Immigration reform. We will talk this morning about a few things, including looking at the cost of illegal immigration on u. S. Taxpayers. Guest good morning. Host remind folks about what the federation for American Immigration reform is and does. Guest we are nearly 40 years old. Organizationsensus of citizens around the country, and we want to evaluate the impacts of immigration and ways to improve Law Enforcement and find measures to help control our borders. Over the years we have become the premier organization on this side of the issue that works in advocating secure borders, Law Enforcement, attacking america, try to make sure immigration is a portable, manageable, response to the American Peoples needs and interests, and is not overcrowded country. We could easily overcrowded country with a billion people by the end of the century unless we levels down toon our historic averages. It is not against immigration, and it is about making sure immigration serves our interests. Host your group put out a report this week on the costs of illegal immigration. What are the takeaways . Guest over the years our cost of these have been the most cited once. Historically it has been a challenge because state and local governments have not kept the data. In the last five years there has been an emergence of good data. We scrubbed everything we can find to update the study we have done from about 10 years ago. There is a good study from pew, the census bureau, and the picture is what you might expect, which is in a high value added postindustrial society, public education, medical care, what have you, Illegal Immigrants tend to be lower skilled than the average population and the higher skilled legal immigrants, so the costs are dramatic. When you look at the data, you see why the pressure from certain financial interests is so strong to perpetuate the flow of Illegal Immigrants because it is the taxpayers who are supporting this cost. We estimate 135 billion nationally in direct costs to taxpayers, but it is offset by an estimate of what we feel is quite high of 20 billion of taxes paid by immigrants working here, but a lot of those working illegally also get paid under the table and dont pay any direct withholding tax at all. You also get negative tax liabilities, but the real crushing burden is at the state and local level. Public education is a major factor, both those here illegally and when they bring miners and u. S. Born citizen children, which are still a significant cost to u. S. Taxpayers. The study shows illegal immigration is about privatizing the profits of reduced wages of those who are here illegally izing theng common costs of keeping them here labor exploitation, and everyone else is doing with the consequences. Host are there certain states in which the costs to taxpayers might be higher . Guest california, new york, florida, illinois, major receiving states will be high. You are developing a twotiered society because the middle class, which was legally made up of unionized Service Labor in the 1980s has been displaced by those here illegally. You see a lot of migration of americans into the interior and south, and so the present of the unionized labor force is far lower than it was when i was young in the 1970s and 1980s. When there is a separation between the people forgetting again from labor exploitation and the communities paying the costs, you powerful interests that dont want to look at the realities of this, medical care, direct service from the government, and Law Enforcement because criminal alien removal is expensive, and you have to deal with things like the adjudication of deportation. We have included in our study people that president obama would consider administrative status, but are here illegally as socalled daca beneficiaries, which other agencies have not included. Our costs are higher because under president obama, all his talk about amnesty and the daca program generated a large influx of alien minors, and that has been enormously costly. Host what do you think should happen to the daca recipients, some people call them dreamers . Congress has six months to modify those changes into laws, President Trump having rescinded the program. Guest this is a specific subset of the issue. I will go there, but part of the problem we have is looking at good Public Policy moving forward. Whenever we talk about amnesty, which is any program that rewards people who jumped the line. Artest is did someone get an advantage by virtue of having broken the law . People brought here as minors or who entered as minors are technically covered under the daca program present obama sign. We dont want to go under the road of 1980 six, and make the same mistake. You have to deal with the problem of chain migrations. Those one Million People will get a green card will generate another 3 million petitions for relatives. That increases a costly flow. Trump ran on a bunch of positions, though the wall, security enforcement, protect American Workers, reduce the overall size of the flow. There is a bill in the senate that would actually eliminate chain migration. If you give the daca beneficiary a green card, love to have you, you can petition a spouse or unmarried minor child, but you will not bring in all that other stuff. Our view is that if democrats truly want to find a solution to the daca groups, and there is a difference between the daca program and the socalled dream act, we will say to senator durbin, democrats need to deal, but the reality is American People want assurances that our borders are controlled, and we will not see recurrences of the same problems. Get all that stuff done. Lets see a