[indistinct conversations] what do you do for a living . I am the chief marketing officer of topbots, focused on Machine Learning. We help executives figure out what this Artificial Intelligence is and how to actually use it and apply it within their businesses. I have been asking everybody, how do you define Artificial Intelligence . We define Artificial Intelligence as using computers or technology to reach human or beyond human levels of ability, whether that is automating different processes. Give me an example. So many. You can have Artificial Intelligence in something as simple as your music playlist or netflix queue. They are using technology that uses Machine Learning to figure out what movies you like to watch and what music you like to listen to. It can be in your female system filtering out spam. That Automated System is a computer algorithm using technologies like deep learning to do that. On the other end, you can have Artificial Intelligence powering self driving cars. Autonomous driving uses vision and Machine Learning to help the car navigate city streets. One of my favorites in the areas most people are excited about is health care and using Artificial Intelligence to help doctors skinr diagnose conditions and heart disease. Can Artificial Intelligence teach itself . Kenny go beyond what humans are capable of . Not yet. In our book, we have two chapters to help people understand what ai is. It is one of the most commonly misunderstood things. There is so much fake news around what Artificial Intelligence is doing and can do. When you think about ai, it is a spectrum of automation. At the basic area, you have rulebased systems. If you are a decision tree, you say a and i will respond with b. That is automation. On the other side is general intelligence. You hear about robots getting smarter than humans, having computer level intelligence capabilities. We are not there yet. We are somewhere in the middle. Artificial intelligence is createng able to music and pictures on its own and starting to learn things. It is definitely not there and cannot have a conversation like you or i can, talking about sports one minute, the news, and philosophy next. There was a big sign that said, sorry, but we cannot take over for you. Do people feel uncomfortable with ai . Adelyn i think there is a mix of unknowns. First, a lot of people dont know what ai is. We work with a lot of sea level clevel executives. What exactly is ai . People dont know what it is. It becomes hard for them. You start getting scared. Movies like terminator, and you think about robots taking over, we are definitely not there yet. The exact number of years very spirit is anywhere from 30 to 50 more years to reach that kind of terminator level. Who founded topbots . Withn we found it topbots two of my colleagues. How do you find yourself . Adelyn we find ourselves with clients. We invested initially our own capital. From then we decided the best proof of a Growth Business is getting the clients. What kind of business . Adelyn the best kind of business for us. We did a lot of venture businesses, but we have a lot of clients and revenue. Three women. Adelyn it is kind of unusual. We have heard a lot of news about women in silicon valley. Adelyn the three of us have been in technology for most of our careers. We are used to it. Jumping on the plane and coming here, i think it was 80 men. You kind of just get used to it. You form partnerships with other women and men who are very supportive of women, and you try to do the best work. You mentioned the book you coauthored, applied Artificial Intelligence. Apply Artificial Intelligence is how do you use ai today in your business . People dont actually know how do i use this technology and make my business grow. What we found is you have really technical books that are so technical that you and i and most people would not be able to cover him. And then you have books that think about what happens when robots take over or super intelligence. For Business Leaders, there is no real handbook on how do i ,pply ai today to my business strategy, frameworks, and how do in other parts of organization to focus on things other than quarterly return and investing in technology that will change lives and my company. You onre going to put the spot. Cspan is a media company. We ask you to help us use ai. What do you say . Adelyn there are some of the opportunities for you. First of all, we look at, what are your core strategic goals . What are you trying to achieve with ai . There is no point in using a technology if you dont have a problem you are trying to solve or purpose you are trying to reach. If you were trying to reach more customers, and you want to understand how do we do that . That would be a marketing and sales question. There is a lot of opportunity in that space. , you, you would look at can use ai to better find the type of viewers that would be receptive to your programming. It could be looking at finding correlations among different audience spaces and even though this person is not a diehard political junkie, they have potential based on these other interests. That is one way to find the audience. Create any you can alexa or Facebook Chat bot, you might use it to deliver news so