Transcripts For CSPAN Washington Journal 20240622

Later, we will focus on yesterdays gop event in ames, iowa. Reaction to your comments of donald trump. We will begin with the effort this past week to reduce prison time for nonviolent offenders. Our phone lines are open and we went to hear from you. 202 7488000 if you support the efforts to ease mandatory prison sentences. If you oppose the idea, the number to call is 202 7488001. Finally for those of you that it had experience with the criminal justice system, heres the number to call. 202 7488002. As always you can send us a tweet or join us on social media and facebook or send us an email at journal cspan. Org. Good sunday morning and thank you for being with us. Many of you weighing in on our Facebook Page and the question were asking. These efforts to ease the mandatory prison sentences. The president , the First Time Ever a prison. He did so last thursday just outside of oklahoma city. From our Facebook Page that is this from kylie says cops are one step away from being a military force. For member when i was to protect and serve. Today cops feed the Prison Industrial Complex and there was a lot of money in it. From u. S. News this piece nervous put in place by the president. The president and a bipartisan alliance in congress say and possible 10 of these for various drug crimes should be reduced or laminated as a matter or eliminated as a matter of fairness. The association of u. S. Attorneys say elected officials to make the change. The president became the first sitting president to visit a federal prison saying it would threaten Public Safety besides legislation to allow judges greater discretion. That is a view of the president outside of oklahoma city. Here is a portion of what he had to say. [video clip] obama my administration has taken steps to reduce the federal prison population. I signed a bill reducing 101 sentencing disparities between crack and powder cocaine. [applause] i commuted the sentences of dozens of people that says under old drug laws that we recognize enough air unfair. And now i am committing dozens more. [applause] under the leadership of attorney general eric holder, i have continued with Loretta Lynch federal prosecutors to open call smart on crime. Which is refocusing efforts on the worst offenders, pursuing mandatory minimum sentencing 20 left austin less often than they did before. You do not how is have to charge the max. To be a good prosecutor he did be proportionate you need to be proportionate. It turns out that we are solving just as many cases. There are just as many police bargains and it is working. It is just we eliminated some of the excess. And something extra ordinary happened. For the first time in 40 years americas crime rate and incarceration rate both went down at the same time. That happened last year. Host the president addressing the naacp on tuesday, traveling to a prison on thursday. Part of a weeklong effort by the administration to ease mandatory prison sentences which is our focus of the first 40 minutes or so on washington journal. 202 7488000 if you support the idea. 202 7488001 for those of you who oppose. If you have had experience with the criminal justice system, if you have spent time in a federal prison, the number to call is 202 7488002. Christian science monitor also writing about this story in a bipartisan effort to make changes to the criminal justice system. The president has been calling on congress to move on reforms and surprisingly lawmakers are in step with the president. It even looks like Congress Move ahead with him in hopes of both chambers and parties will put reform legislation on the president s desk before the end of the year. The full story Available Online at csm. Com. Steve says it is past time. With you to help the people who are released to find work. Treating them as unemployable is a most is that. Bob allen has a point. This is one of the many faults of the criminal justice system. Make room for financial and political criminals. Another the best viewer sending this week letting criminal go free is like letting isis members of free reign of the country. What could possibly go wrong . Here is more of what Speaker John Boehner had to say earlier this afternoon this past week. [video clip] boehner we have a lot of people in prison that really do not need to be there. It is expensive. The house prisoners some of these people are in their under what i would call flimsy reasons. I think it is time that we review the process. I am looking forward to putting this recommendations on the floor. Host with that background, tell us what you think about these efforts. Much of the put in place in the 1980s and 1990s. Now lawmakers are working what is being called the safe justice act. It would increase use of sentencing alternatives and encourage judicial districts to operate mental veteran and other problems solving courts. It would prioritize prison space for the mama and career criminals. It would expand current time policies for more inmates to reduce the recidivism rate. It would interest mentalhealth and deescalation Training Programs of the prison staff, especially for this work working inside the prisons and for those inmates who are about to be released. We begin with thomas joining us on the phone. Caller guest good morning. My take is that mr. Obama neglected to mention the fact that his and mr. Holders the fact that the release convicted felons who were deported over five times one of which murdered kate steinle in san francisco. And another one murdered two Police Officers in northern california. He has misplaced his efforts. And one last question. Why is the white house refusing to lower the American Flag when five of our Service Members were just murdered by terrorists . Thank you. Host thank you for the call. Edwin has this point on her twitter page. Our country is built on sending people to prison. Reform is needed that would put a lot of enforcement people out of a job. Another story getting attention. Front page of the New York Times pickup and the investigation into bill cosby. Cosby detailed many affairs in testimony. The piece points out that he was not above seducing a young model by showing interest in her fathers cancer. The promised other woman his mentor ship and career advisor pushing them for sex acts and he tried to use financial sleightofhand to keep his wife from finding out about his serial philandering. Bill cut be admitted to all this and more over four days of intense questioning 10 years ago at a philadelphia hotel, where he defended himself in a deposition for a lawsuit filed by a young woman who accused him of drugging and molesting her. Even as mr. Cosby denied he was a sexual predator who assaulted many women he presented himself in deposition as an unapologetic cavalier playboy. Summoning his accommodation of fame, apparent concern, and powerful sedatives in exactly the pursuit of young women. That is this morning from the front page of the New York Times. On the prison of subject of prison sentencing, ginger, good morning. Caller i support president obama for the reform. We are incarcerating our people way too harshly and way too much. And for basically keeping people in prison complexes way too long. Host do you think judges would react positively or negatively to this proposal because it would give the more discretion . Caller positive. I think they would like to be able to use their discretion. Host thank you for the call for minnesota. Another viewer saying start locking up the gangsters, not the drugsters. 202 7488000 if you support white house and administrative efforts to ease mandatory prison sentences. 202 7488001 if you oppose and if you have had any expense but the criminal justice system, the number is 202 7488002. We welcome our listeners on cspan radio. The cover story of the New York Times focusing on Hillary Clinton. The once and future hillary. Covering her and the other four Democratic Candidates in cedar rapids iowa. Is on our website at www. Cspan. Org. The Weekly Standard why are these men smiling . Some harsh editorials this morning on the justannounced iran nuclear deal. Later this morning we will talk to two experts from the iaea on what is the process of investigating irans new clear capability and how is there a checkpoint to verify is the president said. First to marry from new york. Good morning. What you support the effort . Caller i believe there is an institutionalized slavery going on in the prison system. I also believe that there was a poet who wrote a line, auction blocks to cellblocks. We have 25 of the prisoners in the world. We have about 2. 5 of the population. I think this is egregious and when you cut down and do much more rehabilitation. And also one in three young black men under the age of 30 is in prison. There is something going on and we need to stop it. When you to stop the violent crime. Thank you. Host you use the phrase institutionalized slavery. What you mean by that . Caller basically they are using i cannot quote the exact place but it is might understanding there was a place in the midwest that had a factory that made airplane parts. They were unionized people making a decent living wage. They closed the factory and wouldnt you know it, after a short amount of time, the prison was making the same parts for they were paying . 25. Corporations are taking advantage of really cheap labor in this business system. I think it is basically slavery. Host you had another point . Caller no, that is it. Thank you. Host a lot of editorials, including this from the boston globe. The headline is behind the fight mandatory minimum sentences. Donna has this point. Prisons are for profit. It was losing jobs there . Host is been a week of remarkable photographs of pluto. Looking beyond food plato. After some striking images from 3 billion miles away the question is what is next for nasa. Here is one of those absolutely fascinating photographs of that pleasant that planet. Net is next on sunday morning. Your take. Caller good morning, steve. I did 48 months in the federal system for marijuana. A businessman most my life. That the sentencing guidelines have been enhanced three times over the last 20 years and each time they get harsher and harsher. I saw young people in there, 18 years old, doing 10 and 20 years for marijuana. People think you dont go to jail for marijuana. In the federal system they have life sentence for marijuana if you reach a certain amount. You can actually have a life sentence with no chance for parole for marijuana. Host for you personally, for years . Was the events . Caller possession of marijuana. Host how much . Caller several hundred pounds. But i still think the sentence was way too high. You learned your lesson real quick after the first year. You dont need to do numerous years. I had a u. S. Attorney tell me she was doing gods work putting the in jail. That is a quote. Host how are you doing today . Caller i am retired. I am almost 70. You will never forget. I couldve got probation and never done it again. They took my home. It was a family home. They confiscated it. I was finding credible amount of money. Fined incredible amounts of money. The previous caller talked about unicore. You make . 11 per hour. The system is so corrupt. I actually held the prison door open while other inmates to Computer Systems and put them in guards cars and drove away. Host are you still there . Ned . Caller did i lose you . Host glossy firmament. One last question. Haddad you recover after four years in prison get yourself back to a more normal life . Caller i had a wife and family visit by me that stood by me. I had a young daughter. I was lucky. I got out and so had the was left of business to provide together. I was luckier than most. They wont release you to your family right away. Everybody is released to what they call a federal Halfway House which is more slave labor. They force you to go to work, even if you might have your own business that can go back to work at. You cannot do that. You get half of your money to the Halfway House for six months. Host when did you get out of prison . When were you free . Caller i got up 20 years ago. Host thank you very much for sharing your story with us. Caller lets everybody get on board and get these sentences reduced. That is the crime. The sentencing is the crime. Host joining us from maine another viewer has this comment. The prisons should be filled with wall street banksters. Front page of the l a times. The story is called running dry. The diminishing Colorado River is a growing concern for farmers in yuma, arizona. Billions of people depend on its water millions of people depend on its water. Caller good morning. I support the president with this initiative. I worked on an economic the challenge region of virginia. I worked with presidency came out and had federal benefits reinstated. There is so much poverty and mental illness. I think also less reform the Prison Guards lets reform the Prison Guards. They have a high divorce rate, high alcohol and drug abuse just from working in the prisons. Amnesty international is reviewing a lot of these prisons because some of the guards actually cover up the cameras and then beat some of these prisoners up. There is a lot of abuses that should be looked at. And the severe penalties and sentencing for the poor compared to rich or wealthier people who have lawyers and can get off with these big corporate crimes. Im glad somebody will finally take a look at this. Host thats president of the National Association of assistant u. S. Attorneys has this essay and site usa today. Its the drug laws keeping our nation safe. Providing an opposing view to an editorial in usa today saying its time to change americas prison sentences. Now prosecutors want more leeway in new hope they will show the nitze and will back to doing what got them in trouble. Oh james from maryland. And never tease mandatory prison since his. What is your take on this . Caller i think it is not make a lot of logical sense to lock somebody up in a cell for years and then expect them to come out better than they were wanting when in. Host think you very much for the call . Bill in maine. You oppose this . Caller good morning. Listen. I cant tell you how much i oppose this. I dont know how these folks calling in and telling you. I am 74. I remember back when we used to have history books in this country. Should we have opposed the sins for al capone. Lucky with schiano . Meyer lansky . All those organized crime guys . Wearer of liberals. . The first thing you have to understand . Everybody in prison is innocent. Everybody is innocent. I had a guy call up from maine who said he at 400 pounds of pot. That is a lot of stuff to smoke. Was he a dealer . Lyndon johnson started the great society. I dont know how many billions and trillions of dollars we spent on four people poor people. Look at baltimore. For 10 years in the maryland was later and 20 years in congress, did not know they were poor people in the city of baltimore. Who was getting home . These politicians are just as bad. A criminal is a criminal is a criminal. You have this stuff coming across the border. Give illegal aliens coming across the border. Obama has chicken the chains on Law Enforcement. They want cops not to arrest people. What is america going to wake up and see what this animal from mexico did . He killed an innocent woman for fun. For no reason. Host let me step in with another part of the argument. We are not doing enough to rehabilitate inmates. What responsibility does the government have on that front . Caller the government, if you were in the military and you into prison for a crime in the military you had 20 years of hard labor. They do not worry about rehabilitating you. Theyre worried about you doing your crime. If you cant do the time, dont do the crime. Host bill from maine, thank for the call. There was an Organization Called the sentencing project which take a look as of the disparities in the criminal justice system. The likelihood of imprisonment is much higher rate among africanamerican men versus wightman. You can log on to sentencingproject. Org for more information. Nexus carry from brian, telik texas. Caller