great wall on the border, and maybe we can talk about something for the accor folks. You cannot put the cart before the horse. That is bad Public Policy. As soon as check the nancy started talking about the daca program, but right out of the durbin says we are not going to give President Trump anything he wants. That is a political football. It is a way to create a wedge between republicans and hispanic voters and create persistent loyalty, the same way they see from the africanamerican voter. It is not good Public Policy. It is not in the american interest. Host the line for democrats is 202 7488000. Republicans call 202 7488001. Independents 202 7488002. We are adding a for Illegal Immigrants or undocumented immigrants, call 202 7488003. From hear from ann california. Good morning. Caller thank you for talking. Just comments on not liking immigrants is common sense, but they have been saying for 10 years we have 11 million Illegal Immigrants, and now it has to be many times that. Do you have any idea what the run number might be . Automation, no one is going to get a raise. There is been to be so much access labor. Peopletry can survive pouring in. Thank you so much. Guest those are all excellent points. The estimate we are using now for this report is 12. 5 million aliens here illegally, which is an increase over the 11 million estimate. That is because of the obama administrations policies that have attracted so many more here. On the question of labor fairness, it is important to recognize that the American Labor movement would not have gone off the ground had United States not restricted immigration in the 1920s. Bargaining leverage for American Workers does not happen, and you have unlimited market flow, particularly when you have subordinated work flows from those here illegally. One of the reasons labor finds stagnant wages is because we didnt just realize, the new service jobs being created, and uncontrolled duration. It is very unfair. Part of the issue brought President Trump into the white house, unfair to continue to expect American Workers through these illegal immigration programs or the flow across our 85 er, when you think about of those here illegally 35 of those here illegally getting paid under the table, it is not a fair playing field. Our talented millennials think they are looking for a job on a level playing field, what they b1ng the one he says visas, and they are manipulating that program to work at substandard wages and all kinds of things never contemplated. This has a leveling effect on the wage rate and wage growth we see in this country, which combined with confusing challenges of productivity increases, automation, and Global Access labor have graded downward pressure on the american working families. Host charles going from virginia. Charles is a republican. Good morning. Caller this issue is very close to me. My first wife was chinese. Married a russian. I have been through the whole citizen process twice. My first wife, and the time she made application to the time she swore the of cost oath cost nothing. My second wife from the time she may petition for citizenship to oathimesheet swore the cost about 1000 between all the associated documentation. One thing i dont hear on either side of the debate guest how is the second wife working out . Host she is superb. She went from a red two red white and blue. You dont hear caller she is superb. She went from red to red, white , and blue. You dont hear from employers. If it was illegal to illegally hire a person, if employers looked at hard time in federal prison, would not be jobs dry up . Please address that. Guest if there is one thing surprising on this issue for those of us working on this issue is the absence of an interior worker verification system. The everify program is beneficial, it needs to be mandatory. What fair has been doing in the last several years has been getting states to pass mandatory everify laws. Why isnt it national . U. S. Chamber of commerce. We successfully litigated in the Supreme Court that states and localities could have their own everify laws. That produced a Supreme Court case that asserted yes everify laws are constitutional. That had the anticipatory effective having the chamber of commerce saying we dont want 50 state patchwork on everify, lets have a national standard. If we are going to get it, we want a national one. There are bills in congress to bring that about. I urge you to contact congress, lamar smith. Ofbelieve everify is part any package of legislation the president would want to see past in the next two years. We need to see everify working before we would ever talk about amnesty for the daca beneficiaries. That would be a big mistake without everify. Russellts hear from calling in from south carolina. Russell is a democrat. Good morning. Caller good morning. The second time this morning i have heard someone reference black people and why black people are democrats. , blackamerica to know people are democrats because when the Voting Rights act was signed, all those dixiecrat some all those klansmen in the Democratic Party moved to the republican party. You can follow Strom Thurmond from south carolina, and you can see it is still there, and the president represents those dixiecrat. A minute ago about hispanic people following black people, it is not the same scenario. Black people are the most patriotic people in this country. We have fought for a country that never fought for us. We put our lives on the line for this country, and we came home and were shot because we had ribbons for more. It is not the same. I wish republicans would stop using it as a wedge issue in