Transcripts For CNN Fareed Zakaria GPS 20240909

Oldschool pills cia sparks are right for you at Rodak Coast last spoke im Katie Bo Lillis in Washington And Vif is cnn this is gps, the Global Public Square welcome to all of you in the United States and Around The World. Im Fareed Zakaria coming to you from new York Today on the program as the Death Toll in Gaza Tops 40,000 israel continues to reel from the murders of six hostages both sides grow ever more weary of War A Peace Plan has just been put out by a former Prime Minister of israel and a former Foreign Minister of the Palestinian Authority could it work will those with the power to agree to a ceasefire, even entertainment . Ill talk to the men behind the proposal would olmert and nasser Alkidwa Plus Dana bash on the most violent election in American History. Youve all Noah Harari on the danger, a. I poses to democracy but first heres my take the great german Statesman Otto one, bismarck is reputed to have one said that god has a Special Providence for fools drunkards, and the United States of america, it might never actually said that, but it captures the sense that many Around The World have at americas continue the new inability to surprise on the upside. In the words of a Businessman Friend of mine. But it remains unclear as to whether the incumbent party, the democrats, will be able to benefit from this good fortune the latest evidence for its Special Providence is that the United States appears to be doing the near him possible, getting inflation down far and fast without triggering a deep recession. The former federal Reserve Vice Chairman Alan Blinder points out that using strict definitions the United States has been able to achieve such a soft landing. Only once before in the past 60 years. In recent remarks, jerome powell, the chairman of the fed, has all but declared victory and he deserves considerable praise for getting the balance of policy about right through some very treacherous times. The u. S economy currently has low inflation, low unemployment, a booming Manufacturing And Dominance in technologies of the future like a. I. And Gene Editing even rising inequality, which has soared for decades, has recently abated and yet, these factors are not giving the incumbent democrat see Advantage One might have expected in most polls, Donald Trump continues to lead Kamala Harris on the question of who would better handle the economy though by less than he led Joe Biden more broadly, the race remains virtually tied. While harris had improved on bidens disastrous standing, her standing in the race, both nationally and in Swing States lags behind where Hillary Clinton and Joe Biden stood at this point in their races against trump when you consider that trump could do better than he is in current polling, which happened do to Polling Errors in both 2016 and 2020 the race remains a tossup in The End, as ive pointed out, this election will not be fought over economics the most recent reminder of the political mood in the western world comes from germany. For many years. Even as rightwing populism surged elsewhere, it did not take hold in germany until the last year or so, the small rightwing populist party, the alternative for germany remained marginalized, but it now looks like the small, not likely to be marginalized for much longer it, won one recent german State Election a first for a farright parties since the Nazi Era came a very close second in another state. And is vying for the top spot in a third state. It looks poised to become germanys second political party after the center right cdu as with many rightwing populist parties, the Afds Rise can be largely credited to the politics of immigration. The story is a familiar one. As long as mainstream Political Parties turn a blind eye to the seismic shifts taking place relating to immigration they are in danger of being outflanked by the popular strike in the netherlands. Good builders has also gone from being an Extremist Firebrand with whom few would ally to the leading political Player And Kingmaker in the recent dutch elections there are strategies to blunt the populist Rights Appeal in denmark, the centrist parties have adopted a very tough line on immigration and assimilation. Tough enough to be criticized by many mainstream politicians. But the result has been that populism, which fled up in past elections seems at bay in that country. And poland, the centerright party of Donald Tusk for this election, not on immigration, but over the future of democracy in poland and its membership in the european union, both popular positions in that country in the United States, immigration remains a Core Concern and Wall Street Journal polls, it was either close to the top or at the very top of voters concerns, both nationally and in Swing States Kamala Harris has been able to effectively blunt some of trumps appeal on this issue by pointing out that he squashed it tough border protection bill, mostly written by republicans. But she may need to do more many commentators believe that the Trump Phenomenon is a fluke fueled by his celebrity and almost cultlike following some of that is true, but rightwing Populism Isnt going anywhere. Fueled as it is by a deep backlash against the economic, political, and cultural openness of the last few decades. And the urban elite it