good morning. Host good morning. Caller good morning. Host we will try one more time. You were on the air. Caller good morning. Host ok. We will move on. Gary from cape girardeau, missouri. Caller how are you . Host fine, thank you. Caller i want to comment on the time thing. I have mustered back in 1972 with one joint. And i did a year and a half. And i think that is ridiculous. So im in full support of relaxing the sentencing on these things. Host why a year and a half . Did you have a previous offense . Caller no, no. Never been arrested. Never even had a traffic ticket. Host this is 1970 . Caller 1972. That is not that long ago but it is. What i am saying is the government does not understand what is going on. Host thank you for the call. This is a tweet from ricky says people complaining about absent fathers in the home are the same ones advocating draconianlongterm lockup. The population in florida is on the front page of the miami herald. Guards should keep their mouth shut when inmates are brutalized. Here is what happened when one told the truth. Also Available Online at the miami herald website. Defer page of the daily news. Cosbys secret confession. He admitted to graphic sex in his disposition. And trump is the toast after insulting mccain. Not a war hero. Cover story. Back to your calls on americas prison population. Is it time to ease mandatory minimums . Caller good morning. Ive got experience with the system. I never committed any crime. I had a boyfriend that i already had a restraining order on him. He came into my house. He got into my house and long story short, i shot him. I did not want him in there. He was not supposed to be there any can desperately violent when he was drinking. I spent 12 years and four months nine months for that 15yearold sentence. Host take a step back. When did this happen . Caller this habit in 1999. Host did you kill him . Caller i did. Host how many times did you shoot him . Caller once. Apparently i shot him on the right side of the chest with his rifle that he is gotten out. Had gotten out. I shot him once in the chest. Host did you have proper defense in your case . Caller well, i had an appointed attorney. I admitted to doing it. It was not like i admitted doing it. He was not supposed to be in my house. I had trouble with him before. They had taken into jail before. But what happened was i got a 15 year sentence which was very light, seconddegree. And i left a good job. I was a bookkeeper. I had a home that was taken from me. My children could not understand what happened because i did not want to expose to them about the sexual problems we had. I played guilty so i would not have to try to go through all that. So i could pay my do. When i came out all i had was one sister left in my life. When i came out i had literally nothing. No clothes. Know anything. And i spent that time. It was not easy time for me. I had never had anything to do host i am wondering why you did not use selfdefense in your case. Caller [laughter] i tried to do. I did not want to go through court. I did not want my kids to know what was happening in the house. Host did they ultimately find out . Caller i think my son did. Im not sure about my daughter. She doesnt speak theyre so disgraced by what i did. Im without my children, i do have my sister, she knows everything. Had my father not died left me a little money so i could get a place to live. I would have nothing. Thats the problem. We come out and they did not care if i had a home to go to. They let me out those doors. They did not care. I was not on i spent my fulltime. I wasnt on any parole. It pretty much destroyed my life because, as i come out and do everything i possibly could, i am depressed nervous. I have all kinds of problems. I have been up all night long because in some nights i dont sleep. Host we are going to move on. But i want to thank you for sharing your story with us. We appreciate it very much. Sharon from jackson, tennessee. Efforts to ease mandatory prison sentences. A push by the obama administration. Comment of the president at the naacp convention. Also outside oklahoma city, a medium security prison. The first time a sitting u. S. President has been that is a prison. The safe justice act, assume districts to operate mental health, veteran and other problemsolving courts. We listen to david from orlando, florida. Caller my brother did two years in prison for stealing. It is a back and forth issue with me. I grew up in a poor neighborhood. We were preyed on by repeat offender criminals. When i was in college, the same thing. If you live import neighborhoods, ask those people what they want, they want criminals removed. As an adult it seems like arresting people left and right for everything and then put their picture in the paper. You cannot get a job in this country if you have any criminal activity. Toss in the amount of illegal immigration we have and these people come out of prison they cannot get entrylevel work anymore. Host the president made that reference in philadelphia as well saying employers need to take that question off any application because it immediately dismisses any chance of that individual getting a job if they had a prison record. Caller you have to document what have you done the last seven years. They do not have to ask you. Legally, they can go back and see where you are at. Entrylevel work, i see these people coming out of jail for relatively minor things and they are not going to get hired. I dont blame an employer for not hiring you. Host how is your brother today . Caller my parents stood by him. He is in the plumbers union. He is of five years probation and it was hell for him and my family. My brother was guilty and he knew what he was doing. 18 years old, great job for ubs stole a box ups, stole a box, got convicted. Living in those poor neighborhoods in college, it was pure agony. My car would be broken into. My apartment. Talk to poor people in poor neighborhoods. Ask them what they want because they are usually the ones that take the brunt of crime. Thank you. Host congressman Bob Goodlatte is one of those opposed to the president s plan for commutation of drug offenses. The story is a valuable is available at cq roll call. He called the move an attempt to benefit a class of offenders. That story Available Online at rollcall. Com. Another viewer saying the potus is not releasing criminals, he is doing away with discriminatory mandatory minimum drug sentencing. Had he is next for bakersfield california. Caller i wanted to stress the point, giving a life sentence when you go to prison. Garments of how much time you do, you can never regardless of how much time you do, you can never get away from that. They say you are free, you are never free after that. You cannot get a job. The Community Looks down on you. It is very difficult. Host thank you for the call. Lets go to crystal. Lake forest, california. Caller good morning. I support efforts to minimize sentences. I believe that, like the hard criminals and murderers, they need to be imprisoned. They need to do their time. I believe the low class offenders, they just need an opportunity in order to change their lives. A chance at life. Prison does not do it. It makes it worse. My sister is looking at a threeyear sentence for something minor. She really does just need rehab. Host what was the offense . Caller she was stolen property. Host do you find a disparity between that kind of crime and White Collar Crime . Nobody has gone to jail for the collapse of wall street back in 2008. Caller i do. I believe the low class offenders, like my sister, they just need people to help them instead of put them down and lock them away. They need to give them a chance to straighten out their lives. People have kids that are going to look at this and be like, why did mommy and daddy go to prison when there are murderers and people being killed and they are not being caught . Host thank you for the call. Another viewer responding to our caller in tennessee who spent 12 years after shooting her boyfriend saying, the caller probably got up to 15 years because the boyfriend wasnt threatening her when she shot him violating isnt a Death Penalty offense. The New York Times reporting on the killings in iraq. The death toll in excess of 120. Isis says it carried out that threat. The group has claimed responsibility for the bombing in eastern iraq and Officials Say the death toll has risen up to 120. A bomb tearing through a marketplace on friday as shoppers prepared for a major muslim holiday. The story this morning from the New York Times. Barry is joining us from richmond virginia. Caller good morning. I was calling because i support barack obama. His decision to decrease sentences for people. I just came out of jail recently so i understand how it is. I was not in jail for anything serious. Everything i did was misdemeanor offenses and they tried to give me four years for nothing. I took a plea agreement to get at a jail for a lesser sentence and probation. While i was in there, a few programs teaching people how to better themselves and get back into society by teaching them how to do certain jobs and help them get their ged and computer education and things of that nature. If you complete the program, you can go to the judge and get a sentence reduction. A lot of people completed that and are doing better. I probably became closer to six people who actually completed the programs and each one of them are doing better now. Host what was your offense . There had to be a reason why you were incarcerated. Caller breaking my cell phone. I got into a fight. Assault. Host how badly did you injure that individual . Caller i was hurt the worst. Me throwing the first punch they gave me the charge. I just wanted to say, i agree with what he is doing. The other thing i think he should focus on his drug offenses. They are giving people too much time for little amounts of drugs not even a serious one. The person on before saying too many people are getting killed and other things that are 10 times worse than small crimes. People do the small crimes get the most amount of time. Host thanks for the call from richmond, virginia. Greg has this point. Not only is the land of the free the biggest jailer, it is the most unforgiving place in the world. We get your reaction to ease mandatory prison sentences. As ramadan comes to an end, from inside the Washington Post, the ayatollah says the hostility between iran and the u. S. Will continue. Carol morello writes this morning, irans Supreme Leader said yesterday that hostility between the Islamic Republic and the arrogant u. S. Will not abate after a landmark Nuclear Agreement and that iran will keep supporting groups the west opposes. Whether the deal is approved or disapproved, we will never stop supporting our friends in the region and the people of palestine, yemen syria iraq, bahrain, and lebanon. We do not have any negotiations or deal with the u. S. On different issues in the world or in the region. This morning, from carol morello of the Washington Post. David is joining us next. Welcome to the conversation. Caller good morning to you sir. I had a friend from virginia and he was sentenced to 42 years for selling one oxycontin pill. He worked 40 years and coal mines. Host sentence was how many years . Caller he was 35 or 45 years. Doing time now in a virginia prison. Host did he have a previous offense . Caller he did not. Host how much were you talking about . Of the drug . Caller one or two pills. Host he got 42 years . That seems unusually high to make. To me. How much time has he served as far . Caller five or six years. Host does he have the ability to get parole . Caller not in virginia. You have to do 85 of the time. Host no previous offense . Caller no previous offense. Host how old is he . Caller 60 years old. Host does he have family . Caller he has been wiped out financially. He has a wife and she is she has us he has a son at home and a daughter at home but they do not have any money. Host ellis from augusta georgia. Caller i support these efforts. Let me tell you one quick case. This gentleman beat his girlfriend and unfortunately she passed away because she was in a coma. His daddy had plenty money. A very good attorney. This man that killed of this girl got five years in prison and five years probation. A friend of mine was caught with four joints. Marijuana joints and got 10 years in prison. It is a lot to do with how much money you have. If you can have a good attorney, you can get a lesser sentence. I know of it. It happened in my hometown. Its disgusting. The girl that got killed by this illegal immigrant in california. San francisco. The brother got on tv and said donald trump, stop using that incident. Stop using the death of my sister as your reason for saying what you are saying. Those individuals are doing the same thing. The family dont want to use that incident. It was unfortunate but tell people to stop doing that. The family does not want you to do it. Host donald trump making news. The headline from the Washington Post as Republican Leaders and candidates fire on trump as he said yesterday senator john mccain is not a war hero. He did so at the family summit. The entire event is on her website. On our website. The issue of donald trump and his latest comments. The president spending part of the weekend in new york city. Imagine being a hotdog vendor and seeing the president and two daughters walking by. He was shocked to see the leader of the free world in new york city. A big apple visit by the president and his daughters in this walkthrough central park. They went to the hiphop musical about the Founding Fathers and stopped by the hotdog vendor. They were joined by the president s sister and secret service agents. Thursday, the first stop on an african to or will begin in nairobi, kenya. Coming up we will turn our attention to military bases. Leo shane will be joining us. New efforts in florida and elsewhere to make the military centers safer. Later in the program, two officials from the International Atomic agency about how inspections of Irans Nuclear sites would work under this agreement reached last week. This weekend we traveled to lexington, kentucky as part of our cspans cities tour. It considers on cspan 2 possible tv. We will look at lexingtons Program Including a visit to the cemetery. The family members of former first Lady Mary Todd lincoln. That is at 2 00 this afternoon. Here is a preview. We are in the plot of the todd family. All of them played in mens roles during the revolution played inmmense roles during the revolution. Robert f todd and a Liza Todd Eliza todd had six children. One of whom was mary todd. Mary became the wife of abraham lincoln. Robert todd, after eliza died married Elizabeth Humphreys. Elizabeth humphreys is the greatgranddaughter of john and Elizabeth Patton preston of virginia. Those are the progenitors of the Preston Family that is going to play a role in the civil war in kentucky as well as virginia. It is interesting that in the center shaft underneath which Elizabeth Humphreys todd is buried, she has on her stone in memory of my boys, samuel todd, david todd, alexander todd, all confederate soldiers. Host our cities tour this week we travel to lexington, kentucky. You can check out the tour online at cspan. Org\ cities tour. We want to welcome leo shane. We have seen horrific scenes out of chattanooga tennessee. Our new debate over the security of military facilities including Recruitment Centers. What more should be done . Guest that is what the debate is going to be. We have quite a few congressional officials looking at this issue. Ash carter has issued a full review of military facilities security. Looking at the report by the end of the week. The immediate issue for congress and a lot of folks is going to be what should be done with arming these folks. Folks at the recruiting centers some of the we have a piece of legislation from Duncan Hunter that would allow folks at recruiting centers to be armed or have security with them. Theres also Defense Authorization bill which has provisions regarding troops carrying their own personal firearms in the scans of facilities. These kinds of