with a virtual assistant. What was this latest bill that was put out . Our intelligent agent can say this bill has this probability of being voted on. These are the other things you can keep in mind. That would be like a companion or host to help viewers understand what is going on in government right now. [inaudible] adelyn they can be super simple. There are products that can plug and play. Sometimes it can even be free. You have to use your time, your Technology Time cost. Or you can spend a lot of money getting an ai integrated system. Scope, just on your like any other technology. It can become a couple thousand dollars to millions. Adelyn zhou, what is your biggest concern or drawback with ai . Concern isbiggest the lack of diversity and input in creating these intelligence systems. Fundamentally, Machine Learning is based on using lots of data. They look at data and find correlations and help figure out and create outputs. If your underlying data is faulty, then you have faulty outcomes. In other words, if the algorithms you use are not robust or are skewed in certain ways, then your outcomes can be incorrect. An example would be in the judicial system, they are starting to use Artificial Intelligence to determine whether someone should have a fiveyear or 10 year sentence. The judge is looking at that do help make a criminal sentence. If the data powering the selecting of that candidate or person to repeat the crime is based on faulty information like saying a person of this ethnicity or gender or age is more likely, then the output of that would be an incorrect or faulty or biased number. A person who may be should not have been given a 10year sentence, they should have only gotten a fiveyear sentence instead. It depends on the people who are creating the algorithms and data that is being collected is not biased, so you take into account the nuances of our lives every day. I think it is interesting because it changes the prospect international. In europe, they have very different privacy rules than here. In china, everything goes. As individuals, we need to take into consideration how much private information we are putting out there. I think all of our data is being captured and collected, and these days data is considered to be currency within Machine Learning. With our privacy, we should be careful. We should guard it. We should be circumspect of Different Companies that are and seeing that they are using it in a morally justified way. Do you think the data protections that are offered today in the Regulatory Framework should be stronger . Do you have an opinion on this . Adelyn it is hard to say. I think it is really dependent on the American Public and what we want. Even if you have stronger regulations, people never read the fine print. People are willing to give up their information for convenience. Even with higher regulation, i think it is very difficult if the public doesnt care, and i want convenience in exchange for my data. I think there should be rules and regulations in place to make sure the data is protected, that it is being safeguarded them of not being hacked. Our data is becoming everything up. It is our individual identity. Csuiteu find in the where there is maybe an older generation, different attitudes to technology can you do with the Younger Generation . Adelyn i think they dont necessarily understand ai, but most people we talked to mike b selfselected bias, but they do want to figure out their business and how they can use these technologies. I think they realize that with google and amazon and these Different Companies, in order to stay afloat, they need to embody these technologies. The problem they have is they have Quarterly Financial goals they need to hit, and at the same time they are trying to invest. They constantly have this dilemma because some of these investments in ai might not happen and track to your quarterly returns until another couple of quarters, so it is hard to make this concessions. Mba,u are a harvard undergrad. Adelyn i have always been interested in technology and how Technology Impacts our lives. I have been part of technology for my entire career. This is just the next phase. What gets me up is helping people understand how these fundamental technologies can be used today. Betweening to translate the Technical Work that is happening among academics and making it accessible to every day Business Leaders so we can use this technology. Useind of technology do you regularly, and how do you safeguard your own private information . Adelyn first, i have a sticker above my camera on my computer. I highly recommend people. It is that simple and lowtech. Adelyn yes. Hackers can access your camera remotely. The light might not turn on. Mark zuckerberg and even the pope have stickers on their camera. The one facing you. Adelyn yes. That is simple on the privacy side. In terms of making our everyday lives easier, one thing people are starting to use is texting. If you love texting, it is so much easier to use speech to text. The technology to do natural language transcription has gotten so good that sometimes you can use that to text people instead. That can be something simple you usedrive to use try to ai. On the work front, we use ai to semper