We want to welcome the former acting u. S. Ambassador to china, armor carissa will servant at the state department and special advisor to afghanistan and pakistan. A lot to talk about, lets begin with north korea. How concerned are you about the situation today . Ive been concerned a long time, i worked on north korean issues about 20 years ago. Its a tough place, there are no easy answers, it seems to be getting tougher every day. This is the headline from the bbc calling it a war of words between the president and north Korean Leaders. On saturday, the pentagon announced that the show of force underscored the seriousness with ,hich the reckless behavior calling the countrys weapons programs a great threat. This is a demonstration of u. S. Resolve and a clear message that the president has made many military options to defeat it at any threat. We are prepared to use the full range of any military capabilities to protect the u. S. Allies. What are the possibilities . Of war is out there, you need a military expert to talk about the military options on the table. Everything ive heard is that they are ugly. It is a longtime to get things militarye, and using raises the possibility of hundreds of thousands of koreans and americans and others dead on the peninsula. It would be catastrophic. Us,strophic for koreans and for our Alliance Relationships in the part of the world. We have heard that the president has asked to put pressure on the Chinese Government to get involved. Certainly china has supported the uns sanctions which regarding to north korea, some say they couldve gone for further. China tried to hold back on some of the sanctions. Walk us through the role china played, why is it so critical and does china have our back on this issue . This administration has put pressure on china and the issue of sanctions and raising the economic pressure. Negotiations,n of i think this administration recognizes the limited influence that china has on the dprk anymore. Raising thes been economic pressure on north korea rather than our negotiation. Is north korea listening . It doesnt seem to be i think the bbc headline the war of words continues to escalate. I havent been a north korea specialist, but thats the first time i recall seeing north Korean Leader personally make a Statement Like that like you saw yesterday. Is difficults it for the system to back down. Once you have the Supreme Leader putting forward such a hard line, have you back off on that . How do you back off from a negotiated solution . Historically, what has china provided north korea . China has been north koreas largest trading partner, even before sanctions cut off trade with the rest of the world. Just by proximity. China has been the dprks biggest trading partner. Historically, china was also north koreas closest political ally. Over, the is clearly influence beijing has on north really extraordinarily limited now. Wended your work begin at the state department . Started in 1990. I stepped down you step down russian mark . I stepped down. The agreement on Climate Change called for the u. S. To do what . Is it a set of guidelines or rules . Voluntary,et of every country thats been signed up to paris made voluntary decisions to reduce its carbon emissions. It means for the u. S. What . Us withdrawal makes except for one country which we are bombing, it makes us only one of other countries in the world that isnt part of an agreement on an issue that every other nation on this planet views as the issue of the coming century. You have friends still in the state department . Many. What is more out like in the state department. We have had reports that theres a real delay in trying to step up key positions under rex tillerson. There are a number of issues within the more our problems. I would say that the people ive worked with our dedicated, hardworking, smart. They want to feel like they are on the exit side of the ledger, not the liability side. Ranks, west is david will get your phone calls. First up indianapolis. I have a comment. Korea, hes north want to go down as the adolf hitler or stalin, or napoleon, because he doesnt care about 30 Million People for no reason at all. We have 7000 Nuclear Weapons, they have to. Why do we have the right to tell them what to do to defend themselves . Why dont we get rid of our bombs and see what the public would say then. Had he left them to get rid of their selfdefense . Talk to the people. All you have to do is go to talk to them. I am in indiana native myself, its good to have a first color come from my home state. You raised a ton of questions in your comments. I would say from your comments on the implications for American Leadership of a unilateral Nuclear Action im not a military strategist, but that seems to be the only plausible out north korean capability in a timely fashion. We would become a pariah nation. We are already largely by ourselves because of our decision on paris. To use Nuclear Weapons preemptively and unilaterally would for generations put us outside of the pale of ordinary international relations. The president followed his speech yesterday by the north korean or in minister that if he echoes the thoughts of little rocket man, they wont be around much longer. Tweetstoric from these like the president , and the response from the North Koreans is what . Tough, it is tough to get by. Accept that the catastrophic consequences of military action, either the conventional words or Nuclear Conflict of north korea, your goal has to be to get this to a diplomatic negotiated solution. Directly theg leaders of both countries, i think you have months to the process of getting to the table. If we were to get to the table, what would the steps the be, what would it look like . How do we get the North Koreans to sit at the table and talk to the u. S. , the chinese, and others . There are a number of example s, including negotiating with the North Koreans. I think what they are looking for is at a starting point is the confidence that they will be taken seriously, their concerns will be taken seriously, and they are reaching agreement the United States and other parties will follow through on whats been committed to. Our guest is david wright, next is missouri city, texas. Oftograph of kim jongun north korea, good morning. Thank you for your service to our country. Recently you saw out of pyongyang they are threatened by the unilateral exercises of the United States forces and the south korean forces. I wanted you to comment on the role that that plays in ratcheting up the exercises in north korea, as well. Obviously they are still threatened by this, what do you see the u. S. Doing moving