facilities. We are looking at bringing the gun debate into military facilities. Issues of whether or not folks can carry them on base. Some of these provisions would allow discretion to say you can carry personal firearms. A lot of questions surrounding how secure these areas are and whether they are targets for extremists of any sort. Host one of the ironies is that some of these marines, including Tommy Sullivan who served two tours of duty only to come back to chattanooga tennessee presumably a safe area to face a shooter. A makeshift memorial becoming far too common shooting victims. We saw developments in florida where these Recruitment Centers are being moved to safer facilities. Guest i think there are six or seven states now where the governor has said National Guard recruiting centers should be armed. These folks should have some sort of security for them because they are too out there. The point of these recruiting centers is to bring civilians in to get them to join the military. That puts them in places like Shopping Malls, places that are vulnerable. Times square, the site out there. These are places out in the community that do not have the security of a fort hood. A big military installation. There is this question of, if these folks will be targets what needs to be done . What personal security should they have . Host you look at some of the photographs, those Shopping Mall facilities, bulletproof glass is in place. That is a measure that has established. It was an unmanned barricade as a suspect goes through that area. The issue is whether or not these officers should have been armed. You can see the vehicle from the suspect who was later shot by chattanooga police. Guest i think that is what the poise the point of the secretary of states review is going to be. Do we have facilities that are too easy to get into . There will be an intense debate of whether or not arming these folks, if they had personal firearms or military issued, whether or not they would stop them. The chief of staff of the army has set he wants a review. He has concerns about letting too many guns out for military folks who are serving stateside. Not in a war zone. I think it is easy to see how this is going to turn into a wider gun control debate. Folks who believe if these individuals were armed, these military folks who are highly trained in understand how to use firearms, they couldve prevented some of this. On the other side you have folks who say more guns will be more shooting and more death. We will see were Congress Goes with this. A few weeks before their august break. I expect this to be a hot topic as they finish up the Defense Authorization bill and review other proposals. Host since fort hood, how many shooting incidents have there been . Guest i actually dont know. I counted up there have been seven shooting incidents involving multiple military fatalities. When you start to factor in individual shootings, domestic disputes, to get into numbers that go higher. The fact that i can come up with seven real quick, the tragedy at fort hood in 2009. Another one at fort hood. This is becoming more commonplace. In the past we thought of military institutions installations as separate from Workplace Violence attacks. That is another issue. Was this Workplace Violence . Was this a terrorist attack . In some cases it is domestic disputes and in some cases it was someone inspired by isis, al qaeda, whatever Extremist Group overseas. We do not know what the details are of this attack and what may have inspired the shooter. It is clear these folks can be vulnerable and they are seen as easy targets. Host the president from the oval office had these remarks. [video clip] i just received a briefing from fbi director komey about the shooting that took lace and chattanooga today took place in chattanooga today. We know that what appears to be alone gunman carried out attacks. We have identified a name. At this point, a full investigation is taking place. The fbi will be in the lead, working closely with local Law Enforcement. We have been in contact with the secretary of defense to make sure our facilities are properly attended and vigilant as we sort through what happened. As details proceed, we will make sure the fbi as well as local Law Enforcement are providing the public with all the information involved. My main message now deepest sin but these to the American People. Deepest sympathy to the American People. It is a heartbreaking circumstance for these individuals who served our country with great valor to tbe killed in this fashion. Although the families are in the process of being contacted, i want them to know i speak for the American People in expressing our deepest condolences. Host comments from the president from the oval office on thursday. Four had died on thursday. The fifth, the sailor who passed away yesterday. Our guest is leo shane of the military times. 202 7488000 for those of you in the eastern or central time zones. 202 7488001 if you are out west. We have aligned set aside for those of you more active military. 202 7488002. The president will be in pittsburgh to address the vfw convention on tuesday. Guest it would not surprise me if he refers to this tragedy in solidarity with the military community. This is just before the veterans of foreign wars. Expect him to discuss key veterans issues. We have seen improvements in the department over the last year. Also continued blows from congress over problems with wreckage keeping and wait times. Recordkeeping and wait times. These kinds of events turn into a mini Foreign Policy discussion as well. I expect conversation about iran, the future of military budget and cuts. The fw has been hammering the issue of mandatory spending limits and sequestration. I expect all of those points to hit on, just as he is speaking to a military base. Is a folks who are into with activedutyhost and at comments yesterday of donald trump saying senator john mccain is not a war hero. Quick reaction from republicans and veterans groups . Guest id expect to hear conversation about that at the convention as well. John mccain has taken plenty of the system, and i havent criticism, but i havent heard anyone attack him for being a vw in the past. Veterans groups are taking issue with the idea that somehow john mccain failed because he was taken captive. They are demanding apology from donald trump, and so far it hasnt been given. Host joining us from florida good morning. Caller good morning. I entered the military at 17 and spent several years in the military police. I know that some of the troops that i was with were very proficient and, you know, used a lot of judgment with weapons. We all carried side arms. When we were in the military police, we were trained on different types of weapons and we carried a side arm all the time. Some of the guys were, careless they played with their weapons. One or two was shot. My personal opinion is if they want to issue weapons to the troops on the base, they should restrict it to the senior ngos. When i say senior, i am talking about and i5 e5 or above, someone with some maturity. The young guys seem to think it makes them a tough guy or something, we needs to be extremely careful about issuing weapons to all the people on base, because i can tell you my personal experience. Ive spent 26 years in the military. Some of them are simply not mature enough to handle a weapon. Host thank you. We will get a response, leo shane . Guest it brings up a great point. There are two different issues working through congress right now. Youve got a bill that would allow someone in recruiting center, in a facility, to be armed. Everyone does not mean a 21yearold who just got assigned there, that it does mean a senior officer or someone who is trained in this sort of endeavor. The other issue is this issue of carrying personal firearms on base. We are seeing that debate in the Defense Authorization bill. This is a concern of a lot of folks. Military folks are a lot more chained trained than your average people. But there is still the concerned, do you have that level of opportunity experience the folks that are really pushing for allowing personal firearms are saying these are the best in america. These are people that we know have signed up, we know their motivation. We know that they have been trained and they are more responsible than another 23yearold. But there is still that concern. It was getting that weapon those weapons, do they know what to do . There was a report of something down in florida this weekend who took a personal firearm and accidentally discharged it. I dont remember if there were any injuries, but that is a concern. Do more guns make you more or less safe . Host our producer is looking into this, there have been 14 military shootings since 2000 in the last 20 years. Guest it just shows that these are not the hyper secure places a lot of people think they will be. It is a military facility but it is still a vulnerable target. Host lets go to alicia joining us from West Palm Beach florida. Caller good morning. This is lunacy in my up. In my opinion. They are in the military, they have been trained to carry arms. Of course they should be armed when they are at their post. It doesnt make any sense to me why we would have our military unarmed and vulnerable. It just drives me crazy. I dont mean to be flip or sarcastic. I truly think that there are way too many week, whiny effeminate, liberal men who are doing this to our country. We need to some George Pattons we need some Omar Bradleys and some mcarthurs. We need men with the willingness to do the right thing. Thank you. Host thank you alicia. We appreciate it. Fundamentally guest fundamentally distal come down to a question of, do you believe more guns make you safer. There are going to be a lot of people saying that military personnel are not properly trained, dont have proper respect for weaponry. That there will be a lot of people who say adding more guns to the equation do not make able more safe. There is a difference between hot handling eight firearm in a battle situation in a war zone and handling one in a Public Relations situation. There is also a Public Relation aspect. The point of this is to have people come in, welcomed the community, convince people that they want to join. What is having a heavily armed military official there what kind of message is i going to send . What is that going to look like . These are things that lawmakers are going to have to look at. Host our guest is a journalist for the military times. James is next, from alabama. Caller my comment is, the shooting. I know they havent entirely investigated the entire reason for it, but i think the American Public is not really looking at this in a logical way. America has really changed over the last 20 or 30 years. The first thing is, the u. S. Military has been operating in the middle east, in war, since i dont know, the last 10 or 15 years. The last few years they have been bombing those different countries. They have been droning. We dont see it in the news, all of the other people. The killing. What they do is show these pictures of these drones going in, bombing these different communities. You say that the sandman man, his parents are up in palestine. We know what happened this young man, his parents are back in palestine. They have been bombed back to the stone age. He also visited jordan. They have relatives in the bay area. Relative in these areas. They dont see the military like we do. Those people from that areata the middle east is really big. People dont realize that because the media does not really show. If you look at some of the pictures from syria, from yemen from palestine, from gaza, you will see the damage of iraq, iran. You see the damage, and the only people from the air yet relates to is the military. They dont look at the military like we do. Host thank you for making that point. We will get a response. Leo shane . Guest we obviously dont know what the motivations were here whether this was caused by some Foreign Policy. But the collar brings up a good point, which is we dont necessarily see our military facilities as targets. As you said, with that number of shootings they certainly are for a number of folks who are either biased against the military or have some view that the military is to blame. Thats why the issue of securing these facilities comes with background. What are we going to do, how are we going to make sure that someone who is bent out of shape does not have access and cant do these kinds of massacres. These kind of multiple casual casualty events. Host that is our topic. Especially if you are listening on cspan radio, the security of military facilities after shootings at military facilities, the latest in chattanooga, tennessee resulting in five deaths. This is leo shane. Jack is joining us from chattanooga, tennessee. Caller im a retired reservist. Im very familiar with that facility. The barricade did its job. Up until 9 11, there were no barricades at that facility. Over the years the facility, barricades have been installed. You have to realize, that facility sits in a public park. It is right away. Anybody almost has access to that. Area. Host its called an Operational Support facility. What is that purpose . Caller during the week, it is operated by active duty personnel. That is the facility that we go to as reservist for our weekend duty. We go there for the weekend, we have our records there, we do paperwork. It is not if we get deployed, where all of our records go. That is what that facility does. On the weekend, one weekend out of a month, you might have 200 or 300 people there. During the week it is just a skeleton crew. Caller host and your take on whether the people at the these facilities should be armed . Caller you have to take into consideration, that particular facility is at a public park. You have playgrounds, fisherman. You could arm somebody, but somebody out there cursory. I dont know how you would stop somebody from driving on the property. Host thank you very much for adding your perspective to the conversation. Guest i mean a lot of these facilities, especially recruiting facilities, security becomes near impossible. You want to be integrated, you want to be part of the community. Its that balance. Howdy figure out what security needs to be provided, what concessions you can make. What you have to do in order to make sure that that personnel is not in danger. Host walter from new orleans good morning. Caller good morning. My question is, this is a continuation of the prolific proliferation of guns in america. You can arm everybody to the teeth. You cant protect military personnel when they going to public. If they are dressed in their uniform than they are liable to be attacked. I dont know how youre going to protect them other than throw more guns. We have men out there with guns. I believe that the nra has not come to the last couple of discussions. They have sat back, and we the people continually carry their methods about more guns, more guns, more guns. More guns are going to meet more people dead. Guest thats the key argument here. The different difference with these population is these are military personnel, they do have some familiarity, some training with firearms. These are not necessarily undisciplined, were talking up people who understand, have possibly more respect than the average civilian for these weapons. But this is where we are going to head, the you believe more guns will make you safer or do you believe there is another alternative that can help protect these facilities and these people . Host if you are active military the number to call is 202 7488002. Bill from reading, pennsylvania. Good morning. Caller good morning. I would like to say in my heart that 9 11 should open our eyes and we should be prepared, because that is what is going to happen. I was in europe last year and looked look what happens to the country, greece. I believe more guns are going to keep the place safer. I tell you why. I have been with guns all my life. We dont go around shooting people ok . You have a soldier that got killed, four of them. If they had a gun they couldve killed the scumbag. Guest