spawned look at your, look even at countries like turkey and india, where leaders have allied themselves with those opposed to liberal cosmopolitan elites. Look at the republican party, which now has no home for people like george w bush, mitt romney, liz cheney, paul ryan, and even Mitch Mcconnell leaders who once define the Party Trump could win. But even if he loses, his movement and rightwing populism are here to stay go to cnn. Com Slash Fareed for link to my Washington Post Column this week. And lets get started this Week A. Senior u. S. Official said negotiators, when 90 of the way to a deal between israel and hamas included in that agreement are plans for a ceasefire and for hamas to release the hostages but perhaps thats senior official was surprised when in an interview on Fox News thursday morning, Benjamin Netanyahu said unequivocally theres not a deal in the making. Unfortunately, it is not close. So if not that deal, then what my next guest, top former officials from Israel And Gaza have a plan, a new plan and Who Omer was the 12th Prime Minister of israel. And Nasser Alkidwa was the Foreign Minister of the Palestinian Authority i want to welcome both of you. And did notice is a very rare moment to have two of you on the same platform. I dont believe youve had a prominent is rarely in a prominent palestinian for a long time but let me begin by asking you, tell us what your what is your impression of what is going on in israel . The right now, there are these protests. There is great sadness obviously about the, the brutal murder of the six hostages. What is the political consequences . Are we at some kind of a potential Inflection Point . I believe that we are close to a Turning Point we have to make a deal in a completely trust the announcement by the White House that they have an idea for a deal which can work if the israeli Prime Minister will agree to do it. He doesnt want to do it, not because of any reasonable reason. Regarding the security of the national interest of the state of israel but rather because he doesnt fit in with his own personal considerations and political interests. And this is quite obvious to everyone in israel and his former partners to the coalition generous the former chiefs of staff guns, and ice who knows something about military in something about the Philadelphi Corridor are saying that this is nonsense. This is not an excuse. This is not a reason. He simply doesnt want to end the war. The only way to reach an agreement at The End of the day is to end the war between us and the but as stints in gaza and to embark on a new different direction that dr. Nasser alkidwa and myself thought about and talked about and wrote about now alkidwa when i look at this plan, it feels to me like you are coming back to something that has been proposed again and again and it hasnt worked for whatever reason, why well why will a Twostate Solution proposed this time work when it didnt, didnt do thousand, when it didnt win, a hoodie, ahmed proposed it too. Mohsen. So why is this plan different from the other plans i think we need to be clear about what we have enhanced this is not a plan, not a comprehensive plan, but this is very important mutual proposal on the most important three issues and namely the situation does the war in Gaza And Need for immediate cessation. And the political solution in the form of the two states as well as the future of jerusalem. Now, to answer your questions, why it might work this time while it did not work can the past, the answer might be simple because of the war, because i believe that the people on both sides have become tired of the War And they want to see an end of the War And a substitute to the wall. So what is the substitute . The substitute is what we said in our mutual proposal. In terms of ending the War And the meaning of the ceasefire, the release of all hostages, the release of the agreed number of palestinian prisoners. The full withdrawal of israeli troops, the stablished meant of a governmental body in the form of a transitional council of commissioners in gaza that is organically linked to the Palestinian Authority. We dont want to create any different entities in the west bank. On the contrary, we want to maintain the territorial integrity and the unity of the palestinian people. You know, there is an alltime im not of the war that we can do it together in a different way, that we dont need to go the same path of killing, of maiming people, of bloodbath that we see in gaza. We have to end that. And the alternative is definitely the road of debate. The road of reconciliation the road of a political solution. And yes, two states, israel and palestine, based on the mutual recognition on the basis of 1967, borders with, by the way, the territorial solution that was proposed by Prime Minister olmert, the four 4. 