is information. What are we getting as taxpayers and governments for all of that money . Our students graduating and getting jobs . Are they going to graduate school . Can they pay their loans back . This is actually surprisingly hard information to come by sometimes. The reason is we have a National Market for higher. While a lot of states are doing really good work in improving the quality of their data systems, oftentimes, you are limited to what happens inside the estate, if youre in a date multistate metropolitan area and you have a lot of people get jobs from other states that transferring and graduate summerhouse, it is hard for them to know that. Theres an opportunity for the federal government to fill in the gaps and provide all of you with more information both about your institutions Higher Education and just in general how your workforce and education if youre competing on a friendly basis for Big Economic Development opportunities. Thebody was to locate business. You can provide them with the best possible information about both the quality of the institutions and what is happening to your College Graduates. This is the College Transparency act. It would allow the federal government to fill in these gaps with the information you have, it is bipartisan, everyone from senator hatch to senator Elizabeth Warren supports this. This is the chamber of commerce and the business roundtable. This is one of the things that the federal government as well. I started my career working for frank obannon. The stateforgotten perspective in all of these things. Is of the limited roles providing information that goes across the whole country. Data is going to be a keeping and a key opportunity. Second thing is to get that about jobs. Washington state is really a leader in this area. Apprenticeships are an old idea where this is really an opportunity to translate them to the new labor market of the future. We cant just have a system that depends on people getting for your degrees. Most people dont get for your degrees. System that provides a status and pathways to jobs beyond the very upper level professional classes. We need to do it in a way that doesnt segregate and bifurcate our population. If you look at countries like switzerland which has been very apprentice ship there is not separate from the Higher Education system. It is part of the Higher Education system. At the same time we wanted to create more opportunities for those i felt care, fields like i see outside of the traditional building trades, we dont want to create pathways that have no it to get back into the Higher Education system. One idea we have been talking this isis idea of where the federal government can label. It can create a category of a student apprentice. This is where you can register as a student apprentice. Resources so we can connect the information about those purposes with local businesses. This way businesses know what Training Programs are going on. This way we can provide resources to help subsidize the subsidize theso training. Youre the only country with an Apprenticeship Program where businesses have to pay the holocaust as theyre going along. I think modern apprenticeship is an idea of whose time has come. People need these skills to be connected to businesses and this is a role where in partnership with states, we can really make a big difference. Will close my offering. Youre some of the conversations you will be hearing as we move ahead with the Higher Education act. Everybody has a different perspective with these things. I think states and institutions have a shared need and a shared agenda when it comes to making sure our federal loan programs and Grant Programs are therefore our colleges and students when we need them. When you get to some of these issues around data and transparency, that is where the agendas can diverge. You may have someone from your colleges come to and say we should really pushed back on these federal efforts to provide more information. It is intrusive. It is too much power out in washington. It is using the language of federalism to make an argument against this. It is often an argument against transparency. An argument against accountability. Great universities like Arizona State are 100 on board with more information because they know when you are transparent about how you are doing. Great things the we just heard, innovation, new people and ideas, places like Arizona State look great. Not all colleges are like Arizona State, not all universities are as good as universal Arizona State. Need to provide all of you with more information so you can focus on quality, have the right leaders and the people in the right directions. We have a great opportunity with the Higher Education act and to really move the Higher Education a system ahead. We have the innovation, the quality and the access that all of our students have. Peggy for the opportunity to thank you for the opportunity to speak. I would go to the conversation. [applause] we have a portion where you can ask questions of this great panel and is a great panel, i appreciate it. We just witnessed the first bipartisan standing up standing ovation. That is quite an achievement. Crow, your comments were so inspirational i almost feel bad about the game against your basketball team. Here is the question if i go back and talk to my president s about your presentation which is incredibly exciting, if i talk about the need for innovation and talking with some of the Innovative Systems you have used they respond to those ideas thatat would they say might create a resistance and how would you respond to those and what could governors do most effectively to help College Leadership along the path your chosen . What works to free them, and inspire them . The am very familiar with Washington State this is an interesting experiment going in the right direction. Typically, what we hear is that they dont have unions in arizona. It is too topdown, all the solutions have to come from the faculty. It is a equity sensual faculty centric model. We live in such a privileged position. Youll has donors have created public universities and colleges that live in privilege. We now need to be given an unbelievable assignment and the assignment is we are interested in you educating kids that come to the university and the college at the highest possible level, graduated because the come to