fi processes. Simplify processes. Do you find when you work with nontechnology companies that the understanding level is a little lower . Adelyn absolutely. I think it is a gradual progression. People are getting smarter about these technologies. If you are not interacting every day with it, how do i even start . The goal with writing this book is to help these people at this point to understand, people who are not necessarily in Technology Every day, to and how itwhat is ai can impact their lives and businesses. Applied Artificial Intelligence can be read by the general reader . Adelyn definitely. Generally for the reader, and hopefully it will have tangible frameworks and strategies that they can actually use. Adelyn zhou, take you for your time. Adelyn thank you very much. More from our visit coming up. [indistinct conversations] [electronic whirring] screeching] [indistinct conversations] now on the communicators, we want to introduce you to deepu talla, who works for a Company Called nvidia. What is nvidia . Computing. Re in ai we started as a graphics and gaming company. Gamer,are a gamer, pc you are on a platform now. Technology, gaming gpu, graphics processing unit. The difference between the gpu and cpu, which powers all amputers, is that a cpu is serial processor. The gpu is a parallel processor. Gpu you tend to have tens of thousands of processors. It is running many processes at the same time. 10 years ago we started expanding beyond traditional pc gaming. For example, almost all of the computers on the planet are using nvidia technology. We have gone into many different markets. The modern ai revolution that is happening with nvidia. What is the generic definition of Artificial Intelligence and what is your definition . Deepu the way i look at Artificial Intelligence is it is a tool just like electricity. It is a utility just like electricity. Every invention uses electricity. Artificial intelligence is going to be the same thing. It is a tool every industry is going to use. Look at the last three years or so. Almost every investment we know is being transformed by Artificial Intelligence. I think as a consumer all of us use an iphone or android phone, ok google, siri, alexa. Query, it is sent from your mobile device to the cloud, and Artificial Intelligence is running a virtual assistant. Startedsumers have using this. Since then it is being applied to virtually every industry. Homes,iving cars, smart smart cities, robotics, facial imaging. Ai can help detect images, process images faster than a radiologist can. Of is it aet an idea cancerous cell or a different problem. Andou are Vice President general manager of autonomous machines. What is an autonomous machine . Device you can think of as an autonomous machine is a robot. A robot for delivery. A drone we use for inspecting bridges in rural areas. A Security Camera that is going to be on a police car looking for suspects or amber alerts. Anything that is potentially a ai. Ine that is using used an nvidia product . Deepu you most likely have. Siri or netflix recommendations, you most likely , you wouldnt know it, but when identify anng to image, it is going to the cloud. Nvidia is working with microsoft, amazon, chinese giant data, alibaba, every cloud center is using gpu technology. Needs the gpu. Cpu,he past 40 years, the think of it like that is kind in ake every company cell phone. Happened for the past 30 years is a phenomenon called more every year the performance of the cpu used to get better. , we had anrs explosion of performance. From the early 80s to where we are now. That cannot last forever. Last five years or so it is barely 10 . Think that is not that much, but when you compounded over many years, that is going to be a factor of a thousand. The gpu came in and took the role of accelerating the application. With theways paired cpu. That is what i mean by accelerating. I think a lot of people in industry are working in the Research Phase right now. I think that will come. Right now, gpu computing is a new form of computing. Pu has been the form of computing for the last 30 years. As Vice President and general manager of nvidia, what do you spend your day doing . Deepu having fun. We have an amazing family at nvidia, a family of 11,000 engineers, probably the best in the world at what we do. I work heavily with products. I work with engineers. I have the responsibility to take those products to market. Make those products successful and work on the next one. Beenw transformational has Cloud Computing, and have transformational will be 5g . Deepu i think Cloud Computing has been amazing. You think the late 1990s, it was all about pc. In the late to thousands, we saw mobile platforms. Reason these smartphones are so successful is Cloud Computing. Without Cloud Computing, you cannot have all the apps and programs we are running. Things like mapping and virtual assistants, the cloud is able to process it. You dont have the device to be a supercomputer all the time. You have finite energy. The cloud is able to access these billions of devices and do it much better. Because of the cloud and mobile together. 4g today. 