4 of the territory that is too be exchanged in this swap between the two states when i look at israel now, it feels to me thats the political support for a Twostate Solution, which is at the heart of your proposal just has evaporated it was there in 2000 maybe it was there when you are proposing it, but today i mean, if you look at any indication that the left of the israeli political spectrum essentially has vanished. I mean, labor is down to three seats. If you look at what the knesset did when they passed a resolution, that said there will be no Twostate Solution that was that was voted for by many more members than bibi netanyahus coalition. A very thumping majority of the knesset voted for letting only eight people voted against so at this moment, it feels like israel, its just not going to go for a Twostate Solution. This is precisely the reason why we have to put it right now on the agenda its time to change direction. We are going to defeat hamas. We already defeated hamas maybe will kill few more and there will not be any hamas left. What then . There are 6 Million palestinians. I commend dr. Alkidwa for his courage to understand that this is not the time for avenging each other. This is the time for moving away from the bleeding of this terrible confrontation that we had it into a direction that may offer a new horizon. And thats we are trying to do. Its highly unpopular maybe now amongst them and amongst us when it will become popular, it will be very easy its now difficult, therefore, its the time now to strength forward without any fear and to understand that we are fulfilling a mission that will change the middle east. And maybe it will change The World. Next on gps. And in this scenario what does one do about it . Hamas, i ask Nasser Alkidwa and Who Omer when we come back a cnn special event, the abc News President ial debate tuesday at nine On Cnn. Youll love this Centrum Silver is clinically proven to support memory in older adults. So you can keep saying big, you nailed it with Centrum Silver clinically proven to support memory in older adults detect this. Living with hiv. Robert learned he can stay undetectable with fewer medicines. Thats why he switched to Nevado Divider was a complete Hiv Treatment for some adults. 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But even in the west bank, one of the reasons the Palestinian Authority doesnt want to hold elections is because hamas might win what do you do about hamas can it, can it have a role . Given this political legitimacy that it has among a large segment of the palestinian people with regard to hamas, lets start by presenting an alternative an alternative for better future for better life for the palestinian people and their kids and their children, for better education, for better economic situation, for better opportunities, et cetera, et cetera. So its not a matter of being tested. The palestinian people being tested every few weeks, or they should cooperate and certain way you know, but its a matter of providing them with better option. So lets start from here. Secondly, i think that in any way that result of this war will be clear. I said repeatedly that this war would lead to a new israeli, government to a new palestinian leadership and to a new hamas. And i still say that i dont, i dont hesitate and saying that and we need to have different kind of situation in gaza. Now what we propose here is do have a governmental body composed of commissioners transitional body of gaza commissioners with some kind of organic linkage between that counsel and the Palestinian Authority to ensure the territorial integrity and the unity of the people and of the land. But that body should be formed a light of consultation with every factions without direct participation of any factions because this is not, this should not be a place for political representation. There should be a place of good people that are able to do the job. They are trusted by. Their population and they trusted by the international community, by the donors community. And they again, or they have the abilities to fulfill the job. And to really start rebuilding gaza, which is money mental, job, very difficult, but it has to be done anyway do you think that your plan rests on a change in government in israeli another words, is there any chance that bibi netanyahu would go for this and if not do you think its conceivable that another rightwing Prime Minister, because i i think thats whats in the cards and Naftali Bennett are an avid or libin would they go along with this plan or do you need a political transformation of israel where somehow you get a moderate who becomes frozen, tell you for it. I always thought before i was Prime Minister while i was by mean, when i worked with other Prime Ministers and watch where leaders at the ultimate measure for great leadership is the ability when the time comes to do the opposite of everything that you ever promised to do, because this is what needs to be done now this is what pronoun him begging the when he pulled out entirely from sinai. This is what i actually did when he pulled out entirely from gaza this is not what netanyahu is going to do because hes not a great leader. He is not churchill. And hes not roosevelt and hes not even Chamber Line and im afraid that none of the possible contenders in the state of israel presently are capable of taking this decision because none of those people in different positions are prepared to do that, which looks to be unpopular at the moment, but which is the only possible way for then how chain allies the public opinion the lack of solution, the fear of continued confrontations and violence, and terror, and what some of the partners of netanya warned very much like Ben Gvir and smotrich, which will ultimately lead into new elections, which i believe will take