forward in terms of these unilateral exercises . We have a long time relationship with the republic of south korea. Part of that is the need to exercise our militaries together. Thats probably not something negotiable to some at this not sure point i think the North Koreans understand that we are able to deliver Nuclear Weapons we are able to use our Strategic Air for air force to attack them. Buzzing north korean airspace, im not sure how that fits into an effort to deescalate. How escalation fits into our national interest. Is afghanistan going to be our next korea . I say that with regard to the troops we have along the dmz, can you envision u. S. Troops in afghanistan for the next 50 years . If you want longterm stability, we will have to have a longterm commitment to afghanistan. Is, we are fairly popular among ordinary afghans who are part of the system. Theres an element of afghan andety that feels excluded, obviously they had links to transnational terrorism. At the stateu look political system, economy, social system, its going to take a longterm International Commitment to stability. After thek at japan second world war, korea after the korean war, there are parallels to that. All of those countries are really forwards of the democratic system, and have allies in the United States. I think it longterm commitment by the United States, also but the International Community is going to be essential to longterm stability in the part of the world. I asked this question to get he served as our envoy to china during the obama administration, what is his biggest challenge, what can he take from his years in china and apply them to russia . Hes got a lot of challenges. U. S. Russian relationship, im no expert, but you have to pick up a newspaper to see that its going to be a matter of intense locus. I would think is First Channel is going to be to stop the therioration of relationship thats undermining our ability to engage russia. That titfortat reality retaliation that has led to serious downsizing of both of our diplomatic nations and threatens to further undermine it. Assuming you can get its fee under there, its how we deal with russia that russian system that you cant exclude russia from europe from considerations of u. S. Policy. You also cant overlook the fact that russia very actively has tried to interfere with the american political system, the political systems of our European Partners and allies, and has really fundamentally different views and interests in the world. If you could any sentence or phrase, our relationship with china are what . Our relations, the relations of the two great powers of the world at this point. The United States is clearly supreme in military power in the world, we are the dominant political force, although we damaged ourselves by withdrawing from the paris agreement. We are a big economic rival, i think that her interests are sufficiently different, but we will we will continue to be rivals in a lot of areas. I think there are areas to cooperate. How do the chinese leaders view President Trump . I think they are still uncertain, theyve gotten a little bit of measure of him, but i think they are probably looking forward to the next meeting. Maralago was early incomes tenure in trumps tenure, but i think they wait for the next meeting, which i understand is coming up later next year to expand that understanding. We will go to fill phil, our guest is david reich served as u. S. Ambassador from last year until early this year. My call is really about the Climate Change agreement, however, we have an offering the character to north korea for the carrot to north korea for a long time, but weve gotten our hands bitten. With regard to your leaving the administration because of the change in the policy of the climate agreement, im of the firm belief that we live in one of the cleanest, most socially conscious, and environmentally conscious countries in the world. We entered an agreement with several countries like india and china, is a couple of examples, who spew carbon into the atmosphere. Of should we bear the brunt the Economic Impact from this Climate Change agreement, while they are allowed to continue going on shooting carbon into the atmosphere. Im not sure how impactful skeptics, anyway, im a them up but it seems to me like were the ones who pay the penalty and they get to continue on doing things that are the most dangerous according to all of the experts, theyre doing the things that are the most dangerous to the environment. Thank you. The United States is either the second or Third Largest creator of carbon, i dont know if india has passed us yet. We are also one of the major contributors to greenhous gases. As one of the major contributors and leaders of the Global Community, we have a responsibility and obligation, not the International Community, but to ourselves and our kids to take action. On the question of Economic Impact, sure there are parts of the American Economy there will undoubtedly be affected by the carbonating our system. On the other hand, the part of our economy that will benefit enormously are taking steps from taking steps to move from it to an economy that relies on new sources of energy. Theres no question of that theres no question that the Environmental Impact of things like Renewable Energy are far lower. At this point, the economics of those Energy Sources are pretty competitive with traditional hydrocarbons. Theres also no question that the future is going to be increasingly important, not just as a source of energy, but competitor. From a policy and economic perspective, it makes sense to invest in those. You look at solar in the u. S. , solar employees twice as many people as the cold industry does. The coal industry does. Of allaha perspective takes and international leaders, just a sound economic policy. Every sunday morning this program is carried live on sirius xm, the potus channel 124. We welcome our listeners there. And also our listeners on cspan radio bee. Our guest is david rank, he is a former u. S. Ambassador to china. Includedngs also afghanistan, pakistan, and the korea desk. You are fluent in how many religious . You are fluent in how many languages . English, greek, in learning chinese, what was the biggest challenge . Its hard. It takes a lot of effort, i started late, i started in my 20s. 20, i time youre regretted that my mom didnt make me study earlier. To san diego. I would like to say mr. Rank, you are pretty amazing, and i appreciate your input on this. First of all, regards to Climate Change, despite the president s i donthat it exists, believe that. Civilians and general believe its happening, and we are