you know, the military does not like to get involved with these social issues political discussions, but this is clearly going to draw them right into that guncontrol discussion now. We will see how it plays out, we will see what the decisions are. This puts them front and center in the debate. Host next on the debate over Donald Trumps comments and the veteran organizations responding. This is the headline from the Washington Post, gop leaders, candidates fire on trump. Carol old streets, mccain not only was tortured, but could have been released earlier but chose to stay until others were released. Guest Donald John Mccain is obviously a controversial figure. There are people on the left and right who have critique and praised him. But i have never heard anyone critique his military record. This is someone who obviously terrifies a lot of his body, a lot of his spirit or the country. Veterans groups are appalled that someone with attack would attack that and say that pows are failures for being captured and tortured. This is an airy out where i have never seen a successful political candidate make that kind of claim or make that kind of argument. We will see where it goes from here. Host yesterday in a q a with frank luntz in ames iowa. We carry the entire event live yesterday. He was asked this question, he spoke with reporters courtesy of the Des Moines Register. Heres what donald trump had to say. [video clip] when i supposed to say, i like the people who dont get captured. What about in the context of john mccain . Excuse me. I like the people who dont get captured. I respect them greatly. You have people that did get captured, i respect them also. You said the veterans in this cap you disrespected john mccain. John mccain has not done enough for the veterans of this country. When it john mccain says, he is not doing a Great Service to our veterans. Host how is this going to go . Guest that clip shows him trying to get away from what the problem comments are. He is taking a lot of praise for his immigration policies his military policies. That seems like fair game. Again, attacking his military record, attacking his time as a pow is a whole different problem and an interesting thing. We have already seen, i think just about all of the president ial candidates condemn his remarks. I think senator cruz has referred to things with senator john mccain. This is going to be an issue that democrats will hammer, that veterans groups will be livid about. Republicans will be forced to deal with it. Host what about the shooter in chattanooga tennessee, saying that he was not a devout muslim. That he had struggled with his own faith, and also with drugs. James, fort worth texas. Good morning. Caller good morning. I just want to clear up a misconception. I served 10 years in the United States navy during the vietnam wars. I spent years on the ground and it never fired a weapon for almost my entire career. Thats true for most people in the military. Most military personnel are not trained, they never see a weapon after boot camp. I think it would be a lot safer if you want to arm Recruitment Centers, where most of those people are clerical, if you want to protect those put military bulletproof glass. Dont assume that just because you are in the military you are some kind of weapons expert. It doesnt happen. Host thank you. Guest one of the proposals out there is, do we need to arm the spokes or do we need to put security personnel who are more familiar. Even the folks who are highly trained, there is a big difference between rules of compat combat and public rules. What would be considered proper handling, stuff like that. Even folks who do have some kind of familiarity with firearms some kind of higherlevel training, that does not always mean that they are experts in what to do to diffuse the situation like that. Host on that topic, we saw the number 40,000. The army troop reduction, over what time. . Guest we are looking over the next few years. We have seen a reduction since the iraq war in the number of army officials. We have known that the personnel was going to be drawn down in the incoming years. The president and the pentagon has both said, we are not in a time of war. We need to cut some personnel costs. What we thought recently what the specifics of that. What is going to need mean for specific bases, 4000 troops here, 5000 troops there. Really getting into the nittygritty impact. A lot of people are saying, when it was a theoretical conversation its one thing but now youre talking about taking 5000 troops out of my district out of my town. You are also hearing from military Officials Saying, this is tough for us, this is going to put pressure on us. But if sequestration is not rude healed repeals, repeals we are going to have to go down even further. Host we are dealing with a lot of different issues involving the military going back to security and military facilities, here is a tweet that says, as a former military veteran who was patient at fort hood, i would not let soldiers walk around the base of weapons. We were immature. Guest that will be the key of the issue here. I think what they talked about in the Defense Authorization bill is not blanket, let everybody carry their personal firearms and do whatever they want. What they talked about is giving commanders more discretion. If they decide that there are a serious areas where they need more firearms, commanders can have a little bit more leeway and say weve done our recruiting here. We want to have some folks. We just need to have a security person here that has a firearm. But yes this is a subset of america. There are 22yearold who have never handled a gun before, and there are folks that have are weapons experts and would probably be highly trained and know what to do in that situation. How do you apply that, what is going to be the safe middle ground for everyone . Host edward is tweeting edwin, responding to a caller from earlier. The color is right, only 10 of the military are combat troops. The rest are for the support of combat troops. Caller from indiana, good morning. Caller i just wanted to say we cant secure the white house how can we even secure military bases and recruiting centers. I just wanted to say about senator mccain, wasnt he facing a firing squad for treason and president nixon had to pardon him . Thats all i have to say. Thank you. Host thank you jack. The second point . Guest im not sure what he is referring to with senator mccain. Im not familiar. With the first point, there is the perception that folks in the military go overseas, has been in iraq, has been in a firefight. We are talking a small subset. But again, they do have some familiarity with firearms. Everyone goes through base camp and gets a base level instruction on how to operate. But that is not to say that these are all the same as your local Law Enforcement, or even stateside security personnel. Some of these folks might make a situation worse. We just dont know, and this is what military officials and congressional officials are going to have to struggle with. Host cnn is reporting this morning that one of the firearms that the suspect had obtained by ordering it online. Guest again, this is going to be a guncontrol conversation that the military probably does not want but they are now going to find themselves in. Host harry, joining us from militant michigan. Good morning. Caller hey, how are you guys . I was listening to the last caller when he was talking about how you have no ability to secure the white house. Thats a true fact. We have to understand that a lot of the u. S. Military installations, host of them are open posts. Thats relationships that the military has with civilians where they have access to the base to shop. Some of them have relatives on the base. Some of them are former military. President obama had the address where he was talking about all the Mass Shootings that were happening in different states. No one wanted to talk about this. But how many incidents have to happen right here in the United States before congress has a real discussion about gun control . Host thank you very. We will get a response. Guest the military wants it that way. The military wants to be part of the community. They dont want to be a separate work fortress that is somehow moved off from the rest of society. They wants to have sections on the base. They want to have military family. But that brings real risk. The caller brings up an important point, as is not the only mass shooting we have had. We had the South Carolina shooting. Weve had plenty of incidents. This is why this is going to be a broader discussion. Some things are going to be done on military facilities would military personnel, but it comes to the larger issue of how do we secure anywhere . Host part of that debate on the issue of depression and suicide which is a tweet from another viewer saying, with high depression and suicide rate in a military i think arming them on a base will make things worse. Guest there certainly is a lot of concern about the availability of firearms to anyone who has this suffered from depression or a suicidal. Thats one of the things that comes up in debates about veterans and the military. Again, another aspect of this competition issue. Host russell, midway florida. Good morning. Caller thanks for taking my call. How are you . Host we are fine. Thank you. Caller i am a 30 year police officer, and i felt like there were two guys guys on the job who were just a step away from using it for personal problems. Thinking that anything might happen where these guys come with their personal problems and using them against one another. I was stationed in fort bennett, i was stationed in fort hood, i was stationed in fort jackson. Im a vietnam veteran. Even an india not i can remember that we had to lock our weapons up because there were guys on the job going off the deep end. They were running out of the base camp when the guys the military police were coming in. Youve got all these drugs around like that. That can easily happen, where people in the war. That happened in vietnam. Sometimes in base camp, even a night we got overrun we could not get our weapons. That happens to me there. We got overrun and could not get our weapons because they were locked up, because guys were going off on one another. Host we will get a response. Thanks for the call. Guest we are talking more background checks, more psychological investigation. A whole host of issues if they do decide to go to some wider distribution of either personal firearms, or professional ones. Host quick follow up. This is a tweet from a viewer, he says, if a shooter passed a back on check. Doesnt that prove back on check stonework . Guest that is another issue. It does not appear that this is someone who was flagged someone who is known. He was able to kill five Service Members. What is going to be the solution, what is the Silver Bullet to make a terrible cliche , what is going to make it so you can provide security not just two basis but to Larger Society . Host our last call from roseburg, oregon. Good morning. Caller good morning. I think the military has the right idea. You disarm your people on basis and you probably eliminate a lot of the potential for shooting people up. I think what we ought to do is disarm the civilian police except for very Exceptional People and maybe we would stop these Police Shootings of innocent civilians. It happens all the time and nobody wants to talk about that bigger issue. They want to control civilians access to guns first, but the way you do that is it you control the Police Access to weapons. Guest i dont think disarming police is going to go too far as a policy issue. Its worth noting and the 2009 fort hood shooter in, and this shooting two, it was planes close plainclothes Police Officers who ended up stopping the shooting. In 2009 it was Police Officers on base, in this case it was Police Officers in chattanooga who stepped in and ultimately killed the shooter. There are highly trained professionals who know what theyre doing and serve a very Important Role in protecting the public. The question is whether that is enough and where we can go from there . Host secretary of state Ashton Carter taking a look at transgender in the military. What can you tell us . Guest this is going to be a big issue in the next year. Individuals into the military. We saw the dont ask dont tell debate if you years ago and by most accounts, had very a little effect on morale, on Mission Operation if anything was beneficial. So he looked at the issues and said this is another population that right now is prohibited facing discrimination within the ranks, and we need to bring them into the fold. A lot of outside debate about the military being an agent of social change and what this will mean for mission effectiveness. Host and the issue of recruitment facilities and military carrying weapons congressman among those advocating the idea. You can read the report online. As lawmakers want to let military recruiters carry those weapons. Thank you so much for being with us. Guest thank you. Anytime. Host when we come back, were going to turn our attention to the iran Nuclear Agreement and what is the process by the iaea. We will check in with two experts. But first, labor secretary is our guest on newsmakers. He talked about whether workers in this new Digital Economy should be considered contract workers and whether employers should be free of regulation. A portion of our conversation. [video clip] what troubles me at the outset is that it reflects a false choice. You either have innovation or you have regulation. That is a false choice. I see innovators across this economy, in the new economy, in the longstanding economy, who understand that when you take care of your workers, it is good for your workers, it is good for your bottom line, and it is good for your customers. This notion that we have to have either an independent contractor driving you or else we cant create a Business Model is, i think, simply incorrect. And what i i have a talked i have talked to in place all the time that recognize their most precious asset is their employee and their workers. And when you treat them fairly you end up having a much more loyal workforce. So, you know, when i hear people talk about the need to make sure that if someone is employee they are treated as an employee, that is right. And you can do so and innovate at the same time. I think that is certainly what the president feels. I know that is what secretary clinton feels. And that is what others feel. We talk to innovators all the time in the Silicon Valley and elsewhere who understand that i can create a new Business Model and still take care of my workers. And regulation, all that innovation doesnt repeatedly anyway . I dont believe so. Again, there are all these innovators out there right now understanding that is the right thing to do. Sometimes i hear people say, well, innovation, again, has to occur at the absence of regulation. I think to myself, well, what about the celebrate americans with disabilities act . Does that mean you have the right to say to someone in a wheelchair i cannot serve you because that is regulation . I think that is utterly inconsistent with our values and we can accommodate all these things. Host he is our guest on newsmakers, which airs every sunday. Also on cspan radio. And xm channel 120. Olli heinonen is the general for the International Atomic Energy Agency, and thomas shea, also with the International Atomic Energy Agency two experts who can talk about what to expect in this next phase of the investigation. Thank you for being with us. Thomas shea, let me begin with you. What is the process of inspecting these Nuclear Sites . Guest for known sides, it is simply a track question of keeping track of what is going on. Going out, using the equipment that will be left at the facility and sending teams out according to the schedule of events that are considered necessary. Essentially, dealey inspections have been carried out at the enrichment plants. Whether that will remain for very long under the joint comprehensive plan is another matter. Host you clarify that by saying no