place one of them most people think perhaps at the beginning of 2025, this will create a new government. And when there will be a new government, the leadership that will understand will take over. Do you want to run i want a new leadership in the state of israel and well see what comes up. I will not talk about my own personal plans before i know that the elections for reasons which can you can understand, who ramette Nasser Alkidwa. Thank you both for coming together and for talking to us about this important proposal. Thank you next on gps. What can the most violent election in American History teach us about this Years President ial race my colleague Dana Bash, will join me to discuss a fascinating new book that shes written choose advil, liquid gels for faster, stronger, and longer lasting relief than tylenol rapid release joe because advil Targets Pain at the source of inflammation. 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She is, of course the coanchor of Cnn State of the union, and has coauthored a new Book Called Americas deadliest election it tells the Cautionary Tale of the 18, 72 Louisiana Gubernatorial who election held amidst the extraordinary dysfunction in that state after the civil war. The Rancor And Chaos brought about the Colfax Massacre. A racist massacre, which left at least 150 black men dead Dana Bash joins me now. Welcome, dan. What do you think when you look at that . Periods polarization how much is it similar . How much is it different from ours well, ill start with how it is similar, and that is the rancor around the electoral system. And the right to vote and who is going to vote, how theyre going to vote. Was whitehot back then back then it was about one thing and one thing only it was racism it was the south, which it was still reeling from losing the civil war, trying to hold our grasp on the notion that blacks should not be as equal in society as they and they realized in the first couple of elections after the civil war, during reconstruction that they could easily, blacks could easily get more rights with the simple power of the vote. And they were determined to stop people of color from using that, right . And it was all about that one notion, which is race. And all of that, then translates into a disputed president ial election that has to meet eerie parallels so tell us what happens in 18, 76 because you have the thing that people fear in a state like pennsylvania so explain it with that in mind. Yes. The elections were impossible to really decipher in louisiana and in three other states. So when it got to the Electoral College and when it got to congress, when they were going to certify the votes, they got to slates of electors because there could not be any Kind And Unity in decision inside the states. Those four states in 18, 76 by the time the congress had to deal with it they had to throw those votes out from those four states. And they had a tie in the Electoral College. And it was decided then that the Vice President s role oh, it was only ceremonial that he could not make choices. And that was obviously the same decision that Mike Pence used. I dont know, 150 years later tell us about the Colfax Massacre and what to you what is the significance of it . Why did it happen . You know how should we think about it we should think about this massacre as something that everybody an america should understand that it was brutal, it was around the 18, 72 election, 150 black men were slaughtered in Cold Blood in Grant Parish in louisiana, colfax. And they were killed just for one reason is because they were pushing for their votes to be counted and the result of that, the prosecution of that horrible massacre was done in Federal Court when all the way up to the Supreme Court, and the Supreme Court decision, a famous decision called Crook Schanck said that it is not the federal Governments Job to decide civil rights and civil rights generally. And also within the election laws, its up to the states and so louisiana and other states said, fantastic. We will take it upon ourselves and they imposed Jim Crow Laws that were the Law Of The Land in across the south for a century. And thats how we got jim crow. I think about that sliding Doors Movie and the notion of it. What could have happened for read if the decisions were not made to try try the Colfax Massacre case in Federal Court that allowed the Supreme Court just do what it did. What if President Hayes did not get the presidency with a wink and a Nod Deal to pull federal troops out who were kind of in and out of the south, protecting the rights of black americans. Post civil War And during reconstruction effectively ending reconstruction, what if that didnt happen we would be in such a different place with regard to racial economic all of the big big problems that have plagued u. S since the Original Sin of slavery, the book really highlights how elections have consequences and mean and consequential elections. At Inflection Points have huge consequences forever. Dana bash, thank you so much. Pleasure to have you so much for having me. Thank you next on Gps Questions swirl about how to keep The World safe from the many risks that a. I could pose. My next guest, you yuval noNoah Harari, has ideas on Jus Howe can do that. Well be back in a moment the tv moments that took culture over the edge. 