Community Colleges which very few do graduate. ,dvancing to a level of metrics that is off the charts. We need goals that are really difficult to achieve. We need to be free from a bureaucratic control, these are institutions that if reports of death from certain controls need to be held accountable and those are new models. What you hear from people in is we need more money from the legislature. What we really need is more capital investment, that model cannot scale under any circumstance to the level of educational productivity required for us to prepare the population for the coming economic and technological changes. Basicallyill hear is not a defense of the historic model that you will hear that this is the model we have. What one has to find his those want to innovate, empower them, see you can get changes in behavior from their activity and then use those as exemplars. Doesnt have to do to be prickly on occasion. What has been successful for you in getting by . That ering the fact something other than petty bureaucrats. Faculty tod our design their intellectual futures, to create new programs. We eliminated 80 academic programs at multiple levels, we created new schools for earth and space exploration. It has taken off. Unbelievable school of sustainability which is focused on Economic Growth and protection of the sustainability of the paragraph planet for future generations. They are running these small, tightknit argumentative bureaucracies among and between each other. That is something that has to be freed. This is the series of bureaucratic relation. Thank you, kevin, you talked about the title is the university of everything. That with the university of arizona is doing Arizona State is becoming more like that and i am wondering if you can react to and whether itn fits with what you see occurring from your vantage point. Arizona state is definitely a leader in this field. Have a some of us dont sense of how quickly things are normal thed how intensive use of technology is for both Current College students and future college generations of students. There was still be a lot of people that go someplace and live with other students. It is a great educational environment. A lot of people are also online for they will split their time. That are focused and interpersonal, that is what is good for those classes but now access to great learning communities around the world. The biggest thing is you have to take all your classes from one place anymore. To make that work with you to there are good systems for transferring credit so you can put together to respond races. We need to be open to new credentials. We need to modernize our Financial Aid system. This way people can use their Student Loans or grants for degrees that actually fit the modern labor market. But at the same time, we have to make sure there is Quality Control and consumer protection. If we opened the floodgates and a look after things, there is a real opportunity for exploitation. It is really Financial Access and equality in looking at all three of the sins at the same time. That weld enter that went from 45 to 75,000 oncampus students. Cannot have done that without an unbelievably innovative factory and with that technology as our friend. What we do that Technology Platform for the university itself, we didnt realize that we did reach out to others and have 30,000 students online and then was deborah moved from that we have 4000 other students signed up for one class and interacting with us in another way. That led us to the point where we both a Digital High School that we just released this year in his first semester. We now realize we had this little thing, we have the core of a Public University operating in a research modality that can be part of a broader initiative. Universal learner can be coming in and out of the educational system throughout their life along the way, even before their at committee college or Technical School or whatever. You may be doing your Technical Partnership and welding. You need to pick up a class on business or a class on engineering principles or this or that. We now realize we can do that and not change the quality of the education of the student privileged enough to come live with us on school. Nearly all of those doomsday come to the university with us wont be paying any tuition because they will be part of the work environment, helping us to deliver this universal learner to a broader population. Hundreds could affect the outcome of the entire country. Can you expect to make much had we measure Student Outcomes . How should we be doing that russian mark should heldtution be accountable for those . Those are important questions with relatively easy answers. We should measure taking our graduates, whether they making . What about their life, their life outcomes, their employability . , all those things are yet the measure with actually learned. Today have clinical Critical Thinking skills . Should universities be accountable for that . Unequivocally they should be accountable. They should be so accountable shoulde Leadership Teams be replaced as rapidly as you can replace them. People who deliver that kind of measurable outcome. If the city can deliver them then you should definitely replace those people. First i want to say susanna, great speech, i hoping to graduate from george mason you will come back to arizona. Out to touch on three things and then let you take it from there. Things i have seen and observed in arizona that you created, this idea of access. That a Public University should not measure itself by how many applications in receives and then the kids it excludes. Then talk about how youve taken the talented kids in arizona that can leave and go anywhere they want in the country and keep them in state . Lastly, the concept of embeddedness, you sing a university should impact its city and its state in a positive way. He pointed out where our state was on the day you came and then the positive things that have happened during your tenure and then you pointed out other excellent institutions but said how was that city doing . On the question of access, we that we would be egalitarian in our access. We would not be artificially fake in setting emission standards. Of theesk is the catalog university of california from august 10 to get into the university of california. You needed a b average. There is no tuition cost