insight, elaborate. No one site known site, elaborate. Guest to track band imports banned imports and verify the limitations. Host are these inspections Strong Enough . Guest well, inspectors have their strengths and they have their weaknesses. So we need to a knowledge that. And also, this agreement has its strengths and weaknesses. So we have to be aware that there are limitations. Host when the iranian basically says this is an agreement between iran and an arrogant u. S. , and that it will not change, and there is nothing new, as you pointed out, but it does add some of the harsh rhetoric as lawmakers on capitol hill now determined whether not we can trust you. Trust iran. Guest we look at it from a technical and economical point of view, this whole issue of iran. He ran has changed is it has maintained its enrichment capacity. It has also not forgone the reprocessing, but changed it a little by saying it doesnt intend to be process. And surprisingly also, these socalled voluntary acts, they are conditional. They are conditional in the sense that they rectify one of the most important instruments here. Only when iaea reads these we will have some humps along this road. Host some background on the iaea which dates back to the eisenhower interim administration. Based in vienna, austria, it has 164 Member States and three areas of focus. Technology and applications, safety and security, as well as the safeguard and verification. Let me begin on the process. For those who have no idea how this process works, what do you look for jekyll how do you go about for . How do you go about investigating both known and unknown sites. Guest the iaea have agreements that are negotiated with each of the amend member state. Once it is enforced, there is virtually no mechanism for taking it out. And most of the agreement that are in place now have to do with a noncorporation treaty, about 186 countries at this point. The activities under this, the state makes a commitment that it will not acquire Nuclear Weapons. And the iaea looks at the state as a whole, what it could do if it were to cheat on its obligations and carries out its inspections accordingly. It is all to do with what contribution can a facility make what steps would be appropriate if a Nuclear Weapon program was underway, how do you get to the right place, or capabilities do need, and so on. Host our guests, both veterans of the iaea, i want to get your reaction to what the president said about those inspections and whether or not we can trust iran. [video clip] president obama as for the fact that it may take 24 days to finally get access to the site, the nature of Nuclear Programs and facilities as such it is not senior high to the closet it is not something you hide in a closet. And by the way, if we identify an undeclared site we are suspicious about, we are going to be keeping eyes on it. So we are going to be monitoring what the activity is, and that is going to be something that will be evident if we think that some some funny business is going on there. That we can then present to the international community. We will be monitoring that entire time and, by the way, if there is Nuclear Materials on that site, you know, your High School Physics will remind us that it leaves a trace. Host back to that point, the issue of no unannounced visits. Guest i think the president is right in the sense that there are activities which you cannot race in 24 days. But there are also cases where i think a 24 day span is too long. I will give you a very simple example. Lets assume that someone is at the very end of this Nuclear Manufacturing process. They and rich uranium enrich uranium and other compounds. In other words, makes a compound so nuclear makes a nuclear compound. I can say that, based on my past experience that you can hide it in two weeks without any problem. Host before get the phone calls, explain your background. Guest i have a doctorate in Nuclear Science and engineering. And 45 years of expense in safeguards, including 35 years at the iaea. Host and you wanted to respond jekyll guest respond . Guest i want to get back to the process to enterprise manufacture Nuclear Weapons involves a great many steps at different locations. Since the early 1990s after the discoveries in iraq and north korea, in particular, bringing intelligence to the iaea is a reasonably standard practice. And 10 countries have provided intelligence to the iaea on iran already. So the nature of the operations, yes, this particular example of the and of the final steps think taken as one step, but there are many, many steps that preceded that. And also, with the Missile Systems the Missile Systems themselves are a part of the potential military dimensions that are being examined between now and the end of the year. Host and only hidden in, for those are trying to figure out the accent, you are from finland. Guest that is true. I have a background, chemist, a doctorate degree. I have been working with radioactive materials mainly. And in finland, i work with the University Technical Research Center on nuclearbased disposal. And then one day i joined the iaea and originally planned to be the two or three years, but it turned out to be 27 years. Now i am at the school in boston. Host and we have asked what that these gentlemen to come to really look at the inspection process and give you a sense of how it works, what is the role of the iaea and how can iran and other countries to do. Our phone lines are open. Iran has treated in the past. Guest mmhmm. I think olli would know much more specifically than i. Guest yes, and in certain cases, they were very successful in concealing some of the traces. This example i made, for example, with the iaea went to a location where iran was running a small centrifuge, they removed the whole set of equipment there and a couple of weeks time, and if i recall correctly, there was no one uranium particle found. So this is doable and we need to give in our mind that if a state plans to cheat, it makes a plan for it. So it is not that they scratch their heads all of a sudden, now iaea comes, what to do . There is a plan from the beginning. Guest now have an agreements that has been concluded by the five members that is different from any state that has existed before in any condition. Now they are going for it under a new regime with an expectation that iran will honor its obligations, independent or regardless of what it did in the past. There will be eyes on iran, as the president said in his remarks. Everyone is going to be looking for things that show iran is not cooperating fully, that it is impeding the performance of inspections, that it is not providing the information that is expect to, and if it doesnt, then red flags go up. Host have either of you read what the deal is all about . What is your summary . Guest my summary is that this is an agreements that is unparalleled, first of all. President obama introduced a Tuesday Morning by saying it is the strongest negotiated verification arrangement ever conceived. And i emphasize the term negotiated because the iraq arrangements after the gulf war the first gulf war, where even stronger. They allowed the inspectors to get in their own cars and go wherever they wanted without consulting anyone. Here, it is a process which involves a request for access to a given location. And then this period which can be up to 24 days. 24 days exists only in iran. It doesnt of the other 126 states. So first it does this new agreement, it chops the head off the enrichment process. It totally kills any possibility of making bombs from plutonium for the princely will for the foreseeable future, and it stops in arms race if this were to go a different way, this tendency to expect things will somehow be better is an opinion that i cant share. Host a couple of opinions, first from the Weekly Standard, its editorial very critical on the consequences of the deal. The president is right about the historic nature of this deal. It is a catastrophic error and an unforced one. But doesnt prevent iran from having any Nuclear Weapons. At best, it simply kicks the centrifuge a few years down the road and guarantees that when iran goes nuclear, it will do so with a robust infrastructure apple economic resources, and international legitimacy. And inside the Washington Post, iran time for a change in endorsing this agreement and draws comparison to Henry Kissinger and our relations back with china in 1971 when he said without question he was the most radical leader in the world. He didnt quite chant death to america, but beijing sent north korea troops, supplies, and funds to kill american soldiers. One of the most barbaric periods in modern history. Saying now the same could happen between iran and the u. S. Some of those editorials, lets hear from you. Ishmael is joining us from indianapolis, the democrats line. Caller good morning, gentlemen. Thank you for taking my call. Just, you know, a quick comment about this deal. This deal did not take overnight. When you have two countries where they are archenemies for a past decade, and we do have two sides that dont trust each other, mistrust for years and years, we have to look at the Positive Side that this deal needs to be given a chance. President obama on one side with his secretary, mr. Kerry they set for years and months to come to negotiations and have a deal. A deal does not happen overnight. As you gentlemen know, it took forever for them to come to the table to have agreements. So we have rhetorics on both sides of the aisle. On the iranian side and also on the american side. If you look at the media, there is nothing positive about this deal. We have to give this deal a chance to work. I mean, the sanctions can go back. If iran to to get, as you know, the sanctions go back. And they are not going to do it this. Host we will get a response, thanks for the call. Guest i see this as a political deal, in that it has impact for the region. So it doesnt stop the race. The gentleman is right. We will see how this deal can be implemented, but i think it is important at this point in time also to understand the vulnerabilities of the agreement. It is risktaking. There are few activities with iran the Iranian Nuclear program doesnt get resolved 10 years from now, iran starts with low enrichment. 15 years from now, it can start to work even with additional reactors. And it says that it doesnt intend to do reprocessing at this point. So there are many hurdles to come we have to realize that. This is important, that the decisionmakers know these when they make the decision. Host joining us on this sunday morning, Olli Heinonen and thomas shea. You two have worked together . Guest yes. Host lets go to kimberly. Caller good morning. I really dont understand my country or anybody who is making this deal. I would not deal with somebody who i cannot trust for 30 or 40 years. Its certainly wouldnt leave my american citizens in prison and then make a deal with the double. It is crazy. Guest well, we have a negotiated settlement was not only miles the United States, not only involves the United States, but russia, china germany, and france. Those countries have not agreed to try and resolve the nuclear issue. They are not being distracted at this point i other important concerns terrorisms and american hostages, as a case in point. As far as short of war, the only way to resolve differences is through negotiations. Whether this is a good deal or not, it is a deal. It is on the table. The secretly council is going to vote in the next day or two as a draft of the resolution that is available on the web where people to look at, it will go into force. It is hard to project what the future is going to be, but my sense, being an optimist, is that we now have an agreement which we have never had before, which makes a clean slate. What has happened in the past can be forgiving or whatever because that was before in agreement was in place. And now we have an agreement and iran is going to be expected to stick to the letter of it. Host when you were at the iaea did you get tips on maybe violators of Nuclear Facilities . Guest actually, there are various ways how the iaea got this information. Certainly, some Member States provided it to their agencies and through the iaea and certain points and say look, this might be happening at this location. Are you aware about it . And that the agency has to trust this information to act on it. We even got a couple of letters a couple of walkins who came in and told us there were certain activities going on in certain countries. So you put all this together and then use your basic assessment of how to go about it. Host our next call is from los angeles. Tell me what is your name . Did i pronounce that properly . Are you with us . Caller first of all, let me say that i am africanamerican muslim. My ancestors were made slaves by america. My view is that america takes a position from a white racist Christian Point of view. And that the people, the American Government should get out of the affairs of other countries and let them develop on their own, as america had developed. We have the bomb, were the only ones to drop a bomb on somebody. And our meddling in other peoples affairs, you see what it did in iraq. Host we will get a response. Thomas shea. Guest i will tell you that the operation system is on trial. If this does succeed, then the world will be in a position where perhaps no other state could even attempt to acquire a Nuclear Weapon. To the extent that this process succeeds, it draws increasing attention to state that possess Nuclear Weapons, and perhaps there will be more progress in that direction as time goes by. Host you want to follow up . Guest yes, i actually disagree a little bit because what is happening here, there is a country with its which is not in compliance. We strike a deal and they give up their whole uranium enrichment process, which they have. This happens in the area which is very volatile. So you might feel that this is not a good example when we try to solve the problem with north korea. Host our two guests, only candidate, former Deputy Director general for the International Atomic Energy Agency, commonly referred to as the iaea, and thomas shea, who held the title of head of bilateral initiative. A big title. Guest that is one title. I held quite a few in my 25 years. The initiative was a six or undertaking with russia and america to develop a verification system for the Nuclear Materials that would come out of this out Nuclear Weapons. We are hopeful this will have a new life now. Host and both sharing her expertise with all of you talking about the verification process. We spent a lot of time focusing on the debate of this agreement. What we really wanted to drill down into what is the role of the iaea. Joe is joining us, alexandria, virginia. Good morning. Caller good morning. Host good morning, joe. Go ahead. Caller yes, my brother problem is that i dont think anybody wants war anymore. We just go to work, they die. Some get wounded, they come home, they dont get the treatment they are supposed to. We allow israel to come here and tell us what to do. Israel is not part of the United States. Israel is the problem. You know . They cant come here and tell us what to do. We dont go there and tell them what to do. So, if the other world powers agreed with the problem, then lets go for it. Nobody wants war. I think it is a fair deal. Host joe from alexandria virginia. The israeli Prime Minister call this a historic mistake. Guest i can understand mr. Netanyahus position, both from a political point of view and trying to balance the status of forces in that region. And think that this is not going to succeed is an attempt to poison the pool, of course. But im hopeful that the agreement will go forward and that it will have its opportunity to prove its worth. I am confident this is going to be a success. Host from pennsylvania, tom, you are next. Good morning. Caller good morning. Despite some of your guests optimism, it is quite apparent that governments all over the world are in disarray. And for those of us in our country, the United States that have grown dismayed with republicans and democrats, it is