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We have a transparent fee structured, soe do better when you do better at Fisher Investments were clearly different Anderson Cooper 360 Week Today On Cnn artificial intelligence has made a Grand Entrance Into Global Public Consciousness over the past few years. Its positive applications. See nearly limitless as do the potential risks that poses but my next guest says that many of the problems posed by a. I. Or not new. And to understand how the combat them, we can look to the history of how humans spread and receive information. Youve Noah Harari is an israeli Historian And Writer is forthcoming book is nexus, a brief history of Information Networks from the Stone Age to a. I you are welcome you do this thing better than almost anybody, which is to step back and take a look at the broader sweep of history which you did. So beautifully in sapiens tell us when you look at a. I. And you think about the other example, people often talk about is gutenberg and the invention of the Printing Press how similar is it . How different is it from other bursts of Information Technology in human history . In one way, its completely different from anything weve seen before, because its the first technology which isnt a tool. Its an agent it can make decisions by itself. It can create new ideas by itself gutenbergs our press could copy our ideas, but it could not create new texts. And if we were in control, we were in complete control. A. I. In contrast, its an agent. It starts to make independent decisions and it can even create new texts, images, videos, and so forth. So in this sense, it, its very different. And the big danger is that it will escape our control, something that the Printing Press could, could never do. Now that we have totally democratize the production of information and that a. I. Makes the production of highly sophisticated seeming information easy why well truth will be the small, lonely island yeah. And as you say, i mean, think about a place like cnn and the New York times, its costly. You have to have factcheckers. You have to have reporters, you have to go back and forth meanwhile the jump look, the disinformation, of course, is go, there is going to be much more of it because they dont need any of that apparatus. Its cheap and its attractive. I mean, the truth is not only costly, the truth is often complicated because the reality is complicated, whereas fiction can be as simple as you would like it to be. And the truth is often painful weather as individuals or as entire nations often we dont want to hear the truth about ourselves whereas fiction can be made very flattering so the truth is at a disadvantage, and its the responsibility of people who run large Media Companies to make the right investments and this again, this is something we learned with every previous wave of new information patient technology. And now the tech giants, they are telling us that this history doesnt apply to us and they very often try to kind of divert the conversation to Freedom Of Speech. They say, we dont want to censor anybody but the problem is not Freedom Of Speech. The problem is that their algorithms of Twitter And Facebook and so forth, they deliberately promote information that captures our attention, even if its not true and when people complain about it, they say, but how can we tell what is true and what isnt true . The same way that people at cnn and the people at the New York times, and the people for centuries have developed mechanisms to tell whether a story is true or not. And if you dont have these mechanisms, youre in the wrong business. You say that this whole problem becomes much greater with Ai Weiwei because a. I. Can start creating content by itself previously over the last ten years or so, we saw a Big Battle For Attention between algorithms but they only promoted content created by Human Beings now, a. I. Is capable of starting to create content by itself. Texts, images, videos, and we havent seen anything yet. I mean, the eyes of today are still extremely primitive in five or ten years. They are going to be far more sophisticated in their ability to create content then most Human Beings. So for you, the solution is really quite significant. Regulation of companies that do social media. And things like that yes. We need regulation. And again, the regulation is not about harming the Freedom Of Speech of Human Beings. Its about regulating the algorithms and the bots, which dont have freedom of Speech Freedom of speech is a human right. It is not a boatwright do you think that i mean, given the power of this technology are we kidding ourselves that we can put in place some regulations that will make a difference. It sort of feels like a little bit like the Industrial Revolution thats going to roll through no matter what you do the Industry Evolution itself was regulated. Initially, they send kids to work in Coal Mines eventually, the worst relations they said, no, you cannot send 10yearold kids to work in Coal Mines. They should go to school so at least democracies managed to regulate Industrial Revolution. They should do the same with a. I. Because their very existence is at stake. You Noah Harari, always a pleasure. Thank you next on gps, The World may have gotten a handle on covid, but older diseases are seeing a resurgence across The World ill tell you why and what you need to know when we returned you know, you only get one body it might be the perfect size to do this body may take up a lot of space or have to speak with him but no matter what body youre born with you only get one lets fight like hell for him dry, tired. Itchy, burning my dry eye symptoms got worse over time. My Eye Doctor explained the route was inflammation was made for that. So relief is lasting. So hydro treats the signs and symptoms of dry Eye Disease dont use of allergic desire dre, and seek medical help if needed. Common Side Effects include in rotation, discomfort, blurred vision, and unusual taste sensation. 