america. Thank you. Host lets go to randy from maine, independent. Good morning. Caller i have to disagree. Throwing immigration jobs out. It was nafta. Textiles are gone now. You can work at mcdonalds now no problem. I am not seeing people color working at these places either. I think our administration has a problem against brown people, and i am white. Canadians are coming across the border, you know. Im pretty sure we need a wall up there. That is my comment. Thank you very much. Host guest im not sure i understood the tenor of your question. The country owes a debt of gratitude to the Africanamerican Community over two centuries. To all americans, there should all of ourl place in hearts for the incredible richness, vitale, achievements, cultural achievements, intellectual achievements, everything that makes the Africanamerican Community and integral part of the american fabric. The notion that one Political Party or another has a greater affinity for those contributions is a sad thing on the state of Political Affairs and an unnecessary politicization. The question of equity and fairness is important to understand. If the civil war was about the defense of slavery as many people want to content, and that is what people want to drag down these statues, people need to recognize the reality that a lot of people died and fought for the defense of slavery. Why did they fight for the defense of slavery . Their entire Economic System relied on subordinated labor exploitation. They believed that was essential to their economic model. By the same token, the remaining industries in this country today that persist in the belief that a flow of illegal immigrant labor is a vital component of their labor business model, and a bill that lower labor costs into their business model, and they fight to prevent the needed reforms to ensure that americans have a fair labor market and employers find workers who are incentivize to find fair hours and working conditions. It is about fundamental fairness. This, all those remember from the early 1990s. They said he could take our products or people. They guaranteed nafta was going to stop the flow of Illegal Immigrants because there was going to be this robust growth mexico, but that later went to malaysia and china, in exchange for Border Controls. It did not happen. Nafta seemed to increase the illegal immigration. Illegal immigration is not the only reason we find americans marginalized in labor. There are other reasons, automation, low skilled labor, the information based economy, the way labor is employed, but for the American People to support capitalism and the notion of the accumulation of capital to the benefit of the American People, there has to be an understanding that capitalism is about supporting the American People and ensuring Young Americans have some kind of economic prospects. We have our own dreamers. They should not be competing but people in subordinated labor positions to take those jobs. Host what is your view of the trump administrations new travel restrictions . Here is a headline from forbes magazine, still a muslim ban. I imagine you take a different view. Guest president obama repeatedly stated that any indication we were attempting to keep people out solely because they were muslims would feed into isis. Explain to me why these groups that are opposing what the president is doing keep calling it a muslim ban . It is not. It is sensible. It is not only airtight, i am glad, simply an effort ironclad, simply an effort to apply universally to every country on the planet, if you do not provide adequate verification documents and information sharing we need to protect the American People, you will suffer a ban on certain nonimmigrant visitors coming. Two of those countries in the new ban are obviously not like chat,slim, venezuela, and north korea. There is simply no way, i dont care what fortune says or the 3. 0 version is going to withstand judicial scrutiny. The Supreme Court already said to survive. This is for purely political and ideological purposes to impeach the president , not officially, but to impeach the power to secure our borders that congress has given to the president based on the National Interest or national security. This is a vital part of the president s power. Oninterfere with that something that involves International Relations would be similar to hamstringing the andident in his war powers sovereignty. We know that the latest version of this ban will certainly withstand judicial scrutiny, and we support the president s intentions and what he is doing. Host we have john falling from florida, on the line for republicans. Are theyes, my comments United States has lost. Why has laws. Why are everybody ignoring the fact that we have laws . It seems ron that these people sneak into the desk rocket that rotten that these people sneak into the country and do not comply with the laws . Why are they allowed to break the law and still be treated like they are poor people, and they need this and that and the other thing . If they are so dissatisfied with what their own country is doing, why dont they go there and protest instead of protesting in my country . I dont like these people coming in here and pulling me into revising the laws that we have . Guest that is a point. Respect the law is the cornerstone of is an excellent point. Respect the law is the cornerstone of american democracy. Why should some people jump the line . Why should they have an advantage for breaking the law . What is american about saying if you cheat the system you get ahead . More importantly, the politics of the immigration system had changed so dramatically. The