pretty difficult to believe that the obama administration, which has demonstrated nothing but incompetence, is all of a sudden going to close the deal with the iran nuclear negotiations. And so, for those of us were skeptics, you cant ignore the politics or the state of the world when forming a conclusion. Governments all over are falling apart. It is because of the incompetence that they have displayed in all areas. And now we are to believe that this deal with iran is what is going to save the world from nuclear holocaust. Host Olli Heinonen, no response. Guest i think this needs some additional measures. This deal will not solve all these problems. That is for sure and i think he is right asking these questions. When has to take care of the concerns of the other countries in the middle east, particularly concerned when iran is great to have this Enrichment Program for decades to come. That is obvious. And i think this is the only thing i can add to that. Then we also have to keep in our minds a couple of other things we have not discussed yet today. The resolution is not yet there but it is part of this package. Also security concerns the language is slightly different. Lets see when this negotiation process is at the end, and then there is another document which the people should look. And this is the iaea roadmap how to assess the socalled tactical military aims of the Iranian Nuclear program. According to the terms, they have to submit an assessment by december. So im sure this will have also impact, even though the milestone itself will not stop the process. Host rob is next, washington dc. Caller thank you. Interesting discussion. The what people are forgetting is that china and russia are also involved. And with the media doesnt want to tell you is that china and russia said do not go, i repeat do not go into iran. Russia is 60 miles away. China has huge amounts of u. S. Debt. All russia did during the the the middle eastern war when israel was going to take over egypt, they started shipping in Nuclear Weapons. So i dont think that, you know 60 miles away, what happens when they ship in 40 or 50 tactical Nuclear Weapons . Im reading in the Washington Post today that the israeli lobby and people on capitol hill act like a bunch of seals every time they talk about israel. Israel is going to let hundreds of millions to persuade is not to sign the deal. You know, israel has over 200 some Nuclear Weapons. They have Nuclear Tipped Missiles and submarines, yet nobody talks about that. What we just tell netanyahu to go home and shoot some palestinian child in the host very colorful commentary and there is a lot of truth to the substance of the opinions and trying to understand why the positions are being taken are being undertaken. Guest i wanted to come back to the point of the general to provide a determination before christmas on the status of what allegedly possible military dimensions to irans program. Just to say that i am certain that iran and the director general have agreed going into this this finding will be favorable because if it isnt, there is no sanctioned relief and iran would not find an agreement without the guarantee of this coming about. My sense is that the director general one never point the finger but he will look forward seeing that the agents words to the effect that the agencys position where it can sustain and implement fully the agreement as it stands in the future. Host how is the iaea governed . Guest there are two governing bodies. I believe that our 176 Member States at the time. There is a large body called the general conference which meets once a year with all states sending delegates. More appropriately and more directly, there is a 35 member board of governors which meets four or five times a year. Days are the ones that provide Immediate Impact on sensitive issues. Those are the want to provide Immediate Impact on sensitive issues. The secretary which is about 120 people is currently pidgeon josh the japanese diplomat the japanese diplomat. Host joining us from florida welcome to the conversation. Caller i do not quite understand how the deal came about with iran dealing with all the other countries and what is doing right now you are handing them 180 billion. How in the world can you trust someone with a 24 day peri before you can inspect. Od i can hide stuff in iran. You cannot tell me that there is not the way to shield the plutonium or the yellowcake from the inspectors if it was done properly because if they are using underground facilities how in the world would you know about anybody inspecting it directly . Host we will get an answer. Guest first, the country is under close scrutiny by its neighbors, israel, the United States and others with satellite imagery. In those cases, they have spies on the ground that can carry out electronic eavesdropping, so their knowledge is much greater than any International Organization can have. As i mentioned earlier in iraq and north korea the providing intelligence became to be part of the overall system so that access to this remarkably strong source is available. Once you know there is a location getting to it is a matter of request. The 24 days may sound like a long time, without their 126 countries that have Additional Protocol to not even have that as the restriction. This is an International Organization that has the balance of respect for the sovereignty of states versus the timeliness to react when there is an indication that something requires some attention. Host 20 month to negotiate this field and 17 days of intense negotiation for the agreement that reached last week. Why did it take so long . Guest iran wanted to keep the nuclear capabilities. As i mentioned, it has [indiscernible] it once to remain with iranian enrichment and it does not seem to have any [indiscernible] it has not designed how it will develop the Nuclear Program in the future. The u. S. Policy and other p5 1 members found that [indiscernible] in the middle east are no good for anyone, so that is why it took so long time and here we have now the compromise in front of us. Also, during that period of time we had to keep in mind that the verification challenge change erratically because when you have no enrichment actually rather than when you have a very large Enrichment Program going on because you can have some elements and those are more difficult to find the individual items. That is why it took so long. Host our two guests, formerly the iaea, ollo heinonen. And this is the tree from a purely sick, couldnt iran store it in a hospital basement and we would never know . The radiation levels could be blend of medical procedures . Is that possible . Guest it is rather low, so provided that containers hermetically sealed, you could hide it virtually anywhere. That i think would be an issue going forward. In the past, iran has chosen to build large scale facilities in remote parts of the country and the first was discovered and revealed by dissidents and the second by satellite imagery. I believe that is on the second one was found. It is likely that if iran were to go forward with the new construction, that it might not choose to do something in the lands but come to a city with smaller facilities and a better hidden location. The more things you do, the more opportunities there are for people to find out and reveal all. Host if you look at some of the facilities we have a tweet from jim who says, gentlemen, why does iran need any centrifuges . Can you buy fuel for Nuclear Reactor from elsewhere . Guest that is what i say, there is a well functioning market for uranium. If there is uranium and nuclear deal, there is a noble production of uranium from the mines, and actually, iran has very little uranium on its soil. That is why the people have enriched upon since about the necessity of having this kind of capability. Going back to the detection. There is one thing which people have to realize from this joint plan of action and timeline. Daiei will be able to conclude by aaai the iaea will be able to conclude sometime between five and eight years, so this is how long we need to wait until we know if there is any undeclared uranium stocks in europe. Host do you want to respond . Guest just from the standpoint that the agreement will enable inspectors to do things that they have not been able to do thus far that it will open doors that have not been opened. I do not see that there is any reason why iran must have enrichment but there is a permission there is a provision that every state has an amiable right so what are called and inalienable right to what are called technologies and capabilities and there is no distinction that enrichment is inherently not the peaceful use of technology, so it is proceeded without any justification that is marketdriven. In the past, it may have difficulty getting uranium because of its Political Activities sponsored terrorism and the like, and going forward, i think there is even less of fuel for the reactor and in the additional reactors russia will provide and spent the will be taken back to russia in the future, making it less and less of an opportunity for mischief. Host what are the inspection causes for this newly reached iran Nuclear Agreement . The debate turned to capitol hill and United Nations and bob joins us from pennsylvania. Thank you for waiting period caller good morning. Thank you for waiting. Caller two good morning gentlemen. Over japan, they had that earthquake and there was a Nuclear Accident and we are still getting radiation in alaska and down the west coast now, say we have an earthquake in iran where it is mainly earthquakes on the west coast of that country. They are taking care of something that is maybe about 6. 7 earthquake, but if they had a seven or 7. 5, where would that radiation go . Straight to peru . And who is going to buy that react or . Host the comment . Guest thank you. I think he hit the point and there are two aspects. First of all, the neighboring states and in particular the gulf countries, co. Eight, kuwait, they are very concerned about the earthquake areas of iran, in particular where the power plant is. Earthquakes will have less impact, for example, but with the people also would like to have iran to do and unfortunately, it is not possible in the agreement, is that iran joined the Nuclear Safety conventions because this is the only country in the world which is having an operating Nuclear Power plant which has not signed up. Host next caller is from overton, nebraska. Good morning. Caller yes, i heard i had to points, i heard that there would be no inspectors from the six nations that negotiated this deal. And also, what makes anybody think that sanctions are taken out his countries doing business and they are the european countries, russia, and china are going to let the sanctions go back . They are not going to force those countries doing business back out of their. Thank you. Host thank you for putting both points on the table. Guest part of any safeguard is under the nonproliferation treaty that is a provision that the state has to accept inspectors that are proposed for carrying out inspection work in that state. Since the Islamic Revolution and problems between the two countries, no americans have been inspected in that period. I believe that is true. Moreover now that we have the agreement, i am sure the israelis know also, i am sure there are chinese inspecting iran and i would not say all of the p5, but they are full of talent and the team that is doing inspections is authorized to choose the best inspectors that are able. Guest in the agreement there is a provision, which is all a bit vague, but it says also inspectors from this p5 1 countries could be designated, so there might be inspectors but not immediately. I would have more so preferred to have formal provision in this agreement and had document of the opportunity to take experts with them, not inspectors but experts so they can look at the areas. Unfortunately, that provision is not there because this would have helped us to protect the u. S. People and others. I went to iran a couple of times, so i think that this is doable. Host when you travel as a team how many inspectors are there . Guest it depends on the cost. If you have a bigger verification when you measure all the nuclear mechanisms and installation, it could be half a dozen. Now i think all the time in iran, there are four to five inspectors. Host when youre at a facility or spy, how long does it take to inspect . Guest it depends on what you will do. He would spend three to four days to go through inventory of the nuclear, but when you go to smaller places, maybe everything is done in half a day. Host do you want to follow . Guest i fully support ollos point. This is true in all countries and this restriction on designations is something which should find a way to allow talent perhaps there could be a roster of inspectors created that would not be on full time at the agency, but just be drawn as needed for talent and in a given area. It is a remarkably specialized area, for example. I would buy to come back to this comment about the sanctions also. It is remarkable to me actually, i believe it is even a miracle that sanctions have been put in and they have been held up for as long as they have which brought iran to the negotiating table finally. If this deal falls apart, i am not optimistic that the parties will agree bringing back the sanctions. The provisions called for a snapback arrangement that is more or less under the authority of the american president whomever she or he may be. Host our guest, thomas shea and ollo heinonen, veterans of the iaea, the International Atomic Energy Agency formed in 1957. Frank is next from california. Good morning. Caller good morning. I remember vividly when this trouble with iran started. It then Prime Minister stated clearly that irans oil reserve would diminish and they needed Atomic Energy to provide power. That was all the reason they did it. At the same time, india made the same request and they were approved to build three power plants without any force at all. The gentleman experts tell me if these power plants were approved in india and operating without no fuss at all and why one country should be treated differently than other . You are. Host thank you, very frank. Guest there was a famous person from the past talking about bringing Nuclear Power to iran back in the sade. Mr. Lillian opposed iran should have 22 Nuclear Power reactors, even at that point. This is a longstanding situation that was a very different relationship between the United States when the shot was in power when the shaw was in power after the revolution in 1979. I have reactions inspections in the reactors in india and two are provided by General Electric and they are under safeguards. There were others provided by canada, and those are still under safeguards and running as well every time india reports the reactor that gets inspected every time it builds its own, it is completely up to it, whether it will operate or not. Host one provide viewers has best treat my overall take away from this segment is that iran deal is way better than the alternative. Agree or disagree . Guest it depends. I do not think it exactly there is a deal and there is a war. There are also things but now we have to face that we have to deal and we have to look how to deal with this deal and then look if people decide to go ahead with that, then they have to decide what is required to take [indiscernible] host lets go to barbara from seattle, washington. Good morning. Caller good morning. And i want to thank the inspectors, the International Atomic Energy Agency for existing and doing their job unlike nrc in the United States and this is what i am more scared of the weapons in the industry here. The head of the nrc was fired and he was by the people who run the nrc in the United States and that is to shield the nuclear Energy Agency which is a joke that it is silly because it is a fig leaf for the militaryindustrial complex. The head of the nrc that tried to not license plants until the fukushima information had come through the hill i do not know if you have read it or heard about it, but the idea