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The conflict has prevented children from getting vaccinated and polio has begun to spread so dire is the situation that israel and hamas agreed to brief pauses and fighting to allow an immunization campaign to proceed this week the unwelcome return of polio highlights a Concerning Global Trend back in 2020, the Worlds Attention focused on a terrifying new disease called covid, that no one knew harder to treat. Today, we have a much better handle on covid, but The World is contending with the resurgence of all diseases across many countries a June Analysis by Air Affinity and bloomberg found more than 40 countries experiencing an infectious Disease Outbreak at levels ten times higher than before the pandemic these are ageold diseases that have tormented humankind, such as tuberculosis measles, cholera, and polio tragically, many of these diseases are preventable. Take measles from 2000 to 2019, the share of children receiving at least one dose of the Measles Vaccine rose from 71 to 86 . That prevented an estimated 25 Million deaths during the disruption of the pandemic, the vaccinated chef fell to 81 . It has bounced back to only 83 . A level previously seen in 2009. Measles is now surging in the u. S. And abroad the w. H. O. Reported an 88 increase in cases last year one major factor here is vaccine hesitancy. According to a 2023 unicef report, surveys found declining support for Childhood Vaccinations and 52 out of 55 countries compared to before the pandemic, a doubledigit decline in most places. People who have been Sowing Doubts about vaccines should realize they are costing lives another Disease Raising Fears Around The World is mpox, formerly known as monkeypox. It spread widely in 2022 now a deadlier strain is proliferating and several african countries and cases have reached as far as sweden and thailand this may sound like a new affliction for humanity, but it is really an old enemy in different clothing. Mpox is closely related to smallpox, so close that Smallpox Vaccines are used against mpox The World Eradicated Smallpox by 1980. And understandably stopped administering Smallpox Vaccines. Yet it has failed to take mpox seriously, which is far less fatal but has infected over 100,000 people since 2022. And killed over 220 theres another area where success has bred complacency, sexually transmitted diseases. Worldwide cases of syphilis have spiked, for example, in the us, the latest data showed syphilis at levels seen last in the 1950s one reason has to do with hiv which used to scare people and to getting tested and using protection gay men in particular. Now there are very effective drugs to treat hiv and prevent transmission. That is fantastic except that it means people are taking fewer precautions and spreading other Std Two other kinds of diseases bear mentioning common illnesses like flu and Strep Throat have roared back after the pandemic, after people were cloistered and natural population immunity dwindled. Other pathogens have benefited from environmental factors like Climate Change cases of Dengue Fever are at a global record. As mosquitoes have extended their range. By the way, if you think that the us emerged from covid, ready to handle a new epidemic . Think again as Caitlin Rivers Rights and foreign Affairs Trust in Public Health institutions is down. The Cdcs Budget for public look, Health Preparedness and response has not kept pace with inflation and conservative State Legislatures have curtail the power of State Health Officials Science is far from perfect, always a work in progress. But over the years, the science of Public Health has produced remarkable advances and Lifespan And Quality of life worldwide we need to overcome are pandemic fatigue. Use the best tools we have. An extinguished these outbreaks as quickly as possible thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week, i will see you next week Kamala Harris, Donald Trump, the debate. Everyones been waiting for follows cnn for complete coverage and exclusive pre and postdebate analysis. As cnn special the abc News President ial defeat to the nine eastern on Cnn And Streaming on max i wish mighty the provider, let me choose what i pay for my subscription when i walk and have 100 of free channels choosing customize your can alina will watch for free. Sling. Let you do that. Our biggest challenge, uncertainty, hidden surcharges. Who knows what to expect, turned shipping to your advantage keep it simple with clear upfront pricing with Usps Ground Advantage this guy cant shoot. Hes got we got you. 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