5g would being higher bandwidth, bandwidth,her lower latency. Things have to get faster and better because more data is coming. What used to be hd now is 4k. More cameras are going to be in the world. Cameras are going to be placed for all these smart city applications, traffic analysis, safety and security. Datayou have some much coming in, it is no surprise that you need to have lower latency, faster bandwidth. With so much data coming in, does it get lost . Deepu i think if you look at today, the answer is in almost all cases a lot of the data is lost. Think about security in smart city cameras. Look at airports, office spaces, you have all these cameras in museums and government buildings. What do you think is happening to all these cameras that are capturing cctv images . They go to a reporter, and after 30 days or whatever the policy is, humans go and look at that video. That means almost always it is afterthefact. You cannot do anything with it. If you are adding more cameras with Artificial Intelligence, you can augment the human being. No one wants to watch hundreds of millions of cameras 24 7. It would be the most boring thing. Artificial intelligence in the is aof deep learning revolution now. It can come in and analyze video. Is there a moment that is not supposed to be in this scene that is there . From fiveit look like 115 to 6 00, you can do also to analysis. What does it look like from 5 15 to 6 00 . You can do all sorts of analysis. You dont have to lose all the data. You can actually make sense of it. Data usingt level of Artificial Intelligence, you can use it. What is the downside to all of this technology and connectivity . Deepu there is always things in the history of mankind, any good. Echnology electricity is used for good things and bad things. The question a lot of people ask is what do we do for a job . These are fine questions. The thing about Artificial Intelligence that is different because people dont understand it there is a little more fear. Ai is comingkets into. That can reduce significantly, that is a great benefit to mankind. A selfdriving car is good. Spending one hour or two hours a day in the car driving, sometimes i just want to be more productive. Toking life is given back me. With selfdriving car is, we have utilization of people resources in the city will get better. Resources in the city will get better. What is the downside . Tohink it is up to all of us figure out as policymakers, citizens, what are the downsides, and what is the best way to handle this. I am an optimist. If we put our minds together, there are so many benefits. We spoke with Governor Rick Snyder of michigan while we were here at the show, and he was talking about a lot of Tech Companies setting up offices there. Nvidia set up an office. Deepu we did. We work with over 300 partners for our drive platform from carmakers to Parking Companies to Transportation Service companies, the ubers of the world, lyfts of the world. Mapping companies. At the scale we are growing, mapping the whole world is not that difficult. Using gps, using cameras to map the whole world. You can figure out where you are. We do have offices in the michigan, detroit area. Are you finding that the American Workforce is ready for your company to be employed by you . Deepu i think so. As i mentioned i actually believe the ai revolution has just begun. Three years ago, people talked about ai before, but the average person did not know much about ai. Why would you even worry too much about it . The fact that this has just started, ok google three years ago. The quantity in terms of bacon do better, better answers than before, that is just the beginning. It still doesnt know the context of the question you are asking. It could be answering based on your calendar or something you need to do tomorrow. Thinking aivel of can help. Stagesstill in the early of ai. As ai gets applied more and more, in almost all cases i am saying now, everything from robotics to selfdriving cars, in a most all cases, it is augmenting the human being. Is the workforce ready for a smartphone . Yes. You can become more productive. With a selfdriving car, i get more productive. Warehouses are getting so big. You dont want humans climbing those. That is a fantastic example. They can come in and augment the human being. Video, if something bad happens and you want to find out the picture. You can ask ai to help you to fasterat a magnitude rather than a human watching it. There are things humans alone cannot do. Ago, or four or five years how many packages would you get to your home . One a week . That is what i used to get. Now when i come home, there are a half dozen packages lying there. My wife loves to get packages. All these food deliveries, packages, you dont want people to do all those things. , even with airm in the early stages, almost all cases, it is augmenting the human being, making the human being more productive. It remains to be seen, if it becomes more productive, will it in some instances 100 years ago it was the agricultural revolution. Term n the near we have seen some tech executives have limited their childrens time. Bill gates. Do you do that . I wish i can, but they dont listen to me. It is amazing that three euro kids are playing with three year old kids are playing with phones. Sense thatem in the they will get one hour or two hours a day. In general, there is some concern not just with kids, but us, how much time are we spending on smartphones . To listen to ary next and. You finding that kids when they are given this at an early age are easy adapters . For sure. It is amazing. I will give you a classic example. Whatal intelligence is it . This last summer in my lap, we interns in myhool lab. Most of them are in the bay a rea. They came in and are building robots, and they were using, programming ai. Five years ago, i do not think undergrad kids, High School Kids would be programming ai. Things like first robotics, High School Students building robots as a hobby. 