trying to do something about it. That the thing is Lincoln Memorial there was a march for stability for civility. Lacking in civility and general communications with each other. We need to up that game. Believe if he could be open to own, other than his perhaps more doors would open for him. People would be more accepting what was coming out of his mouth. With the Climate Change thing, it promotes business, it andotes peoples ingenuity coming up with new ideas about how to create Energy Without damaging our planet. Things i spent a lot of my. Life looking back at the United States i spent a lot of my a dont life looking back at the United States. Its a real honor to be able to do that. I feel a sense of profound gratitude for having the opportunity i was given and the trust that was put in me to represent you and everyone else, every other citizen of the United States. My country, the country are love and represented andised 30 years, was protected for almost 30 years, was how difficult it is to have a conversation in our country anymore. Dialogue turns into invective, its worrying. I welcome the comments you made about the need to return to civility. Urge it has to start with us. It has to start with us making a commitment to be civil in the conversations we have and to be listen to listen respectfully even when we disagree. You. Who would have thought the discussion on language would create such a twitter storm. Ghosteagledean the hardest challenge of learning chinese is the three tones. Chinese is a very culture language. This from wild and wonderful, there are so many dialects within china. There are a lot of dialects. I would agree i would say to the one said the toughest part of the chinese that there are three tones, there are five of them. That may have been your problem. Lets go to columbia, maryland. I would like to thank mr. Rank for taking a stand regarding Climate Change. Say i would also like to that as far as President Trumps view on Climate Change, the flag, and other things, i feel he is not capable of thinking regarding all of these matters. We just have to realize that hes just not smart enough to give thought to these things, and hes all about himself. Getting back to my previous point, i dont want to get into a discussion of the president just because i dont know the president. What i can say is that there is a civil law Silver Lining to our withdrawal from the paris agreement. If you look closely at the issues confronting us with the change in climate, you know that paris was a down payment, it wasnt enough. Whenncern in signing get the rest of the Global Community wased to paris, my worry that we would be complacent. We would just say the government has it, the International Community has it, we dont have to do anything anymore. Now, its clear that that is not the case. The federal government, by pulling out of paris, we know that we dont have it. We are going to have to continue to act, that means at the state level with california and a number of other states, the individual level, the corporate level, the organization level, its going to take action by all of us. I say this as someone who is keenly aware that on jun e june 1, the day before a step down, i freely admitted im not a climate guy, im not a scientist. My realization over the last three months is that im not going to be able to say that, because i sort of put myself in the position, and we are all going to have to be climate people. What is the one issue that you think concerns you the most between what is the one issue that you think concerns you the most beyond china and north korea . Lurking in the background of everything thats come up is is there a real trade there are real trade issues between us and china. If you look at the last election, it isnt clear whether hillary won, or bernie one, the Global Trading system is straining to accommodate what is now the Worlds Largest trading nation that doesnt always play ,y the rules that are set down and the rules that were set down didnt anticipate that china would be so large and dominant so quickly. 25 years in the foreign service, whats next . I dont know. I got back to this country in june, i had a renter living in i house, but also because wanted to take some time away and figure out what i was going to do next. I headed around this country, partly because ive been oversees most of my career and didnt have a chance to see all of it. Im enjoying the time to think and talk to people about possibilities in the future. I havent made a decision. China,er ambassadors to thank you very much, we appreciate it. Cspans washington journal, like every day with news and policy issues that impact you. Coming up monday morning, we will look at the week ahead in washington with Washington Post congressional reporter and political White House Reporter any carney. Funding the Childrens HealthInsurance Program with paul howard of the manhattan institute. Be sure to watch cspans washington journal, joined the discussion join the discussion. Exit polls suggest the change for Angela Merkels has finished first in germanys election. Support for her conservative Party Candidates was 33 in todays vote. Social democrats finished in second place, with about 20 support. The polls also suggested that the antimigrant nationalist alternative for Germany Party will enter the national parlor for the first time with 15 . The new test for the transfer is to work with members of the opposition parties to form a coalition government. That was early on when i believe trump was had Just Announced that they will and they were worried that he was going to be bad for them in terms of women voters. I thought you are worried now . Considering how far back the have had an antiwoman platform with reproductive rights, equal pay. Tonight on q a, Washington Post blitzer price winner and cartoonist. This is Vice President pence, i dont remember who did the interview, but he said Something Like he never goes to any washington dinners without his wife. Then i thought ok, this was a gift, i just thought really so you dont have any problem voting about a womans personal reproductive choices, probably the most personal and intimate thing a woman can deal with, but you wont go to dinner where a woman fully closed his hand clothed is at the same table. The embarq state counselor canceled her trip to new york to speak to the United Nations general assembly. Instead, she spoke on man mark tv about reports of Violence Toward ethnic muslims, which led to a mass exodus to a neighboring bangladesh. She addressed the growing international criticisms directed toward her government for her response to the crisis. This is 30 minutes