reason i described earlier, the labor unions are often seen as an important part in the Democratic Party for immigration security. That went out the door after nafta and these other trade immigration agreements and the American Labor union collapsed. Today we have george which has been taken over by george soros and they have politicize the Democratic Party into thinking the future of the party resides in the emerging demographic change brought about by immigration. No longer do you have both parties with a center that supports law and order in Border Control. It has become polarized. The republican partys have a strong component. In favor of Border Control and interior enforcement and trump advise that enforcement. This viewats have that if you break the law it doesnt matter unless you are a terrorist or an ax murderer or violent felon. You should never be deported. Their face inng defiance at the socalled sanctuary cities and saying it does not matter what the taxpayers cost, what it is doing to our communities, public education, how you overload the infrastructure. Anyone looking at chicago can see it should not be a model for future american urban areas. The Democratic Party has decided that harvesting the votes of immigrants is more important regardless of the law in favor of their teacher political advantage, they are trying to rely on this demographic change for their political viability and this has corrupted the american debate in ways we have never seen before in american history. To our last call host this is from massachusetts on the line for independents. Caller thank you for taking my call. I am an immigrant. I have been here for 10 years. Siblings. Lied for my it takes forever for them to get in here. Legally. That is my question, why does it take so long . Question, practical you came here from albania and we are all glad you are here and as an immigrant you will be contributing to our country. The reality is the math. Under a limited immigration comes if everyone person as an immigrant, it is an unqualified right to bring adult married sisters, sons, and daughters. There is a multiplier effect. Very soon the categories get over some subscribed and waiting lists are created. The question becomes, should we have a system that allows people to bring extended family in the way you described or would it be more common sense, because people today unlike in the 19th century, people today can fly back home to visit relatives when they want to, is it practical to allow people to bring in a lot of siblings, brothers and sisters . What we need to do is simply say, if youre going to come, we would love to have you and you qualify under a merit system or something, you can bring your spouse or on marri unmarried children. It is simply impractical to continue chain migration. It would eliminate chain migration and categories. Think about it, we will wind up with a billion people in the United States if every immigrant produces another five or six relative petitions. Do the math. People have children after they get here. Ultimately immigration provides the major source of u. S. Population growth and people feel like it is getting crowded and the people who were here before feel like they are losing control of their destiny. The process, we realize the chain migration system put in place in 1965 over promises and has under delivered and we need to move to a different system. Host dan stein as president of the American Federation immigration reform. Thank you for your time this morning. Coming up next, kathryn miles will be here, a contributor to the boston globe. She wrote a piece looking at a Nuclear Plant in massachusetts and the safety concerns surrounding now and after it closes its doors. Stay with us. This is what churchill faced when he came to power in those awful days in may, 1940. Practically from his first day he begged Franklin Roosevelt for help to stave off hitler. The president was aware of the isolationist mood of the country and even though he wanted to help save britain he was very cautious. He did not want to get involved in a war he could help it. Most people in washington including them were pretty much convinced that britain would be easily defeated. How can it possibly survive when no other european country had . Former u. S. Secretary of state madeleine albright, called foremost chronicler of world war ii politics and diplomacy. Sunday, indepth, lynn olson, she writes about occupied europe. During our live threehour conversation we will take your calls, tweets, and facebook questions. Olsonindepth with lynne on cspan2. Cspan, where history unfolds daily. In 1979 cspan was created as a Public Service by americas Cable Television companies. It is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. Tuesday, live in trust in, West Virginia for the next up on the cspan bus 50 capitals tour. Governor jim justice and Mitch Carmichael will be our guests on the bus during washington journal starting at 8 15 a. M. Eastern to join us tuesday for the entire washington journal starting at 7 a. M. Eastern on cspan. Washington journal continues. Host welcome back. Boston globe magazine contributor kathryn miles is with us to discuss her recent article on the safety concerns surrounding a closing Nuclear Plant in massachusetts. It is taken from her book titled on the road to americas next devastating earthquake. Thank you for being with us. Guest good morning. Host what made you focus on this . I was looking at infrastructure for my previous book, superstorm, we were considering the degree to which the nation is prepared not just for natural disasters but for changing climate. Of disasters,ace