5000nk there is over worldwide. Different high schools. They are building robots as a hobby. Two,n the last year or they are jumping on board and using ai to do cool things. I think younger kids are able to take this technology and understand this technology. How do you view the Regulatory Environment in california and washington . Deepu that is a good question. It really depends on the industry. In suburban cars, in the case of california, we have some driving cars. Selfdriving cars. Right regulations, it is hard to take technology very far. Supercomputing, in the case of using ai, we work with supercomputers accelerated by nvidia technology. What is your background . Deepu i have a phd in computer engineering. Since then i have always been working in technology. I like technology. I worked as a startup engineer designing processors for cameras and smartphones. 10 years ago i worked on the smartphone revolution. I moved into the business side of things. I am still close to technology. Basically what i do now is work on the latest greatest technology. We have a fantastic time at nvidia. Where were you raised . Deepu i was born in india. I spent half of my life in india. I moved here when i was 36. Do you think your 2001 phd from the university of texas is relevant today . Deepu absolutely. It is relevant because what i worked on was computer engineering. The processes i worked on that are being transformed to the next stage. Three years,dnt, four years, five years, we are all going to be living to 100 years or 200 years. We have a long way. The way i look at phd in technology, it is training. Just because it is training in a certain area, it doesnt mean you have to work in that area forever. Phd, undergrad degree, the matter what, it is training. That is how i molded my career. It did not matter what i did or what i do, i can always adapt to a new industry as long as you are learning continuously. A couple of years ago, we talked about 3d printers here. We have talked about drones in the past at the show. S year kind of ai, the are vr. In three or four years, what will we be talking about . Deepu my predictions are always guaranteed to be wrong. Revolution, ai is not an application. It is a thing that is going to be impacting every industry. Aim almost 100 certain that influencing industry, transforming industry is a nobrainer. To what extent is going to be dependent on each industry. It is technology dependent. Easier toologies are roll out. The regulatory policy, too. Just because you can do something doesnt mean you should do it. I think the selfdriving car thing is going to be a great thing because it is going to impact humanity so much in the terms of the number of accidents and efficiency. It is going to be a fantastic thing. ,n the case of robotics ,arehouse delivery, drones bridge inspection, for humans it is so expensive to go. Robots in agriculture are going to be huge. We had 3 billion people coming on board in the next 40 years. We need to feed them. There are not going to be enough farmers that come on board. I think ai infusion is going to nobrainer. Deepu talla of nvidia, thank you for your time. Deepu thank you. [indistinct conversations] joining us on the communicators is andrew shuman, Vice President for products for the microsoft corporation. Mr. Shuman, what are some of those products we can look forward to from microsoft . Andrew thank you. I actually work on the court, seen. Im excited to think about how this natural assistant can come about and change peoples lives. It is a dramatic reinvention of how people use computers through these ai powered experiences. Court, is ai . Andrew i would say. She is ai. Issue learning as she goes . Andrew if you step back and s, it is howhow ai i software can be easier and easier to use. That is where software learns about natural language, human speech, gestures, the world around us. In that way it can be much easier to use and meets the user where they are. They dont have to learn about the software. The software learns about them. Way somethinge can communicate naturally. Bingway we have worked with and having an index of the world. Boston is a place and a band. That is an important distinction for some people. To alexad she compared or series or siri or hey google . It is very early. These devices are simple to use and awesome. When i am in the kitchen, it is awesome to set the timer that way or get the music playing that way. Ist is needed about cortana how we connect with you. If you are using it in the office and at home, you can schedule your day, ask what time do i have to be at work, how