whatsoever. You needed a b and 15 courses that prepare you to do University Level work. If you had that average, you were admitted no matter how many of you there were. There was no enrollment cap, there was no funding model. It had not become a rigid bureaucracy. We are doing everything we can do implement that model from 1950, everything we possibly can to a Research Great university. Driven by all the talent from every family background. For us, that is very challenging, although things were talking about are challenging. We made that work, 20 of our stems are at or below the poverty line. 12 dozenr incoming freshmen are nonwhite. As higher than the birth percentage of the state. We have found ways through socioeconomic commitment and by not measuring ourselves based on family kids, yall know the joke they only 5 of the applicants. The next year, then your times wrote a parody that sending had become the greatest universe and that ever lived because they admitted no one. Their donations were through the roof. With internet new donations that were going to invent a new center for social justice. A metallic perspective, yet make certain all of our states i can from the university, they think that somehow, every smart kid in the country is at call me or stanford or harvard or princeton. Most of the kids are really smart if not gifted. The millions of people out there that are just as capable arent at those schools. The size ofprogram the student body but operates independently different income level. What important from that, we are designed to make university as were of possible. Hundreds and hundreds of undergraduate degree programs capping tapping into the talent of the breath of our society, not the narrowing narrow funneling of our society into small activities. Means we are involved in everything possible, the improvement of neighborhoods, 40,000 students working as volunteers, working in every business that you can possibly imagine down to the level of company by company, actually be of service . Actively build custom things . How can we use our technologies to project some benefit of your social enterprise or your business enterprise. These are the things we have been working on. The tendency to continue to graduate students and programs and having degrees that the industry no longer has a need up or there is an oversupply or no demand and get, we dont have enough it seems to me in some of these areas were less education is required in terms of seats. The demand is there and i know part of that is our failure to help young people understand the tot that paths that lead Job Opportunities and the ones that dont. I am wondering if you can comment on that. Quest that is difficult because we have seen a shift where people using College Degrees as aoxies where that must be hard worker so people are now requiring College Degrees for past did notthe require College Degrees, that is a competent thing going on. There is a shortage of College Graduates right now, unemployment for College Graduate is under 3 and going down. Unemployment for high school bad, theis always number of jobs in the economy for those with a high school we need a lot of new labels for things. We are not producing enough in our product. Itchy from our institution has a 7 rate of return to get there teaching degree over their lifetime. That is better than the stock market return. Is just as important as the engineer even though the economy doesnt compensate them in the same way. Arei dozen was degrees better than others. All universities and all colleges should be held accountable for the quality of their degrees and the success of their students. , our back to our Charter Charter says we will be held accountable for the success of our students. We will be held accountable for the success of our communities. Issueslves some of those if that can be embedded in the logic of enough colleges or universities. One more question. Thank you president crow. We had an opening at the university of oklahoma former president. We appreciate all of your comments today. Do you have tenure . We do but we dont allow the urban myths of what tenure is thought to be. Tenure is an essential ingredient to the way that knowledge is created. Knowledge is created by the destruction of previous theories. The destruction or previous ideas and without tenured faculty members, they would kill each other off attempted to protect their ideas from being attacked by others. So long as you work hard, so long as you contribute and continue to contribute. So long as you dont misbehave, so long as you dont abuse your position. Tenure is a license for academic achievement. If all those things occur and are underperforming, you go through posttenure review. Most people put up for posttenure review quickly. If they then agree to that treatment, there held accountable to improve their behavior. If they dont agree to that, they are fired. If their conduct is unbecoming, they are fired. Tenure isnt a lifetime deal. Back andny scars on my United StatesDistrict Court for lawsuits, although which we won. What i certain that described to you so when im describing it to you. Works the way i am describing it to. Committee this we need to be very active the next several weeks. I hope you all share your ideas, criticism and comment. Is the person with the central conduit, we will collect ideas and we will make sure that Congress Follows the best leaders on a bipartisan basis. We are adjourned. Announcer victims washington journal live every day with news and pulsing issues that impact you. It monday morning, American Federation of state, county and the impact it could have on unions. Case mark janice about the and his attorney on Mondays Supreme Court case on union do. Politico will discuss the week ahead in washington. He sure to watch washington journal live at 7 00 a. M. Eastern monday morning. Join the discussion. Be sure to watch washington journal live at 7 00 a. M. Eastern monday morning. At not cot 00 p. M. Eastern, british Prime Minister inresa may answers questions london. After that, the National Governors association holds a discussion on work force skills and innovation. ,nnouncer this week on q a bowler. Cabler kate she discusses her memoir everything happens for a reason and other lies i have loved. Brian where did you get the title everything happens for a reason and other lies i have loved. Loved