that we have plans in this country that should not be licensed and our own government it is not the president , but it is the people who seem to lobby to get their people under the regulatory gun control of the regulatory agencies that scare me. Host barber, two are for the call. We will get a response. Guest first, the weapons industry in the United States has very little connection to the civil use of Nuclear Energy in which i believe there are still 104 operating Nuclear Power reactors in the United States and i believe there are four new ones being constructed now in South Carolina. The one place where there is a connection is where there is a federal Tennessee Valley authority and they will not produce any for the use in american arsenal. Other than that, there is a difference and does not have much to do with iran. Host from north fort myers, florida, richard is next. Good morning. Caller good morning, gentlemen and thank you pursue spent. George was widely criticized for using the words weapons of mass destruction in context in Saddam Husseins Nuclear Program. It was not widely known but about seven years ago, they shipped the last of his yellowcake plutonium uranium somewhere, 3000 metric tons of Yellowcake Uranium and they finally shifted to canada. Cant you gentleman put this to rest what does that prove it Saddam Hussein was working toward a dangerous, Nuclear Policy that in fact could have produced weapons of mass destruction . Two are. Host thank you richard. You are shaking your head. Guest i am nodding yes. I think he got his aspirations of the first gulf war. The Industrial Infrastructure in iraq was to that extent to where it was very difficult for the reconstitute the program. They get some information and some people around, so we do not know if the would not have been such kind of section whether he would have reached it at a later date. Guest i think the reason why it was last shutdown was that people were stealing the drums the yellowcake was in and bringing them home for use. While uranium is not particularly dangerous, you would not want to eat it. Getting this out of the country takes us away. It is still very far away from any Nuclear Weapon capability. Certainly Saddam Hussein had a program. Certainly, if you waited a year or two, the situation may have a radically different. Host lets cut to stand in atlanta, georgia. Good morning. Lets go to stan in atlanta, georgia. Good morning. Caller good morning. The head of the u. S. N. Seems to be there and all the control of weapons and then [indiscernible] second point is, what has the iaea done for sections currently bringing up to date for israel pakistan, i guess india or south africa or whoever is involved or under some sort of you and u. N. I want to hear your comments on that. Host thank you for joining the conversation. Thomas shea . Guest none of the countries that were mentioned are party to the nonproliferation treaty. While inspections are carried out in all of them, except for north korea at the moment, they are done on a piecemeal basis of particular things. North korea was part of the nonproliferation treaty but when it was caught cheating, it withdrew in that situation is still open and north korea now has Nuclear Weapons, so it is a lesson to be learned in that case. I think it is not the iaea in this case but there simply is not a mechanism for to do more in that arena. Host ollo heinonen, your response . Guest what tom said is true. We are limited in those cases. The only person iaea has a place to do inspections is india because of indias undertaking officer number of reactors. And to a certain extent in pakistan. I think the next step to that should be [indiscernible] host i last call is from corpus christi, texas. Steve is on the line. Good morning. Go ahead, steve. Caller ok, i was calling about this everybody keeps harping on this deal that was made. The country is through. We are done so far as war. There is no way that you cannot negotiate with these people. If we have to go to war with iran, so be it. But that would be a decision that would be made by jeb bush, Hillary Clinton, whoever it may be down the line. But we have to let this deal go through as and see what happens. If we have to use force, at least we would have the world behind is unlikely did going in to starting these wars in the gulf with iran and all over there in the middle east. What we need to do is have the world behind us. Obama did the right thing. Get the world behind us and stop all this nitpicking and being from behind, we are of the free world. Guest steve, i think you are absolutely correct. We can always say we can go to war, and even with this new agreement, i think if it is found that iran has violated their provisions, now it has to confront all five of the permanent members of the Security Council and germany and a great many other states that believe the same way that you do, steve. I think if they are caught cheating the next time, the likelihood of war is going to be very substantial. Host lets get a voice from Great Britain because this is carried live on the bbc department channel. We will give you the last word. Good afternoon, martin. Caller hello, thank you for squeezing me in. Host certainly. Caller i just want to ask a very, very simple question and it goes like this is iran developing a nuclear bomb, yes or no . Host you are for the question. Guest i think the jury is still out on that and and i think [indiscernible] december this year. We have to keep in mind that this iran agreement is a little bit limited, so it may be not possible for iaea to come to the final conclusion to that end. Guest i think it is prudent to assume that iran was on the way to making Nuclear Weapons and that it stopped. Maybe it stopped because it realized that it could not succeed and perhaps that it could get out of its dilemma by negotiating a deal which gave it some benefit. By the way, a number of other countries that had programs along the way, sweden had an underground production reactor that was in my walls and subsequent had a program it did not give up until 1987 or thereabouts, so it would be normal for a state to look at what this opportunity would mean should the country perceived or not. Most countries decided not fortunately. Host one question and i will give you a chance to respond. Based on this agreement and what you have read and your experience in iaea, are you confident that the verification process is solid . Guest i think at the Nuclear Facilities and iaea will keep a very good high level of confidence for us that if there is one it will be found. When it comes to the undeclared side, the confidence level will be definitely low. Even if you combine all the information that you have. And then there are elements in the agreement with that are actively unverifiable l. A. We need to keep that also in mind. Guest i completely agreeable i completely agree with that. The iaea faces finding hidden facilities. Are there some that exist now that have not been discovered yet . Will there be new construction that will take place . Eyes are always going to remain on and im hopeful and optimistic and somewhat confident that this is going to be a success. Host thomas shea, ollo heinonen , both veterans of the iaea. Johnson, t wife both for being with us. We appreciate your time on this sunday. In an event to be covered live yesterday in ames, iowa, generating a lot of headlines including this from the Des Moines Register. Donald trumps higher storm could ship the raised. Phone lines are open and we want to get your reaction 2024782004 democrats. 2027488001 four republicans. 2027488002 for independence. Outside of the u. S. , that number is 2027488003. Donald trump on but he said yesterday at the family summit in ames, iowa. We are referring to people as rapists to john mccain, a war hero 5. 5 years as a pow and you call him a dummy, is that appropriate . Donald trump you got to let me speak, frank, because you interrupt all the time. [laughter] frank thats take john mccain, fashion line donald trump we have the meeting at the biltmore hotel, get a call that is turmoil. Thousands and thousands of people are showing up three or four days before pitching tents on the hotel grasp. The hotels is, we cannot handle this. They move it to the convention center. We have 15,000 people, the biggest one ever, bigger than Bernie Sanders bigger than anybody and Everybody Knows it. [laughter] a Beautiful Day with incredible people that were wonderful great americans. I will tell you. John mccain goes, oh boy, trump made my life difficult, he had 15,000 crazies show up. He called them all crazies. Issa they are not crazy. These are great americans. I know what crazy is. I know all about crazy. They were not crazy. So he instructed me, and he instructed everybody in that room and i said, somebody should run against john mccain who has been, in my opinion, not so hot and i supported him for president. I raised 1 million for him. He lost, he let us down, but he lost. I did not like him as much after that because i do not like losers [laughter] frank let me get to it. Frank he is a war hero donald trump he is a war hero because he was captured. He was a war hero because he was captured ok . I believe, perhaps, he is coherent but right now he said some bad things about a lot of people. What i said is john mccain, i disagree with him and these people are not crazy and very importantly, i speak the truth he graduated last in his class at annapolis. I said, nobody knows that. He graduated second to last last in his class at annapolis. And he was upset, why . For telling the truth. It not supposed to say that somebody graduated last or second to last in the class because you are supposed to be very nice. Folks, i want to make America Great again. We want to get down to brass tacks. We do not want to listen to his stuff of being politically correct we have a lot of work to do. Frank, the other day Hillary Clinton got up and she said, i did not like mr. Terms home. Mr. Trumps tone. We have christians having their head cut off in the middle east. We have people dying all over the border, where i was right 100 right. We have all of this like Medieval Times and she said, i did not like his tone. You know what . Jeb bush, i do not like his tone. What is it with tell . But is it with tone . We dont want we want results. [applause] host your reaction to comments by donald trump. And i coverage on friday evening of all five democrats in cedar rapids iowa is online at www. Cspan. Org and available any time. We hope you check it out. Went to think of the comments of donald trump. Does get to your phone calls first a couple of tweets from the 2012 mitt romney. He said he stop the endorsement of donald trump and so the difference between john mccain and Donald Trump Trump shot himself down. Mccain and American Veterans are true heroes. And jeb bush with this to meet and that with the slanderous attacks. Senator john mccain and all bedrooms, particularly pows, have earned our respect and admiration. Ale joins us from new york, the line for democrats. Good morning. Caller good morning. Thank you for taking my call. What i said to this person who spoke first i think donald trump, they talk about the fact that he tells the truth and straight talking and stuff like that. I think he is careless. I think words are important and i want a careful president. People talk about Hillary Clinton being scripted. She is doubtful. We need a thoughtful person in the office. Compare john kerry and donald trump. Who is a person that you would want to be a leader . And i hope people wake up. I think this last comment is not a last comment for him. He will make other comments that are outrageous because he is not thoughtful he is not careful he is careless. Thank you very much. Host gail from new york. Political begins with this story donald trump may finally have crossed the line. The headline as he attacked senator john mccain i like people who are not captured. The real estate local the to his running fee with the arizona senator and took it to a new level. Next is cliff joining us also on the democrat line from maryland. Good morning. Caller i listened to the whole thing in context when you played it a few minutes ago. When i first heard it, i was appalled. Trump does run his mouth off a little bit. I do not think it was that dad. What i think the mistake was his when he was asked about it later, he kind of handed hard. I think of trump cannot answer and said, look, i misspoke, it was wrong and he should call up cindy mccain and say, i apologize because sometimes it is hard to know if they will take trump seriously or not but i think there is a bit of an overreaction but i think he could solve it if you just apologized there he clearly. Thank you a lot. Host the News Conference that took place afterwards in courtesy of the Des Moines Register and here is what donald trump have to say. Donald trump the people that do not get captured im not supposed to like . Why would you say that in the context of john mccain . Donald trump i like the people that do not get captured. You have many people who do not get captured. I respect that greatly. You have people who got captured, i respect that greatly. What . John mccain has not done enough for the veterans. The veterans of this country are suffering, the veterans are treated as a third class citizens. John mccain talks a lot but he does not do anything. John mccain has not done enough for the veterans of this country. And when john mccain calls 15,000 people that showed up in phoenix, arizona, to talk about illegal immigration and causing a bunch of crazies, he is doing a great disservice. I do not like the job john mccain is doing in the senate because he is not taking care of our veterans. Host that was after his comments at the family summit in ames, iowa. We covered the entire event at their website at www. Cspan. Org. Steve joins us from new jersey on the independent line. Your reaction to what donald trump said yesterday . Caller donald trump [indiscernible] he will not have any influence at all. He has made other outrageous remarks so that is what i feel. Let me ask you something. I was trying to get through with one of the iaea people and did we answer the difference between the agreement we had before they got the bomb and agreement now we have at iran . The difference . Did they mention that . Host yes, thomas shea talked about that. Caller good. I will get that off the video library. Host the video has been posted on the website. Thank you for your call. This is the senator ted cruz without the benefit and he has been defending donald trump and he has said, john mccain is an American Hero. Although we have some policy disagreements, i am proud to serve alongside tim. This tweet from cash quote senator mccain is an American Hero because he served his country and sacrifice more than most can imagine. Period. There is no place in our party or our country for, is that disparage those who have served honorably. Good morning. Caller steve, love cspan and i agree with what my man ted cruz said. I think mccain is definitely a war hero and admire him very much but i agree with ted that i do not agree with how he spoke. I think he ought to be replaced but he certainly is a war hero. Either way, we have invited kreuz to come to the barbecue and i hope you will cover if he comes to eat. Host thank you, joe, we love to hear from you once a month, so we will hear from you sometime in august, late august . Caller yeah, you are great steve. Keep up the good work and go ted cruz. Host this is from the weekly after decades of battling the haters in the media, she still wants us to meet the real her. Then next call is robert from henderson, new york. Welcome to the conversation. Caller actually, steve, it is henderson, kentucky. Host i apologize. Give way. Caller i am a regular caller, i have called over the many years. Mr. Trump, as a black man donald trump at the business acumen he has should know better. Like people spend 1. 