long is the commute, and maybe i need to dial into a meeting, that can be done naturally. Learns more about you and your busy day and the things you are working hard on. That is really powerful. Donemall feature we have is we allow you to do reminders. They can be very contextual. I might be at home and remember, when i get to the office, i need to update this document. Remind me when i get to work to update this specification. When i am at work with the power of gps and context and flow, it helps me connect that. Being this ubiquitous assistant that always has your back. Even though microsoft is about 30 years old, we think of about as of it as an old company anymore. How do you think of microsoft . What is microsofts vision . Andrew microsoft has certainly been around for a while, but it has continually transformed itself. I worked for a while in the office group, and now i am working in the National Language group along with cortana. These changes impact how everybody gets work done and what is going on around them. I think that constant reinvention is fantastic. I think it has really brought a change in the culture and how we can grow into emerging areas such as ai. That gets me up in the morning and gets people excited. Cortana has a lot of young people on the team. I think it is a great mix. What is going to be the impact of 5g on microsoft products . Andrew great question. 5g is a venture thing because it means we can have all of these devices connected without any setup or work. The idea that all my devices can be connected to the internet and available for us to do interesting Cloud Services on them is fascinating. On the industrial side, it is this stream of data that helps enterprises know more about what is going on in their system. At the home level, it is being able to manage your busy day. Where are my kids . What time are they getting home tonight . These things are enabled by sensors that are always connected and updating. Deviceslk about these as in, i will just remind cort ana, but what is the technology that goes into this . Andrew say that again. We talk about these devices casually and expect them to respond to us, but how Much Technology is put into this . An enormous amount of work. Getting natural language processing has been a long journey. Microsoft invested in this in the early 1990s with microsoft research. One of the aspects we leverage a lot is the fact that we built the bing search engine, which crawls the internet, and that gives us a great understanding of naturally which. Processinguage has taken aliens of dollars to the core ofhat is our technology, being able to understand human language and use that in a natural way. Data being of the collected by microsoft, what happens to it . Has a lot ofsoft very important enterprise customers. Eraere built in an where we have to treat all that data as our customers data. It starts with having good systems in which people can control and manage their data. If you are enterprise, or consumer, we are one of the most trusted cloud riders because of that. We make sure we have data centers in different countries. We have a lot of places where the data cannot even be looked at microsoft employees. It can only be looked at by the people that work on the data. We work hard on keeping that data incredibly important with all the rights and protections people expect. How long have you been with microsoft . Andrew 25 years. How did you get to microsoft . Andrew i enjoyed programming as a kid. I have an apple ii. I got hired to work on a microsoft project called ren and stimpy. That turned out to be the outlook project. I wrote the calendar in outlook. 10 years later, i am working on Artificial Intelligence. Andrew shuman is Vice President for products for the microsoft corporation. He has been our guest on the communicators. [indistinct conversations] this has been the communicators on cspan from las vegas and the Consumer Electronics show. Any of our coverage from ces, you can watch at cspan. Org. Cspan, where history unfolds daily. Created as aan was Public Service by americas Cable Television companies and is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. Vice president pence was in south korea this week for the winter olympics. In a show of unity, the Vice President shared this photo of him and the south korean president on twitter with the message, honored to watch town to athletes faceoff sidebyside with my friend, president moon. He and i both reaffirmed our commitment to the denuclearization of the korean peninsula. South korea it stands shoulder to shoulder with the u. S. And our allies. That comes after the resident of south korea met with the sister of north Korean Leader kim jongil and on the sidelines of the olympic ceremony. Next, we will take a look at diplomatic efforts between north and south korea while the Olympic Games take place. Thisington journal, from is 30 minutes. Joining us now is nicholas crowder, the executive director of the Washington InternationalDiplomatic Academy and author of americas other army, the u. S. Foreign service and 21st century democracy. He is here to talk about the potential of nomadic outcomes from the u. S. Olympics being held now in south korea. Thank you for joining us today