3 two in dollars in the economy and im sure hispanics spend a lot. There are a lot of black hispanics, particularly cuba and the Dominican Republic so he has offended people that could affect its bottom line. He has a base that he is appealing to but he is a full. He is ignorant unintelligent and his questioning of obamas whether or not he is an american, i remember Warren Buffett dont deem calling it a bluff and donating one Million Dollars to a charity if he could prove he is from also a you never heard from donald trump after because he is a clown and need to go back to the circus where he came from. He is a full. Have a nice day. Host robert, two off of the call. Karen buchanan has missed 3 what scares me more than the possible Trump Presidency is those supporting him through things he is a serious candidate. William with the Brookings Institution has a piece this morning inside the Washington Post. Stop walking at donald trump. His essay looks at the billionaire who doesnt speak for a large part of the electorate. He made a reference to this bottom majority and a reference to what nixon used back in 19 88 and again in 1972 for his own election and reelection. Just going to read one paragraph from what he writes this morning in the Washington Post. He says terms of messages a call to the 1950s american greatness and a simmering mad as hell populism that blames chinese imports, freeloading saudis, and mexican immigrants for the nations ills. Again, william fry from the Brookings Institution this morning inside the Washington Post. Rick perry hasnt this tweet and he was in attendance yesterday praising those who have served in the military saying, prompts comments today make him unfit to be commander in chief. Earlier in this hour on the scene in state of the union, jake with marco rubio and here is that exchange. This is not just an insult to john mccain who is clearly a war hero and a great man but an instant an insult to offer debbies and men and women in uniform weapon captured in battle. This somehow makes the assumption for saying that somehow if youre captured in battle you are less worthy of honor than someone who is not. It is not just absurd, it is offensive, ridiculous, and i do think it is a disqualifier as commanderinchief. Host headline from the new york post, the headline, bon voyage. From Houston Texas on the democrat line. Good morning. Caller good morning. I think john mccain was a narcissist of the war story. View can have a lot of money and still be an idiot. The things that he said are just really terrible. I am a democrat and i respect john mccain and when he did for this country and i would just think it is terrible that he would save these things about mrs. Kane about john mccain or any vendor in and i thank you. Host when john mccain calls 15,000 americans crazies, he deserves a punch in the face. Trump did the equipment with his verbal charge. That is from our viewers tweet. On the republican line, bob joins us from chapel hill, North Carolina. Your take on this . Caller thank you for taking my call. Listen, i listen to donald trump and i think a lot of times is mouth works before his mind does. One of the other comments he made was about john mccain finishing last in his class at annapolis. I recently heard that mr. Donald trump is refusing to release his transcripts from the wharton school, maybe you should step up and see exactly where he stood. Some of the things he says clearly indicates that he has made a lot of money but he is not the brightest bold and i think people need to dig a little bit deeper into mr. Trump. Two host thank you for the call. From our friend kiki, i do not think trump is toast. That is his base. Lol. I know john mccain, sender john mccain is an American Hero. Period. Stop. From governor bobby jindal after donald trump spends six years in a pow camp, he can weigh in on john mccains service. And Rick Santorum at this tweet senator john mccain is an American Hero. Period. From the bronx, good morning. Caller good morning. I would like to say, i do not know how anyone can take donald trump seriously as a president ial candidate. He is a joke. He will continue to say things. I am not surprised he doesnt come out to call president obama a ni host i will stop you there. You did cross the line, paris spec but we do appreciate your phone call. Please have respect but we do appreciate your phone call. The headline seeing a crowded republican field, top donors are withholding cash. Jack is from North Carolina. Good morning on the independent line. Caller thank you for taking my call. First of all donald trump seems to personify the sum and substance of the Republican Party for the last eight years. Here is the irony of his comment. Just a few years ago, the Republican Party ranted and raved over john kerrys vietnam record and he was a decorated metal of Vietnam Veterans and what was the way they used . What was it . River voted a line host swift voted. Caller that is correct. And now one of their own heroes and they are all open air over and. It is just the hypocrisy of this Republican Party. It really turns me off big time and i used to be republican for 42 years. I voted republican but i will never vote or them again beginning back at the george bush era. To live for taking my call. Host marks et al. Of senator ted cruz yesterday in ames iowa. He is a Bloomberg Politics and he said he will not go into the gutter to attack companies that they are writing their own campaigns, they can make their decisions. I will not go to the gutter with personal attacks in puny character. Senator cruzs refusal to distance himself or even comment on what trump said leaves and isolated within hours of Donald Trumps comments and most of the other republican contenders rushed to defend john mccain, condemning donald trump or both. Or both. Senator ted cruz trade john mccain for his service even though the two of policy differences. You may remember that senator john mccain referred to senator ted cruz as a whacko bird during the filibuster debate led by ted cruz. Lets go to check from North Carolina. Good morning. Caller thank you for taking my call. One of the rings i wanted to say was personal, i love seeing so many people from North Carolina being in here. That tells me people are paying attention and getting involved and engaged and that is a good sign. One thing is, i do want to kind of defendant donald trump in one aspect. I do not know if he was perfect for being president , obviously, he has credentials to create economic positive aspects because of the fact that he is obviously as rich as he is, i do not know if that is 100 that he should be president and i do it is a i support john mccain. I have been in two different wars, two different rankings of service, a long time, so i definitely appreciate his service to our country and i have always respected him if for no other reason just that. Host this is a headline from political. Com pick up another viewing saying, trump does not speak before he thinks and that he is too narcissistic to correct himself. The next caller is from new mexico, debbie is on the line for independents. Caller i was going to say the same thing about what they did to kerry. Dont these guys look pass anything more than yesterday . They really tore into him with swift boating and it was like it was acceptable and now one of their own turns around and does it and it is a big deal . I went on john mccains Facebook Page to check it out and there was a lot of support from constituents that do not like him, they talk about his recklessness destroying all sorts of stuff so whether he is a hero or not, i find it kind of funny that when one of their own does it it is a big deal but they had no problem doing it. The guy from North Carolina couple of calls back, i agree with him and thank you for letting me talk. Host debbie from new mexico and this is another call from North Carolina, brian. Republican line. Good morning, brian. Caller good morning. I want to separate from what was said to who said it. I do not care that trump said it but i agree. The problem is that war hero is widely overused and they forgot what it means and what the truth about mccain was that he was the fifth from the bottom of his class. He was admiral assignment and the grandson of an admiral driving around in his corvettes in the 1950s at annapolis. I believe it was once or twice one or two while he was trying he lost the plane and then got shot down again over vietnam. He is certainly due respect and honor, but he is not a war hero. That is the difference. It is the hero part, not the honor and respect, so he certainly deserves respect and honor, but he is not a hero. The people, murphy or whatever his name is, people who storm the people who not only get purple heart sports superstars and these sorts of things that do courageous, above and beyond the call of duty pay, those are heroes. Not just somebody who went and lands at the bottom of his class and got there because he was the son and grandson of a previous admiral. This is the problem, do you see what im saying . He was fed with a silver spoon and annapolisbred that he lost three planes. Not just the one time getting shot down. This guy was a horrible pilot. Host brian from North Carolina. This is the headline the trump firestorm could shift the race. They say Donald Trumps insults on john mccain at a president ial forum on saturday drawing sharp and immediate combination across the republican spectrum. This would nearly unanimous on the from terms comments questioning john mccains war heroism. The next caller is from georgia on the democrat line. Gary, good morning. Caller hey, what is going on . Host how are you today . Caller i am all right. I was in iraq in early 2000 and i was almost captured because i was lost and i ended up finding my way back. I was with another guy. The feeling i had at the time, i would not wish it on anybody and he showed me pictures of where he was from. He had a nice house, nice car. Where i was from wasnt so nice but what canceled all of that out was we were at the same place at the same time and doing the same thing, so none of them materials mattered. It was asked staying together. Host gary from georgia. Senior advisor to president barack obama and the Campaign Strategist to the 20082000 12 campaign had this in outlook section of the Washington Post. Bernie sanders is no barack obama and 2016 is not too thousand eight, that is from his essay on the democratic field where Bernie Sanders is an Hillary Clintons assumptive favorite to get the endemic the democratic nomination. Next call is are brought from maryland. Democrat line. Next call is barbara from maryland. Democrat line. Your reaction to donald trump. Caller my comment is a he should not be allowed to be put on tv every times he runs his big mouth. We are constantly putting him in the spotlight. That is what he wants. He wants to run his mouth and then it not to be put in the spotlight and he can be photographed everywhere. This is when he wants. Shut him down let him run his mouth on his own. He should not be publicized by anyone because to me, he needs to go get psychiatric help. Host barbara, if you look at all the National Polls he is in the top tier and in some polls he is leading the republican race nationally. Caller there is no difference. His comments are not a part of the American People. People know how ignorant he can act and those who are following him are in the same category that he is. Let him run his mouth but let him run his mouth to the people who want to listen. We do not need to publicize everything he says. I do not care if he is in the top. I do not think this country would even think of putting some of my donald trump as the head of this country. I do not think they would. I think there are talented people of america and they would never, ever go putting anyone with that type of thinking as the leader of this country. Host thank you for the call. Fox news out with a poll on friday showing nationally that donald trump is ahead. You can check it out at foxnews. Com. The first Republican Debate will take lace on august 6 in cleveland, ohio. At the arena, also the site of the Republican Convention next year and that will air on the fox news channel. David joining us next from maine. Good morning to you. Date, good morning . Caller i dont think anybody can argue that senator mccain served honorably, the question that many people have in their minds is what sets them apart from the other thousands of servicemembers who served who were held there against their will who were also subject and they have never been heralded as heroes ever . And yet, mr. Mccain, because of his status, his family background, has been singled out, so i respect john mccains service, but he did his duty. It was his duty as a prisoner of war to reveal only his name, his rank and service number. That was his duty and he understood that when he took that oath to serve that this was a condition to that. You know, i mean, he carried out his duty as hundreds of thousands of servicemembers have and we have never heralded them as heroes for carrying out their duty. I am a veteran. I served in the navy so i know you know, i just do not understand. I think the issue is, why has he been singled out for performing his duties as being a hero, i guess . Thank you very much. Have a great day. Host it is available on the website at www. Cspan. Org. We carried it live. The last call is a maryland on republican line. Joann, your take on this . Caller i would like to thank donald trump for speaking out. I appreciate his freedom of speech. Now our veterans may be noticed. I pray they will. Thank you. Host will you support donald trump in the upcoming primaries, joanne . Caller yes, i will. Host why . Caller because he is speaking for the middle class people. We the people. Host you think he can get the nomination . Caller i hope so unless the Republican Party decides he cannot. Host joanne from maryland, thank you for the call. We have invited all the democratic and republican candidates to sit down and talk about their life story. What made them interested in politics and the events that shaped their lives and careers. Tonight at 6 30 eastern time, conversation with senator Lindsey Graham and then at 7 15 eastern time, Governor John Kasich who is expected to enter the race on tuesday and ohio. During part of the interview, we asked him about the events on august the 20th of 1987 his parents were killed by a drunk driver. It was deeply personal, but what i will tell you is when i was a boy, my father would go to pick my mother up late at night after a job and i was always concerned that they would not come back because my dad drove on the street that i thought was dangerous. Years later, i get the phone call and what i had worried about past the kid happened. I will tell you is it was an extremely dark time and but the rebel, i found but through it all i found the meaning of faith. Not that that is that great, cs lewis writes that he understands the principles but he violates most of them [laughter] so but it changed my life. It is not a good way to have your life changed but it is a reality of it. As a result of it, i have become a better man, so my parents did not ride in vain. It was very difficult on our family did not die in vain. It was very difficult on our family. I have felt for many years that im able to talk about their tragedies because you go through it and you enter that club. It is not a club anybody wants to be in, sudden tragedy, but it happens all the time and when i read about it, i see it heartfelt and it is deep in my soul. Host the full interview is on www. Cspan. Org. It ends it airs tonight at 7 15 as part of our road to the white house and quote road to the white house coverage. We will continue the conversation tomorrow on washington journal and it is at 7 00 a. M. More on the deal with iran and the lobbying efforts going on in washington. Also, we will check in with andrew selee to talk about mexicos fight on organized crime and money and politics, Dave Leventhal of the center for Public Integrity who is winning the money race in campaign 2016 . We hope you two in tomorrow morning. Newsmakers is coming up next. Thank you for joining us on this sunday. I hope you enjoy the rest of your weekend and have a great week ahead. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] next, newsmakers with